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1.
西施舌人工育苗及幼虫、稚贝生长研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对西施舌 (Coelomactraantiquata)室内人工育苗进行了研究。结果表明 ,西施舌在广东的繁殖高峰期为 5～ 6月 ,用阴干加流水刺激的方法诱导亲贝排放精卵 ,其受精率和孵化率可达 98%左右。 1997年和 1999年两次育苗试验结果 :在盐度为 2 6 .0 0～ 32 .0 0、水温为 2 3～ 2 6℃条件下 ,幼虫在培育密度为 1～ 2mL- 1时生长较好 ,经 9～ 10d培育 ,可进入附着变态期 ,其壳长生长速度为14 .1μm·d- 1。稚贝阶段在日流水量为育苗水体的 1.5～ 2 .0倍时取得较好效果 ,其壳长生长速度为 112 .4 μm·d- 1。 相似文献
2.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(4)
在室内条件下,以珠母贝(Pinctada margaritifera)稚贝作为实验对象,设置10、12、14、16、18、20、23、26、29、31、33、35、37℃组和常温组(27.3~30.6℃,CK),研究珠母贝稚贝温度适应性。结果表明:10、12及37℃条件下,珠母贝稚贝存活12d、15d及48 h;稚贝适宜存活温度为15.3~33.4℃,最适宜存活温度为23~31℃,低温和高温敏感起始点分别为26和31℃;稚贝适宜生长温度为17.8~33.1℃,最适生长温度为29~3 1℃;温度对稚贝水层分布和生理产生影响,35℃时稚贝在水面以上的分布显著高于其他组,10~14及35~37℃组稚贝活动、摄食能力差,16~33℃稚贝运动、摄食能力好。 相似文献
3.
西施舌生长的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于 1998年 11月至 2 0 0 2年 12月 ,在福建长乐对西施舌 (Coelemactraantiguata)的生物学特征进行测定 ,以人工养殖方法观察其周年生长情况。观测结果表明 ,长乐沿海西施舌的群体组成以体长 6 1～ 110mm占优势 ,其频率 ( fn)为 0 .14 0～ 0 .2 2 2～ 0 .12 5。不同大小的西施舌 ,软体部肥满度指数 (CI)具有明显的季节差异。 1龄西施舌月平均体长增长 4 .0 5mm ;2龄的为 2 .31mm ;3龄的为 1.83mm ;1～ 3龄为成体生长发育阶段 ,3龄之后趋向衰老。不同发育生长阶段的壳高与壳长直线回归关系 :幼虫期H =0 .994L - 13.0 7;稚贝期H =0 .90 5L - 4.76 ;幼贝期H =0 .0 14 +0 .82 4L ;成贝期H =0 .36 7+0 .72 4L。 相似文献
4.
西施舌生长的研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
于1998年11月至2002年12月，在福建长乐对西施舌(Coelemactra antiguata)的生物学特征进行测定，以人工养殖方法观察其周年生长情况。观测结果表明，长乐沿海西施舌的群体组成以体长61—110mm占优势，其频率(f/n)为0．140—0．222—0．125。不同大小的西施舌，软体部肥满度指数(CI)具有明显的季节差异。1龄西施舌月平均体长增长4．05mm；2龄的为2．31mm；3龄的为1．83mm；1—3龄为成体生长发育阶段，3龄之后趋向衰老。不同发育生长阶段的壳高与壳长直线回归关系：幼虫期H=0．994L—13．07；稚贝期H=0．905L—4．76；幼贝期H＝0．0144 0．824L；成贝期H=0．367 0．724L。 相似文献
5.
墨西哥湾扇贝稚贝盐度适应性的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在室内控制条件下,观察不同海水盐度对墨西哥湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians concentricusSay)稚贝存活及生长的影响,并将168 h 50%死亡的盐度作为适宜生存临界盐度,将增长率为最佳增长率30%时所对应的盐度作为适宜生长临界盐度。结果表明:在稚贝壳高4.38 mm±0.31 mm,水温25.4~27.8℃,pH值7.8~8.2下,墨西哥湾扇贝稚贝适宜生存盐度为23.6~35.7,最适生存盐度为26.0~31.3;适宜生长盐度为23.9~35.8,最适生长盐度为28.7~31.3。在盐度变化超出最适范围时,`墨西哥湾扇贝稚贝对低盐更为敏感,高盐比低盐对稚贝存活、生长、增重的影响小。当盐度为28.7时,墨西哥湾扇贝稚贝具有最高的相对存活率(100%)、壳高日增长率(0.116 2 mm.d-1)及体重日增长率(1.95 mg.d-1)。当盐度在最适范围之外升高或降低,稚贝的存活率、壳高及体重日增长率也随着降低。 相似文献
6.
