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长江口海区理化环境对初级生产力的影响 总被引：31，自引：1，他引：31
本文主要根据1985年10月长江口水文、水化学和初级生产力的同步调查资料,探讨了海水透明度、温、盐度和营养盐与初级生产力的关系,表明透明度是近河口水域初级生产力的主要限制因素,对叶绿素α含量没有明显影响,营养盐浓度对叶绿素α含量的影响大于对初级生产力的影响,营养盐对初级生产力没有明显的限制作用;过高的氮磷比不利于浮游植物进行光合作用。 相似文献
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1999年渤海浮游植物生物量的数值模拟 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
以浮游植物量、浮游动物量、营养盐浓度 (包括无机氮和无机磷 )以及碎屑量为生态变量 ,在HAMSOM水动力学模式的基础上构建了 1个三维浮游生态动力学NPZD模型。采用此模型研究了渤海 1999年浮游植物量和初级生产力的变化情况 ,模拟结果与实测基本相符。模拟结果表明 :1999年渤海浮游植物量的变化大致呈双峰分布 ,春季水华出现在4,5月份 ,秋季水华出现在 9,10月份 ;受透明度和局地水深的影响 ,渤海湾和辽东湾北部浮游植物量的年变化呈夏季大、冬季小的单峰分布。 1999年渤海不同海区初级生产力的变化特征是 :除莱州湾一年中有春、夏 2个峰值外 ,其它 3个海区都是夏季高、冬季低的单峰分布 ;1999年整个渤海年平均的初级生产力为 2 5 7mgC/m2 /d。 相似文献
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本文在1982—1983年渤海综合调查资料基础上,分析研究了渤海初级生产力的地理分布与季节变化,环境因子与初级生产力之间的相关关系,并对渤海有机生产能力和渔业生产前景作出了评价,研究表明,渤海水域具有一定的生产潜力,其初级生产力为112g C/m2·a,每年的初级生产量为1000万吨有机碳,鱼虾贝类产量约为100万吨,水产品可捕获量在50万吨以上,调查研究结果可作为渤海渔业资源开发、利用和管理的基础资料. 相似文献
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渤海水域叶绿素a的分布及初级生产力的估算 总被引：23，自引：4，他引：23
1980-1981年在渤海90个测站上进行了浮游植物种类组成及数量变化、叶绿素含量、海面辐照度、海水光学参量以及海洋水文要素调查,还作了浮游植物光合作用率和同化系数的测定。绘出渤海水域各季节叶绿素a和初级生产力的平面分布图。渤海水域表层叶绿素a的平均值春季、夏季、秋季和冬季分别为1.04,0.69,1.27和0.64毫克/米3。初级生产力的测定采用叶绿素法。通过调查计算得出渤海初级生产力平均值:春季为357毫克碳/米2·日;夏季为171毫克碳/米2·日;秋季为305毫克碳/米2·日;冬季为88毫克碳/米2·日。渤海初级生产力的年平均量为90克碳/米2·年。整个水域全年有机碳生产量约为800万吨。 相似文献
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浮游植物生物量与生产力是海洋生态系食物网的结构与功能的基础环节，是供养其摄食者——浮游动物的物质基础，从而直接或间接地影响海区鱼、虾、贝等经济渔业资源的变动。对浮游植物粒度分级生物量与生产力的研究有助于从更深层次上研究海洋生态系自然群落结构、功能及其环境调控，并可对了解其捕食者群体的特性和营养关系提供重要信息。
渤海是一个半封闭的浅海，生态环境的季节变化显著，同时渤海周围又是人口相对集中，工农业生产较为发达的区域，易受人为因素的影响。20世纪80-90年代初，科学家们曾在渤海进行过不少初级生产力的观测(费尊乐等，1988；朱明远等，1993；吕端华等，1999)，但该海域浮游植物生物量与生产力粒度结构方面的资料尚为欠缺。而近年来渤海生态环境日趋恶化，渔业资源严重衰退，因此在该海域进行生态系统动力学，特别是浮游动物种群动力学的研究时，必须同步开展初级生产力结构的动态变化及其控制过程研究。
本研究是国家自然科学基金重大项目“渤海生态系统动力学与生物资源持续利用”的一个重要组成部分，旨在研究渤海春末、夏初对虾产卵期浮游植物现存生物量和初级产力的粒度结构、周日和空间变化及其与环境之间的关系，特别是浮游动物摄食之间关系，从而为渤海生态系统动力学模式的建立和生物资源的可持续利用提供科学依据。 相似文献
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渤海生态动力过程的模型研究Ⅰ.模型描述 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
建立了一个NPZD类型的生物化学模型,并将其与原始方程海流模型(POM)、太阳辐射模型和河流输入模型耦合再现渤海的生态动力过程.模拟的初级生产力与实测值吻合较好;此外,该文还首次全方位地检验了渤海f-ratio的特征,通过与莱州湾的实测值比较,模拟结果也显示了相当的准确度.另外,该文在分析f-ratio变化特征的基础上还揭示硝酸盐和铵盐对渤海浮游植物生长的相对贡献率. 相似文献
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本研究于2014年7月至2015年7月在福建漳江口红树林国家级自然保护区潮间带滩涂采集表层底质沉积物样品,研究环境因子对红树林生境底质中的底栖微藻总初级生产力、群落呼吸速率和群落净生产力的影响和调控机制.结果表明,红树林滩涂生境底质中底栖微藻总初级生产力为(2. 4±0. 8) mmol C/(m~2·h),与温度正相关,呈夏季高、冬季低的特点,温度是影响底栖微藻总初级生产力的主要环境因子;受红树林凋落物的影响,红树林生境底质中群落呼吸速率较高,使得秋、冬、春季一些月份群落净生产力出现负值,群落净生产力全年均值为(0. 5±1. 8) mmol C/(m~2·h),基本上处于二氧化碳收支平衡的状态.本研究显示底栖微藻的初级生产力影响了红树林生境底质的二氧化碳源汇格局,在红树林湿地碳循环中扮演重要的角色. 相似文献
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水层生态系统动力学模式参数的敏感性分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过生态动力学模式参数的敏感性试验,比较详细地讨论了模拟结果对影响因子的敏感性。模式在温度、辐射和透明度等实际观测资料的强迫下,模拟了１９８２年５月至１９８３年５月渤海水层生态系统的年变化。分析表明,浮游植物的最大生长率、海水的消光系数、浮游动物对浮游植物的最大捕食率、捕食效率和碎屑的再矿化率是影响渤海水层生态系统年循环的主要因子。 相似文献
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The Influence of Physical Factors on the Variation of Phytoplankton and Nutrients in the Bohai Sea 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The cycle of the phytoplankton in a coastal water is controlled by the biological processes, solar radiation, water temperature and physical transport processes. A three-dimensional ecosystem dynamic model is adopted in this study to investigate the influence of different physical factors on the variation of phytoplankton and nutrients in the Bohai Sea. The simulation is carried out for the year 1982. The simulated annual cycle of the primary production and nutrients are in reasonable agreement with the observations in the pattern. Vertical mixing can both affect the vertical transportation of nutrients and