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1.
The study area is located in the Ahar region, NW Iran. Volcanic rocks of Eocene cover major parts of the area, within which granitic-granodioritic intrusive bodies of Oligocene intruded and produced hydrothermal alterations and Cu-Au mineralization. This paper aims to explore anomalies of base metals and related elements across the region based on systematic sampling of stream sediments and using the secondary geochemical halos. In this regard, by taking into account factors such as stratigraphy, lithology, tectonics and the topologic center of the drainage system, 620 samples were taken from stream sediments and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) method.All the distinguished anomalies correlate well with Oligocene granitic-granodioritic rocks and the related hydrothermal alterations occurred within the Eocene andesitic-basaltic volcanics, especially at the NE part of the quadrangle, as well as with alterations within trachy-andesitic and andesitic volcanics of Pliocene at the SE part of the quadrangle, where epithermal gold and Pb-Zn mineralization is found. Most of he studied elements also show moderate to strong anomalies over the Sonajil porphyry-type Cu mineralization. Copper, and to some extent Mo, as well as Pb, Zn, Sn, W, As and Sb are the best examples of this association. Bismuth has more limited anomalies across the region, showing correlation with the granitoid intrusion at the east of Ahar and the hydrothermal alterations within the Pliocene andesitic and basaltic rocks at SE of Ahar quadrangle which, considering the presence of epithermal gold and Pb-Zn veins in both areas, can be attributed to epithermal processes. However, anthropogenic pollutions are also found for As, Fe, V, Ti, Ni and Co downstream the urban and rural areas. In this regard, besides the Sonajil area, where porphyry-type Cu mineralization is discovered, the NE and SE parts of the quadrangle present promising areas for further investigations.  相似文献   

2.
早白垩世岩浆活动对辽东半岛五龙地区金矿形成可能具有明显的制约作用,并可能为含金流体提供了热源及动力.五龙金矿南、北早白垩世三股流岩体和五龙背岩体角闪石-斜长石温压计计算结果表明,这2个岩体角闪石结晶温度为640.8~757.4 ℃,对应岩浆的侵位深度为5.9~9.7 km.角闪石TiO2-Al2O3图解表明,三股流和五龙背岩体岩浆源区为壳幔混源.三股流和五龙背岩体侵位深度的差异表明,晚白垩世晚期至早始新世和晚始新世至渐新世五龙地区发生的两期强烈的差异性隆升和剥露过程使五龙岩体、三股流岩体及五龙背岩体在研究区大面积出露,含金矿脉随着区域性隆升到达近地表.考虑到辽东半岛与胶东半岛的相似构造背景,认为五龙地区具有进一步金矿勘探的价值.   相似文献   

3.
山东招掖金矿带内花岗岩与金矿化关系探讨   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  
以花岗岩类及脉岩类的精确定年结果为基础,结合区内金矿床地质特征和近年来研究新进展,探讨了花岗岩类侵入与金矿化之间的空间、时间和成因关系。尽管区内花岗石类侵入体与金矿床间存在密切的窨及时间关系。但它们之间并不存在直接的成因联系,即这些金矿床并不是岩浆热液矿床。花岗石类侵入体和脉岩类的侵位通道和先存韧性剪切带是贯通深部流体的导矿构造,有利于深部成矿流体和上升和流体循环;花岗岩类与围岩的接触带及其内部断  相似文献   

