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1.
普通球粒陨石数量约占球粒陨石的80%,对其开展研究有助于揭示早期太阳系的演化。本文使用扫描电镜和电子探针对三块普通球粒陨石的岩石学、矿物学和地球化学特征进行了分析，重点讨论了复合球粒的成因。研究表明，三块陨石均具典型的球粒陨石结构，其中GRV 050191与GRV 051993分别为LL3型和H3型陨石，球粒结构清晰且丰富；NWA 15005为H5型陨石，球粒可分辨，基质出现重结晶。GRV 050191与GRV 051993中矿物成分变化较大，橄榄石有成分环带，NWA 15005中矿物成分均一。根据陨石岩石矿物学特征，GRV 050191、GRV 051993和NWA 15005冲击变质程度分别为S2、S1和S3,风化程度为W1、W1和W2。复合球粒是由两个或多个球粒熔融形成的，本次研究发现的3个复合球粒，其中2个属于包封型复合球粒(CPC-1和CPC-3),1个为伴生型复合球粒(CPC-2)。SiO2-FeO-MgO相图数据表明，复合球粒形成温度窗口约为100℃。根据复合球粒中橄榄石的FeO含量变化推测越早形成的球粒，其FeO含量越低，橄榄石化学成分变化趋势表明... 相似文献
2.
南极格罗夫山6块非平衡型普通球粒陨石的矿物-岩石学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
主要报导了南极格罗夫山新回收的6块非平衡型普通球粒陨石的岩石学和矿物化学特征.它们都保存了原始的矿物-岩石学特征,包括非常清晰的球粒结构、基质不透明、橄榄石和低钙辉石颗粒具有明显的成分环带、以及颗粒之间极不均匀的化学组成等.这6块陨石包括3块高铁群(H3)和3块低铁群(L3)群.根据非平衡型普通球粒陨石中橄榄石成分Fa变化的PMD(相对标准偏差)值与陨石热变质程度的相关性,进一步划分岩石类型亚类:CRV 020016为H3.7型、GRV 020162为H3.5型、GRV 020166为H3.4型、GRV 020106为L3.7型、GRV 020164为L3.7型、GRV 020165为L3.7型.全部6块陨石的冲击变质程度很低,为S1-S2;样品比较新鲜,风化作用划分为W1-W2. 相似文献
3.
4.
通过对15块南极格罗夫山普通球粒陨石(中国第19次和第22次南极科考回收)进行岩石学、矿物学分析,为其进一步研究提供重要基础数据。研究表明这些陨石均为平衡型陨石,其中有5块为H群,其余为L群。除GRV 051869和GRV 021491经历较强冲击变质作用、具有S4型的冲击变质程度外,其他陨石的冲击变质作用轻微,主要集中在S1和S2型。这些陨石的风化程度普遍较轻,仅GRV052076达到了W3型,其他为W1和W2型。主要矿物成分分析表明,组成H群和L群的最初始星云物质可能是相同的,陨石的主要差别是由于两个群陨石各自所处环境的不同所造成。L群平均球粒半径大于H群球粒半径,可能为球粒形成过程中星云温度变化不均一或者不同类型球粒分不同时期形成。另外,研究表明橄榄石中的Ca含量可以作为一个反映陨石热历史的有用指标。 相似文献
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我国第16次南极考察队回收到6块稀少种类陨石-L3型,GRV99001,GRV99019,GRV99020,GRV99021, GRV99022,GRV99026。本文对其中3块陨石进行研究,研究它们的球粒结构和矿物化学成分．它们虽然都属于非平衡普通球粒陨石(L3),但它们的亚类不同,GRV 99001为L3．4,GRV99026为L3．5,GRV99019为L3．6．它们的球粒结构和球粒内的矿物晶体完整性和矿物组合变化比较大,橄榄石和辉石以高镁为特征．这三块陨石的球粒结构种类比较多,有班状的、炉条状的、扇形的和隐晶质的等．在GRV99001陨石中班状结构的球粒内能见到一个或两个以上完整的单晶橄榄石构成的球粒,也能见到多个细小的或是破碎橄榄石,被包裹在辉石晶体内．而在GRV99019和GRV99026陨石中只能见到多个细小单晶体或是破碎的橄榄石晶体．GRV99001陨石的炉条状结构,好象是由一条带状长石矿物,穿插在单个橄榄石晶体中构成．