在水温26.8~31.8℃、PH值7.8~8.1室内条件下,于12.8~37.1盐度范围设置10个梯度,观察不同海水盐度对施獭蛤(Lutraria sieboldii)稚贝存活及生长的影响。结果表明:施獭蛤稚贝适宜生存盐度为19.8~33.8,最适宜生存盐度为26.3~31.7;适宜生长盐度为21.9~33.7,最适宜生长盐度为26.3~29.0。 相似文献
7.
研究了光合细菌（下简称PSB）作为饵料添加剂在马氏珠母贝育苗中的饵料效果。结果表明：（1）单独投喂PSB,幼虫能生长发育并附着变态形成稚贝,但其长速、稚贝总育成率均低于单独投喂单胞藻的对照组;（2）用PSB与单胞藻混合投喂,幼虫的长速、稚贝总育成率均高于对照组;（3）添加PSB后,在眼点幼虫附着前不换水,幼虫的长速和眼点形成率均高于换水;但在眼点幼虫进入附着期仍不换水,则稚贝生长速度,总育成率均低于换水;（4）当PSB菌液密度为10×10-6个／cm3时,PSB投喂量以每天25×10-6为最佳,稚贝总育成率达到26．6％,而对照组仅为4．6％。 相似文献
8.
《广东海洋大学学报》2017,(3)
在实验室室内控温控盐条件下,采用生态学方法研究印尼大珠母贝(Pinctada maxima)稚贝水体温度和盐度的耐受性。结果表明,在温度条件中,12、13、14℃低温区为致死温度,稚贝100%死亡分别耗时6、9、12d;15、16、17、18℃低温区及常温组(26~28℃)存活率分别为41.11%、78.91%、91.10%、94.43%和96.67%;受寒致死温度为15.12℃,低温敏感起始点为16℃;36、37、38℃高温区为致死温度,全部稚贝死亡分别耗时8、3、2 d;常温、32、33、34、35℃高温区组存活率分别为96.67%、93.32%、88.91%、73.40%和14.31%;受热致死温度为34.35℃,高温敏感起始点为34℃;存活率在低温端下降更迅速,稚贝对低温更为敏感。在盐度条件中,盐度12低盐组,5 d内稚贝100%死亡,盐度42、45的高盐组,全部稚贝分别在18 d和4 d内死亡,其它盐度组保持存活;适宜及最适生存盐度分别为16.3~39.5和24~33;适宜及最适宜生长盐度分别为13.1~37.8和27;低、高盐敏感起始点分别为盐度21、36。 相似文献
9.
华贵栉孔扇贝稚贝盐度适应性的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过室内实验研究了水温28.5～29.4℃、pH值7.6～8.1条件下,华贵栉孔扇贝Chlamys nobilis(Reeve)稚贝(壳高9.77±0.19mm)对不同盐度的适应性。结果表明:华贵栉孔扇贝稚贝适宜生存盐度为24.27~37.18,最适生存盐度为26.91~32.13,适宜生长盐度为24.56~37.09,最适生长盐度为26.91~29.52。在适宜生存盐度范围内,当盐度变化超出最适范围时,低盐端变化对相对成活率、壳高日增长率、体重日增长率影响比高盐端明显。 相似文献
10.
