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从邯邢式铁矿某些蚀变矿物学特征探讨矿床的形成 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
燕山中期岩浆同化混染中奥陶统含蒸发岩层的碳酸盐岩形成富钠和挥发组分的岩浆,为岩浆后期及期后钠化、矽卡岩化及热液蚀变提供了主要物源。钠化过程中萃取了铝硅酸盐岩中的铁、钾、钙及镁等,之后,含矿气液沿减压释放带迁移,并聚集交代成矿。对某些蚀变矿物特征的研究表明,钠化、矽卡岩化和热液蚀变是交代成矿作用的统一过程.蚀变矿物学特征,不仅揭示了该矿床形成时的地质环境、物理化学条件及其演化过程的规律,并且对邯邢式铁矿床的找矿评价具有标志作用。 相似文献
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李家岭铀矿床是最近几年在相山西部发现的一个铀矿床。矿床热液蚀变特别发育并存在明显的蚀变分带现象,在对钻孔岩心样详细的野外和室内岩相学观测基础上,将李家岭铀矿床铀矿化段分为矿化中心带、矿旁蚀变带、近矿蚀变带和远矿蚀变带,其热液蚀变强度依次减弱。运用标准化Isocon图解法表明,热液蚀变带中,CaO、FeO、Fe2O3、Na2O明显增加,这与发育赤铁矿化、钠长石化、碳酸盐化相一致;K2O明显降低,这是由于钠长石交代钾长石造成K的大量迁出;而MnO、MgO在各蚀变带中呈现“此消彼长”的特征,显示出热液蚀变交代过程中并不是简单地扩散渗滤交代,可能存在对流平衡的元素迁移方式。Th、Y、Zr、Hf等微量元素变化与铀含量一致,对铀矿化具有很好地指示作用。HREE与铀矿化关系密切,随着蚀变程度增强,HREE明显增加,显示成矿流体富含HREE,并具有深源性。 相似文献
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热液成矿过程常表现在热液的交代过程中.成矿溶液从产生到结束总是伴随着交代蚀变作用,而成矿物质的集中却经常是发生在其中某一或某些阶段.在交代作用过程所形成的矿物必然会保留其形成时的某些信息.因之,研究交代蚀变矿物标型特征及共生组合,有可能建立在成矿作用过程及其产物在时间上的演化和空间上的分布,成矿物质的来源及搬运形式和集中条件等.本文从交代蚀变矿物标型特征等来研究冀南矽卡岩型铁矿床的形成. 相似文献
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四川会理岔河元古宙锡矿床的地质特征及成因探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
彭齐鸣 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(2)
岔河锡矿床产于元古宙裂谷环境中,其形成与晋宁期的花岗质岩浆活动有关。矿化及有关的矽卡岩化蚀变为含矿热液对大理岩等围岩交代的产物,皆围绕岩体接触带分布,并呈现良好的分带。含矿热液主要来自花岗岩,它提供了主要的流体和锡。锡的迁移、富集主要经历了岩浆结晶分异及围岩蚀变两个过程,分异作用是锡在热液中逐渐富集的主要原田,而云英岩化等蚀变中“脱载”出来的锡难以造成锡矿化。 相似文献
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绿泥石化是龙首山铀矿床重要的蚀变类型之一。通过对龙首山碱交代型铀矿床的绿泥石等蚀变矿物进行的岩相学和电子探针成分分析研究,确定了龙首山地区绿泥石的化学类型主要为铁镁绿泥石,少数为蠕绿泥石。依据绿泥石成因或与共生矿物的关系,绿泥石可被划分为黑云母蚀变型、长石蚀变型、沥青铀矿共生型和副矿物共生型等4种类型。泥质岩是本区绿泥石的主要原岩类型,是多期次地质作用形成的产物。研究认为,龙首山地区碱交代型铀矿床的成矿过程可表述为矿前期在相对较高温度的热液流体作用下,黑云母发生绿泥石化蚀变,随后热液继续交代长石,形成长石蚀变型绿泥石,进而在成矿期热液温度相对较低的条件下形成与沥青铀矿紧密共生的绿泥石。绿泥石在铀成矿过程中不但活化了花岗岩里的铀,而且还给铀矿化供应了相对良好的积淀环境。 相似文献
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铁氧化物-铜-金(IOCG)型矿床:基本特征、研究现状与找矿勘查 总被引：26，自引：3，他引：23
国际上对IOCG型矿床的研究如火如荼,中国则刚刚起步。文章全面评述了IOCG型矿床的研究现状,包括IOCG型矿床的定义、全球时空分布特点、成矿环境、与成矿有关的岩浆岩、矿体形态特征及围岩蚀变、矿床的形成过程、找矿评价标志等。最后,文章从IOCG型矿床的角度,对中国某些矿床进行了思考,认为长江中下游宁芜和庐枞盆地内的玢岩铁矿可能属IOCG型矿床,河北邯邢铁矿和湖北大冶铁矿也有IOCG型矿床的某些特点。 相似文献
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长江中下游成矿带的宁芜和庐枞火山岩盆地中发育了大量与早白垩世(约130 Ma)陆相火山-侵入岩有关的玢岩铁矿。这类矿床的特征为具有磁铁矿-磷灰石-阳起石(透辉石)矿物组合,在国际上一般被称为铁氧化物-磷灰石型(Iron Oxide-Apatite, IOA)或基鲁纳型(Kiruna-type)矿床。玢岩铁矿的概念自20世纪70年代提出以来,其成因就一直存在争议,主要有矿浆、岩浆热液及矿浆-热液过渡的观点。近年来的高精度年代学揭示出宁芜和庐枞盆地内玢岩铁矿在约130 Ma集中爆发成矿。矿物学、岩石学及地球化学的综合研究表明成矿物质主要来源于次火山岩体,且成矿早期流体具有高温(550~780 ℃)和超高盐度(可达90% NaCleq)的特点。