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1.
The evolution process of the low-level westerly winds over the eastern North Pacific is investigated to understand the tropical cyclogenesis (TCG) of Tropical Storm Arlene (2005) over the Intra-Americas Sea (IAS). Also considered are the influences of the topography of the Central American mountain region interacting with the low-level westerly winds on Arlene's TCG by comparing results from a modified-topography simulation of Arlene's TCG with those from a simulation with the original topography in the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. Interactions among large-scale circulations associated with subtropical highs in both hemispheres and an anticyclone over the warm eastern North Pacific produced low-level westerly winds into the IAS. WRF model experiments with a virtually elevated terrain filling in mountain passes in Central America resulted in the delayed and suppressed development of the incipient storm. The model experiments suggest that the low-level winds and moisture fluxes from the eastern North Pacific passing through the low-level mountain passes in Central America could play a critical role in the TCG process and perhaps also sustenance of storms over the western Caribbean. 相似文献
2.
南极罗斯海特拉诺瓦湾(Terra Nova Bay)是强下降风汇集区之一。采用高分辨率南极中尺度预报系统(Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System,AMPS)资料和特拉诺瓦湾难言岛Manuela自动气象站实测数据,分析了特拉诺瓦湾及其附近地区的下降风特征。AMPS对难言岛地区风速和气温有较好的模拟能力,但风向比实测值偏西约30°。难言岛地区风速从1月开始迅速增大,4—9月风力平均为8级以上。难言岛夏季1月份的风速变化滞后气温变化约3 h;冬季7月份风向稳定为西至西南。特拉诺瓦湾及其附近地区下降风来自西岸海拔较高的冰盖,其风向的空间分布特征基本几乎不随季节而变化。下降风风速有显著的季节演变特征,11月至次年1月较小,3—9月风速较大。特拉诺瓦湾西岸等几处冰川地带在冬季是强风汇集区,难言岛处于Reeves冰川下降风汇集区中。该汇集区上边界和南北两侧均有清晰的分界线,风速较强区从地面延伸至650—800 m高处,风速最大值距离地面高度约为50—200 m。强下降风气流受难言岛地形阻挡,风速有所减弱,气流越过难言岛之后,风速再次加强。特拉诺瓦湾地区下降风流动过程中近地面气团位势温度变化幅度很小,表明下降风在从内陆高原到沿岸地区的流动是干绝热过程。 相似文献
3.
对1979—2009年月平均的CFSR（The Climate Forecast System Reanalysis）海冰密集度（SIC）和海平面气压（SLP）资料进行多变量经验正交函数分解（MV—EOF）,得出耦合主模态,并通过对温度、位势高度和风场的回归分析,进一步探寻海冰与大气环流的关系,第一模态SLP的特征为北极涛动（AO）,SIC呈离散的正负中心分布但大体为东西反位相,AO正位相时,喀拉海、拉普捷夫海、东西伯利亚海和鄂霍次克海海冰减少,巴芬湾、波弗特海、楚科奇海和白令海海冰增加。耦合第二模态的SLP呈偶极子分布,负、正异常中心在巴伦支海和波弗特海,SIC在巴伦支海,弗拉姆海峡,格陵兰海,拉布拉多海和白令海,鄂霍次克海地区有正异常,在喀拉海、拉普捷夫海、东西伯利亚海、楚科齐海和波弗特海为负异常。耦合第三模态SLP在冰岛地区存在负异常中心,在拉普捷夫海地区有正异常中心,SIC在巴伦支海北部、弗拉姆海峡、格陵兰海为负异常,其余地区全为正异常。
对SLP和SIC分别进行EOF分解,并与耦合模态进行比较,SLP的EOF主模态的时空分布与耦合模态中SLP的时空分布十分相似,SIC的EOF模态的时空分布则与耦合模态中SIC的时空分布有较大差别,说明耦合模态对SIC的分布影响较大,即大气环流对海冰分布的影响为主要的过程,海冰对大尺度的大气环流的模态的影响不明显。 相似文献
4.