为解决施氏獭蛤天然种苗匮乏和人工育苗技术尚不成熟的问题,促进其产业发展,于2013年开展了施氏獭蛤(Lutraria sieboldii Reeve)室内规模化人工育苗技术研究。采用池底铺沙,饵料以单胞藻为主,并辅以鸡蛋黄和淀粉,施氏獭蛤亲贝存活率89.7%,雄贝和雌贝性腺成熟率分别为89.1%和78.7%,亲贝产卵量126万粒/个,受精率达到93.4%。在水温25.5~26.5℃,盐度27.3~28.5条件下,施氏獭蛤受精后15 min和25 min分别释放第一极体和第二极体,受精后35 min达到2细胞期,约4 h 40 min形成原肠胚期,6 h 25 min形成担轮幼虫,受精后14 h进入面盘幼虫期。投喂不同的开口饵料,施氏獭蛤面盘幼虫生长速率不同。单独投喂湛江等边金藻、湛江等边金藻+小球藻和单独投喂小球藻,5日龄幼虫壳长分别为130、118和105μm,说明单独投喂湛江等边金藻培育效果最好。湛江等鞭金藻+小球藻、小球藻+牟氏角毛藻、牟氏角毛藻+湛江等鞭金藻、湛江等鞭金藻+亚心形扁藻等不同饵料组合对施氏獭蛤幼虫和稚贝生长影响均差异显著(P0.05),其中小球藻+牟氏角毛藻组合培育幼虫效果最佳,而湛江等鞭金藻+亚心形扁藻培育稚贝效果最好。不同附着基对施氏獭蛤幼虫的生长和存活产生显著影响(P0.05)。采用遮光网、聚乙烯网片、细砂、河口沉积泥和附着板5种附着基,考察幼虫生长和存活两个指标,结果表明,附着板效果最好。通过两批生产性育苗,亲贝的催产率达到90%,浮游幼虫平均存活率为84.3%,培育出壳长为2.5~3.0 mm的稚贝3 180万粒,平均稚贝育成率达到33.1%。 相似文献
11.
温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了温度22、25、28、31和34℃下奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力。结果表明:1)不同温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长有显著影响(P<0.05),温度为31℃时,仔稚鱼生长速度和绝对增重率最高,分别为0.08cm/d和0.035g/d;温度为22℃时最低,仅0.06cm/d和0.020g/d。2)饲料系数在28℃时最低,仅1.90;22和34℃时较高,达2.14和2.17,各组差异显著(P<0.05)。3)在仔稚鱼发育和存活率上,当温度在22～34℃时,温度越高,仔稚鱼发育越好;各组仔稚鱼的存活率介于93.7%～94.7%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)在消化酶活力上,胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力随温度升高而升高,均在34℃时活力最高;脂肪酶活力在31℃时达到最高,22℃时活力最低。 相似文献
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13.
The relationships between the neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartrami, and the relative ocean environmental factors are analyzed. The environmental factors collected are sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll concentration (Chl-a) and sea surface height (SSH) from NASA, as well as the yields of neon flying squid in the North Pacific Ocean. The results show that the favorable temperature for neon flying squid living is 10℃-22℃ and the favorite temperature is between 15℃-17℃. The Chl-a concentration is 0.1-0.6 mg/m3. When Chl-a concentration changes to 0.12-0.14 mg/m3, the probability of forming fishing ground becomes very high. In most fishing grounds,the SSH is higher than the mean SSH. The generalized additive model (GAM) was applied to analyze the correlations between neon flying squid and ocean environmental factors. Every year, squids migrate northward from June to August and return southward during October-November, and the characteristics of the both migrations are very different. When squids migrate to the north, most relationships between the yields and SST are positive. The relationships are negative when squids move to southward. The relationships between the yields and Chl-a concentrations are negative from June to October, and insignificant in November. There is no obvious correlation between the catches of squid and longitude, but good with latitude. 相似文献
14.
曼氏无针乌贼幼体生态因子耐受性的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
研究了温度、盐度、pH值的变化对曼氏无针乌贼幼体成活率和活力的影响。结果表明,曼氏无针乌贼幼体的生存盐度为11.73~31.43,适宜盐度为19.61~26.18;生存水温为14~30℃,适宜水温为22~28℃;生存pH值为6.0~9.5,适宜pH值为7.5~8.5。说明环境因子变化对幼体存活有较大影响。乌贼幼体对渐变的适应性强,幼体成活率渐变大于突变,但温、盐度的耐受值宽度并未增大。 相似文献
15.
A Gram negative bacterium Ar/W/b/75°25＇N/1 producing extracellular alkaline protease was isolated from surface water of latitude 75°25＇N, and longitude 162°25＇W in Chukchi sea, Arctic. The strain can grow at the temperature range from 7℃ to 30℃, and grow better at 30(℃. It can not grow at 40℃. Keeping certain salinity concentration in medium is necessary for cell growth. It grows well in medium containing salinity concentration from 0. 5 % to 10 % sodium chloride. Glucose, sucrose and soluble starch can be utilized by the strain, among which glucose is the optimal carbon source. Peptone is the optimal organic nitrogen source for cell growth and protease producing, and ammonium nitrate is the optimal inorganic nitrogen source.About 75.7% of total protease of the strain are extracellular enzyme. Optimal temperature for proteolytic activity is at 40℃. Protease of the strain keeps stable below 40℃, and shows high proteolytic activity within the pH range from 7 to 11. 相似文献
16.
