共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
北京郊区女性居民一周时空间行为的日间差异研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
伴随城市空间向郊区急剧扩张,郊区已成为快速城市化过程中疏解城市人口和功能的重要空间。作为兼顾工作与家庭的双重工作者,郊区女性居民的日常生活面临着新的挑战。基于2012年北京居民日常活动与交通出行调查的第一手资料,采用时间地理学研究框架,以一周的活动日志数据为基础,从时间节奏和时间分配的角度分析郊区女性的时间利用特征,并通过标准置信椭圆对GPS轨迹数据进行了活动空间刻画,探讨不同活动在城市不同空间中的发生日间差异。结果表明,在时间上,郊区女性的日常生活具有规律性、丰富性和细碎性的特点;工作日的时间分配以工作活动为中心,从周一到周四的差异性不显著;休息日的时间分配以家务和休闲活动为主,并且在休息日内部出现周日出行时间相对较少的差异。在空间上,大部分郊区女性居民选择在郊区附近就业,日常生活中的购物、休闲活动也主要在郊区空间发生;在休息日,购物活动向城区空间内延伸,休闲活动的空间范围虽然相比于工作日有所扩大但仍主要在郊区空间内部完成。 相似文献
2.
快速城市化带来了行政区划的调整及城市土地、空间和边界的改变,也重构了传统的地方与地方认同。以广州市番禺小龙村为例,分析城市扩张和地方重构下影响地方认同的因素、机制与过程。研究发现：① 城市扩张过程中,居民户籍身份上的改变最为突出,农民对于其市民身份及新的行政地方的认同度不高,最终产生了一定程度的身份与区域的隔离;② 认同是多维度影响、深层次和动态变化的过程,地方认同需要从身份和地方双重维度进行分析,居民多元的自我身份感知与对地方的认知及其切实的个体需求共同影响其最终的身份归属和地方认同。因此,城市行政区划调整过程中需了解、重视区划调整变化后城郊居民的生产生活,同时注重社会基础福利的提升,以促进居民对于新的地方和身份的认同,进而促进城乡融合。 相似文献
3.
尹祖杏 《云南地理环境研究》2007,19(5):40-45,54
居住郊区化是人口郊区化的最直接体现,也是引导城市其他经济活动郊区化的直接因素.因此,居住郊区化成为研究昆明郊区化的一个很有意义的视角.根据历年统计资料、文献资料以及他人调查的资料,从人口变化的情况人手,论证昆明市居住郊区化现象,得出昆明市已经开始进入郊区化阶段;进而分析昆明市住宅郊区化的动力机制和存在的问题,社会经济的发展、城市问题的产生、高速公路网以及私家车的日渐普及、住房制度改革以及保护文化名城的需要等多种因素.它们共同作用构成了昆明郊区化机制系统. 相似文献
4.
Past research has characterized countries as displaying the traits of urban or rural bias. Neither concept fits the United States well. We propose, as a hypothesis for research, that it may better be understood as displaying a suburban bias vis-à-vis both urban and rural populations. Drawing on the urban and rural bias literatures, we discuss two forms that suburban bias might take, allocational and dispositional, and the ways in which they might be identified. We offer initial evidence of a prevailing suburban bias in the United States in two spheres, those of judicial interpretation and American planning history, and conclude with suggestions for further research on the hypothesis. 相似文献
5.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):105-122
During the 1990s, urban geographers have become fascinated with what are termed “neotraditional landscapes,” yet have ignored the broader cultural contexts of neotraditionalism. In this paper, I use a more encompassing and culturally based conception of neotraditionalism to demonstrate a salience of neotraditionalism in the suburban landscape beyond strict neotraditional developments. My argument is that neotraditionalist beliefs are transforming “ordinary” suburban landscapes in subtle but distinctive ways beyond the presence of neotraditional developments. This different reading of suburban neotraditionalism is filtered through qualitative material collected during in-depth interviews in two suburban neighborhoods in Vancouver, Canada. Though the research is suggestive rather than definitive, I suggest that it has important implications for rethinking geographies of suburban exclusion. 相似文献
6.