扇形和伞形结构的球粒,以一个点为中心,向外放射呈扇形．如GRV99019陨石中扇形结构球粒,它们是以辉石为主,陨硫铁充填在低钙辉石缝隙中,形成扇形．另一种是以多个点为中心,如GRV99001陨石,它们是由橄榄石、低钙辉石和长石质的玻璃,构成多个小伞形,形状类似三维立体的球,裂缝中也充填有金属矿物．隐晶质的球粒在GRV99026陨石中有两种,一种是在一厘米等于 100un时呈现隐晶质矿物,而放大到一厘米等于5un时,就可以清楚看到两种低钙辉石矿物,在低钙辉石中还有金属矿物．另一种隐晶质结构球粒由极细小破碎的橄榄石和辉石矿物构成．这三块陨石中的橄榄石和辉石都以高镁为特征．班状结构球粒,在GRV99001陨石中橄榄石的MgO-33．37-51．21,辉石为35．9-36．61;GRV99019陨石中橄榄石23．33-56．58,辉石 21．38-33．07;GRV99026陨石中橄榄石45．91-52．63,辉石34．48-37．35．扇形结构球粒,在GRV99001陨石中橄榄石29．94 -46．22,辉石28．17-30．36;GRV99019陨石中橄榄石29．17-34．38,辉石23．11-27．79．炉条状结构的球粒,在GRV99001 陨石中橄榄石51．84-56．03．隐晶质结构球粒,在GRV99026陨石中辉石20．17-21．54,橄榄石30．84-32．66．由此看出矿物晶体完整性越好镁的含量越高． 相似文献
6.
我国南极陨石研究与展望 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
继1998～2000年我国第15、16次南极科考队在南极格罗夫山发现32块陨石之后，2002～2003年第19次科考队成立了以回收陨石为中心任务的格罗夫山综合考察分队，在同一地区成功回收4448块陨石。我国的南极陨石回收工作不但实现了零的突破，而且成为继日本和美国之后拥有南极陨石数量最多的国家之一。通过对第15、16次队回收的32块陨石以及第19次队4448块陨石中的38块代表性样品的化学一岩石类型划分工作,除平衡型普通球粒陨石外，发现了2块火星陨石、2块橄辉无球粒陨石、6块非平衡L3型陨石、4块碳质球粒陨石和1块非平衡型顽辉石球粒陨石等特殊类型陨石。本文主要介绍了南极陨石的回收和研究进展，以及我国在南极格罗夫山回收陨石的情况和已取得的初步研究成果。同时对我国今后的陨石回收与研究工作提出初步设想。 相似文献
7.
取自南极格罗夫山两块橄辉无球粒陨石 ,GRV0 2 15 12陨石具有典型的橄辉陨石结构 ,由 48.3 %的橄榄石、9.4%的易变辉石和3 8.1%的碳质基质组成。而 GRV0 2 2 93 1则表现为碎裂结构 ,少量斑状橄榄石 (19.1% )和易变辉石 (14 .1% )镶嵌于富碳质基质 (66.3 % )中。两块陨石的粗粒橄榄石和易变辉石的核部成分均匀 ,成分落在橄榄石 -易变辉石橄辉无球粒陨石的富铁亚类之中。所有橄榄石颗粒的边缘和裂隙均具有还原环带。在富碳基质中金刚石与石墨共生呈团块和脉状产出 ,本文就两块陨石的岩石和金刚石的成因进行了讨论。GRV021512和GRV021931:… 相似文献
8.
HED(Howardite-Eucrite-Diogenite)族陨石及其可能母体灶神星是国际深空探测与小行星研究的热点。其中,经历了复杂撞击混合成岩作用而形成的Howardite(古铜钙长无球粒陨石),是研究灶神星表土层物质组成与演化这一国际前沿领域的主要对象。21世纪以来,中国在南极格罗夫山回收了大量陨石,这为我国行星科学的发展提供了重要的研究标本。我国目前已分类的南极陨石中发现有3块Eucrite陨石,其为研究灶神星岩浆活动提供了重要机遇。本次工作对2016年收集到的南极格罗夫山陨石GRV 150277进行了系统性岩石学与矿物学研究。研究结果表明GRV 150277具有典型的角砾结构,主要由近乎等比例的Diogenite陨石和Eucrite陨石碎屑组成,是我国在南极发现的第一块Howardite陨石。此外,GRV 150277中还可见少量的铁陨石与CM型陨石碎屑,表明灶神星表土层遭受了多种小行星撞击。GRV 150277陨石的发现及其外源碎屑的详细研究,对确定灶神星表土层物质组成与演化历史具有重要的指示意义。 相似文献
9.