2010年8月10～13日,甘肃省河东出现了中到大雨,局地暴雨或大暴雨,是舟曲山洪地质灾害气象应急响应开始后迎来的第一场区域性暴雨过程,对前方救灾抢险工作造成严重威胁。利用实况观测资料和NCEP再分析资料对大暴雨过程的天气特征、水汽条件、动力条件、不稳定条件等进行综合分析,并总结了暴雨过程的中尺度云团特征及雷达回波特征。结果表明：此次暴雨过程持续时间较长,但大暴雨出现时段集中,雨强大,危害性强。副高强盛,北部冷空气分裂南下,青藏高原切变线活动频繁,是本次暴雨过程的主要环流特征。500 hPa锋区和700 hPa低涡切变线是造成暴雨天气的直接影响系统。低层正涡度区、水汽辐合、上升运动、正螺旋度中心以及层结不稳定等因素为暴雨产生创造了热力、动力和能量条件。此次暴雨的触发机制是低层中尺度切变线的发展和维持、偏南暖湿气流的增强,以及低层辐合高层辐散的大气上下层抽吸作用。多个中β尺度对流云团沿700 hPa切变南侧发展东移,表明本次大暴雨过程中存在明显中小尺度系统,其中低层气旋式辐合、高层辐散流场的配置是降雨范围及强度增大的重要原因。 相似文献
5.
使用2003—2014年6—9月份的AMSR-E和AMSR-2海冰密集度数据计算了北极海冰范围, 并获得海冰空间分布图。通过分析得出, 2014年北极夏季海冰范围在数值上与2003—2013年的多年平均值很接近, 在空间分布上与多年中值范围相比主要表现为两个方面的不同：(1)2014年夏季拉普捷夫海及其以北海域海冰明显少于多年中值范围, 9月份冰区最北边界超过了85°N;(2)巴伦支海北部斯瓦尔巴群岛至法兰士约瑟夫地群岛区域海冰范围明显多于多年中值范围, 而且海冰范围在8月份不减反增, 冰区边界较7月份往南扩张了约0.8个纬度。2014年夏季在拉普捷夫海以南风为主, 而在巴伦支海以北风为主。南风将俄罗斯大陆上温暖的空气吹向高纬地区, 造成高纬地区温度偏高, 促进拉普捷夫海海冰融化, 并使海冰往北退缩。北风将北冰洋上的冷空气吹向低纬地区, 造成巴伦支海的气温偏低, 不利于海冰的融化, 同时北风使海冰往南漂移扩散, 造成巴伦支海北部海冰范围在2014年偏多。2014年北地群岛航线开通时间范围大约在8月上旬到10月上旬, 时长约两个月。新西伯利亚群岛及附近海域的开通时间稍早于北地群岛, 但关闭时间比北地群岛晚, 所以 2014年东北航道全线开通的时间主要受制于北地群岛附近海冰变化。 相似文献
6.
为了深入了解天山山区中尺度对流系统（MCS）的触发和变化,对发生在新疆伊犁河谷一次中亚低涡背景下的短时强降水过程MCS成因进行了分析。通过利用自动站小时降水数据分析得出此次降水时空分布特征,并基于FY-2G卫星TBB产品、多普勒天气雷达数据对MCS的云图和雷达特征进行分析,得出该地区中-β尺度MCS(MβCS)具有明显的夜发性和后向传播特征,且分别在山区、平原上空发展和增强并长时间维持,雷达图上强回波带、逆风区和超低空急流的持续出现说明局地对流增强。此外,选取代表站雨强与对应TBB、雷达回波进行分析,发现强降水时段雨强的空间分布与TBB梯度大小成正比,时间分布与回波顶高和垂直液态含水量成正比。利用探空、地面风场以及ERA Interim再分析资料对MCS形成的大尺度环流背景和中尺度特征进行分析,得出深厚中亚低涡前部局地对流活动的加强触发MCS的生成,中低层多通道水汽输送和局地长时间水汽辐合、大气不稳定层结、中低层的风场辐合和垂直切变、高低层θse梯度增大以及低层暖平流增强为MCS的发展和维持提供了动热力和水汽条件。 相似文献
7.
