共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
黄皓平 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1990,(4)
首次提出用广义逆理论解决数值计算中结点分布的最优化问题。由于文章的目的仅在于提出和说明这种方法的概念,所以只考虑一种典型的一维大地模型,并叙述了广义逆理论在这种应用中的基本关系。结果表明这种算法可给出最佳的结点分布。雅可比矩阵,奇异值和对应的特征向量的分析,可以从本质上理解不同电性层中结点分布对数值计算精度的影响,对设计数值模型具有很重要的指导意义。本文的结果对二维和三维复杂模型的数值计算具有重要的参考意义。 相似文献
3.
含自由面的无压渗流问题本质上是一类非线性自由边值问题,固定网格的结点虚流量法在全域范围内不断扣除虚域流量贡献,从而使该问题得到求解。它具有网格依赖性小、出逸点收敛快等优点,但其内在理论基础尚未被完全揭示。通过引入互补型约束条件建立了结点虚流量法和Signorini型变分不等式提法的等价性桥梁,在此基础上引入过渡区放大系数 对自由面判别准则进行优化,并以砂槽模型试验为例进行验证。对比结果表明,优化后算法数值稳定性更好,计算结果与试验数据吻合度更高。研究成果为超大规模网格的渗控结构优化设计提供了有效分析手段。 相似文献
4.
给出了一种求解多块体接触的有限元解法,即将接触面条件精确引入并以节点接触力为基本未知量,把高度接触非线性问题凝缩在可能接触面上进行。首先从两块体三维接触力学模型着手,从整体有限元方程导出增量形式的协调方程,在此基础上详细讨论了多块体接触协调方程的建立方法。随后以广义Mohr-Coulomb准则为摩擦力条件,给出了增量形式的定解和判定条件。程序实施时,针对三维接触问题滑动方向无穷的问题,同时对接触状态及滑动摩擦力分量进行判定,使得迭代收敛快速准确;对于多块体常见的非光滑接触,即角点问题,将角点分类,并根据角点实际的接触状态分情况给出了更为合理的处理方法。通过算例验证后的程序应用于不连续面地下洞室开挖模拟,取得了满意的结果。 相似文献
5.
C. Siefert R. Tuminaro A. Gerstenberger G. Scovazzi S. S. Collis 《Computational Geosciences》2014,18(5):597-612
We present a parallel algebraic multigrid (AMG) algorithm for the implicit solution of the Darcy problem discretized by the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method that scales optimally for regular and irregular meshes. The main idea centers on recasting the preconditioning problem so that existing AMG solvers for nodal lower order finite elements can be leveraged. This is accomplished by a transformation operator which maps the solution from a Lagrange basis representation to a Legendre basis representation. While this mapping function must be user supplied, we demonstrate how easily it can be constructed for somepopular finite element representations includingquadrilateral/hexahedral and triangular/tetrahedral DG formulations. Furthermore, we show that the mapping does not depend on the Jacobian transformation between reference and physical space and so it can be constructed with very limited mesh information. Parallel performance studies demonstrate the versatility of this approach. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
In engineering practices, different numerical methods for fluid flow simulation and solid deformation/stress simulation are adopted to model fluid–structure interaction problems in porous media. Cell‐centered finite volume method is widely used in fluid flow simulation, while the solid deformation/stress simulation is usually accomplished by using the Galerkin vertex‐centered finite element method, which leads to the incompatibility between cell variables with nodal variables. Therefore, the data transfer between cell variables and nodal variables is inevitable. Consequently, this kind of transfer will lead to extra artificial error. Hence, the major concern is how to minimize the error due to cell to node projections. In this paper, a problem of pore pressure diffusion within a one‐dimensional heterogeneous porous medium is investigated. We present a new projection scheme and corresponding error formula, where the error control factor is introduced. The new projection scheme is based on piecewise linear interpolations. Results demonstrate that if the error control factor is chosen properly, the error due to the projection from cell to node can be controlled effectively, and the most desired zero error can be achieved. Finally, we analyze some practical cases in consideration of permeability contrast and mesh uniformity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
9.
The problem of finite element simulation of incompressible fluid flow in porous medium is considered. The porous medium is characterized by the X‐ray microtomography technique in three dimensions. The finite calculus‐based stabilization technique is reviewed to implement the equal order finite element interpolation functions for both velocity and pressure. A noble preconditioner, the nodal block diagonal preconditioner, is considered whose performance is thoroughly investigated. Combining this preconditioner with a standard iterative solver during the computational homogenization procedure, it is possible to carry out the large‐scale fluid flow simulation for estimating permeability of the porous medium with reasonable accuracy and reliability. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
样条函数模拟土坡滑动面的效率分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
土坡稳定分析中,二维滑动面通常由一系列点顺序连接产生,并且将点的坐标当作优化变量来搜索临界滑动面,当点的个数较多时会导致优化变量较多;只需给定少量的控制节点,即可利用三次样条函数得到光滑的曲线作为任意滑动面,该法对于含软弱夹层土坡,无需事先指定直线段。利用不平衡推力法计算给定滑动面的安全系数,采取和声搜索算法确定最小安全系数相应的临界滑动面。对3个土坡算例进行了比较分析,比较了常规策略与样条函数方法在模拟土坡滑动面时的效率。 相似文献
11.