4.
This paper presents a review of hydrothermal alteration and K–Ar age data from the Toyoha‐Muine area (TMA), where the Toyoha polymetallic (Ag–Pb–Zn–Cu–In) deposit is located near the Pliocene andesitic volcano that formed Mt Muine. Systematic prospect‐scale mapping, sampling, X‐ray analysis and microscopic observation show that hydrothermal alteration is divided into two groups: acid‐pH and neutral‐pH alteration types. The former is further divided into mineral assemblages I, II and III, while the latter into mineral assemblages IV and V. Different mineralogical features in five mineral assemblages are summarized as follows: (I) Quartz (silicified rock); (II) Pyrophyllite or dickite; (III) Kaolinite or halloysite ± alunite; (IV) Sericite or K‐feldspar; and (V) Interstratified minerals (illite/smectite and chlorite/smectite) and/or smectite. K–Ar radiometric ages determined on twenty‐eight K‐bearing samples (whole volcanic rocks and separated hydrothermal minerals) mainly fall into one of three periods: Early Miocene (24.6–21.4 Ma), Middle–Late Miocene (12.5–8.4 Ma) and Pliocene–Pleistocene (3.2–0 Ma). These three periods are characterized as follows. Early Miocene: A minor hydrothermal activity, which might be genetically related to the intermediate or felsic magmatic activities, formed mineral assemblage IV at 24.6 Ma in the northern part of the TMA. Middle to Late Miocene: The basaltic intrusion, andesitic eruption, and granodiorite intrusions induced hydrothermal activities between 12.5 and 8.4 Ma, resulting in the formation of a mineral assemblage IV with some base metal mineralization. Pliocene–Pleistocene: An andesitic eruption formed Mt Muine between 3.2 and 2.9 Ma. The andesitic activity was associated with acid‐pH mineral assemblages I, II and III locally around the volcano. Latent magmatic intrusions subsequent to the andesitic eruption generated hydrothermal activities that formed mineral assemblages IV and V between 1.9 and 0 Ma in the southern and southeastern parts of Toyoha deposit at depth, overprinting the Middle to Late Miocene alteration. The hydrothermal activities also formed mineral assemblages I, II and III along the Yunosawa fault (east of the Toyoha deposit) and assemblage III in the south and southeast of the Toyoha deposit near the surface.  相似文献   

5.
The epithermal El Peñon gold–silver deposit consists of quartz–adularia veins emplaced within a late Upper Paleocene rhyolitic dome complex, located in the Paleocene–Lower Eocene Au–Ag belt of northern Chile. Detailed K–Ar and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology on volcano–plutonic rocks and hydrothermal minerals were carried out to constrain magmatic and hydrothermal events. The Paleocene to Lower Eocene magmatism in the El Peñon area is confined to a rhomb-shaped basin, which was controlled by N–S trending normal faults and both NE- and NW-trending transtensional fault systems. The earliest products of the basin-filling sequences comprise of Middle to Upper Paleocene (～59–55 Ma) welded rhyolitic ignimbrites and andesitic to dacitic lavas, with occasional dacitic dome complexes. Later, rhyolitic and dacitic dome complexes (～55–52 Ma) represent the waning stages of volcanism during the latest Upper Paleocene and the earliest Eocene. Lower Eocene porphyry intrusives (～48–43 Ma) mark the end of the magmatism in the basin and a change to a compressive tectonomagmatic regime. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of hydrothermal adularia from the El Peñon deposit yields ages between 51.0±0.6 and 53.1±0.5 Ma. These results suggest that mineralization occurred slightly after the emplacement of the El Peñon rhyolitic dome at 54.5±0.6 Ma (40Ar/39Ar age) and was closely tied to later dacitic–rhyodacitic bodies of 52 to 53 Ma (K–Ar ages), probably as short-lived pulses related to single volcanic events.  相似文献   

6.
New field, geochronological, geochemical and biostratigraphical data indicate that the central and northern parts of the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes of Ecuador comprise two terranes. The older (Pallatanga) terrane consists of an early to late (?) Cretaceous oceanic plateau suite, late Cretaceous marine turbidites derived from an unknown basaltic to andesitic volcanic source, and a tectonic mélange of probable late Cretaceous age. The younger (Macuchi) terrane consists of a volcanosedimentary island arc sequence, derived from a basaltic to andesitic source. A previously unidentified, regionally important dextral shear zone named the Chimbo-Toachi shear zone separates the two terranes. Regional evidence suggests that the Pallatanga terrane was accreted to the continental margin (the already accreted Cordillera Real) in Campanian times, producing a tectonic mélange in the suture zone. The Macuchi terrane was accreted to the Pallatanga terrane along the Chimbo-Toachi shear zone during the late Eocene, probably in a dextral shear regime. The correlation of Cretaceous rocks and accretionary events in the Cordillera Occidental of Ecuador and Colombia remains problematical, but the late Eocene event is recognised along the northern Andean margin.  相似文献   