Thomas B. Williams 《自然地理学》2013,34(1):35-49
Field observations of temperature, humidity, and wind conditions were taken during mesoscale lake breeze, synoptic-aided lake breeze, and synoptic-scale lake effect situations in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Measurements were made along two east-west transect routes to document Lake Michigan's cooling impact. Lake breezes are characterized by significant changes in weather parameters: a sharp drop in temperature, a rise in dew point, an increase in relative humidity, and a shift from offshore to onshore winds. Temperature contrasts between lakefront and inland envirionments exceed 5°C. Lake cooling is confined to a coastal zone extending 8.0 km inland. Synoptic-aided lake breezes combine mesoscale lake breeze formation with the added influence of developing synoptic onshore winds. These situations are characterized by earlier time of occurrence, greater inland movement, and reduce land-lake thermal contrasts. Synoptic lake effect is produced by steady prevailing onshore winds from the northeast or east under the control of the large-scale pressure pattern. The greatest degree of lake cooling occurs under synoptic lake effect conditions, with widespread impact extending well inland. Maximum temperature differences between nearshore and inland locations exist in spring, the season of greatest land-lake thermal contrast. [Key Words: Lake effect, lake breeze, mesoscale climatology, Lake Michigan.] 相似文献
8.
Thomas B. Williams 《自然地理学》2013,34(4):333-345
Prevailing onshore winds off Lake Michigan in the warm season (April-October) cause cooling along the adjacent coast during the day. Mesoscale lake breeze formation occurs most frequently in August. Synoptic-aided lake breezes, which combine mesoscale inputs with existing large-scale conditions, are most prevalent in May. Lake breezes are favored by high pressure and airmass weather patterns. Synoptic lake effect dominates in April; large-scale onshore flow is often produced by high pressure, post-cold front, and pre-warm front weather conditions. Overall, lake cooling is experienced 60% of the time during the warmer months. The highest frequency of lake effect is found in May. The cooling impact of Lake Michigan across the Milwaukee area is maximized since spring is the season of greatest contrast in land and lake temperatures. Lake-effect conditions in the cool season (November-March) occur less frequently. Onshore flow off the warmer lake reduces cooling at night along the Milwaukee shoreline. Synoptic lake effect is dominant, with a peak in March. Lake snow and mesoscale land breeze developments are most frequent in midwinter, when large land-lake thermal contrasts exist during outbreaks of cold polar air under high pressure patterns. [Key words: lake effect, climatology, mesoscale, onshore winds.] 相似文献
9.
《自然地理学》2013,34(2):107-136
The study of land surface-atmosphere interactions is vital to understanding climatic variations in the Earth's planetary boundary layer, particularly given continual land cover modifications by humans on local to regional scales. An agriculturally important region ideal for the study of land surface-atmosphere interactions is the Midwest United States "Corn Belt." To evaluate the mesoscale relationships between Corn Belt land surface properties and a key indicator of the surface-atmosphere feedback in humid climates—warm-season convective cloud development—conventional meteorological data, digital maps of land surface properties, and satellite data were examined in a GIS framework for the May-September periods of 1991 through 1999. The results indicate associations between the surface and atmospheric moisture content and the formation of convective clouds: cumulus clouds initiate first and persist longer over a dry (moist) surface with an initially dry (moist) atmosphere. These relationships are evident when forcing from the free atmosphere is either extremely weak (i.e., when fronts and other disturbances are absent and 500 mb winds are <7 ms-1), weak (same as extremely weak, except 500 mb winds are 7-13 ms-1), or strong (same as extremely weak, except 500 mb winds >18 ms-1). However, the association between convective cloud development and other land surface properties (e.g., land use-land cover [LULC], soil order, elevation, and slope) is not consistent spatially. We find that a surface moisture-convective cloud relationship dominates Corn Belt land surface-atmosphere interactions across a range of barotropic synoptic conditions under different atmospheric moisture contents. The study results can help lead to improved prediction of convective cloud formation, and more realistic modeling of land surface-atmospheric interactions for weather and climate forecasting. 相似文献
10.
黄渤海海岸季节性风沙气候环境 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
分析了黄渤海海岸气候形成因素和影响风沙活动的各种气候要素的季节性变化特征，指出冬、春季研究区受东亚大陆气团的影响，形成了干旱、多风的风沙气候环境，尤其是渤海海岸地区冬、春季气候条件与我国内陆沙漠区和严重沙漠化地区相似，也存在风沙灾害的威胁。 相似文献
11.
