共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
Coal flotation studies were carried out in ultrasonically assisted flotation cells. Representative hard coal slime samples from Prosper-Haniel Coal Preparation Plant located in Bottrop, Ruhr Region of Germany were used for this purpose. A Wemco type flotation cell was fitted with transducers and tests were carried out at variable frequency and power. The reagent for coal flotation was Ekofol-440 with variable dosages during conventional and ultrasonic flotation experiments. The results showed that ultrasonic coal flotation yields more combustible recovery and lower ash values in concentrates than conventional flotation by using similar reagent dosages. These results are explained on the basis of efficient surface cleaning of the coal particles. 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2005,75(1-2):83-90
The effect of three most important reagents for coal flotation namely sodium meta silicate, collector (kerosene) and frother (MIBC) was studied using 23 full factorial design. The regression models were developed using factorial experiment data to quantify the effect of sodium meta silicate, collector and frother and to predict grade and recovery of combustible material for different reagent conditions. The addition of sodium meta silicate increased the recovery without affecting the grade significantly. The MIBC addition reduce the surface tension at the liquid–vapor interface, which results in the production of finer bubble size distribution and thus improves flotation rates and recovery values. However, a finer bubble size distribution also increases water recovery, which results in a greater recovery of entrainable ash bearing particles and thus degradation of the product grade. The interaction between OH group of MIBC and hydrated mineral matter improves flotability of high ash coal particles and degrades the product grade further. The negative effect of kerosene and MIBC interaction on both grade and recovery could be due to the recovery of high ash coal particles in preference to low ash coal particles. The highest possible grade of product is 94.19% combustibles with 25.33% recovery. A product with 91.11% combustibles grade at 95.58% recovery was obtained at 0.1 g/kg sodium silicate, 0.4 g/kg collector and 0.075 g/kg frother from the coal fines tested. 相似文献
3.
内蒙古西胡里吐盆地有机质特征及其与铀矿化的关系 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：7
在砂岩型铀矿床中 ,有机质与铀矿化之间有着较为密切的关系。西胡里吐盆地的有机质主要是以松柏类和蕨类等高等植物残体为母质的腐殖型有机质。通过镜质体反射率、有机质碎屑的颜色、粘土矿物X 衍射和古地温恢复等分析测试发现 ,有机质的成熟度较低 ,处于未成熟—低成熟早期阶段。有机质的类型和成熟度决定了其在热演化中产生了大量腐殖酸并保存在地层中。褐煤、腐殖酸、残余植物碎屑和地沥青等是现存有机质的主要类型。除大量产出的煤层外 ,有机质主要呈碎屑状和细分散状分布于地层之中。 70 %的岩石中有机质的丰度在 0 1 %～ 3 % ,对铀矿化的形成较为有利。铀与有机质的紧密共生以及二者之间的正相关性 ,表明了有机质在西胡里吐盆地铀矿化形成中所起的重要作用。有机质中的腐殖酸与铀矿化的关系最为密切 ,有机粘土复合体、蚀变岩屑、植物碎屑和地沥青等吸附剂对铀的吸附均与腐殖酸有关。腐殖酸吸附铀后可以将铀还原 ,还可以与铀酰离子等进行络 (鳌 )合形成铀酰腐殖酸盐 ,并最终引起铀的沉淀富集。 相似文献
4.
5.
论晋北石炭二叠系紫色高岭石粘土的成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
晋北地区石炭二叠系煤层中与四号及九号煤伴生的含有机质的软质耐火粘土,即高岭石粘上,俗称紫矸或紫木节。对紫矸的成因过去有两种看法:(1)原生沉积的;(2)后期风化残积“由煤变来的”。笔者认为除这两个因素同时存在外,还与成岩后生作用中有机酸的淋滤和高岭石的重结晶、有序化等有关,尤其是后期风化表生作用使有机质氧化淋滤去SiO_2形成一水软铝石、褪色、溶蚀多孔、质地疏松,形成今日所见紫色高岭石粘土。 相似文献
6.
W. R. Jackson G. D. Bongers P. J. Redlich G. Favas Y. Fei A. F. Patti R. B. Johns 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1996,32(1-4)
It has been proposed that Victorian brown coal can be considered as a two-component structure — a lignocellulosic “host”, containing various amounts of weakly bound or entrapped “guest” material together with very small amounts of inorganic and/or mineral matter. The latter predominantly consists of wax esters and/or terpenoid material. In this paper we describe attempts to gain structural information regarding the more complex, “host” component of the coal. Our initial model compound has been humic acid that can be readily obtained from the coal by alkaline extraction. It has been found that “pure” humic acid, free from material associated with the “guest” components of the coal, can be obtained by a highly selective, low-yielding alkaline extraction. This humic acid has been studied by nmr spectroscopy and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (py-gc/ms). The products arising from py-gc/ms have been compared with those obtained from similar pyrolysis of whole coals. Alkylation of humic acids using alkyl halides in the presence of base has been successfully carried out and reactivity of the resulting materials compared with those of the parent coal and humic acid. 相似文献
7.
