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西秦岭地区是二叠系—三叠系之交深水相保存较为连续的地区,西秦岭甘南地区上二叠统毛毛隆组发育丰富的遗迹化石(12属17种)。遗迹网络分析作为新兴的研究方法,侧重于用相互连接的遗迹分类群来重建遗迹群落系统,这为研究遗迹群落的行为学和生态学提供了丰富的手段。笔者以西秦岭甘南地区上二叠统毛毛隆组发现的遗迹化石为数据源,运用遗迹网络分析方法,揭示出毛毛隆组遗迹群落具结构化特征,遗迹群落体现出环境驱动的遗迹组合面貌特征: Palaeophycus-Lockeia-Arenicolites-Dictyodora-Planolites-Protovirgularia-Chondrites组合(C1,近源浊流区),Palaeophycus-Lockeia-Arenicolites-Dictyodora-Protovirgularia-Phycodes-Chondrites-Helminthopsis组合(C2,浊流过渡区—浊流远源区),和Palaeophycus-Nereites-Scolicia-Protovirgularia-Helminthopsis组合(C3,远源浊流区)。该遗迹群落由C1演变至C3的过程,揭示了古环境从近源浊流区至远源浊流区的演变历程。 相似文献
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The Late Permian–early Middle Triassic strata of the northern West Qinling area, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, are composed of sediment gravity flow deposits. Detailed sedimentary facies analysis indicates these strata were deposited in three successive deep-marine environments. The Late Permian–early Early Triassic strata of the Maomaolong Formation and the lowest part of the Longwuhe Formation define a NW–SE trending proximal slope environment. Facies of the Early Triassic strata composing the middle and upper Longwuhe Formation are consistent with deposition in a base-of-slope apron environment, whereas facies of the Middle Triassic Anisian age Gulangdi Formation are more closely associated with a base-of-slope fan depositional environment. The lithofacies and the spatial–temporal changes in paleocurrent data from these strata suggest the opening of a continental margin back-arc basin system during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the northern West Qinling. U–Pb zircon ages for geochemically varied igneous rocks with diabasic through granitic compositions intruded into these deep-marine strata range from 250 to 234 Ma. These observations are consistent with extensional back-arc basin development and rifting between the Permian–Triassic Eastern Kunlun arc and North China block during the continent–continent collision and underthrusting of the South China block northward beneath the Qinling terrane of the North China block. Deep-marine sedimentation ended in the northern West Qinling by the Middle Triassic Ladinian age, but started in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi to the south. We attribute these observations to southward directed rollback of Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere, continued attenuation of the West Qinling on the upper plate, local post-rift isostatic compensation in the northern West Qinling area, and continued opening of a back-arc basin in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi. Rollback and back-arc basin development during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the West Qinling area explains: the truncated map pattern of the Eastern Kunlun arc, the age difference of deep-marine sediment gravity flow deposits between the Late Permian–early Middle Triassic northern West Qinling and the late Middle Triassic–Late Triassic southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi, and the discontinuous trace of ophiolitic rocks associated with the Anyemaqen-Kunlun suture. 相似文献