Pacific water exits the Chukchi Sea shelf through Barrow Canyon in the east and Herald Canyon in the west,forming an eastward-directed shelfbreak boundary current that flows into the Beaufort Sea.Here we summarize the transformation that the Pacific water undergoes in the two canyons,and describe the characteristics and variability of the resulting sbelfbreak jet,using recently collected summertime hydrographic data and a year-long mooring data set.In both canyons the northward-flowing Pacific winter water switches from the western to the eastern flank of the canyon,interacting with the northward-flowing summer water.In Barrow canyon the vorticity structure of the current is altered,while in Herald canyon a new water mass mode is created.In both instances hydraulic effects are believed to be partly responsible for the observed changes.The shelfbreak jet that forms from the canyon outflows has distinct seasonal configurations,from a bottom-intensified flow carrying cold,dense Pacific water in spring,to a surface-intensified current advecting warm,buoyant water in summer.The current also varies significantly on short timescales,from less than a day to a week.In fall and winter much of this mesoscale variability is driven by storm events,whose easterly winds reverse the current and cause upwelling.Different types of eddies are spawned from the current,which are characterized here using hydrographic and satellite data. 相似文献
12.
环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性时空演变及影响因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将产业生态系统引入到海洋研究中,开展海洋产业生态系统适应性研究,界定海洋产业生态系统适应性的内涵及特征;采用均方差赋权法进行权重赋值,构建海洋产业生态系统适应性评价指标体系与评估模型,分析环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统的适应性时空演变及影响因素。结果表明： 从整体来看,环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性差异较大,主要问题是环渤海地区各省市海洋产业发展参差不齐,产业基础和发展速度差异较大,海洋生态环境建设水平不一; 从空间来看,海洋产业生态系统适应性呈现山东>辽宁>天津>河北的空间分布特征;在海洋产业子系统各要素中,呈现敏感性越大,弹性越大的特征,海洋环境子系统适应性特征不明显; 从时间来看,环渤海地区海洋产业生态系统适应性在波动中不断增强,各省市适应性综合指数差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势,这种扩大的趋势是由于海洋产业子系统年均增长的差异所致; 区域内部海洋产业生态系统适应性差异明显：天津市海洋产业子系统适应性指数最高,海洋环境子系统发展水平滞后;河北省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较低,海洋产业生态系统发展水平低;辽宁省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较小,海洋产业、环境子系统发育较平衡;山东省海洋产业、环境子系统适应性指数较高,海洋产业生态系统发展水平高,海洋产业子系统发展迅速。 相似文献
13.
《Geomorphology》2007,83(1-2):29-47
Many coastal dune systems in Western Europe were emplaced during the Little Ice Age (LIA). The formation of such dune fields has generally been ascribed to a combination of low sea level and strong winds during that time period, providing a supply of sand from the exposed shoreface and sufficient wind energy to transport this sand landward. However, little information exists on the processes that controlled sediment supply to the beach and why this onshore supply was initiated at all. In this contribution, we consider the origin and development of older dune fields on a barrier spit complex (Skallingen) located in the northern part of the Danish Wadden Sea. Maps and new data on dune litho- and chrono-stratigraphy, the latter based on OSL-dating, allow a precise estimate of the initiation and termination of dune emplacement. Dune formation at Skallingen started at a relatively late stage of the LIA and it can be temporally correlated with a phase of relative sea level rise in North Western Europe and with a high frequency of storm surges along the Danish west coast. These are the conditions during which nearshore bars currently migrate onshore across the shoreface off Skallingen. The bars eventually merge with the beach and constitute a source of sand for modern foredune accretion. It is probable that the onshore bar migration occurred under similar conditions in the past and the migration was triggered, or enhanced, by the sea level recovery from the mid-LIA low-stand and the associated frequent storm surge activity. Consequently, at Skallingen onshore sand supply was caused by marine, rather than aeolian, agents; this supply provided the basis for subsequent dune formation. Indications are, however, that the sediment supply to the beach/dunes was a factor of 2–3 larger in the past. Dune aggradation eventually ceased around 1900AD because of dyke construction. Hence, the association between dune formation and sea level/surge variation at Skallingen is somewhat contrary to other statements of coastal dune development during the LIA in North Western Europe. 相似文献
14.