这些特点与成矿岩体及周围火山岩在成矿早阶段发育大规模钠质蚀变相吻合;但同时S-Sr等同位素和流体包裹体成分分析表明在铁成矿过程中还有外来壳源(如膏盐层物质)流体的加入。一些研究工作还表明玢岩铁矿与夕卡岩型铁矿具有相似的热液蚀变演化过程,暗示两者或许存在某些成因联系,很可能是相似流体与不同性质围岩及在不同温度下水岩交代产物。这些新的证据为探讨玢岩铁矿的成矿作用过程和成因机制提供了新的制约,也带来了新问题。本文从成岩成矿年代学、成矿物质来源、成矿早期流体性质、玢岩铁矿与夕卡岩铁矿及其外围新发现的金铜矿化的成因联系等角度,对近年来长江中下游成矿带玢岩铁矿研究的主要新进展进行初步总结。当前IOA型矿床的成因研究成为国际上矿床学研究的一个热点,除了长期争论的矿浆成因和岩浆热液成因,最近提出多个了岩浆-热液复合成矿模型,如岩浆磁铁矿-气泡悬浮模型及富水铁熔体的上升、脱气和侵位成因模型。将IOA型矿床成因争论的焦点逐渐聚焦在岩浆到岩浆后(岩浆热液)阶段,铁质究竟是以含铁岩浆热液、铁矿浆 (Fe-O或P-Ca-Fe-O),还是岩浆磁铁矿微晶或其他未知的形式来富集成矿的,还有待进一步研究,文章对以上的新模型进行简要介绍和评述,并与长江中下游的矿床进行对比。 相似文献
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宁芜和庐枞火山岩盆地玢岩铁矿矿床地球化学特征及其成矿动力学背景探讨 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
玢岩铁矿是我国铁矿的一个重要成矿类型,宁芜和庐枞火山岩盆地是长江中下游地区玢岩铁矿的主要矿集区.对宁芜和庐枞盆地的构造分析结果表明,NNE向断裂和NW向断裂控制了区内的岩浆活动,断裂的交汇部位往往是玢岩铁矿产出的有利空间.综合对比了宁芜和庐枞地区玢岩铁矿成矿岩体的主量元素、稀土元素以及铅同位素特征,表明其具有相似的地球化学特征和共同的物质来源.稀土元素特征表明两盆地玢岩铁矿的成矿物质主要来源于地幔或下地壳;Pb同位素特征则进一步说明其与EM-Ⅱ型富集地幔具有密切关系.宁芜和庐枞盆地在燕山期受太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响,成矿作用受岩浆活动所控制.两盆地玢岩铁矿成矿作用的差异,可能是由于其受地壳物质混染程度不同所致. 相似文献
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宁芜南部成矿模式及对深部找矿的思考 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对长江中下游Fe-Cu-Au多金属重要成矿带的宁芜、大冶铁矿成矿模式和成矿地质背景的分析,按照成矿系列中缺位预测的原则,认为在宁芜盆地南段的岩体存在双层结构,与上层岩体有关的矿床为典型的"玢岩铁矿";深部下层岩体具有"大冶式"铁矿相似的成矿地质环境;在此基础上,提出了在宁芜玢岩铁矿下部有大冶式铁矿存在的认识,并构建了宁芜盆地南段"丰"字型成矿模式。认为采用"模式"类比、立体填图、综合物探方法进行综合探测将具有较好的找矿效果。 相似文献
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Late Mesozoic volcanic-subvolcanic rocks and related iron deposits, known as porphyry iron deposits in China, are widespread in the Ningwu ore district (Cretaceous basin) of the middle–lower Yangtze River polymetallic ore belt, East China. Two types of Late Mesozoic magmatic rocks are exposed: one is dioritic rocks closely related to iron mineralization as the hosted rock, and the other one is granodioritic (-granitic) rocks that cut the ore bodies. To understand the age of the iron mineralization and the ore-forming event, detailed zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope measurement were performed on granodioritic stocks in the Washan, Gaocun-Nanshan, Dongshan and Heshangqiao iron deposits in the basin. Four emplacement and crystallization (typically for zircons) ages of granodioritic rocks were measured as 126.1±0.5 Ma, 126.8±0.5 Ma, 127.3±0.5 Ma and 126.3±0.4 Ma, respectively in these four deposits, with the LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb method. Based on the above results combined with previous dating, it is inferred that the iron deposits in the Ningwu Cretaceous basin occurred in a