7.
The Kuril islands constitute a volcanic island arc-trench system,stretching from eastern Hokkaido(Japan)to Kamchatka(Russia) along the northwestern Pacific subduction system.The current arc consists of several volcanic islands mainly with Neogene basement and capped by several,predominantly andesitic,active subduction stratovolcanoes.Kunashir Island is the southwestern-most island of the arc,just off the Hokkaido coast and represents the study area in this paper.The island is composed of a Lower Complex of mainly late Miocene to Pliocene volcanic rocks,covered by an Upper Complex of younger(basaltic)andesitic lava flows and tuffs on which currently four active volcanic edifices are built.In the Lower Complex sub-volcanic and deeper-seated intrusives of the so-called Prasolov and Dokuchaev magmatic complexes are found.More differentiated,tonalitic-granodioritic rocks were collected from these small intrusive bodies.An early Oligocene zircon LA-ICP-MS U/Pb age of 31 Ma for the Prasolov Complex was obtained,showing that the basement of Kunashir Island is older than previously thought.Thermochronometry(apatite fission-track and U-Th-Sm/He and zircon U-Th/He analyses) further shows that the magmatic basement of the island was rapidly exhumed in the Pleistocene to present levels in a differential pattern,with He-ages ranging from 1.9 to 0.8 Ma.It is shown that the northern section of the island was hereby exhumed more intensely.  相似文献   

8.
Middle Miocene (11.18–10.65 Ma) low sulfidation‐type epithermal gold mineralization occurred in the Cibaliung area, southwestern part of Java Island, Indonesia. It is hosted by andesitic to basaltic andesitic lavas of the Middle Miocene Honje Formation (11.4 Ma) and is covered by Pliocene Cibaliung tuff (4.9 Ma). The exploration estimates mineral resource of approximately 1.3 million tonnes at 10.42 g/t gold and 60.7 g/t silver at a 3 g/t Au cut‐off. This equates to approximately 435,000 ounces of gold and 2.54 million ounces of silver. That resource resulted from two ore shoots: Cibitung and Cikoneng. Studies on ore mineralogy, hydrothermal alteration, geology, fluid inclusion, stable isotopes and age dating were conducted in order to characterize the deposit and to understand a possible mechanism of preservation of the deposit. The ore mineral assemblage of the deposit consists of electrum, naumannite, Ag‐Se‐Te sulfide minerals, chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite and galena. Those ore minerals occur in quartz veins showing colloform–crustiform texture. They are enveloped by mixed layer clay illite/smectite zone, which grades into smectite zone outward. The temperature of mineralization revealed by fluid inclusion study on quartz in the veins ranges from 170 and 220°C at shallow and deep level, respectively. The temperature range is in agreement with the temperature deduced from the hydrothermal alteration mineral assemblage including mixed layered illite/smectite and laumontite. The mineralizing fluid is dilute, with a salinity <1 wt% NaCl equivalent and has stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen composition indicating a meteoric water origin. Although the deposit is old enough that it would have been eroded in a tropical island arc setting, the coverage by younger volcanic deposits such as the Citeluk tuff and the Cibaliung tuff most probably prevented this erosion.  相似文献   

9.
The Yangshan gold deposit is a super-large fine-grained disseminated gold deposit located in southern Gansu Province. Its metallogenic age has been determined by using the cathodoluminescence image and ion probe U-Pb dating techniques. It is found that zircons from quartz veinlet of the fine-grained disseminated gold ore show characters of magmatic origin with prism idiomorphism, oscillatory zoning and dominant Th/U ratios of 0.5-1.5. Three main populations of zircons are obtained, giving average 206Pb/238U ages of 197.6±1.7 Ma, 126.9±3.2 Ma and 51.2±1.3 Ma respectively. The first age corresponds to the K-Ar age of the plagiogranite dike, while the latter two ages indicate that buried Cretaceous and Tertiary intrusives exist in the orefield, suggesting that the Yangshan gold deposit was genetically related to the three magmatic hydrothermal activities. By contrast, zircons from coarse gold-bearing quartz vein in the mining area are much older than the host rock, indicating that the vein was formed ear  相似文献   

10.
关于侵入岩体中金矿床成因研究若干问题的讨论   总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9  
莫测辉  王秀璋 《地质论评》1997,43(2):139-147
各时代、不同类型侵入岩中的金矿床是金矿的主要类型。关于金矿床与岩体的成因关系目前尚存在不同的看法，但传统的岩浆热液成因观点仍居统治地位，其原因往往在于不少研究者把岩液热液成因当成了固定模式应用于具体矿床的研究，而不是建立在综合研究的基础之上。本文结合近年来金矿的研究进展，强调侵入岩中金矿床的研究的研究要综合考虑成岩成矿的时代与时差，成矿流体和成矿物质的来源等各方面因素。金矿床定年的进展研究表明，矿  相似文献   

