共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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为探索珍珠培育的新途径 ,提高珍珠养殖的经济效益 ,利用马氏珠母贝(PinctadamartensiiDunker)进行第二次插核育珠 ,结果表明 :二次插核珠的珍珠层6个月就达418μm±105μm ,明显高于对照组 ,且优质珍珠的产生率达40% ,育珠贝的存活率达95% ,在每只贝插一珠核的情况下留核率仍高达0.95 ,二次插核对马氏珠母贝的重复利用率为34%。因此 ,马氏珠母贝二次插核培育珍珠技术 ,能重复利用贝体 ,缩短育珠期 ,提高珍珠的产量和质量。 相似文献
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企鹅珍珠贝游离珠培育技术的初步研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
2006 年 5 - 12 月,在广东省、湛江市、徐闻县芳华珍珠养殖场,采用贝龄 2 ～ 4 a 的企鹅珍珠贝作植核贝,以 1 ～ 3 a 贝作小片贝,进行游离珍珠培育试验.结果表明,植核母贝经 15 ～ 40 d 的术前处理,成活率为 95.33 % ～ 97.00 %;施术贝经过 6 个月培育后,吐核率为 63.00 % ～ 71.88 %,死亡率为 26.17 % ～ 35.00 %,成珠率为 1.95 % ～ 3.33 %.企鹅珍珠贝合适的植核母贝为 2 ～ 3 龄贝,小片贝为 1 ～ 2 龄贝. 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2016,(5)
本研究设立了3个实验分别比较了珠核规格、植核数量和蚌龄对三角帆蚌Hyriopsis cumingii外套膜植核培育有核珍珠的影响。珠核规格分别为5.0mm、6.0mm、7.0mm和8.0mm,每蚌外套膜植核数量分别为10、14和18粒,蚌龄分别为2、3和4龄。育珠蚌休养期为30天,育珠期为36个月,实验结束后比较各组育珠蚌的成活率、成珠率和优质珠率的差异。结果表明,育珠蚌的成活率、成珠率和优质珠率随着珠核的增大、数量的增多以及育珠蚌年龄的增加而降低,植入珠核直径5.0mm的育珠贝具有最高的成活率、成珠率与优质珠率(86.5%、94.0%和38.0%),植入珠核直径8.0mm的育珠贝具有最低的成活率、成珠率与优质珠率(75.0%、69.7%和20.6%),每蚌外套膜植入10粒珠核的育珠蚌成活率、成珠率和优质珠率最高(88.0%、88.0%和27.0%),18粒最低(70.5%、64.0%和15.0%),蚌龄2龄的育珠蚌成活率、成珠率和优质珠率最高(88.0%、85.0%和26.0%),4龄最低(70.5%、70.0%和16.0%)。本研究结果说明,三角帆蚌外套膜植核合适珠核规格为5~6mm,每蚌植核数量为10粒,蚌龄为2~3龄。 相似文献
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据1990年11月至1991年8月间调查资料，提出刘公岛水域内叶绿素－a含量的时空分布和初级生产力的分布与变化。指出此分布与该水域温度和营养盐含量密切相关。叶绿素－a含量以春季最高，冬季次之，秋季稍低，夏季最低。年变幅为0．21～2．45mg／m3，年平均值为1．02mg／m3。初级生产力以夏季最高，春季次之，秋季略低，冬季最低，年变幅为33．40～512．72mg·c／m2·d，年平均值为181．15mg·c／m2·d。 相似文献
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珍珠生长激素在合浦珠母贝育珠中的作用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以合浦珠母贝Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａ ｍａｒｔｅｎｓｉｉ （Ｄｕｎｋｅｒ）作为珠母贝进行插核育试验,分别以其左、右边外套膜作为小片,并用珍珠生长激素浸泡小片,两个试验用珍珠生长激素浸光怕小片各插核育珠贝２００个,空白对组用海水浸泡小片插核育珠贝２０７个,育珠时间为６个多月。试验结束时,实验组珍珠的正圆珠率,白色珍珠比例以及珠层厚度在比空白对照组分别提高了９．２８％,２２．５７％和５２μｍ。 相似文献
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三倍体和二倍体合浦珠母贝育珠比较初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用人工诱导培育的三倍体合浦珠母贝Pinctada martensii(D.)进行插核育珠试验,并同处理组内的二倍体同胞进行比较。结果表明:三倍体合浦珠母贝的留核率和正圆珠比率分别为81.0％和58.8％,而二倍体则为71.3％和37.8％;在非正圆珠中两者的污珠率差别不大,但三倍体的尾巴珠和素珠的比率明显低于二倍体;三倍体的正圆珠珍珠层平均厚度和平均重量分别为381μm和163mg,二倍体分别为265μm和105mg,两者差异极显著(P<0.01)。初步表明,利用三倍体合浦珠母贝培育珍珠,能缩短育珠期,提高珍珠的产量和质量。 相似文献
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2011年春夏季黄海和东海微型浮游动物类群组成及其摄食的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了解春夏季黄海和东海微型浮游动物类群及其摄食生态,于2011年春季和夏季在黄海、东海,通过稀释法测定浮游植物生长率及微型浮游动物对浮游植物的摄食率,同时应用显微分析技术研究了微型浮游动物丰度及其类群组成．结果表明：（1）春季,黄海、东海微型浮游动物丰度为1800～21833个／dm3,夏季的为67～6175个／dm3;春季,其微型浮游动物生物量为8．71-60．58ug/dm3,夏季的则为0．44～30．25ug／dm3（其生物量以c含量计）．（2）春季、夏季黄海和东海浮游植物的生长率及其标准偏差分别为0．78±0．35、1．62±0．83d-1,而春季的显著低于夏季（P〈0．05）．春季、夏季其微型浮游动物的摄食率及其标准偏差分别为0．98±0．32、0．92±0．57d-1,无显著性差异（p〉0．05）．春季,微型浮游动物摄食浮游植物现有生物量的61％±13％,占初级生产量的131％±58％;夏季,微型浮游动物摄食浮游植物现有生物量的54％±22％,占初级生产量的70％±44％．春、夏季,黄海和东海微型浮游动物对浮游植物初级生产量的摄食比例较高． 相似文献
