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河西走廊干旱荒漠区盐碱化土地修复与调控研究--以石羊河灌区为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
近年来，由于自然因素和人为因素的共同作用，石羊河灌区盐碱化土地面积逐年增加，盐碱化程度不断加深，严重影响到该区国民经济、社会和生态环境的可持续发展。文章分析了造成石羊河灌区盐碱化的自然因素和人为因素．认为自然因素主要是：①．气候干旱，降水稀少，蒸发量强烈；②．水资源量逐年减少；③．地势上位于我国现代地形的第二阶梯，为内陆河流；④．地下水质矿化度高。人为因素是：①．过度开荒，灌区大量超采地下水；②．植被大量减少，加剧了土地盐碱化；③．灌溉技术落后，有灌无排。同时从四个方面探索建立了科学合理的石羊河灌区盐碱化土地综合调控措施：①．水资源合理配置；②．以水盐平衡理论为指导，调控地上水位和盐分的时空分布；③．加强以节水灌溉为核心的灌区配套建设，推广节水防盐的灌水技术；④．扩大牧草种植，逐步实现农业三元结构。 相似文献
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平原县土地总面积1047．32km^2,辖7镇,3乡,2个办事处,1个省级经济开发区,874个行政村,总人口44万,其中农业人口38万,非农业人口6万。平原县耕地总量大,基本农田保护率高,全县共有6．07万hm^2耕地,基本农田5．52万hm^2,保护率达90％,高出法律规定的10个百分点;未利用土地较多,后备资源丰富,全县未利用土地6100hm^2,占土地面积的5．9％, 相似文献
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云南省土地石漠化特征初步研究 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
云南全省石漠化土地面积占国土面积的2．2％。岩溶地区石漠化土地面积占区域国土面积的4．1％，占岩溶面积的7．92％。近25年来石漠化土地面积增长速度约147.5km^2/a。分布特点是：（1）与碳酸盐岩地层的分布相一致，是强岩溶化地区或剧烈水土流失区；（2）岩溶区相对集中连片分布；（3）与区域性新构造运动、地貌演化密切相关；（4）在微地貌及景观方面有地区性特征。主要危害是：（1）植被及土壤同时丧失，土地产出率下降，环境容量减小，最后导致人类及一切生物的生存环境劣变；（2）环境对降雨的调蓄能力差，水资源环境恶化，可有效利用的水资源减少；（3）旱、涝灾、水土流失、泥沙淤积等自然灾害频繁，直接危害人类生命及财产。防治对策是：科学规划、合理开发和调蓄表层岩溶水资源；整治土地，改善土地利用结构；因地制宜培植当地名特优物种，发展生态农业；控制人口数量，提高人口素质；开展生态恢复性建设示范工程；组织系统的调查、实验及工程防治研究工作。 相似文献
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本区自然地理条件比较优越，但北部水土流失严重，中部土壤盐碱化发育，多涝洼成灾，南部土地沙化面积逐年增加。这些灾害直接影响了本区粮食增产和畜牧业的发展，为此本文针对存在的具体问题提出了治理对策。 相似文献
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德州市地处鲁西北平原,土地肥沃,农业历史悠久,水资源条件较好,是全国重要的粮棉生产基地。全市辖11个县（市、区）,560万人口,土地总面积103．53万hm^2,耕地面积62．67万余公顷,人均耕地0．016hm^2。耕地保有量为62．67万hm^2,基本农田面积54．33万hm^2,基本农田保护率为86．1％。 相似文献
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东明县地处鲁西南边缘,黄河南岸。全境系黄河冲积平原,地势平坦。全县辖7镇6乡1个开发区,398个行政村,929个自然村,总人口74．9万,其中农业人口59．2万,18．4万户。土地总面积13．75万hm^2,其中耕地面积7．63万hm^2,农村居民点面积12．53万hm^2,人均面积0．02hm^2, 相似文献
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四川盆地紫色土丘陵区水土流失及防治对策 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
四川盆地丘陵区是该省水土流失最严重的地区。也是该地区生态环境恶化、自然灾害频繁、农村经济落后、人民生活贫穷的重要原因。文章根据四川盆地丘陵区水土流失面积大、强度高的特征及其致害因素，探讨了水土流失原因。水土流失破坏生态环境及耕地资源，淤积江河湖库，加剧水旱洪涝灾害，造成土壤肥力下降，土壤蓄水抗旱能力降低。由此提出了一些相应的防治措施——加强生态环境建设，整治坡面水系，搞好农田基本建设，强化人口／管理等，从而使水土流失得到控制，生态环境得到改善。加强对紫色砂页岩丘陵区的治理，合理开发利用土地，提高土地利用率和生产率，不仅利于四川盆地丘陵区的经济发展，而且对改善长江上游乃至整个长江流域的生态环境也具有重大的现实意义。 相似文献
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江苏省如东县地处沿海,全县土地面积18．93万hm^2(不含滩涂面积),耕地面积10．2万hm^2,人均耕地0．09hm^2,粘土是该县目前唯一可以开采利用的矿产资源。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献