11.
Volcanic rocks from the Gümü?hane area in the southern part of the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey) consist mainly of andesitic lava flows associated with tuffs, and rare basaltic dykes. The K-Ar whole-rock dating of these rocks range from 37.62?±?3.33 Ma (Middle Eocene) to 30.02?±?2.84 Ma (Early Oligocene) for the andesitic lava flows, but are 15.80?±?1.71 Ma (Middle Miocene) for the basaltic dykes. Petrochemically, the volcanic rocks are dominantly medium-K calc-alkaline in composition and show enrichment of large ion lithophile elements, as well as depletion of high field strength elements, thus revealing that volcanic rocks evolved from a parental magmas derived from an enriched mantle source. Chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns of the volcanic rocks are concave upwards with low- to-medium enrichment (LaCN/LuCN?=?3.39 to 12.56), thereby revealing clinopyroxene- and hornblende-dominated fractionations for andesitic-basaltic rocks and tuffs, respectively. The volcanic rocks have low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70464 to 0.70494) and εNd(i) values (+1.11 to +3.08), with Nd-model ages (TDM) of 0.68 to 1.02 Ga, suggesting an enriched lithospheric mantle source of Proterozoic age. Trace element and isotopic data, as well as the modelling results, show that fractional crystallization and minor assimilation played an important role in the evolution of the volcanic rocks studied. The Eocene to Miocene volcanism in the region has resulted from lithospheric delamination and the associated convective thinning of the mantle, which led to the partial melting of the subduction-metasomatized lithospheric mantle.  相似文献   

12.
The Sorkhe‐Dizaj iron oxide–apatite deposit in the Cenozoic Alborz‐Azarbaijan magmatic belt, NW Iran, is hosted mainly by a Late Eocene to Oligocene quartz‐monzonitic body, and subordinately in the Eocene volcanic and volcanoclastic sequences. The Sorkhe‐Dizaj intrusive body is an I‐type granitoid of the calc‐alkaline series. Mineralization is associated with actinolization, K‐feldspar, sericitic, propylitic, and tourmaline alteration types. The orebodies are massive, banded, stockwork, and breccia in shape and occur mainly along the fault zones within the quartz‐monzonitic intrusion, volcanic, and volcanoclastic rocks. Ore minerals dominantly comprise magnetite, apatite, and monazite, as well as minor amounts of chalcopyrite, bornite, and pyrite. Four major paragenetic stages are discriminated in the mineralization including early, oxide, sulfide, and late stage. The Sorkhe‐Dizaj deposit is similar in the aspects of host rock lithology, alteration, and mineralogy to the Kiruna‐type deposits associated with minor Cu sulfide minerals. Spatial and temporal association of the mineralization with the Late Eocene–Early Oligocene quartz‐monzonite intrusive body suggests that the ore fluid was probably related to magmatic activity.  相似文献   

13.
The Sonajil intrusive is located about 60 km southeast of Ahar, in Azarbaijan province in northwestern Iran, and is intruded into by andesitic trachytic Eocene pyroclastics and agglomerate. To the center, the stock is hydrothermally altered, that contains sub-economic copper mineralization. The 1,248 cells with 100?×?100 m grid were sampled, and measurement of elements by ICP-MS method and major oxides included by X-ray fluorescence method was performed. After statistical interpretations, geochemical anomalies and indices alteration (sericitization, alkali, Spitz–Darling, chloritization, Hashimoto, Hashiguchi) were calculated, and their map distribution was prepared. Based on these maps and other interpretations of data, our study indicated that despite the anomaly of copper and other elements such as gold, molybdenum, lead, arsenic and antimony of not being quite consistent, almost all of them are within the alteration zones.  相似文献   