very short period of 131–127 Ma. In situ zircon Hf compositions of εHf(t) of the granodiorite are mainly from ?3 to ?8 and their corresponding 176Hf/177Hf ratio are from 0.28245 to 0.28265, indicating similar characteristics of dioritic rocks in the basin. We infer that granodioritic rocks occurring in the Ningwu ore district have an original relationship with dioritic rocks. These new results provide significant evidence for further study of this ore district so as to understand the ore-forming event in the study area. 相似文献
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Skarns, ores and hydrothermally metasomatic rocks associated with some major skarn iron deposits in China contain abundant volatile components, such as F, Cl and H2O. Alkaline (sodic or potassic) metasomatism is obviously evident in the magmatic and other alumo-silicate wall rocks. They may serve as important ore-searching indicators. In this paper, the probable source of iron fluids, transport forms of iron and conditions of precipitation of magnetite are also discussed. From the studies of major skarn iron deposits in China, the authors hold that volatile components, such as F, Cl, H2O, etc., and alkaline (K, Na) metasomatism play a very important role in the formation of this type of iron deposits[1, 2, 3]. 相似文献
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西藏自治区地质工作开展得较晚,研究程度无论从深度或广度衡量,均远远落后于我国其它兄弟省、区。而铁矿地质工作就更晚了,自六十年代末至七十年代才逐步开展普查工作,至目前尚未勘探过一个矿区。为了让国内外读者了解“世界屋脊”上的铁矿概貌,作者根据各方面的地质成果,进行了初步的综合研究,现简要论述如下。 相似文献
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宁芜玢岩铁矿磷灰石的稀土元素特征 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
文章分析了宁芜玢岩铁矿 4种产状磷灰石的稀土元素组成 ,并与Kiruna型铁矿和斜长岩、苏长岩及钛铁霞辉岩中磷灰石的稀土元素组成进行了对比。结果表明产地和母岩不同的矿床中 ,它们的磷灰石稀土元素分布型式一致 ,以轻稀土富集和Eu负异常明显为特征 ,属陆相岩浆成因。前 3种产状磷灰石的ΣREE变化于 30 31.48×10 -6～ 12 0 80× 10 -6,第 4种产状磷灰石的ΣREE仅为 195 8× 10 -6,反映岩浆演化到热液的晚期阶段成矿溶液稀土元素含量较低。尽管辉长闪长玢岩与磷灰石的稀土元素分布型式一致 ,但辉长闪长玢岩无Eu异常或有弱Eu正异常 ,代表它们的地幔源区低氧逸度的还原环境 ,或反映氧逸度较高情况下的分离结晶作用。不混溶作用形成的矿浆在冷凝过程中 ,Eu2 + 优先被透辉石捕获 ,使得稍晚结晶的磷灰石产生负Eu异常 相似文献
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V. L. Rusinov O. V. Rusinova S. G. Kryazhev Yu. V. Shchegol’kov E. I. Alysheva S. E. Borisovsky 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2008,50(1):1-40