horizontal distribution of primary production. In winter the vertical distribution of nutrients is homogeneous because of the intensive mixing, while in summer there is a high value of nutrients in the depth about 15 m due to the stratification. The high primary production plague and the weak mixing center is positional correspondence. The production of phytoplankton is sensitive to the photosynthetically active radiation, which is strongly influenced by the transparency. The increase of the transparency can promote the production in spring and autumn significantly, but has little effect on the production in summer. The change of the transparency can both affect the occurrence time and the amplitude of the phytoplankton bloom dramatically. Horizontal advection does not affect the variation trend of the annual cycle of chlorophyll-a, but does affect the relative magnitude of the phytoplankton bloom, especially in summer. Horizontal advection can dramatically alter the horizontal distribution of chlorophyll-a. The maximum concentration of chlorophyll-a without horizontal advection in summer is twice as high than that with advection and the high chlorophyll-a areas locate along the coast. The river discharge only has regional influence on the ecosystem. The Huanghe River with high nitrate concentration influ-ences the annual cycle of nitrogen of the Laizhou Bay significantly. 相似文献
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2012年春季渤海中部及邻近海域叶绿素a与环境因子的分布特征 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
分析了2012年春季渤海中部及其邻近海域32个站点叶绿素a和环境因子的空间分布特征及其相互关系。结果发现:渤海中部靠近黄河口邻近水域相对于其他水域,呈现出相对较高的水温和较低的盐度,这与黄河淡水输入以及近岸水深相对较浅有密切关系。营养盐浓度在空间分布上表现为黄河口附近海域较高,在垂直分布上表现为中、底层高于表层,显示出黄河水输入与沉积物营养盐再释放的影响;此外,营养盐浓度与结构显示,渤海海域存在明显的磷和硅限制,磷限制尤其严重。叶绿素a浓度的空间分布显示,表层叶绿素a浓度的高值区出现在渤海湾湾口处,而中层与底层的叶绿素a浓度高值区出现在渤海中部。主成分分析结果表明,磷酸盐和温度是影响表层叶绿素a浓度的重要因素,而中、底层叶绿素a浓度主要受磷酸盐的影响。 相似文献
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Fei Zunle Mao Xinghu Zhu Mingyuan Li Bing Li Baohu Guan Yonghong Zhang Xinsheng L&#; Ruihua 《海洋学报(英文版)》1990,9(2):303-313
-On the basis of the data obtained from the surveys in the Bohai Sea during 1982-1983, this paper analysed and discussed the distribution and seasonal variation of primary productivity in the Bohai Sea, and the correlations between the primary productivity and environmental factors. The organic carbon production and prospect of fishery production in the waters of this sea are estimated. It is shown that, there exists production patential in the Bohai Sea, the primary production is 112 gC/ (m2 ?a)the production of organic carbon being 10 million ton per year, the fishery yields 1 million ton and the maximum catch of sea products 0. 5 million ton. The results of the investigation can serve as the basic data for the exploitation, utilization and management of the fishery resources in the Bohai Sea. 相似文献
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During June 1997 cruise by R/V Science No.l, observations on temporal and spatialvariations of the size-fractionated phytoplankton standing stock and primary production were carried out in the Bohai Sea. The size-fractionated chlorophyll a (Chl a) and primary production, photosynthet-ically available radiation (PAR), as well as the related physico-oceanographic and zooplanktonic parameters were measured at five time-series observation stations representing sub-areas of the sea. Results obtained show that there were the marked features of spatial zonation of Chl a and primary production in the Bohai Sea. The values in the Laizhou Bay, the Liaodong Gulf and the Bohai Gulf were high and showed close relation with tidal fluctuations, i.e. high Chl a concentration occurred during high tide in the Laizhou Bay, and during low tide in the Liaodong Gulf and the Bohai Gulf. In the strait and the central region of the Bohai Sea, the values were relatively low and no relationship with tidal fluctuation could be foun 相似文献