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甘肃省夏河地区的上二叠统毛毛隆组中的砾屑灰岩沉积位于中秦岭裂陷槽内，这些砾屑灰岩由原地砾屑灰岩和异地砾屑灰岩组成。它们的出现说明碳酸盐台地解体，出现台裂斜坡，并于槽向岩系的配合可以说明裂陷的部位。因此对砾屑灰岩的成因讨论，对于认识古构造发展有重要的意义。 相似文献
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甘肃夏河麻隆沟二叠纪毛毛隆组沉积特征及环境分析 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
本文详细分析了该组沉积物的物理特征、地球化学特征、以及古生物特征,认为毛毛隆组是一套具有斜坡沉积特征的沉积物,是在沉积盆地不断裂陷的环境中形成的. 相似文献
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齐姆根-桑株河地区石炭-二叠纪地层划分及对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
齐姆根-桑株河地区石炭-二叠系分布广泛,层位齐全,化石丰富.据实测剖面及系统采集的类及腕足、牙形石、孢粉等化石较准确地厘定了石炭-二叠系各地层单元界线和岩石组合特征,自下而上划分出卡拉巴西塔克组、克里塔克组、和什拉甫组、卡拉乌依组、阿孜干组、塔哈奇组和克孜里奇曼组、棋盘组、普司格组、达里约尔组、杜瓦组,其中下石炭统仅分布于莫莫克以西.早二叠世中晚期-晚二叠世早期新藏公路以东普司格组属河流-湖泊-冲积扇相沉积,莫莫克-齐姆根地区棋盘组,达里约尔组以浅海相与河流三角洲相交互沉积及湖泊-河流相沉积为特征,晚二叠世晚期仅于新藏公路以东沉积冲积扇-扇三角洲相的杜瓦组. 相似文献
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豫西宜阳上二叠统孙家沟组为一套陆相碎屑岩,在该组中部土门段砂泥互层中发现大量的植物化石碎片和孢粉化石。文中依据孙家沟组沉积特征及孢粉组合区域对比,厘定了土门段的地质时代,并依据孢粉化石的亲缘植物关系和信息函数,结合微量元素Sr/Cu值指标,定性和半定量分析了宜阳地区的古气候特征。结果显示: 土门段共发现52属孢粉化石,以裸子植物花粉占优势,与华北地区晚二叠世孢粉组合特征有很大的相似性,推测其地质时代相当于晚二叠世长兴期。孢粉化石属种的植物亲缘关系与欧美镁灰岩统植物成分类似,表明整体上为较炎热的半干旱古气候。该成果可为华北地区晚二叠世晚期的陆相沉积环境、古植物背景以及古气候演化研究提供参考依据。 相似文献
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GaoYongqun YangFengqing PengYuanqiao 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2005,16(1):1-10
INTRODUCTIONThe Shaiwa Section is located in the town ofSidazhai, Ziyun County, Guizhou Province, south western China ( Fig. 1 ). This area belongs to theNanpanjiang basin of the Yangtze platform. A greatdeal of work purely on the subdivision of the stratahas been carried out in this region (Guizhou Bureauof Geology and Mineral Resources, 1987). However,studies on recoveries of the paleoenvironments of thisarea are rarely reported. Due to rifting and su… 相似文献
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豫西济源地区下三叠统和尚沟组和中三叠统二马营组均为陆相河湖相沉积,本研究在和尚沟组和上覆二马营组中下段分别识别出遗迹化石5属6种和7属9种,这些化石材料成为探究大灭绝事件后陆地造迹生物复苏的良好材料。运用遗迹网络分析方法构建了和尚沟组和二马营组中下段遗迹网络,相关参数显示自早三叠世和尚沟组沉积期至中三叠世二马营组中下段沉积期,遗迹网络节点增加,平均度、平均加权度和图密度有所降低,网络直径、平均聚类系数和平均路径长度呈明显增加趋势,遗迹网络复杂化以及造迹生物对恶劣环境适应性的增强,这些可能是二叠纪—三叠纪之交灭绝事件(Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction, PTME)后生物复苏的潜在标志。推测PTME后华北地区生物复苏和生态恢复可能遵循着类似的模式,但后续研究仍需陆相实体化石证据的佐证与补充。 相似文献