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The southern Changjiang River Estuary has attracted considerable attention from marine scientists because it is a highly biologically active area and is biogeochemically significant.Moreover,land-ocean interactions strongly impact the estuary,and harmful algal blooms(HABs) frequently occur in the area.In October 2010 and May 2011,water samples of chromophoric dissolved organic matter(CDOM) were collected from the southern Changjiang River Estuary.Parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC) was used to assess the samples' CDOM composition using excitation-emission matrix(EEM) spectroscopy.Four components were identified:three were humic-like(C1,C2 and C3) and one was protein-like(C4).Analysis based on spatial and seasonal distributions,as well as relationships with salinity,Chl a and apparent oxygen utilization(AOU),revealed that terrestrial inputs had the most significant effect on the three humic-like Components C1,C2 and C3 in autumn.In spring,microbial processes and phytoplankton blooms were also important factors that impacted the three components.The protein-like Component C4 had autochthonous and allochthonous origins and likely represented a biologically labile component.CDOM in the southern Changjiang River Estuary was mostly affected by terrestrial inputs.Microbial processes and phytoplankton blooms were also important sources of CDOM,especially in spring.The fluorescence intensities of the four components were significantly higher in spring than in autumn.On average,C1,C2,C3,C4 and the total fluorescence intensity(TFI) in the surface,middle and bottom layers increased by123%–242%,105%–195%,167%–665%,483%–567% and 184%–245% in spring than in autumn,respectively.This finding corresponded with a Chl a concentration that was 16–20 times higher in spring than in autumn and an AOU that was two to four times lower in spring than in autumn.The humification index(HIX) was lower in spring that in autumn,and the fluorescence index(FI) was higher in spring than in autumn.This result indicated that the CDOM was labile and the biological activity was intense in spring. 相似文献
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On the basis of the four-season investigation in 23°30′~33°N and 118°30′~128°E of the East China Sea from 1997 to 2000, the seasonal distribution of Calanus sinicus was studied with aggregation intensity, regression contribution and other statistical methods. It was inferred that C. sinicus’s predominance presented from winter to summer, especially in spring and summer, because its dominance amounted to 0.62 and 0.29 respectively. The percent of its abundance in copepod abundance was 76.71% in summer, greater than 66.60% in spring, greater than 19.02% in winter, greater than 4.02% in autumn. The occurrence frequency in winter and spring was 83.08% and 93.89%, higher than that in summer and autumn, 76.71% and 73.87%. Compared with other dominant species of copepods, C. sinicus’s contribution to the copepod abundance was obviously greater than that of the other species in winter, summer and spring, but smaller in autumn. C. sinicus tended to have an aggregated distribution. The clumping index peaked in summer (50.19), followed in spring (19.60), declined in autumn (13.18) and was the lowest in winter (3.04). The abundance changed in different seasons and areas, relating to temperature but not salinity in spring and autumn, to