The Lena gold district is situated in the fold-and-shear belt of the southern framework of the Siberian Platform. The gold deposits are hosted in the Riphean-Vendian Khomolkho and Aunakit formations, revealing the strict control of ore mineralization by folding and shearing. The microstructure of metasomatically altered ore-bearing carbonaceous sedimentary rocks at the Sukhoi Log, Golets Vysochaishy, and Verninsky deposits (the latter includes the Pervenets vein zone) testifies to parallelism in the development of shearing, foliation, and ore-forming metasomatism. The local pressure gradients are marked by removal of silica from pressured zones into opened cleavage fractures and pockets. Two metasomatic stages are recognized: (1) early sodic metasomatism, which is characterized by the assemblage of magnesian siderite and paragonite, and (2) late potassic metasomatism, with formation of muscovite in association with sideroplesite and ankerite. The rocks altered at the early stage are distinguished by elevated Ni, Cr, and probably PGE contents. The second stage, close in age to the emplacement of Hercynian granitic plutons, was accompanied by the gain of chalcophile metals and deposition of the bulk of gold. In mineral composition, the metasomatic rocks are close to beresites, but the alteration differed in somewhat elevated alkalinity, so that microveinlets of albite and potassium feldspar occur in the ore zone together with muscovite. The ratio of modal muscovite to paragonite contents in orebodies is substantially higher than in the surrounding metasomatized rocks. This ratio directly depends on the degree of rock permeability and the intensity of the flow of ore-forming solutions. Carbonaceous matter (CM) in the ore zone underwent reworking and redeposition. CM is graphitized to a lesser extent than in the rocks affected by regional metamorphism. The spatial distribution of CM containing nitro and amino groups indicates more oxidizing conditions in the zone of ore deposition than at a distance from this zone. The temperature of metasomatic processes estimated from the muscovite, muscovite-paragonite, and chlorite mineral thermometers and fluid inclusions in quartz was 300–350°C at a pressure of about 1 kbar. The S, O, and C isotopic compositions of ore-forming fluids that pertain to the second stage of metasomatism (δ34S= +8.5‰, δ18O = +10‰, and δ13C= ?11 to ?18‰) indicate their crustal origin. The generally similar conditions and products of the ore-forming metasomatic process at the giant Sukhoi Log deposit and at the small Golets Vysochaishy deposit are combined with some differences. The formation of the described deposits was related to the deep convection of fluids along shear zones followed by more local flows of postmagmatic solutions derived from the emplaced granitic magma. 相似文献