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1.
海口湾海水重金属的行为特征   总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9  
本文对海口湾溶解态铜、铅、锌、镉进行了测定.铜的变化范围为:0.47~1.16μg/dm3,平均值为0.78μg/dm3;铅的变化范围为:0.94~2.36μg/dm3,平均值为1.36μg/dm3;锌的变化范围为:1.28~4.83μg/dm3,平均值为3.14μg/dm3;镉的变化范围为:0.005~0.072μg/dm3,平均值为0.030μg/dm3,Cu、Zn的溶解态含量在龙昆路生活污水排污沟口、秀英工业排污沟口及海甸溪口的测站相对较高,Pb、Cd溶解态含量较低,湾内各站平面分布较为均匀.它们的溶解态含量垂直变化趋势为:Cu、Pb、Zn底层大于表层,而Cd表层大于底层.对Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的颗粒态含量也进行了测定,指出海口湾海水中的颗粒物对重金属的净化起一定作用.对铜的溶解态中的强络合态和不稳态铜也进行了研究,强络合态占总溶解态的比例均在85%以上,对生物起毒性作用有关的不稳态铜含量很低,均小于5nmol/dm3,表明目前海口湾海水中的重金属铜不会对生物生长产生影响.  相似文献   

2.
利用2006年夏、冬季两个航次采集的长江口、杭州湾及邻近海域表层海水水样,分别采用石墨炉无火焰原子吸收分光光度法和火焰原子吸收分光光度法,测定了海水中溶解态Cu、Pb、Cd、总Cr的含量以及溶解态Zn的含量,研究了该海域表层海水中溶解态Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和总Cr的平面分布状况,结果表明:(1)夏季表层海水中溶解态Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd和总Cr的平均质量浓度分别为0.90、0.54、5.80、0.080和0.46 μg/dm3;冬季则分别为1.01、0.81、9.32、0.070和0.31 μg/dm3,上述重金属元素含量基本达到国家一类海水水质标准,仅夏、冬季Pb的部分站位以及冬季Zn的部分站位达到国家二类海水水质标准.(2)表层海水溶解态Cu、Pb、Zn的质量浓度总体平面分布规律为:冬季高于夏季;Cd和总Cr的质量浓度总体平面分布规律为:夏季高于冬季.(3)影响近岸海域表层海水溶解态重金属分布的因素比较复杂,入海径流和排污口等输入海域的重金属对海水表层的重金属分布具有决定性的作用,同时,盐度、pH值、悬浮颗粒物质、营养盐等也是重要的影响因子.  相似文献   

3.
2007年6月(夏季)和2008年1月(冬季)分别对广东红海湾的汕尾港周边海域35个站位进行了表层海水的采样,在实验室内使用XGY-1011A型原子荧光光度计和HY-1F型多功能极谱仪获得了海水中重金属Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量,研究了其时空变化特征,并采用综合指数法(WQI)评价其污染程度.结果显示:Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的含量范围分别为0.009~0.050、0.9~4.3、0.4~1.4、1.6~19.0、0.1~0.7μg/dm3,平均含量分别为0.025、2.4、0.8、9.4、0.2μg/dm3.该海域表层海水各重金属含量的平面分布总体上呈现以品清湖向汕尾港递减的变化趋势.各站位重金属元素的单项污染指数和综合污染指数(WQI)均小于1,海水受重金属的污染程度较轻微,符合国家二类海水水质标准值的要求.2008年1月(冬季)重金属综合污染指数的平均值(0.17)略大于2007年6月(夏季)的平均值(0.14),海水中重金属污染程度略有加重的趋势.采用多元线性回归方法分析重金属元素含量与环境要素测值的相关程度,相关系数按从大到小的排列顺序大致为:Zn>Cd>Cu>Hg>Pb.  相似文献   

4.
The forms distribution of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in waters of the Northwest Bohai Gulf is investigated by inverse polarography of anti-adsorption physically coated mercury film electrode, the higher content of most forms of trace metals is in polluted estuary water, and unstable Zn and Pb are in anomalous distribution. The average concentrations read ΣZn 20.0μg/1 (14.5-36.6 μg/l, ΣCd 0.11pg/1 (0.080-0.14μg/1), ΣPb 1.0μg/1 (0.58-1.6 μg/1), and ΣCu 5.2μg/1) (2.37-8.43 μ/1) respectively.  相似文献   