14.
The Kutai Basin occupies an area of extensive accommodation generated by Tertiary extension of an economic basement of mixed continental/oceanic affinity. The underlying crust to the basin is proposed here to be Jurassic and Cretaceous in age and is composed of ophiolitic units overlain by a younger Cretaceous turbidite fan, sourced from Indochina. A near complete Tertiary sedimentary section from Eocene to Recent is present within the Kutai Basin; much of it is exposed at the surface as a result of the Miocene and younger tectonic processes. Integration of geological and geophysical surface and subsurface data-sets has resulted in re-interpretation of the original facies distributions, relationships and arrangement of Tertiary sediments in the Kutai Basin. Although much lithostratigraphic terminology exists for the area, existing formation names can be reconciled with a simple model explaining the progressive tectonic evolution of the basin and illustrating the resulting depositional environments and their arrangements within the basin. The basin was initiated in the Middle Eocene in conjunction with rifting and likely sea floor spreading in the Makassar Straits. This produced a series of discrete fault-bounded depocentres in some parts of the basin, followed by sag phase sedimentation in response to thermal relaxation. Discrete Eocene depocentres have highly variable sedimentary fills depending upon position with respect to sediment source and palaeo water depths and geometries of the half-graben. This contrasts strongly with the more regionally uniform sedimentary styles that followed in the latter part of the Eocene and the Oligocene. Tectonic uplift documented along the southern and northern basin margins and related subsidence of the Lower Kutai Basin occurred during the Late Oligocene. This subsidence is associated with significant volumes of high-level andesitic–dacitic intrusive and associated volcanic rocks. Volcanism and uplift of the basin margins resulted in the supply of considerable volumes of material eastwards. During the Miocene, basin fill continued, with an overall regressive style of sedimentation, interrupted by periods of tectonic inversion throughout the Miocene to Pliocene.  相似文献   

15.
The use of ASTER data and fieldwork supported by mineralogical and geochemical analyses enabled exploration of new gold occurrences in the alteration zones in the ultramafic–mafic successions at the Barramiya district. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) band ratios (4/8, 4/2 and 8/9 in R, G and B channels, respectively) helped in recognising of two listwaenite alteration zones (areas 1 and 2) promising for gold in the north-east and south-east of the Barramiya gold mine. Mineralogical studies and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that areas 1 and 2 are characterized by variable concentrations of talc, ankerite, magnesite, quartz and calcite. Ore microscope studies revealed the sulphide minerals carry gold within these alteration zones; moreover, goethite and malachite are also observed. Fire assay results show Au contents in the range of 5.04 ppm in the graphite schist, 4.02 ppm in the quartz veins and 3.76 ppm in the listwaenite alteration. The atomic absorption analysis (AAS) of samples from area 1 yields an average Au content in the quartz-veins of 2.4 ppm, Ag content is 8.0 ppm and Cu content is 2.4 wt%. The listwaenite alteration gives an average Au content of 4.4 ppm and a Cu content of 2.8 wt%. In area 2, the AAS of the quartz-veins revealed an average Au content of 2.6 ppm, 6.2 ppm Ag and 1.9 wt% Cu. The listwaenite alterations of area 2 grade 3.5 ppm Au and 2.4 wt% of Cu. The Barramiya District is made up of ophiolitic ultramafic belts of serpentinites, talc carbonates and talc graphite schists, mainly thrust over the metavolcanic sequences. They include highly strained and tectonised parts enriched in sulphides, iron oxides and carbonates, with developed listwaenite alterations along the thrust contacts. Gabbro and granitic intrusions were intruded in the ultramafics and metavolcanic rocks. ASTER data are an accurate and helpful tool for detecting and mapping alteration zones for gold exploration.  相似文献   

16.
北祁连山白山子花岗闪长岩成岩时代   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  
寒山大型金矿是近年来在北祁连山西段发现的与侵人岩有关的构造蚀变岩型金矿。笔者首次利用锆石U-Pb方法测得白山子花岗闪长岩的形成年龄为370±25 Ma，属于华力西期。寒山金矿的成矿主要在213.95~339 Ma间。在多期热液叠加，多期成矿作用中，早期成矿的热液很可能是白山子花岗闪长岩（370±25 Ma) ,寒山辉长岩(347.1±6. 4 Ma）共同提供的。由于该区有较多的中酸性岩体存在，它们可能为金的主要来源，因而，确定这些侵入体的形成年龄，对于在该区寻找蚀变岩型金矿不仅有重要的理论意义，而且有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