俄罗斯东北航道沿线港口发展潜力评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着北极冰层不断融化,未来东北航道商业化通航成为可能,俄罗斯东北航道沿线港口发展潜力和开发价值日益受到关注。本研究构建包括自然条件、基础设施、港口运营、腹地环境、地理位置等5方面内容的评价指标体系,运用层次分析法对俄罗斯东北航道沿线13个港口的发展潜力进行评价。研究结果表明：（1）对港口发展潜力影响程度由大到小依次是地理位置、腹地环境、自然条件、基础设施、港口运营因素。（2）可将港口发展潜力由强到弱划分为3个等级：第一等级包括摩尔曼斯克、阿尔汉格尔斯克、普罗维杰尼亚、季克西,第二等级为纳里扬马尔、萨别塔、佩韦克、乌厄连、阿姆杰尔马,第三等级为迪克森、哈坦加、维尔霍扬斯克、安巴奇克。（3）港口发展潜力自西向东大致呈现“W”型格局,摩尔曼斯克、季克西、普罗维杰尼亚的港口发展潜力较大,分别位于俄罗斯东北航道沿岸的西、中、东段位置,位于三者之间的港口发展潜力较小。 相似文献
15.
利用加密自动站、卫星云图及雷达图像等资料,对2010年6月7日白天到夜间宁夏中北部地区出现的短时暴雨天气成因及中尺度系统演变进行分析。结果表明,此次短时暴雨是在“东高西低”稳定的环流形势和锋面过境背景下,500 hPa西风槽,700 hPa切变线、低涡、低空急流,850 hPa切变线,地面冷锋等主要影响系统相互配合、共同作用下发生的;大降水落区位于低空急流左侧与切变线尾部的辐合区,这可作为宁夏中尺度暴雨天气系统的一种典型特征;逆风区的出现和S型风场、锋面过境雷达图像特征是此次强降水典型的雷达回波特征,逆风区分布与中尺度系统走向基本一致。 相似文献
16.
Three experimental plots, covering the transition from the upper beach to the dune, on the North Sea coast of France were monitored at various intervals over a period of 18–24 months via high resolution terrain surveys in order to determine inter-site sand budget variability, as well as patterns and processes involved in sand exchanges between the upper beach and dune. The wind regime consists of a fairly balanced mix of moderate (80% of winds are below 8 m/s) onshore, offshore and shore-parallel winds. Sustained dune accretion over several years depends on the periodic local onshore welding of shoreface tidal banks that have developed in the storm- and tide-dominated setting of the southern North Sea. The only site where this has occurred in the recent past is Calais, where bank welding has created a wide accreting upper beach sand flat. At this site, significant sand supply from the subtidal sand bank reservoir to the upper beach flat occurred only once over the 18-month survey following a major storm. The bulk of the sand deposited over this large flat is not directly integrated into the adjacent embryo dunes by onshore winds but is progressively reworked in situ into developing dunes or transported alongshore by the balanced wind regime, thus resulting in alongshore stretching of the embryo dune system. The Leffrinckoucke site near Belgium shows moderate beach–dune mobility and accretion, while the Wissant site exhibits significant upper beach bedform mobility controlled by strong longshore currents that result in large beach budget fluctuations with little net budget change, to the detriment of the adjacent dunes. Accretion at these two sites, which are representative of the rest of the North Sea coast of France, is presently constrained by the absence of a shore-attached sand bank supply reservoir, while upper beach–dune sand exchanges are further limited by the narrow wave-affected upper beach, the intertidal morphology of bars and troughs which segments the aeolian fetch, and the moderate wind energy conditions. The balanced wind regime limits net sand mobilisation in favour of either the beach or the dune, and may explain the relatively narrow longshore morphology of the dune ridges bounding this coast. 相似文献
17.