煤炭与铀两种资源在空间配置和成矿上有关联性,其合理开发利用及污染控制是我国国民经济和社会持续发展的重大需求。基于大量文献调研及前期研究成果,探讨了铀在煤中赋存分布及其在洗选、燃烧、淋滤过程中的迁移特征,取得一些认识:①煤中铀的富集成矿与成煤大地构造演化相关联,西南富铀煤主要与峨眉山玄武岩及断裂构造有关;西北富铀煤一般分布在拗陷和断拗陷盆地开阔地带一侧并与上覆砂岩型铀矿有关。②煤中铀主要与煤中有机质（主要是腐殖酸）结合,富铀煤中铀可以微细粒含铀矿物形式存在,并与有机硫、硫化物紧密共生,故在选煤过程中,无论重选还是浮选,其洗选脱除率均不高（最高为68.3%）,部分煤浮选时铀甚至富集到精煤中;在煤燃烧过程中,铀或多或少都会以气相形式挥发到大气中。③富铀煤一般也同时富集V、Mo、Se、Re、Cr等高价态变价元素,这与有机体深埋分解造成的强还原环境有关,对于那些不变价元素如Sc、Y、La等的沉淀富集主要与腐殖酸形成的酸化条件有关;这些共生组合元素,在富铀煤的分选及煤矸石的淋滤过程中表现出一致的迁移行为。④电厂燃煤过程中铀主要富集（呈数量级的增加）到飞灰和底灰中,粉煤灰中铀淋出浓度一般随淋滤液pH的增加呈降低趋势,其萃取率随灰化温度的升高呈现降低趋势。研究结果为铀资源利用和环境污染控制提供参考和依据。 相似文献
8.
Gordana DEVIC Petar PFENDT Branimir JOVANCICEVIC Zoran POPOVIC 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(4):574-588
The early diagenetic characteristics of pyrite formation processes in a Miocene freshwater sequence of mixed sediments （coal fragments in clays, sandstones or shales） alternating with continuous brown coal layers was investigated. Based on abundant minerals, the following main sedimentary environments were distinguished： the illite-montmorillonitic （I-M）, calcitic （Ct） and coal-forming environment （CL）. For these hydrogeochemically differing environments the effects of limiting factors on the pyrite formation process （availability of sulphate and Fe, amount of organic matter and participation of organic sulphur） were assessed by correlation analysis. Significant differences in the effects of these limiting factors in the particular environments were observed. These differences were explained taking in account the different oxidative activity, Fe-complex and surface complex forming properties of humic substances in dependence of pH of environment and the abundance of sorptionally active clay minerals. In environments having a relatively low pH and containing clay minerals （I-M- and CL-environments） the oxidative activity of humic substances （Hs） on pyrite precursors was greatly prevented however pyrite formation depended on reactive Fe availability as the consequence of complex formation. On the contrary, in environments with a relatively high pH, as it was the calcitic, the oxidative activity of Hs was greatly enhanced, thus oxidizing the sulfur precursors of pyrite. The oxidation degree of organic matter was probably also a consequence of the differing activity of the humic electron-acceptors. 相似文献
9.
从实际资料入手,深入分析煤层气水平井煤粉形成原因、煤粉产出规律及防治煤粉措施。分析结果表明:井壁原始应力状态改变、煤岩物质成分及组成、钻具的碾磨作用和钻遇煤层段井眼轨迹弯曲大煤层局部受到钻具挤压以及排采工作制度改变使降液速率变化大等是影响煤层气水平井煤粉形成的主要原因;黏土矿物是煤粉的主要来源,且黏土矿物含量越高,煤层出粉的可能性越大;排采早期产出的煤粉颗粒直径在几十微米到几百微米之间,粒径变化明显,表明排采早期产生的煤粉以钻具碾磨和井壁原始应力状态改变形成为主,排采后期产出的煤粉颗粒直径主要在几十微米左右,粒径分布相对均匀,表明排采后期产生的煤粉以煤层煤岩物质成分组成和排采工作制度变化影响形成为主;加强水平段循环清洗工作,优化合理的筛管缝隙尺寸、筛管直径、筛管长度等综合工艺技术,优选合适的排煤粉设备、制定合理的控煤粉排采制度等是煤层气水平井煤粉防治的主要措施。 相似文献
10.