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The carbon cycle of lower trophic level in the Bohai Sea is studied with a three-dimensional biological and physical coupled model. The influences of the processes (including horizontal advection, river nutrient load, active transport etc. ) on the phytoplankton biomass and its evolution are estimated. The Bohai Sea is a weak sink of the CO2 in the atmosphere. During the cycle, 13.7% of the gross production of the phytoplankton enter the higher trophic level and 76.8 % of it are consumed by the respiration itself. The nutrient reproduction comes mainly from the internal biogeochemical loop and the rem-ineralization is an important mechanism of the nutrient transfer from organic form to inorganic. Horizontal advection decreases the total biomass and the eutrophication in some sea areas. Change in the nutrient load of a river can only adjust the local system near its estuary. Controlling the input of the nutrient, which limits the alga growth, can be very useful in lessening the phytoplankton biomass. 相似文献
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渤海海温与叶绿素季节空间变化特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以2003年MODIS数据为数据源，在图像处理、空间插值的基础上作海温与叶绿素浓度的空间相关分析。结果表明，整个海域的叶绿素浓度和海温的分布具有明显的区域和季节变化特征。基本规律是叶绿素浓度从近岸向渤海中央递减；温度则随季节发生变化，随着温度升高，近海叶绿素浓度增高，而渤海中央区域叶绿素浓度降低。渤海叶绿素浓度的分布与河口径流、季节等因素有关。从空间关系看，海温与叶绿素浓度不存在很明显的空间分布相关性，但不同季节有不同的相关性。上述研究可用于估算海洋初级生产力。 相似文献
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渤海春季营养盐限制的现场实验 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
1999年4－5月，在现场条件下对天然水体中浮游植物以外加营养盐受控培养的方式，研究和探讨春季渤海中部、莱州湾和渤海海峡3个海区的浮游植物生长的营养盐限制问题。结果表明，在莱州湾附近浮游植物生长受到显著的磷限制；尽管水体中硅酸盐浓度较历史水平大大降低，并且实验进行时硅藻为优势种，但是硅酸盐尚不成为限制因子；渤海中部不存在营养盐的限制问题，营养盐浓度和结构相对适宜；渤海海峡也不存在营养盐的限制问题，但是溶解无机氮的相对含量略低。 相似文献
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Microwave remote sensing has become the primary means for sea-ice research, and has been supported by a great deal of field experiments and theoretical studies regarding sea-ice microwave scattering. However, these studies have been barely carried in the Bohai Sea. The sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism was first developed for the thin sea ice with slight roughness in the Bohai Sea in the winter of 2012, and included the backscattering coefficients which were measured on the different conditions of three bands(L, C and X), two polarizations(HH and VV), and incident angles of 20° to 60°, using a ground-based scatterometer and the synchronous physical parameters of the sea-ice temperature, density, thickness, salinity, and so on. The theoretical model of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering is obtained based on these physical parameters. The research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering mechanism is carried out through two means, which includes the comparison between the field microwave scattering data and the simulation results of the theoretical model, as well as the feature analysis of the four components of the sea-ice electromagnetic scattering. It is revealed that the sea-ice microwave scattering data and the theoretical simulation results vary in the same trend with the incident angles. Also, there is a visible variant in the sensitivity of every component to the different bands.For example, the C and X bands are sensitive to the top surface, the X band is sensitive to the scatterers, and the L and C bands are sensitive to the bottom surface, and so on. It is suggested that the features of the sea-ice surfaces and scatterers can be retrieved by the further research in the future. This experiment can provide an experimental and theoretical foundation for research regarding the sea-ice microwave scattering characteristics in the Bohai Sea. 相似文献