salinity but not temperature in summer; to neither temperature nor salinity in winter. In spring and summer, its high abundance area was often located in the mixed water mass formed by the Taiwan Warm Current, the Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass, the coastal water masses and the Changjiang Dilute Water. In spring and autumn, its abundance was affected by the warm current, as well as the runoff from continental rivers affected it in summer. It can be inferred that C. sinicus was adapted to wide salinity and temperature, as a euryhalinous and eurythermous species in the East China Sea. 相似文献
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2018?2019年舟山近海浮游动物群落结构春季年际变化及其与水团的关系 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据2018?2019年春季两个航次在舟山近海进行的浮游生物调查结果，对舟山近海的浮游动物群落结构(类群组成、优势种数量)年际变化进行了研究，利用典范对应分析(Canonical Correspondence Analysis, CCA)研究了两年春季浮游动物类群组成差异、优势种变化的原因，初步探讨了春季浮游动物群落结构动态变化的机制。结果表明:根据表层温度(Sea Surface Temperature，SST)、表层盐度(Sea Surface Salinity，SSS)的聚类分析，将该区域分为3个水团:杭州湾内水团(I区)、舟山本岛上升流水团II区)、舟山近海水团(III区)。不同水团对浮游动物类群组成影响显著，引起2018年和2019年春季3个水团区差异的主要贡献种(贡献率>10%)均为中华哲水蚤，同一水团两年间年际差异的贡献种如下:I区为捷氏歪水蚤(56.91%)和真刺唇角水蚤(12.34%)；II区为中华哲水蚤(72.64%)、五角水母(13.35%)；III区为中华哲水蚤(41.93%)、夜光虫(22.94%)。CCA分析表明，第1 CCA轴(CCA1)和第2 CCA轴(CCA2)共解释了两年春季浮游动物优势种累计方差的46.14%和物种?环境累计方差的97.82%。CCA1主要反映了空间(近海水团和湾内水团)的差异。CCA2主要反映了2018年和2019年站位的年际差异。盐度是影响春季浮游动物群落结构空间差异的主要因素，而温度、叶绿素a浓度是春季浮游动物群落结构年际差异的主要因素。 相似文献
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Studies on growth rate and grazing mortality rate by microzooplankton of size-fractionated phytoplankton in spring and summer in the Jiaozhou Bay, China 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
1 Introduction Phytoplankton has been considered as a dom inantprim ary producer in m arine ecosystem s, starting them arine food chain (N ing and V aulot.,2003;Sun etal.,2001; Zhu et al., 2000; N ing and V aulot, 1992). A l-though potentialfates ofphytoplankton include advec-tion,verticalm ixing,sinking and m ortality due to virallysis and grazing (B anse,1994),m ortality due to graz-ing,especially by m icrozooplankton,is generally con- μm m esh to 25-L carboys, then transpo… 相似文献
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The results of the analysis of samples of the Northern Dvina River’s suspended particulate matter obtained by the sedimentation
method from large water volumes in the periods of the spring high water and summer low water are presented. By the method
of sequential leaching using different reagents, four fractions have been separated: the F1 is the sorbed complex and carbonates,
the F2 is the amorphous hydroxides of Fe and Mn, the F3 is the form connected with the organic matter, and the F4 is the residual
or silicate-detrital (inert) form. The data have shown that all ten elements determined were grouped with respect to the ratio
of the distinguished forms: F4 is the predominant form for Al and Fe (73–88% of all the forms; however, the summer sample
contains only 38% of this form of iron, and F2 is the predominant form for this period with 46.6%). As to Mn, the F1, F2,
and F4 are nearly equally distributed in the spring high water samples, and only the F3 form is less important (5.4%). In