Cody Frick 《自然地理学》2016,37(1):26-37
There has been an enhanced focus on Atlantic tropical cyclone climatologies with the significant cyclones of the past decade and the associated loss of life and property. This study examines the geographic location of cyclone tracks and their relationship to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The average annual cyclone track latitude and longitude correlate positively with hurricane-season El Niño indices, indicating that during El Niño conditions, tropical cyclone tracks are shifted northward and eastward. June–November indices explain 11–22% and 3–11% of the variance in cyclone track latitude and longitude, respectively. Examination of the strongest and weakest El Niño years yields similar results. Higher sea level pressure over North America, a slight contraction of the Bermuda High, and a slight decrease in 500 mb heights during El Niño years helps to explain the observed northward and eastward movement of tropical cyclone tracks during El Niño years. Additionally, weaker easterly and stronger southerly winds on the western side of the North Atlantic Basin exist during El Niño years. Although future tropical cyclone track projection is beyond the scope of this research, these results may provide insight into forecast improvement and ultimately better responses for coastal communities. 相似文献
18.
南极半岛及附近地区经常出现大风天气,它是影响该地区的主要天气现象.造成大风的主要天气系统是极地气旋.极地气旋的强弱、移速和路径的不同,对南极半岛及附近地区的影响也不同.而周围的环境流场也是形成大风的重要因素.所以,分析天气形势背景,对做好该地区大风天气现象的预报是十分重要的.本文利用1985年1月到1987年10月中国南极长城站接收的智利南极弗雷气象中心播发的南半球地面传真天气图,北京气象中心绘制的南半球地面和500hPa高空天气图资料,结合长城站的地面气象观测资料,对影响南极半岛及附近地区的大风天气过程进行了分析和研究.主要根据地面天气图上的天气形势归纳为四种类型:(1)强极地高压型;(2).强副热带高压型;(3)南美大陆高压型;(4)副热带高压脊线南伸型.同时,结合分析结果提出了预报南极半岛及附近地区大风天气的思路. 相似文献
19.
“8.25”曲靖突发局地大暴雨的中尺度系统特征分析和数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
“8.25”曲靖突发性局地大暴雨,在近30年来8月强降雨中是罕见的。采用Barnes带通滤波方法分离出中尺度天气系统表明,500hPa上的中尺度低压扰动系统和700hPa上的中尺度低涡是产生这次暴雨天气过程的直接的天气系统。在潜在不稳定条件下,由于中尺度系统的扰动,局地水汽强烈辐合,造成了此次强降水。同时中尺度数值模式MM5结果很好地模拟了这次局地暴雨过程的落区、雨强以及发生和发展。强降水发生时有强的上升运动与深厚饱和气柱互耦结构是富源、马龙大暴雨产生的重要动力机制。师宗站上升运动主要出现在对流层中高层,降雨量与上述两站相比要小得多。深对流气柱内云团发展的微物理结构显示,造成富源大暴雨的强对流云不是只含有云水和雨水的暖云云体,在对流层高层有含有雪和冰的混合相云体。马龙暴雨的强对流云团的微物理结构上在对流层中低层与富源云团性质一样,同属暖云云体,但云水合比和雨水混合比均比富源云团小,在对流层高层马龙云团为仅含有雪的单一云体。师宗云团与上述两站均不同,雨水混合比在3者之中最小,产生强降水的主要是对流层高层含有雪和冰的混合相云体。 相似文献
20.
William P. O'Connor Benjamin Fong Chao Dawei Zheng & Andrew Y. Au 《Geophysical Journal International》2000,142(2):620-630
We conduct numerical simulations of the wind forcing of sea level variations in the North Sea using a barotropic ocean model with realistic geography and bathymetry to examine the forcing of the 14 month 'pole tide', which is known to be anomalously large along the Denmark–Netherlands coast. The simulation input is the monthly mean surface wind stress field from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis for the 40 year period 1958–1997. The ocean model output sea level response is then compared with 10 coastal tide gauge records from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) over the same period of time. Besides the strong seasonal variations, several prominent quasi-periodicities exist near 7 years, 3 years, 14 months, 9 months and 6.5 months. Correlations and spectral analyses show remarkable agreement between the model output and the observations, particularly in the 14 month, or Chandler, period band. The latter indicates that the enhanced pole tide found in the North Sea along the Denmark–Netherlands coast is actually the coastal set-up response to wind stress forcing with a periodicity of around 14 months. We find no need to invoke a geophysical explanation involving resonance enhancement of the pole tide in the North Sea to explain the observations. 相似文献