5.
为深入了解雷州半岛西北部海湾重金属污染状况,本文对湛江安铺港海域海水和沉积物中汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr) 等7 种重金属元素的含量进行分析,并采用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对沉积物重金属污染进行评价。结果表明:安铺港海域海水Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr 的平均含量分别为0.011 μg/L、0.7 μg/L、2.5 μg/L、0.43 μg/L、10.3 μg/L、0.08 μg/L、0.1 μg/L,所有站位均符合第一类海水水质标准。表层沉积物Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr 的平均含量分别为0.065×10-6、11.7×10-6、12.6×10-6、21.6×10-6、29.3×10-6、0.12×10-6、36.1×10-6,,沉积物中总有机碳(Total Organic Carbon,TOC)的含量与重金属Hg、As、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd 含量均呈显著的正相关关系,说明表层沉积物中重金属的含量受到TOC 的影响。地累积指数法评价结果显示,沉积物重金属Hg 和Cu 表现为轻度污染,而As、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr 表现为无污染。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果显示,安铺港海域各站位重金属潜在生态危害指数(Risk Index,RI) 平均值为179.55,处于中等生态危害,重金属Hg 具有较重的生态危害。  相似文献   

6.
李玉  俞志明  宋秀贤 《海洋科学》2009,33(11):55-59
2003年5月至2004年2月期间,对胶州湾海域进行4个航次的现场调查,根据海洋监测规范对采集水样的pH值、DO、COD、石油、重金属等化学指标进行测定,并对水质现状进行评价.结果表明,2003年5月胶州湾海域DO,COD,石油和Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,总Hg的质量浓度平均值分别为:6.63,1.51,0.038和2.58,24.86,1.05,0.096,0.043 μg/L;2003年8月DO,COD,石油和Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,总Hg的质量浓度平均值分别为:5.61,1.27,0.026和3.9,20.5,0.77,0.13,0.041 μg/L;2003年11月DO,COD,石油和Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,总Hg的质量浓度平均值分别为:7.27,1.86,0.016和4.02,16.55,0.63,0.093,0.06 μg/L;2004年2月DO,COD,石油和Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,总Hg的平均值分别为:10.1,2.38,0.011和3.45,18.18,0.64.0.16,0.051 μg/L.海泊河口和黄岛轮渡水质已接近重污染;重金属Pb和Zn在部分海区受到轻度污杂;有机物污染呈现加重的趋势.  相似文献   

7.
2014年8月和2019年8月分别对大亚湾海水以及表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr的含量进行了两次调查,分析了各重金属元素的含量分布特征、超标情况及其变化趋势。结果表明,海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr在2019年的平均含量分别为0.9、0.8、4.2、0.01、0.33 μg/L,与2014年相比,各重金属元素在大亚湾湾内的含量明显下降。2014年,大亚湾海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr的高值区靠近石化区第1条排污管线排污口所在海域。受石化区第2条排污管线投入使用的影响,2019年海水中Pb、Zn、Cr含量的高值区均位于大亚湾湾口附近,呈现出湾口含量高于湾内的分布特征。表层沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr在2019年的平均含量分别为14.3、31.6、74.4、0.07、27.1 μg/g,与2014年相比,Cd的平均含量明显下降,Cu、Pb、Zn的平均含量出现小幅上升。表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征在两次调查中基本相似,各重金属元素含量均在湾顶的石化区南侧海域较高,这与大亚湾的水动力特征以及陆源输入等因素有关。根据2019年的调查结果,海水中Pb的含量在大亚湾湾口和大鹏澳湾口附近超过第一类海水水质标准,其他元素未出现超标现象。表层沉积物中各重金属元素含量全部符合第一类海洋沉积物标准。  相似文献   

8.
深圳福田白骨壤红树林Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd的累积及分布   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
郑文教  林鹏 《海洋与湖沼》1996,27(4):386-393
于1994年3月,采用样方法分析、探讨深圳福田自然保护区车公庙林区白骨壤红树林重金属Cu,Ph,Zn,Cd元素的累积及分布。结果表明:该林地表层土壤(0—3cm深),Cu,Ph,Zn,Cd的含量分别为383.28.7,1140,0136×10-6,储量分别为5285.40,3960.60,15732.00,18.77mg/m2、植物体各部位Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd含量范围分别为1.81-13.8,0.402-3.51,3.42-69.5,0.013-0295×10-6对表层土壤加权平均富集系数为Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb.该群落Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd现存累积量分别为53.70,19.27,187.89,0.72mg/m2;年净存留累积量分别为4063.91,1318.14,16358.62,60.21μg/m2;林地残留物相应元素的储量分别为2091.18,1958.66,5046.60,19.30μg/m2。该林区不同群落叶层Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd现存累积量为白骨壤林>桐花树林>秋茄林。  相似文献   