the summer sample, the manganese sorbed complex is predominant (53.5%); for Cu, Ni, Cr, and Co, the inert F4 form is predominant
(60–70%) in the sample of the spring suspended matter. The summer low water suspended matter has a lower F4 contribution (25–45%);
for Zn, Pb, and Cd, the equal distribution of the forms in the spring samples is typical, while the summer suspended matter
differs by the F2 form’s predominance (53–61% for Zn and Pb). The main conclusion from the acquired data is that the geochemical
mobility of all the studied elements, except for cadmium, in the summer low water suspended matter is higher than in the spring
suspended matter. The more intensive biogeochemical processes in August, the high level of organic matter, and the higher
contribution of phytoplankton lead to the intensification of the metals’ geochemical activity in the Northern Dvina suspended
matter in the end of the summer compared to the spring high water period when the physical processes are predominant over
the biogeochemical ones due to the high speeds of the freshened waters flow. 相似文献
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春、夏季长江口邻近海域COD分布特征、影响因素及对富营养化的贡献 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据2009年春季(5月)和夏季(8月)对长江口海域的调查监测资料,研究了海水中COD的时空分布特征,并对其污染水平进行了评价,同时分析了COD对海域富营养化的贡献,探讨了化学耗氧有机物的主要来源及与环境因子的关系。结果表明,长江口海域春夏季表层、春夏季底层之间COD均存在显著的差异,春季表层与底层、夏季表层与底层之间COD则无显著差异,春季表、底层COD的平均浓度、最高浓度均小于夏季,平面分布呈由近岸向远海逐渐递减的趋势;夏季研究海域COD污染高于春季;COD对富营养化的贡献范围为39.69%~63.58%,平均贡献为(46.53±4.49)%,贡献随着富营养化指数的增加而减小;陆地径流输入以及陆源排放是COD的主要来源;COD与环境因子均存在一定的相关关系;COD时空分布主要受制于长江冲淡水,对富营养化的贡献主要受营养盐影响,与海底沉积物再悬浮也有一定的联系。 相似文献
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本研究利用三维物理-生物耦合模型模拟了大气氮沉降对南黄海主要初级生产过程的影响,并通过数值实验区分了不同季节大气氮沉降的贡献。模拟结果显示,大气氮沉降明显增大了南黄海表层溶解无机氮的浓度,近岸海域增加量较大,可以达到3.0 mmol/m^3,且由近岸海域到黄海中部海域有明显的递减趋势,这主要是由于近岸海域无机氮来源众多,导致浓度较高,大气沉降的氮不会被浮游植物生长吸收,出现氮累积。大气氮沉降明显促进了黄海中部春季表层水华和夏季次表层叶绿素最大值两个重要初级生产过程,春季表层叶绿素增加量最大,可达0.20 mg/m^3,夏季次表层叶绿素浓度增加最显著,可达0.10 mg/m^3,分别约为峰值浓度的10%和6%。不同季节大气氮沉降对初级生产过程的贡献不同,冬季氮沉降可以存留下来影响春季水华过程,但作用小于春季氮沉降;夏季,由于水体层化较强,本季的氮沉降对次表层叶绿素最大值的促进作用并不明显,反而冬季氮沉降的影响大于春季和夏季的氮沉降。同时,大气氮沉降也促进了氮循环的各个过程,包括浮游植物生长吸收、呼吸释放和矿化过程。 相似文献
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基于Argo数据的吕宋海峡东部海域的会聚区特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用2010-2013年的Argo浮标观测资料,对吕宋海峡东部海域(19°~23°N,123~127°E)的会聚区特征进行综合分析。研究结果如下:(1)吕宋海峡东部海域4个季节表面的声速从大至小依次为夏季、秋季、春季和冬季,夏季最大为1 543.5m/s,冬季最小为1 533.4m/s;混合层深度从大到小依次为冬季、秋季、春季和夏季;(2)采用WOA13气候态数据对声速剖面进行深海延拓,获得全海深的声速剖面,分析4个季节的声道特征。声道轴深度和声速较为稳定,声道轴深度在1 000~1 040m之间,声道轴处的声速为1 482m/s,4个季节的平均声道厚度都超过4 500m,利于会聚区形成;(3)研究区较易发生会聚现象,发生会聚现象概率高于50%的占70.6%;会聚现象的发生概率季节变化明显,春季、冬季极易发生声场的会聚现象,夏季最小;(4)运用RAMGeo声场模型对研究区4个季节的声传播损失进行仿真,分析会聚区的季节变化特征。当声源深度100m,接收深度10m时,第一会聚区,离声源的距离在61~64km左右,夏季离声源最近,春、冬季较远;会聚区宽度上,夏季最宽为10km,春季最窄为4.6km;会聚区增益分布特点与会聚区宽度刚好相反,春季最大为14.6dB,夏季最小为8.5dB。 相似文献
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基于2020年7月特大洪水期间长江口浑浊带南槽、北槽和北港多站位同步实测水沙动力数据,研究了河口浑浊带分粒级输沙时空特征及其对泥沙来源响应的指示意义,结果表明：1）北港和北槽是流域泥沙净向口外输移的主要输沙通道,南槽是海域泥沙净向口内输移的主要输沙通道,主槽内粉砂是主要输沙组分,占比63.2%,口外粉砂和黏土是主要输沙组分,分别占43.2%、40.9%;2）大潮粉砂输运占比高于小潮,黏土输运占比低于小潮,口外测站砂组分在大小潮期间在横沙浅滩和九段沙间沿岸输移,横沙浅滩附近大、小潮离岸输沙分别是北港口外的1.7倍和8倍,不利于横沙浅滩淤涨;3）当前流域减沙高达70%,此次特大洪水期间黏土、粉砂和砂三组分近底净向口内输移为减沙背景下的口外供沙提供了有力的佐证。 相似文献