《Urban geography》2013,34(8):1080-1099
This study examines the current role of ideology in maintaining and reproducing consumer demand for residential suburban spaces in the outer ring of American metropolitan regions. It highlights the contradiction between the promises that are made through the ideology and discourse of the American Dream and the inherent limits of those promises within the realities of a highly dynamic capitalist society. It is argued that this powerful discursive formation has evolved through recent neoliberal times, and is manifest in the suburban landscape in new ways. It must continue to produce simulated images that signify mythologized narratives of the past that cater to sentiments of hope and a better life in the future. At the same time, it works through existing fears and anxieties in order to secure the progressive accumulation of capital in the suburban built environment. Evidence will be provided from the ongoing suburbanization of Kendall County, Illinois at the southwestern edge of metropolitan Chicago. 相似文献
7.
自1954年发现“丁村人”化石至今,“丁村组”的年代长期存在很大争论。通过对S5以来临汾盆地地貌沉积演化过程的研究,揭示出“丁村组”的堆积是在S1早期的一次区域构造抬升引起盆地湖退后才开始发生的,时间距今大约13万年。结合上覆“丁村组”的黄土古土壤分析,发现其堆积结束于距今约5.2万年。“丁村组”的堆积与气下S1古土壤的发育和L1黄土下半段的堆积几乎是同期的,其形成时代横跨了中、晚更新世。 相似文献
8.
The concept of transit-rich neighborhoods (TRNs) has become a focus of more interest as it relates to rapidly growing and congested communities, and it has received national attention because of its contribution to smart growth in the United States. Although most investment in transit services has been concentrated in denser central cities, where most transit users, including those of low income, reside, the trend toward the decentralization of poverty has become evident in many metropolitan areas and underscored the need to improve suburban transit services. Many studies pertaining to transit ridership have focused on the physical characteristics of stations, their catchment areas, and equity issues for low-income riders, particularly in central cities, without accounting for the evolving socioeconomic characteristics of the neighborhoods being served. To address this issue, this paper categorizes TRNs based on changing socioeconomic and spatial characteristics and uses multiple regression to examine the relationship between types of TRNs and transit ridership in the Atlanta metropolitan area, focusing on the decentralization of poverty. The results show that suburban TRNs became more diverse in terms of income and race between 2000 and 2009, which suggests that investment in commuter rail transit is an important contribution to social and economic equality at the regional level. Furthermore, poverty rates in suburban areas, compared to those in their downtown and inner-city counterpart TRNs, positively influence the percentage of transit ridership. The increased use of suburban transit services suggests the potential presence of increased latent demand, which is further supported by the decentralization of poverty. 相似文献
9.
ADAM W. ROME 《Geographical review》1998,88(2):259-274
ABSTRACT. In the late 1950s and early 1960s a variety of Americans began to protest the loss of open space to suburban sprawl. The critics of sprawl—William Whyte, most notably—argued that open space had great aesthetic, social, and ecological value. To preserve open space, activists lobbied for the acquisition of public land and touted land-saving forms of development. Although both efforts brought important successes, both proved inadequate. Even so, the open-space debate had enduring consequences: It shaped later efforts to force builders to meet new environmental obligations, and it played a key role in the evolution of the environmental movement. 相似文献
10.
Tools that support public engagement with sustainability are essential for local sustainability planning. This research investigates the ability of two geographic information system (GIS)-based tools to promote discussion of sustainability in a suburban context. A local ecological footprint tool and a community environmental atlas (an environmentally themed online mapping system) were created for seven suburban boroughs of Montreal. Variations of both tools have been used to support sustainability efforts, but their use has not been widely evaluated. Working from a public participation GIS (PPGIS) framework that recognizes the powerful influence of data representation, this research uses focus groups to evaluate how well these tools address three criteria that have emerged from the literature on public engagement in sustainability: interdependency across systems, reflexivity about personal and social decision making, and interactions across spatial scales. Whereas the atlas remains advantageous for discussing local spatial specifics, it was found that the ecological footprint helped people see the interconnections among systems, integrate local and global aspects of sustainability, and reflect on the values and assumptions underlying current social and economic structures. 相似文献
11.