干旱沙漠地区与南极冰盖均有利于陨石样品保存。2013年4-5月,通过首次新疆哈密沙漠陨石考察,回收了陨石样品47块。文中报导其中6块样品的矿物岩石学特征,并划分它们的化学岩石类型。Arlatager004、006、0014、0022和TuzLeik001等5块样品主要由橄榄石、辉石、长石、铁镍金属和陨硫铁组成,具有典型的普通球粒陨石岩石结构特征,其球粒结构不明显,表明经历过较强的热变质,岩石类型划分为5型;根据样品中橄榄石Fa值,低钙辉石Fs值和样品的金属含量等,将Arlatager004、006、0014、0022划分为L5型普通球粒陨石;TuzLeik001划分为H5型普通球粒陨石。Kumtag005具有典型的球粒结构,结合橄榄石Fa值和低钙辉石Fs值以及岩石学特征,将其划分为L3型普通球粒陨石。根据橄榄石Fa值与其百分标准平均方差(PMD)之间的关系,将Kumtag005的岩石类型亚型划分为L 3.4。这6块样品代表了3个化学群,结合该地区回收到的其他陨石分析结果,表明新疆哈密沙漠是一个新的陨石富集区,这些沙漠陨石的发现和研究,必将极大促进中国陨石学和天体化学的发展。 相似文献
10.
南极 GRV 021788橄辉无球粒陨石的岩石学和矿物学特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
橄辉无球粒陨石是一类特殊的无球粒陨石,既具有高度分异的火成特征,又具有原始球粒陨石的特征。南极格罗夫山GRV021788陨石由橄榄石、辉石以及少量的富碳基质、不透明矿物组成,具有橄辉无球粒陨石典型的岩相学和矿物学特征,包括橄榄石晶体三线共点的接触和富镁还原边等。GRV021788的主要矿物的化学成分为:橄榄石Fa23.2～Fa1.5,易变辉石Fs21.2Wo10.6～Fs18.7Wo10.7。橄榄石颗粒有明显的反环带结构,而易变辉石的反环带则不明显。黑色填隙基质富碳,含金刚石和石墨。岩石学和矿物化学特征表明GRV021788是一橄辉无球粒陨石,属单矿(monomict)Ⅰ类(Fa23.2～Fs20.4)橄辉无球粒陨石。陨石的形成机制与多阶段部分熔融-堆积模式较为一致。 相似文献
11.
LU Ren MIAO Bingkui WANG Guiqing DAI Deqiu LIN Yangting OUYANG Ziyuan LI Chunlai Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang Guizhou Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of Geology Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(5):1052-1059
Petrography and mineral chemistry of 24 ordinary chondrites from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica, have been studied in order to identify their chemical-petrographic types. These samples were selected from a total of 4448 Grove Mountains (GRV) meteorites collected during the 19th Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition so as to make an estimation of the large GRV meteorite collection. The chemical-petrographic types of these meteorites are presented below: 1 H3,2 H4, 4 H5, 2 H6, 1 L4, 7 L5, 5 L6, 1 LL4 and 1 LL6. The new data weaken the previous report that unequilibrated ordinary chondrites are unusually abundant in the Grove Mountains region. However, this work confirms significant differences in distribution patterns of chemical-petrographic types between the Grove Mountains and other 相似文献
12.
DAI Deqiu LIN Yangting MIAO Bingkui SHENG Wenjie WANG Daode Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Institute of Geology Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(5):1042-1051
Three new carbonaceous chondrites (GRV 020025,021579 and 022459) collected from the Grove Mountains (GRV), Antarctica, have been classified as the CM2, CO3 and CV3 chondrites, respectively. A total of 27 Ca- and Al-rich inclusions have been found in the three meteorites, which are the earliest assemblages formed in the solar nebula. Most of the inclusions are intensively altered, with abundant phyllosilicates in the inclusions from GRV 020025 and FeO enrichment of spinel in those from GRV 022459. Except for one spinel-spherule in each of GRV 020025 and 相似文献
13.