Reservoir simulators typically use cell‐centered finite volume schemes and do not model directly the coupling of the flow processes with the geomechanics. Coupling of geomechanics with fluid flow can be important in many cases, but introducing fully coupled geomechanical effects in those simulators is not a trivial issue, because the geomechanics is better done by using the Galerkin vertex‐centered finite element methods by which the solid displacements are computed at the vertices of the cells. This creates difficulties in interfacing cell variables with nodal variables. Uncoupled or loosely coupled models are used by many researchers/practitioners by which a reservoir model is coupled to a geomechanical model by staggering in‐time flow and deformation via a sophisticated interface that repeatedly calls first flow and then mechanics. The method therefore requires projection of the reservoir cell variables onto the nodes of the geomechanics Galerkin finite element mesh. In this note, we attempt to quantify the errors associated with cell to node projection operations. For that purpose, we use a simple model of the pressure equation for a heterogeneous medium in one dimension. We are able to derive the exact analytical solution for this problem for both nodal and cell pressures. This allows us to compute the errors due to projection analytically, function of meshing refinement and permeability field variations. We compute upper and lower bounds for the errors, and analyze their magnitude for a variety of cases. We conclude that, in general, cell to node projection operations lead to substantial errors. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
随着隧道掘进机（tunnel boring machine, TBM）开挖隧道埋深逐渐加大,穿越的地层结构更加复杂,如何降低卡机风险成为亟待解决的问题。提出了一种基于牛顿迭代和有限元理论的TBM护盾?围岩相互作用荷载反演方法。该反演方法以护盾内表面测点应变测量值与计算值的误差作为目标函数,并引入Moore-Penrose广义逆对反演方程进行求解。采用了护盾外表面有限分区的策略,定义各分区节点荷载值为反演参数,可以方便地控制反演参数的数量。各分区内部荷载通过节点值插值得到,实现了护盾表面任意分布荷载的离散拟合。算例结果表明：该反演方法计算效率高,对观测值误差具有很好的免疫效果;能够有效地获取护盾外表面的荷载分布规律和摩阻力的大小,在一定程度上能够为现场安全掘进、卡机预警以及事故处理提供指导。同时,该反演算法也可以扩展到低维情况,对其他结构受力或者物理参数的反演具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
13.
边坡岩体结构的三维失稳形式及稳定性分析研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由两组结构面控制的四面体块体是岩体中最基本的结构体, 其稳定性取决于块体所受荷载及结构面上的摩阻力。正确判定边界面上摩阻力分布是评价块体稳定性的关键。本文提出的块体稳定性分析适用于岩体所受荷载为三维非共点力系。在不同外力作用下块体可产生平动、转动、翘扭及倾倒等各种三维失稳组合形式, 从而得到更为合理的块体稳定性评价。 相似文献
14.
Projection, or conjugate gradient like, methods are becoming increasingly popular for the efficient solution of large sparse sets of unsymmetric indefinite equations arising from the numerical integration of (initial) boundary value problems. One such problem is soil consolidation coupling a flow and a structural model, typically solved by finite elements (FE) in space and a marching scheme in time (e.g. the Crank–Nicolson scheme). The attraction of a projection method stems from a number of factors, including the ease of implementation, the requirement of limited core memory and the low computational cost if a cheap and effective matrix preconditioner is available. In the present paper, biconjugate gradient stabilized (Bi‐ CGSTAB) is used to solve FE consolidation equations in 2‐D and 3‐D settings with variable time integration steps. Three different nodal orderings are selected along with the preconditioner ILUT based on incomplete triangular factorization and variable fill‐in. The overall cost of the solver is made up of the preconditioning cost plus the cost to converge which is in turn related to the number of iterations and the elementary operations required by each iteration. The results show that nodal ordering affects the perfor mance of Bi‐CGSTAB. For normally conditioned consolidation problems Bi‐CGSTAB with the best ILUT preconditioner may converge in a number of iterations up to two order of magnitude smaller than the size of the FE model and proves an accurate, cost‐effective and robust alternative to direct methods. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
S. W. Sloan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1989,13(3):263-282
This paper describes a technique for computing rigorous upper bounds on limit loads under conditions of plane strain. The method assumes a perfectly plastic soil model, which is either purely cohesive or cohesive-frictional, and employs finite elements in conjunction with the upper bound theorem of classical plasticity theory. The computational procedure uses three-noded triangular elements with the unknown velocities as the nodal variables. An additional set of unknowns, the plastic multiplier rates, is associated with each element. Kinematically admissible velocity discontinuities are permitted along specified planes within the grid. The finite element formulation of the upper bound theorem leads to a classical linear programming problem where the objective function, which is to be minimized, corresponds to the dissipated power and is expressed in terms of the velocities and plastic multiplier rates. The unknowns are subject to a set of linear constraints arising from the imposition of the flow rulé and velocity boundary conditions. It is shown that the upper bound optimization problem may be solved efficiently by applying an active set algorithm to the dual linear programming problem. Since the computed velocity field satisfies all the conditions of the upper bound theorem, the corresponding limit load is a strict upper bound on the true limit load. Other advantages include the ability to deal with complicated loading, complex geometry and a variety of boundary conditions. Several examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the procedure. 相似文献
16.