9.
海湾扇贝体内重金属含量研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用用微波消解对海湾扇贝样品进行处理,用原子吸收光谱仪测定海湾扇贝合组织中重金属Pd、Cu、Cd、Zn的含量,对重金属含量进行评价,并对海湾扇贝养殖水体进行同步监测。结果表明:Pb、Cu、Cd、Zn在海湾扇贝各组织中的含量不同,Pb、Cu、Cd在内脏中含量最高,Zn在扇贝柱中含量最高,与标准值相比,Pb、Cu在各组织中的含量均符合标准,而Cd在除体液外各组织部位中的含量均超过《无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量》规定的1.0mg/kg标准值,而海湾扇贝养殖水体及沉积物中重金属含量均符合一类海水水质标准。  相似文献   

10.
南日岛海域溶解态Cu、Pb、Cd含量及其与营养盐的关系   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
高淑英  邹栋梁 《台湾海峡》1995,14(2):195-198
本文首次报道了福建南日岛海域溶解态Cu、PB、Cd的含量,探讨了它们与营养盐的关系。1990年5月溶解态Cu、Pb、Cd的平均含量分别为0.84、0.230、0.023μg/dm3;1990年10月分别为0. 78、0.290、0. 033μg/dm3。其5月溶解态Cu与无机氮N(NO3-+NO2-+NH4 )线性回归的相关式为Cu(μg/dm3)=-0. 789+0.328N(μmol/dm3),相关系数r=0.853,原子比△Cu:△N=5.17×10-3:1。  相似文献   

11.
The understanding of the distribution of trace heavy metals in the world ocean has greatlyimProved in the past decades. But most of the data are of vertical profiles of certain stations(Bruland, l980; Paul et al., l992; RObert et al., l990) and large--scale study of temporaland spatial variability of trace heaVy metals in the ocean is rather few. In fact, affected by ver-tical mixing by upwelling or convection, biogenic removal, atmospheric fallout and continentalinput frorn rivers, the dist…  相似文献   

12.
Behavior features of heavy metals in the Haikou Bay waters   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
INThonUCrIONBecause of the discharge of industrial waste water, waste residue, waste gas and acid rain theheavy metals concentration in river and lake and eventually in seawater have been increasing.Therefore many studies on heavy metals innuencing marine ecological environment have beencarried out (Sun et al., 1990; Sunda and Guillard, 1976; Zhu et al., 1992). After entering intothe sea, heavy metals change, transfer and transform, and these processes have gained attentionfrom marine envi…  相似文献   

13.
兴化湾表层海水和沉积物中重金属含量的时空变化特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
蔡榕硕  白娅舒 《台湾海峡》2011,30(3):316-323
根据福建兴化湾2006年12月(冬季)和2007年4月(春季)表层海水以及2007年3月表层沉积物的监测资料,分析了该海域表层海水和沉积物中重金属Cu、Pb、zn、Cd、Hg和As含量的时空变化特征,评价了该海域重金属的污染程度.结果表明:冬季,调查海域表层海水中cu、Pb、zn、cd、Hg、As的含量范围分别为〈0.20~2.42、〈0.03~1.08、〈3.1~16.5、〈0.010—0.043、〈0.007~0.170、0.82~4.00肌g/dm’;春季其含量范围分别为0.91~3.80、0.18~3.40、8.7~36.0、〈0.Ol~0.22、〈0.007~0.063、0.63~1.58~g/dm’.这两季表层海水重金属的测值均低于《海水水质标准(GB3097—1997)》第二类标准值,其中春季cu、Pb、zn、cd含量的均值高于冬季,可能与陆源重金属污染物入海的影响有关.兴化湾表层沉积物中cu、Ph、zn、Cd、Hg和As的含量范围分别为7.60~22.oo、22.4~39.1、54.2~114.0、0.045~0.082、0.020~0.066、5.00~10.20mg/kg,均低于《海洋沉积物质量(GB18668_2002)》的第一类标准值.该湾表层海水和沉积物中重金属含量的平面分布特征呈近岸海域较高.此外,对其历年来监测结果的比较表明,兴化湾表层海水和沉积物中cu和Ph含量的多次监测值较接近,但重金属zn含量的监测值存在着波动现象.  相似文献   