Precambrian carbonaceous material from Cluff, Saskatchewan (Canada), and samples of Late Carboniferous material from Arlit (250 km NNW of Agadès, Niger), were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The Cluff sample is very rich in uranium, whereas those from Arlit are poorer. An intact organo-uranium complex is the major component of the Cluff sample, the carbon and oxygen content of which are high. Uraniferous fragments show very small molecular orientation, whereas those that are uranium-free present a statistical long range preferred orientation. The carbonaceous material of Arlit is entirely free of uranium and behaves as any other humic poorly evolved material; it acquires a small molecular orientation on heat treatment. Uranium was found associated with titaniferous illite in the form of poorly crystallized UTi2O6 (Brannerite). The formation of brannerite is attributed to a topotactic transformation of clay particles containing adsorbed organic matter. Clay yields TiO2; organic matter is the source of UO2. Destruction of clay leads to release of organic matter, free of uranium, which undergoes diagenesis. 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷上古生界具有优越的煤成烃物质基础,油气生成潜力取决于沉积有机相。通过对东濮凹陷及其周缘地区煤系沉积有机相的类型和分布特征的研究,结合烃源岩生烃热模拟实验,探讨了东濮凹陷上古生界煤成烃的潜力。研究表明:东濮凹陷上古生界沉积有机相可划分为6种类型,镜质腐殖有机相是研究区主要的有机相类型,太原组下部和太原组上部–山西组下部还发育少量的含腐泥腐殖有机相和壳质腐殖有机相等富氢有机相类型,山西组上部较发育惰质腐殖有机相,东濮凹陷北部发育富氢有机相,特别是庆古2井区和毛4、毛8井区有机相类型好,而南部则发育镜质腐殖有机相和惰质腐殖有机相。不同有机相成烃潜力存在明显差异,镜质腐殖有机相的生油气潜力可与我国典型的煤成油气盆地相媲美,而富氢有机相的生烃潜力更高。但由于东濮凹陷上古生界热演化程度的差异,各个区块油气生成可能存在较大差异,毛4井区成熟度低,油气产率低;庆古2井区Rmax在1.0%左右,处于液态烃类生成高峰期,煤成油产率较高,文古1井区处于成熟–高熟区,有较高的煤成气产率,但仍未达煤成气产率的高峰;南部马古5井处于高过成熟,具有较高的煤成气潜力,但由于南部遭受岩浆作用的影响,其煤成气潜力需要评估岩浆作用影响的程度。 相似文献
12.
Sorption results obtained with Boom clay for Am, Pu, Eu, Tc and Np under near in-situ conditions are presented, and the significance ofKd values in Boom clay is discussed. Clay humic acids are shown to be a controlling factor in the sorption of Am, Eu, Np.
Results with Tc and Pu are different and need further examination. Experiments to determine the mobility of light molecular weight organic material in compacted Boom clay is discussed. 相似文献
13.
运用电感耦合等离子质谱（ICP-MS）、冷蒸汽原子吸收光谱（CV-AAS）、显微镜光度计和煤化学等方法,对江苏徐州大屯矿区张双楼12-1号钻孔腐泥煤（太原组17号煤层）和龙固煤矿腐植煤（太原组21号煤层）的煤岩煤质和微量元素特征进行研究。结果显示,徐州大屯矿区腐泥煤中藻类体含量很高,是典型的藻煤,其挥发份产率和氢含量是腐植煤的1.5倍;腐泥煤的Sr/Ba为1.43,腐植煤为0.48,揭示该腐泥煤是在比较开阔的海水中形成的;腐泥煤和腐植煤中的不相容元素在原始地幔标准化曲线上具有一致的Pb显著富集、Ti显著亏损的分布特征,其稀土元素丰度球粒陨石标准化曲线形态相似,均显示轻稀土富集、重稀土相对亏损的特征;腐泥煤中Ce和Eu元素未发生价态变化,腐植煤中Eu显示负异常。 相似文献
14.
腐泥煤变质系列的红外光谱和X衍射特征 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
对淄博、滕县两煤田不同煤级与腐植煤共生的腐泥煤系列进行了对比研究。红外光谱特征为：反映芳环－Ｃ＝Ｃ－键伸缩和弯曲振动的１６００ｃｍ－１峰的吸收值都小于共生腐植煤；反映芳烃ＣＨ基团面外弯曲振动的８８０ｃｍ－１峰只在腐植煤中出现，而８１０ｃｍ－１峰的吸收值全部高于腐植煤；两次出现了在腐植煤中从未出现过的８１０ｃｍ－１＞７５０ｃｍ－１的情况；芳烃结构指数＞０８，而腐植煤则全部＜０８。Ｘ线衍射结果：ＬＣ都随煤化作用的进行逐渐增大，在Ｃｄａｆ为９２％±达峰值，然后又逐渐变小；两个系列相比，全都是腐泥煤较大；Ｌａ都随煤化作用的进行逐渐增大，大部分腐植煤比腐泥煤的大；ｄ（００２）都随煤化作用的进行逐渐变小，两个系列相比都是腐泥煤的较小。 相似文献
15.