在城乡协调发展的背景下,本文以自然属性为基础分析了北京具有不同经济属性的5类耕地的空间结构。波谱分析显示,不同类型耕地的空间分布具有不同的周期,它们共同形成了距天安门约23～44km(近郊平原)、44～66km(远郊平原)、66～126km(山区)的耕地宏观空间结构。通过计算各类耕地的空间维数和Hurst指数,认为景观农田区、美化农田区、近郊山区22～47km圈层的耕地不具备分形特征;规模农田区、景观廊道带、中远郊山区48～126km圈层的耕地由于受城市发展、自然条件、距离等因素的影响具有明显的分形特征。总体上,北京不同类型的耕地处于一种离散、连续和具有共度性、没有公度性的融合状态。 相似文献
12.
Louise C. Johnson 《The Australian geographer》2006,37(2):259-277
Is there a revolution occurring in the Australian suburb? From a brief examination of demographic, economic, political and aesthetic changes, it appears that the suburbs of the new century are very different from those of the last. With the demise of key underpinnings of the older suburban form—the sexual division of labour, particular family forms, localised communities and bucolic private gardens—has gone an end to official support of the expansive suburb and a major shift in their politics, planning, economies and relationship to the CBD and other centres. With falling household sizes has gone a seemingly contradictory trend toward larger houses on smaller blocks of land. In the context of these many changes along with urban containment and consolidation, this paper argues that there is a convergence occurring between the design of inner, middle and outer suburban dwellings. The negativity long heaped upon the suburban bungalow by the custodians of taste is being revisited. The style wars are easing, as suburban homes increasingly resemble those appearing in densified cities across the nation. 相似文献
13.
城市化时期郊区土地利用结构信息熵上升的原因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文认为,此前一直被当作城市化地区的土地利用结构信息熵快速上升,应是指城市化地区郊区的土地利用结构信息熵上升。城市化时期郊区土地利用结构向均衡化方向的明显变动,引起了郊区土地利用结构信息熵的上升;城市建成区的土地利用结构信息熵却未有上升,其各种土地利用类型的面积占比在城市化时期基本稳定,或向居民点及工矿用地、交通用地类型有所集中,导致其土地利用结构信息熵基本不变或有所下降。郊区的局部城市化区域对郊区土地利用结构信息熵的上升有着主要贡献。数据分析显示,城市化时期郊区的农用地较多较快地转化成了城市建设用地,且后者的面积占比与土地利用结构信息熵之间具有高度正相关关系,说明城市建设用地的快速增加是引起郊区土地利用结构信息熵上升的主要原因。熵变化分析表明,城市化时期郊区系统的熵变化与郊区土地利用结构信息熵的变动方向一致,均大于零,表征了郊区的自然地理环境演化在此期间是向着有序性降低的方向发展的。 相似文献
14.
Kyle E. Walker 《Urban geography》2013,34(4):508-529
Since 2000, the American suburb has emerged as a principal destination for new immigrants to the United States, both documented and undocumented. Whereas some suburban communities have responded to perceived undocumented immigrants with hostility in the form of exclusionary local immigration policies, others have introduced policies designed to welcome immigrants independent of federal legal status. In this article, I employ a qualitative comparative case study analysis of four local immigration policies in the Chicago and Washington DC metropolitan areas to explain how suburbs justify their policy positions. I find that these suburban communities relied on conceptions of American identity and the ‘American Dream’ in support of their policies, but leveraged these tropes in vastly different ways depending on the broader strategic purposes of the policies. These divergent suburban immigration policies both challenge traditional notions of suburban political and cultural homogeneity and reveal how such heterogeneity has produced a distinct unevenness in contemporary local policy responses to undocumented immigration within metropolitan regions. 相似文献
15.
The revitalization of inner suburban areas is attracting a good deal of attention throughout the Western world, not least because it frequently involves a process of gentrification whereby middle-class individuals move into and renovate formerly working-class dwellings. Evidence from Sydney suggests that this process of revitalization is spatially very selective and as a result it is overly simplistic to talk about the inner suburbs as a whole, because within inner city areas there exists a very considerable mix of both land use and building quality. Moreover the socio-economic characteristics of residents and their attitudes towards the issues of preservation, rebuilding, and high-rise, tend to vary between the different types of residential environment. Consequently there can exist no single planning prognosis for all inner suburban areas. What seems to be needed is a blend of preservation and redevelopment that avoids forcing middle-class aesthetic values on working-class residents, for whom considerations of accessibility to central area employment and facilities appear dominant. 相似文献
16.