14.
The chemical partitioning of 12 trace metals (Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sc, Sr, U, Zn) in 9 surface sediments from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea, was studied by a four-step sequential extraction technique to assess their environmental/pollution status. The studied metals take on different fraction composition patterns, and some of them show significant spatial variation especially for Cd. A majority of the studied metals can be considered immobile because of their high percentages in the residual fraction. It seems that the Daya Bay surface sediments have not yet been polluted by the studied heavy metals which are used as parameters to classify marine sediment quality, i.e., Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. For all metals except for Pb, the extent of anthropogenic influences on their total concentrations in the Daya Bay surface sediments is generally imperceptible. The metals’ potential risks to the environment were assessed, and the results showed that they have generally no risk or low risk except for Cd, Mn and Sr.  相似文献   

15.
Total dissolvable metals (Co, Ni, Cu, Cd, and Pb) in both surface waters and the water columns were acquired in the southern East/Japan Sea during a cruise around the Ulleung Basin in June 2001 to understand the spatial distributions of the metals. Concentrations in offshore surface waters were found to be Co 60 ± 12 pM, Ni 2.16 ± 0.25 nM, Cu 1.85 ± 0.55 nM, Cd 0.134 ± 0.018 nM, and Pb 155 ± 40 pM. Spatial distributions in surface waters showed that metal levels were generally enhanced at coastal sites in both Korea and Japan, where the metal distributions indicated complex patterns due to inputs, biogeochemical processes, and physical factors including upwelling. The Co distributions in the water columns seemed to be influenced predominantly by surface and bottom inputs, scavenged rather than regenerated at depth. For Cd, there was generally good agreement between the Cd and PO4 depth distributions, in agreement with the literature. The Cd/PO4 ratio from the water columns was found to be 0.133–0.203, lower than that in other marginal seas (e.g. the East/South China Seas and the Philippine Sea) of the western Pacific Ocean; this might be a result of the fast ventilation rate in this sea. The vertical Pb profile showed typical scavenged-type behavior with a surface maximum and deep minimum. From a comparison of inputs from the atmosphere and the Tsushima Warm Current, atmospheric deposition is substantial enough that it cannot be ignored, and its role in metal cycling is more significant in the offshore zone.  相似文献   

16.
Dissolved concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were measured in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent waters. The results indicate that the ranges of dissolved heavy metals in the studied waters are as follows: Cu = 1.0−6.9 μg/L, Pb = 0.10−0.39 μg/L, Zn = 3.2−9.1 μg/L, and Cd = 0.011−0.049 μg/L. The behavior of the dissolved Cu was essentially conservative, but a high scatter was observed for the high salinity samples, and it is the same with Zn and Pb. The overall concentrations of dissolved Cd increase with the salinity. There were no differences between the surface, middle, and bottom layer for Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd. Seasonal changes of their averages were not obvious on the whole. River discharges, sedimentary dynamics, and biological processes might determine the profiles of heavy metals. The text was submitted by the authors in English.  相似文献   

17.
泉州大港湾海水、沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的含量分布   总被引:15,自引:1,他引:14  
根据1997年7月大港湾海域环境调查资料,着重分析了大港湾海水、表层沉积物及水产生物体内重金属的含量及分布。结果表明:大港湾海水中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn的含量均低于渔业水质标准,大港湾湾顶水域,海水和表层沉积物中Cu,Pb,Cd,Zn的含最明显高于湾口水域:湾南部水域高于北部水域。文中还根据《海洋沉积物质量》、《无公害食品》、《食品中锌限量卫生标准》、《海洋生物质量》标准对表层沉积物和6种水产生物的重金属污染程度进行评价,结果大港湾的水产生物体内的重金属含量均未超标,但沉积物中的Cd含量已超标。  相似文献   

18.
Based on the survey of surface sediment in Xiamen Bay in October 2011, the speciation, distribution, and potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr) in this area were studied us-ing the sequential extraction method and ecological risk assessment method. The results indicated:(1) the total concentrations of these heavy metals were influenced by runoff, industrial wastewater, and sewage, and were all higher in the coastal area than the offshore area while the highest area of Pb was a little far-ther away from the coastal water due to atmosphere deposition;(2) sequential extractions suggested that Cu was mainly composed with residual and Fe/Mn-oxide bound fractions, Pb was bound to Fe/Mn-oxide, Zn and Cr were dominated by residual, and Cd bound to exchangeable and carbonate fractions; (3) the order of migration and transformation sequence was Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr and the degree of pollution was Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Cr;and (4) the ratios of the secondary and primary phases showed that Zn and Cr were both clean, Cu may be polluted, Pb was moderately polluted, while Cd was heavily polluted.  相似文献   

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