16.
沐川黄丹石英砂岩加工玻璃工业用石英砂试验研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了给四川沐川黄丹石英砂岩加工玻璃工业用石英砂提供科学依据,根据有害杂质Al2O3,Fe2O3等主要以粘土矿物以及黄铁矿细小颗粒赋存于矿石中的特点,开展了选矿提纯试验研究,通过手选、机械擦洗、棒磨擦洗和浮选等多种提纯加工方案对比试验,发现机械擦洗最具潜力;优化后的机械擦洗提纯加工工艺,具有高效、环保、简单等优点,可称之为高效擦洗工艺,其工艺参数为:擦洗转速1500r/min,擦洗矿浆浓度55%,擦洗时间15min～30min,擦洗助剂用量500g/t～1000g/t;采用高效擦洗工艺,能够加工符合浮法玻璃工业用石英砂技术指标要求的石英砂,其化学成分w(B)是:SiO299.047%,Al2O30.485%,Fe2O30.049%。 相似文献
17.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(10):1178-1182
One of the geochemical peculiarities of germanium is its predominant concentration in thin seams and intercalations of coal. An analysis of the distribution of germanium in the Paleozoic coals of the Ukraine demonstrates an inverse relationship between germanium content and seam thickness. The extraction of germanium from solutions depends on the time of its active interaction with humic material. This process has been influenced by the rate of peat accumulation in the thickness of the coal seam. This relationship may be used as a criterion in exploration and assessment of germanium-bearing coals —Authors. 相似文献
18.
Coal mine restoration projects increase public perception of mining companies. Spain has relatively few examples of completed
opencast mine rehabilitation projects. This study seeks to obtain the use of mine spoils from coal mines in Teruel. The studied
mine spoils may be used as raw material for the Spanish ceramic industry, located in the provinces of Castellon, Valencia
and Teruel. This study specifically discusses the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous materials
from coal deposits in Estercuel basin, around Teruel and Castellon in Spain. These provinces have a large ceramic industry.
A characterization of mine spoils from coal deposits has been carried out. This characterization is based on the data of both
mineral and chemical analysis. The mineralogical characterization was complemented with SEM/EDAX. The study of the chemical
composition allows the evaluation of the applicability of the studied mine spoils to the following industries: refractory,
fine clay, red clay for pavement and coating, and heavy clay. The clay used for refractory industry has the highest compositional
demand. The positive results obtained on this set of preliminary tests lead us to envisage new research programs, focusing
on testing these mine spoils on a semi-industrial scale. 相似文献
19.
Different studies have already pointed out the influence of clays during the analysis of pure organic compounds (especially alkanols, alkanoic acids) as well as macromolecules (humic acids) by flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (PyGC–MS). Especially, the occurrence of clay minerals favors the generation of aromatic units such as alkylbenzenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. So as to better identify the nature of the organic compounds which are sensitive to the presence of clays during flash pyrolysis, a humic acid mixed in variable proportions of a Na-homoionic clay was tested. The smectite/humic acid mixtures containing from 10% to 100% humic acid allowed us to identify the progressive disappearance or appearance of specific compounds after PyGC–MS.n-Alk-1-enes disappear when the clay proportion is higher than 67%. For higher contents of Na-smectite, n-alkanes become less and less abundant with a preferential consumption of high molecular weight n-alkanes, whereas the aromatic hydrocarbon proportion increases. Moreover, the distribution of each aromatic hydrocarbon family (alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes) has been investigated. The pyrogram of pure humic acid exhibits a specific distribution of alkylbenzenes and alkylnaphthalenes reflecting the structure of the organic macromolecule. With the increase in clay proportion, these distributions are modified and lead to other distributions with a preferential predominance of thermally stable isomers.Pyrograms of humic acid and undecanoic acid in the presence of 90% of Na-smectite are similar, especially concerning alkylbenzene and alkylnaphthalene distributions. Therefore, clays (Na-smectite in our experiments) in high proportion modify initial organic products by recombination reactions and lead to the generation of new compounds of very similar distribution, whatever the nature of the initial organic matter. Such results underline the very important catalytic properties of clay minerals on functionalized organic matter during flash pyrolysis. 相似文献
20.
Jean-Paul Boudou Bernard Durand Jean-Louis Oudin 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(10):2005-2010
The Mahakam delta (Kalimantan, Indonesia) coals represent all the evolution stages between freshly-deposited plant/peat material, lignites and bituminous coals. The geochemical techniques used to study this coal series included elemental analysis, extraction of humic compounds, infrared spectroscopy and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance of the total coal.The main mechanisms of early maturation in this series are loss of oxygenated compounds, aromatisation and condensation of the organic matter. These changes, which have already been suggested for other coal series and partially reported for sedimentary organic matter, were confirmed and described in more detail for the Mahakam coal series. 相似文献