建立了求解自然裂纹和水力裂纹扩展的扩展有限元法,对裂纹附近区域的节点采用广义形函数,并采用线增函数消除混合单元,以提高裂纹附近的精度。引入水力劈裂的非耦合模型,即假设裂纹中的水压力为均布力;用砂浆法（线段-线段接触法）结合增广型拉格朗日乘子法处理受压裂纹段的接触条件。并通过算例分析了以下内容：计算了受压裂纹和裂纹面分布均布水压力的水力裂纹的应力强度因子,并与解析解进行了比较,结果表明,提出的方法具有很高的精度;模拟了水力裂纹对自然裂纹面的影响,并分析了自然裂纹面上的接触力和接触状态。 相似文献
17.
It is well accepted that severe numerical difficulties arise when using the conventional finite element displacement method to analyse incompressible, or nearly incompressible, solids. These effects are caused by the kinematic constraints imposed on the nodal velocities by the constant volume condition. In elastic-plastic analysis, these effects are due to a conflict between the plastic flow rule and the finite element discretization. Although several methods have been proposed to cope with this problem, none has been based on the appropriate choice of displacement interpolation to minimise the constraints. In this paper, a new displacement interpolation, which is able to reduce the imposed constraints, is adopted. Comparisons of the results with those from a conventional linear displacement interpolation are made for predictions of cylindrical and spherical cavity expansion limit pressures in elastic-plastic solids. This study suggests that the proposed displacement interpolation is preferable to the conventional one in the elastic-plastic finite element analysis of one dimensional-axisymmetric problems which involve nearly incompressible material behaviour. 相似文献
18.
S. W. Sloan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1988,12(1):61-77
This paper describes a technique for computing lower bound limit loads in soil mechanics under conditions of plane strain. In order to invoke the lower bound theorem of classical plasticity theory, a perfectly plastic soil model is assumed, which may be either purely cohesive or cohesive-frictional, together with an associated flow rule. Using a suitable linear approximation of the yield surface, the procedure computes a statically admissible stress field via finite elements and linear programming. The stress field is modelled using linear 3-noded traingles and statically admissible stress discontinuities may occur at the edges of each triangle. Imposition of the stress-boundary, equilibrium and yield conditions leads to an expression for the collapse load which is maximized subject to a set of linear constraints on the nodal stresses. Since all of the requirements for a statically admissible solution are satisfied exactly (except for small round-off errors in the optimization computations), the solution obtained is a strict lower bound on the true collapse load and is therefore ‘safe’. A major drawback of the technique, as first described by Lysmer,1 is the large amount of computer time required to solve the linear programming problem. This paper shows that this limitation may be avoided by using an active set algorithm, rather than the traditional simplex or revised simplex strategies, to solve the resulting optimization problem. This is due to the nature of the constraint matrix, which is always very sparse and typically has many more rows that columns. It also proved that the procedure can, without modification, be used to derive strict lower bounds for a purely cohesive soil which has increasing strength with depth. This important class of problem is difficult to tackle using conventional methods. A number of examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the procedure. 相似文献
19.
针对无压渗流问题,在传导矩阵调整法的基础上,对穿越自由面的单元用复合单元来处理,每个复合单元具有两套结点水头,一套用于饱和区的水头插值;另一套则用于无水区。通过变分原理,推出了控制方程并在程序中实现。应用复合单元法可以较好地解决自由面的插值问题,消除了穿过自由面单元的水上部分对自由面附近结点水头的贡献,同时对逸出面边界条件的处理也更加方便和准确。算例表明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
20.
多裂纹扩展的扩展有限元法分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了求解多裂纹扩展的扩展有限元法。引入裂纹交叉汇合加强函数以分析多裂纹交叉汇合过程;在裂纹附近区域使用广义形函数,并引入线增函数消除混合单元,可有效地提高裂纹附近的精度;用砂浆法（线段-线段接触法）结合增广型Lagrange乘子法处理裂纹段的接触条件,可以精确地模拟裂纹面约束,并方便地求解控制方程。算例分析了两方面内容：（1）计算交叉裂纹体的应力强度因子,结果表明提出的方法精度高;（2）模拟多裂纹扩展及交叉汇合过程,模拟的裂纹扩展路径与试验结果吻合得较好,表明了方法的可靠性。 相似文献