在南极格罗夫山普通球粒陨石的风化等级划分中出现了和Wlotzka(1993)标准矛盾的现象。部分普通球粒陨石的金属和陨硫铁氧化不足20%,然而硅酸盐却发生了蚀变。如果考虑金属的氧化量,这种风化程度应为W1,如果考虑硅酸盐的蚀变,这种风化程度应为W5。对于存在如此大的差异本文给出了折衷的解决办法——对金属和硅酸盐同时进行风化等级划分。金属的风化等级划分为W_m0-W_m4五个,硅酸盐风化等级划分为W_s0-W_s3四个。依据新方案,GRV 021588、021636、021772和021957等4块无法用Wlotzka(1993)标准来确定风化等级的陨石的风化等级均为W_m1-W_s1。而陨石GRV 023312的风化等级为W_m3-W_s0,其相当于Wlotzka(1993)标准中的W3。 相似文献
14.
XU Lin LIN Yangting WANG Shijie OUYANG Ziyuan Key Laboratory of the Study of Earth’s Deep Interior Institute of Geology Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Astronomical Observatories Beijing China Institute of Geochemistry Guiyang China 《中国地球化学学报》2009,28(3):271-278
Bulk compositions of metallic Fe-Ni from two equilibrated ordinary chondrites, Jilin (H5) and Anlong (H5), and two unequilibrated
ones, GRV 9919 (L3) and GRV 021603 (H3), were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The CI-,
Co-normalized abundances of siderophile and chalcophile elements of metallic Fe-Ni from the unequilibrated ordinary chondrites
correlate with 50% condensation temperatures (i.e., volatility) of the elements. The refractory siderophile elements (i.e.,
platinum group elements, Re), Au, Ni and Co show a flat pattern (1.01×CI Co-normalized), while moderate elements (As, Cu,
Ag, Ga, Ge, Zn) decrease with volatility from 0.63×CI (Co-normalized, As) to 0.05×CI (Co-normalized, Zn). Cr and Mn show deficit
relative to the trend, probably due to their main partition in silicates and sulfides (nonmagnetic). Metallic Fe-Ni from the
equilibrated ordinary chondrites shows similar patterns, except for strong deficit of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn. It is indicated that
these elements were almost all partitioned into silicates and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism. The similar deficit
of Cr, Mn, Ag and Zn was also found in iron meteorites.
Our analyses demonstrate similar behaviors of W and Mo as refractory siderophile elements during condensation of the solar
nebula, except for slight depletion of Mo in the L3 and H5 chondrites. The Mo-depletion of metallic Fe-Ni from GRV 9919 (L3)
relative to GRV 021603 (H3) could be due to a more oxidizing condition of the former than the latter in the solar nebula.
In contrast, the Mo-depletion of the metallic Fe-Ni from the H5 chondrites may reflect partition of Mo from metal to silicates
and/or sulfides during thermal metamorphism in the asteroidal body. 相似文献
15.
Petrographic, mineralogical and chemical analysis of naturally weathered equilibrated ordinary chondrites collected from ‘ hot’ deserts and Antarctica has revealed striking similarities and also pronounced differences in weathering between the two environments. Terrestrial weathering in all meteorites studied is dominated by oxidation and hydration of Fe,Ni metal, producing Fe-oxides and oxyhydroxides that have partially replaced the metal grains and have also occluded primary intergranular pores to form veins. Troilite weathers readily in ‘ hot’ desert environments but undergoes very little alteration under Antarctic conditions. Most of the primary porosity of ordinary chondrites has been occluded by the time that ∼ 15 to 25% of the initial Fe0 and Fe2+ has been oxidised to Fe3+ in both environments. Results from modelling the volume changes upon alteration of primary minerals to a range of weathering products demonstrates that the primary porosity of most meteorites is sufficient to accommodate weathering products. Dilation of primary pores and brecciation, which has been observed in parts of some meteorites, will only occur if the meteorite is especially metal-rich, or has a low primary porosity. These weathering products are absent from recent falls but have formed in a fall after ∼ 100 yr of museum storage.Cl-bearing akaganéite and hibbingite are common weathering products in Antarctic finds but occur in abundance in only one ‘ hot’ desert meteorite, Daraj 014. The majority of Fe-rich weathering products in meteorites from both environments contain low, but variable concentrations of Si, Mg and Ca. In most meteorites a proportion of these elements are inferred to be present as a very finely crystalline mineral with a ∼ 1.0-nm lattice fringe spacing; where seen within intragranular fractures this mineral has a topotactic relationship with olivine and orthopyroxene. In the heavily-weathered Antarctic finds ALHA 78045 and 77002, Si is concentrated in cronstedtite, a Fe-rich phyllosilicate. An unidentified hydrous Si-Fe-Ni-Mg mineral or gel has also partially replaced taenite in ALHA 78045. In addition to Fe-rich weathering products, ‘ hot’ desert meteorites contain sulphates, Ca-carbonate and silica, whereas such minerals are largely absent from Antarctic finds. The abundance of silicate weathering products in Antarctic meteorites is unexpected and indicates that olivine and pyroxene undergo significant chemical weathering in these environments. As preterrestrial cronstedtite is abundant in CM2 carbonaceous chondrites, the Antarctic environment may be a powerful analog for aqueous alteration in the asteroidal parent bodies of primitive meteorites. 相似文献
16.