Microorganisms living in polar zones play an important part as the potential source of organic activity materials with low temperature characteristics in the bio-technological applications. A psychrotrophic bacterium (strain Ar/w/b/75°/10/5) , producing cellulose at low temperatures during late-exponential and early-stationary phases of cell growth, was isolated from sea ice-covered surface water in Chuckchi Sea, Arctic. This bacterium, with rod cells, was Gram-negative, slightly halophilic. Colony growing on agar plate was in black. Optimum growth temperature was 15℃. No cell growth was observed at 351 or above. Optimum salt concentration for cell growth was between 2 and 3 % of sodium chloride in media. Maximal cellulase activity was detected at a temperature of 35℃ and pH8. Cellulase was irreversibly inactivated when incubated at 55℃ within 30 min. Enzyme can be kept stable at the temperature no higher than 25℃. Of special interest was that this bacterium produced various extracellular enzymes i 相似文献
17.
基于GIS的印度洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓钓获率与水温关系的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用GIS定性分析和数值分析的方法,研究了印度洋大眼金枪鱼延绳钓钓获率与水温的 关系。结果表明,大眼金枪鱼延绳钓高钓获率的出现与印度洋加权水温大面分布存在明显的相互 关系,大眼金枪鱼的渔获适温在14～17℃间。建议测量200m水深处的水温作为海上生产时的参 考。 相似文献
18.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＶａｒｉｏｕｓｃａｕｓａｔｉｖｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｗａｒｅｎｅｓｓ,ｕｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｏａｓｔａｌｗａｔｅｒｓｆｏｒａｑｕａｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ,ｅｕｔｒｏｐｈｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｃｙｓｔｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔａｔｉｏｎ (Ｈａｌｌｅｇｒｅａｆｆｅｔａｌ.,1 995)ｈａｓｌｅｄｔｏｅｘｔｅｎｓ ｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｔｈｅｇｌｏｂａｌｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｉｎＨＡＢ (ＨａｒｍｆｕｌＡｌｇａｌＢｌｏｏｍ) .ＹｅｔｔｈｅＨＡＢｍｅｃｈａｎｉ… 相似文献
19.
GAO Hongwei） ）* MAO Mao） LIANG Chengzhu） LIN Chao） XIANG Jianhai）） Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao P. R. China ） College of Food Science Engineering Ocean University of China P. R. China ） Sh ong Entry-Exit Inspection Quarantine Bureau of P. R. China P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2009,8(1):95-99
Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was applied in the detection of the end point temperature (EPT) of thermal denatured protein in fish and meat in this study. It was also used in studying the thermal denatured temperature range of proteins in salmon and chicken meat. The results show that the temperature ranges of denatured proteins were from 65 ℃ to 75 ℃ , and these temperature ranges were influenced by the processing methods. Through SDS-PAGE, the features of repeated he... 相似文献
20.
Extracellular enzymatic activities of cold-adapted bacteria from polar oceans and effect of temperature and salinity on cell growth 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The potential of 324 bacteria isolated from different habitats in polar oceans to produce a variety of extracellular enzymatic activities at low temperature was investigated. By plate assay, lipase, protease, amylase, gelatinase, agarase, chitinase or cellulase were detected. Lipases were generally present by bacteria living in polar oceans. Protease-producing bacteria held the second highest proportion in culturable isolates. Strains producing amylase kept a relative stable proportion of around 30% in different polar marine habitats. All 50 Arctic sea-ice bacteria producing proteases were cold-adapted strains, however, only 20% were psychrophilic. 98% of them could grow at 3% NaCl, and 56% could grow without NaCl. On the other hand, 98% of these sea-ice bacteria produced extracellular proteases with optimum temperature at or higher than 35℃, well above the upper temperature limit of cell growth. Extracellular enzymes including amylase, agarase, cellulase and lipase released by bacteria from seawater or sediment in polar oceans, most expressed maximum activities between 25 and 35℃. Among extracellular enzymes released by bacterial strain BSw20308, protease expressed maximum activity at 40℃, higher than 35℃ of polysaccharide hydrolases and 25℃ of lipase. 相似文献