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With the aim of constraining the influence of the surrounding plates on the Late Paleozoic–Mesozoic paleogeographic and tectonic evolution of the southern North China Craton (NCC), we undertook new U–Pb and Hf isotope data for detrital zircons obtained from ten samples of upper Paleozoic to Mesozoic sediments in the Luoyang Basin and Dengfeng area. Samples of upper Paleozoic to Mesozoic strata were obtained from the Taiyuan, Xiashihezi, Shangshihezi, Shiqianfeng, Ermaying, Shangyoufangzhuang, Upper Jurassic unnamed, and Lower Cretaceous unnamed formations (from oldest to youngest). On the basis of the youngest zircon ages, combined with the age-diagnostic fossils, and volcanic interlayer, we propose that the Taiyuan Formation (youngest zircon age of 439 Ma) formed during the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian, the Xiashihezi Formation (276 Ma) during the Early Permian, the Shangshihezi (376 Ma) and Shiqianfeng (279 Ma) formations during the Middle–Late Permian, the Ermaying Group (232 Ma) and Shangyoufangzhuang Formation (230 and 210 Ma) during the Late Triassic, the Jurassic unnamed formation (154 Ma) during the Late Jurassic, and the Cretaceous unnamed formation (158 Ma) during the Early Cretaceous. These results, together with previously published data, indicate that: (1) Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian sandstones were sourced from the Northern Qinling Orogen (NQO); (2) Lower Permian sandstones were formed mainly from material derived from the Yinshan–Yanshan Orogenic Belt (YYOB) on the northern margin of the NCC with only minor material from the NQO; (3) Middle–Upper Permian sandstones were derived primarily from the NQO, with only a small contribution from the YYOB; (4) Upper Triassic sandstones were sourced mainly from the YYOB and contain only minor amounts of material from the NQO; (5) Upper Jurassic sandstones were derived from material sourced from the NQO; and (6) Lower Cretaceous conglomerate was formed mainly from recycled earlier detritus.The provenance shift in the Upper Carboniferous–Mesozoic sediments within the study area indicates that the YYOB was strongly uplifted twice, first in relation to subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean Plate beneath the northern margin of the NCC during the Early Permian, and subsequently in relation to collision between the southern Mongolian Plate and the northern margin of the NCC during the Late Triassic. The three episodes of tectonic uplift of the NQO were probably related to collision between the North and South Qinling terranes, northward subduction of the Mianlue Ocean Plate, and collision between the Yangtze Craton and the southern margin of the NCC during the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian, Middle–Late Permian, and Late Jurassic, respectively. The southern margin of the central NCC was rapidly uplifted and eroded during the Early Cretaceous. 相似文献
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新疆塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世深水遗迹化石的发现及意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《沉积学报》2000,18(4)