17.
The Haenam–Jindo area, located on the southwestern margin of the Korean Peninsula, was the site of vigorous volcanic activity during the Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary periods. Large parts of the area record strong hydrothermal alteration, and there exist many clay–alunite and gold–silver deposits. We undertook potassium–argon (K–Ar) age dating of five mineral samples (including adularia, sericite and alunite) from the Eunsan, Moisan and Gasado epithermal gold–silver deposits in this area. The purities of the samples were confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The K–Ar ages of adularia from the Eunsan deposit and adularia and sericite from the Moisan deposit (related to gold–silver mineralization) are 75.0 ± 1.6, 74.7 ± 1.6 and 75.1 ± 1.6 Ma, respectively. The similarity of these ages, combined with the close proximity and similar geochemical characteristics of the deposits, indicates that the mineralization occurred as part of a single hydrothermal system. The K–Ar ages of alunite at the surface and adularia at depth within the Gasado deposit are 82.2 ± 1.9 and 70.7 ± 1.9 Ma, respectively, revealing that the clay–alunite and gold–silver mineralization formed at different ages. K–Ar age data indicate that the gold–silver mineralization in this area occurred mainly at 75–70 Ma, resulting from hydrothermal activity in the Haenam–Jindo area (82–70 Ma). This is the first time that the mineralization of precious metals in Korea has been identified during this period.  相似文献   

18.
Micropalaeontological investigation of samples from Scott Reef No. 1 has revealed a thick Cainozoic carbonate sequence. Rich planktonic faunas have enabled the identification of Lower Miocene to Oligocene (N6 to P19) and Lower Eocene to Lower Palaeocene intervals (P6 to Pic). The remainder of the succession has been dated on benthonic evidence and spot age‐determinations on isolated planktonic occurrences. The palaeoenvironmental history of the Cainozoic sequence appears to be regressive from a bathyal situation in the Palaeocene through indeterminate marine Eocene, bathyal to inner shelf Oligocene to Middle Miocene, to reefal conditions which have persisted from the Middle Miocene to the present day.  相似文献   

19.
Silcretes on the N.S.W. coast near Ulladulla have long been attributed to. a sub‐basaltic origin, but field evidence is at odds with all variations of the sub‐basaltic hypothesis, and one site shows good evidence that the basalt post‐dates the silcrete. K‐Ar ages averaging 29.7 ± 0.5 Ma from the basalts provide a minimum age for silcrete development in this area. Furthermore, the K‐Ar dates, together with evidence for an erosional rather than tectonic origin of the coastal lowland, demonstrate that the adjacent tablelands reached their present elevation prior to the mid‐Oligocene.  相似文献   

20.
The vein system in the Arinem area is a gold‐silver‐base metal deposit of Late Miocene (8.8–9.4 Ma) age located in the southwestern part of Java Island, Indonesia. The mineralization in the area is represented by the Arinem vein with a total length of about 5900 m, with a vertical extent up to 575 m, with other associated veins such as Bantarhuni and Halimun. The Arinem vein is hosted by andesitic tuff, breccia, and lava of the Oligocene–Middle Miocene Jampang Formation (23–11.6 Ma) and overlain unconformably by Pliocene–Pleistocene volcanic rocks composed of andesitic‐basaltic tuff, tuff breccia and lavas. The inferred reserve is approximately 2 million tons at 5.7 g t?1 gold and 41.5 g t?1 silver at a cut‐off of 4 g t?1 Au, which equates to approximately 12.5t of Au and 91.4t of Ag. The ore mineral assemblage of the Arinem vein consists of sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite, and arsenopyrite with small amounts of pyrrhotite, argentite, electrum, bornite, hessite, tetradymite, altaite, petzite, stutzite, hematite, enargite, tennantite, chalcocite, and covellite. These ore minerals occur in quartz with colloform, crustiform, comb, vuggy, massive, brecciated, bladed and calcedonic textures and sulfide veins. A pervasive quartz–illite–pyrite alteration zone encloses the quartz and sulfide veins and is associated with veinlets of quartz–calcite–pyrite. This alteration zone is enveloped by smectite–illite–kaolinite–quartz–pyrite alteration, which grades into a chlorite–smectite–kaolinite–calcite–pyrite zone. Early stage mineralization (stage I) of vuggy–massive–banded crystalline quartz‐sulfide was followed by middle stage (stage II) of banded–brecciated–massive sulfide‐quartz and then by last stage (stage III) of massive‐crystalline barren quartz. The temperature of the mineralization, estimated from fluid inclusion microthermometry in quartz ranges from 157 to 325°C, whereas the temperatures indicated by fluid inclusions from sphalerite and calcite range from 153 to 218 and 140 to 217°C, respectively. The mineralizing fluid is dilute, with a salinity <4.3 wt% NaCl equiv. The ore‐mineral assemblage and paragenesis of the Arinem vein is characteristically of a low sulfidation epithermal system with indication of high sulfidation overprinted at stage II. Boiling is probably the main control for the gold solubility and precipitation of gold occurred during cooling in stage I mineralization.  相似文献   

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