The production rate of 38Ar in meteorites—P(38)—has been determined, as a function of the sample's chemical composition, from 81Kr-Kr exposure ages of four eucrite falls. The cosmogenic 78Kr/83Kr ratio is used to estimate the shielding dependence of P(38).
From the “true” 38Ar exposure ages and the apparent 81Kr-Kr exposure ages of nine Antarctic eucrite finds, terrestrial ages are calculated. They range from about 3 × 105 a (Pecora Escarpment 82502) to very recent falls (Thiel Mountains 82502). Polymict eucrites from the Allan Hills (A78132, A79017 and A81009) have within the limits of error the same exposure age (15.2 × 106 a) and the same terrestrial age (1.1 × 105 a). This is taken as strong evidence that these meteorites are fragments of the same fall. A similar case are the Elephant Moraine polymict eucrites A79005, A79006 and 82600 with an exposure age of 26 × 106 a and a terrestrial age of 1.8 × 105 a. EETA79004 may be different from this group because its exposure age and terrestrial age are 21 × 106 a and 2.5 × 105 a, respectively.
The distribution of terrestrial ages of Allan Hills meteorites is discussed. Meteorites from this blue ice field have two sources: Directly deposited falls and meteorites transported to the Allan Hills inside the moving Antarctic ice sheet. During the surface residence time meteorites decompose due to weathering processes. The weathering “half-life” is about 1.6 × 105 a. From the different age distributions of Allan Hills and Yamato meteorites, it is concluded that meteorite concentrations of different Antarctic ice fields need different explanations. 相似文献
17.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(4):125536
Although acapulcoites and lodranites played a key role in understanding partial differentiation of asteroids, the lack of samples of the chondritic precursor limits our understanding of the processes that formed these meteorites. Grove Mountains (GRV) 020043 is a type 4 chondrite, with abundant, well-delineated, pyroxene-rich chondrules with an average diameter of 690 μm, microcrystalline mesostasis, polysynthetically striated low-Ca pyroxene, and slightly heterogeneous plagioclase compositions. Similarities in mineralogy, mineral composition, and oxygen isotopic composition link GRV 020043 to the acapulcoite-lodranite clan. These features include a high low-Ca pyroxene to olivine ratio, high kamacite to taenite ratio, and relatively FeO-poor mafic silicates (Fa10.3, Fs10.4) relative to ordinary chondrites, as well as the presence of ubiquitous metal and sulfide inclusions in low-Ca pyroxene and ƒO2 typical of acapulcoites. GRV 020043 shows that evidence of partial melting is not an essential feature for classification within the acapulcoite-lodranite clan. GRV 020043 experienced modest thermal metamorphism similar to type 4 ordinary chondrites. GRV 020043 suggests a range of peak temperatures on the acapulcoite-lodranite parent body similar to that of ordinary chondrites, but shifted to higher temperatures, perhaps consistent with earlier accretion. The mineralogy and mineral compositions of GRV 020043, despite modest thermal metamorphism, suggests that most features of acapulcoites previously attributed to reduction were, instead, inherited from the precursor chondrite. Although partial melting was widespread on the acapulcoite-lodranite parent body, ubiquitous Fe,Ni-FeS blebs in the cores of silicates were not implanted by shock or trapped during silicate melting, but were inherited from the precursor chondrite with subsequent overgrowths during metamorphism. 相似文献