在新疆塔里木板块西北缘下二叠统比尤勒提群中部首次发现了大量深水遗迹化石,主要包括Glockeria Ksiazkiewicz 1968,Helminthoida sp., Megagrapton sp., Paleodictyon sp., Paleodictyon (Glenodictyum) Croaticum Ulchman 1995, Planolites sp., Protopaleodictyon sp., Scalarituba missouriensis Weller 1899, Spirophycus sp.等,代表典型深海环境的Nereites遗迹相。根据对温古尔剖面的研究,比尤勒提群下部为浅海陆棚相砂泥质灰岩、粉砂质泥岩、粉砂岩、泥晶灰岩等;而含丰富遗迹化石的比尤勒提群中部为一套深海海底扇沉积的浊积岩系夹少量硅质岩,并且在浊积扇的不同位置所产遗迹组合类型也明显不同,扇根以觅食迹为主,含大量穿相分子,扇中开始出现牧食迹,扇梢则出现特征的耕作迹;比尤勒提群上部为浅海陆棚－滨海相沉积的硅质灰岩、泥晶灰岩和砂质灰岩及粉砂质泥岩、钙质砂岩等。该套遗迹化石组合与深海浊积事件密切相关,同时表明塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世时期存在一个陆棚浅海－深海盆地沉积环境,晚二叠世时期海水向西退去形成陆相沉积。 相似文献
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西秦岭地区晚二叠世—早三叠世沉积相分析和沉积古环境再造 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
青海省同仁地区处于祁连和秦岭造山带的接合部，构造演化历史悠久。本次工作在该地区隆务河一带发现较好的二叠—三叠系剖面。将该剖面从下而上划分为上二叠统石关组、下三叠统果木沟组和江里沟组，其中江里沟组又进一步划分为下部的浊积岩段和上部的风暴岩段，初步确定了二叠—三叠纪的界线。沉积序列、沉积相和沉积物表明上二叠统石关组和下三叠统果木沟组为一套陆源碎屑浊积岩，下三叠统江里沟组下部为一套不纯的内碎屑浊积岩，而下三叠统江里沟组上部为风暴岩沉积。根据沉积相和火山岩夹层的地球化学特征认为该地区上二叠统石关组和下三叠统果木沟组处于半深海的活动大陆边缘，下三叠统江里沟组早期的浊积岩段处于较稳定的半深海大陆边缘。根据沉积相和遗迹化石，恢复了晚二叠世—早三叠世的海平面变化特征。 相似文献
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青海省同仁地区上二叠统石关组上部火山岩的新发现及其地球化学特征和构造环境意义 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
青海省同仁地区位于秦、祁结合部,构造演化历史悠久.在该区隆务河两侧广泛发育着二叠、三叠纪地层,通过两套地层岩石组合分析,我们认为晚二叠世晚期至早三叠世早期该区属于半深海浊积扇相沉积环境.在该区晚二叠世晚期地层中新发现一套火山岩,火山岩的岩石组合主要为玄武岩、安山岩、玄武安山岩等.根据岩石的常量元素特征,可以将本区火山岩分为两部分:下部岩石的SiO2含量为49.04%~52.43%,平均为51.28%,TiO2含量为0.67%~1.11%,平均为0.9%,ALK值为2.64%~3.6%.通过常量元素投点图分析,本组火山岩岩性偏基性,属于拉斑玄武岩系列,显示高钛玄武岩特征.上部岩石的SiO2含量为56.25%~60.36%,平均为58.76%,TiO2含量为0.52%~0.63%,平均为0.58%,ALK值在5.26%~5.54%之间.岩性偏中性,属于钙碱性系列,显示低钛玄武岩特征.火山岩的稀土元素也有明显差异,下部稀土总量较低,∑REE=(61.7~97.17)×10-6,(La/Lu)N比值平均为3.07,轻重稀土分馏不明显,显示与过渡型洋中脊玄武岩相似的特征;而上部稀土总量较高,∑REE=(107.51~143.32)×10-6,(La/Lu)N比值平均为7.78,轻重稀土分馏明显,稀土分配曲线显示与岛弧安山岩相似的特征.该区火山岩的微量元素比值蛛网图显示与岛弧钙碱性玄武岩-过渡类型玄武岩具有较强的相似性.构造环境判别显示出本区火山岩具有从拉张的过渡型洋中脊环境到闭合的岛弧环境的演化特征. 相似文献
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新疆塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世深水遗迹化石的发现及意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在新疆塔里木板块西北缘下二叠统比尤勒提群中部首次发现了大量深水遗迹化石,主要包括Glockeria Ksiazkiewicz1968,Helminthoida sp.,Megagrapton sp.,Paleodictyon sp.,Paleodictyon(Glenodictyum)Croaticum Ulchman1995,Planolites sp.,Protopaleodictyon sp.,Scalaritubamissouriensis Weller1899,Spirophycus sp.等,代表典型深海环境的Nereites遗迹相。根据对温古尔剖面的研究,比尤勒提群下部为浅海陆棚相砂泥质灰岩、粉砂质泥岩、粉砂岩、泥晶灰岩等;而含丰富遗迹化石的比尤勒提群中部为一套深海海底扇沉积的浊积岩系夹少量硅质岩,并且在浊积扇的不同位置所产遗迹组合类型也明显不同,扇根以觅食迹为主,含大量穿相分子,扇中开始出现牧食迹,扇梢则出现特征的耕作迹;比尤勒提群上部为浅海陆棚-滨海相沉积的硅质灰岩、泥晶灰岩和砂质灰岩及粉砂质泥岩、钙质砂岩等。该套遗迹化石组合与深海浊积事件密切相关,同时表明塔里木板块西北缘早二叠世时期存在一个陆棚浅海-深海盆地沉积环境,晚二叠世时期海水向西退去形成陆相沉积。 相似文献
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辽河油田西部凹陷沙三段沉积相及演化 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
西部凹陷沙河街组三段沉积厚度很大，分布范围广，是深层储层重要组成部分。根据地球化学、化石组合及生态习性分析，沙三段沉积期处于暖湿气候的较深水还原湖泊环境。主体物源来自西侧，发育了一系列自西而东的扇三角洲砂体。根据沉积背景和岩心描述所建立的沉积层序，可确认这一沉积砂体的主要类型为浅水至较深水环境的水进型扇三角洲沉积，根据扇3角洲的岩性、沉积层序和形态可进一步划分为扇根、扇中和扇端3个亚相带。砂体发育主要受西侧物源控制，发育了多个扇三角洲体系。这些扇三角州砂体邻近生油洼陷，与烃源岩直接接触，有利于油气的优先富集，可形成一系列岩性一构造圈闭，不失为深层油气勘探的有利区带。 相似文献