《Urban geography》2013,34(2):179-193
This study builds on recent research on the growth of suburban poverty by tracking bi-annual poverty trends in inner suburbs from 1989 to 2005 through data reported by the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Contrary to analyses based on the 1990 and 2000 censuses, this research finds that inner-ring suburban poverty increased from 1989 through 1997 but then declined and stabilized at levels similar to those of 1989. It will be shown that most of these changes were driven by transitions into and out of poverty, and that the migration of the poor between central-city and suburban neighborhoods has little effect on poverty rates. These results suggest that such poverty is highly dependent upon economic conditions, which may indicate an increase in inner-ring poverty since 2005. 相似文献
17.
针对耕地非农转化过程中产生的一系列社会问题,采用参与性农户调查方法,对西部欠发达地区西宁市郊区5个样本村190户农户进行了随机入户调查。根据城市开发进程、到市区距离和种植类型等条件,将调查样本村分为近郊城区化农村、近郊农村和远郊农村,就农户对耕地非农转换的基本认知及耕地非农转换的经济、社会和环境价值感知进行分析。结果表明:耕地征用后农户能理性感知和判别耕地非农转换价值,并普遍认为失去耕地后生活费用增加、生活保障降低、收入来源和就业机会少;感知主要受耕地数量、区位条件、耕地开发阶段等因素的影响;处于不同区位条件的农户对耕地非农转换的价值感知存在差异性,城区化农户已逐渐适应城市生活,近郊农户的非农转换经济和社会感知压力最大,远郊农民也感知经济和生活保障压力,但更希望能通过打工增加收入。 相似文献
18.
郊区化带来的职住空间分离与机动化出行问题受到了城市地理与城市规划界的广泛关注。汽车依赖已经成为大城市郊区空间发展过程中面临的现实问题,如何减少汽车通勤比例、鼓励公共交通和非机动化通勤,已经成为城市交通可持续发展的重要目标。基于城市兴趣点数据（POI）与2017年上海市郊区居民活动日志调查数据,通过多项logit模型分析了居民居住地与工作地周边建成环境对通勤方式的影响,并建立中介效应模型探讨长距离通勤对通勤方式产生的间接效应。研究发现提升居住地的地铁站可达性、土地混合利用程度,控制居住地和工作地的设施密度等措施有利于减少汽车出行,而建成环境特征差异对通勤方式的影响要大于对通勤距离的影响。通勤距离对通勤方式选择具有显著的中介效应,对于步行和自行车通勤的影响最为明显。社区环境的提升应从增加设施多样性和公共交通可达性,营造良好的步行、骑行环境等方面来促进居民的绿色通勤行为。 相似文献
19.
上海城市热岛与热浪协同作用及其影响因子 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在全球变暖的背景下,热浪变得更加频繁。城市地区由于城市热岛效应在热浪事件中承受更大的风险。然而城市热岛与热浪之间的相互作用还少有研究。利用2016-2017年两个夏季（6-8月）上海城、郊气象站逐时气温、风速、相对湿度资料、城区徐家汇和郊区奉贤涡动相关通量观测资料对比分析了热浪和非热浪期间城市热岛强度的差异,并利用一个平流扩散解析模型揭示了城市热岛与热浪相互作用的物理机制。结果表明,热浪期间的城市热岛强度相比非热浪期间明显增强,且白天增强大于夜间,显示出城市热岛与热浪之间的协同效应。热浪期间城、郊相对湿度比值相对非热浪期间明显减小,表明热浪期间城区地表相对郊区变得更干,从而抑制了蒸发作用,加剧了城市热岛强度;平均风速也明显减小,平流降温效应减弱,对城市热岛强度起正反馈效应。热浪期间城区净辐射通量的增加大于郊区,使城区获得更大地表辐射输入;由于城区更少的植被覆盖和更多的不透水下垫面,热浪期间城区潜热通量略有降低,而郊区明显增加;城区感热通量增幅则大于郊区,这种感热和潜热通量分配的改变也加剧了城市热岛强度。本研究对城市如何应对加剧的热风险具有重要的科学指示意义。 相似文献