共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Gokhberg M. B. Kolosnitsyn N. I. Pliss A. O. Alekseev D. A. 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2022,58(2):267-273
Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—In the scope of Frenkel’s equation, an analytical solution is obtained for pore pressure and electrokinetically induced electric field... 相似文献
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Glazachev D. O. Popova O. P. Podobnaya E. D. Artemieva N. A. Shuvalov V. V. Svetsov V. V. 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2021,57(5):698-709
Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—Destruction on the Earth’s surface caused by a shock wave is one of the most important and dangerous effects from asteroid and comet... 相似文献
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Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—For determining the focal mechanism and source depth of an earthquake, a frequent practice is to use surface wave records which can be highly... 相似文献
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Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—A technique is proposed for joint inversion of the surface-wave velocity dispersion data from long travelpaths and the results of the receiver... 相似文献
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—?Measurements of group velocity are derived from phase-velocity dispersion curves and modeled with global laterally-varying isotropic structure. Maps for both Love and Rayleigh waves are created in the period range 35?s to 175?s. The data set of group-velocity measurements includes over 50,000 minor-arc observations and 5,000 major-arc observations. The errors in the measurements are estimated by an empirical method of comparing pairwise-similar paths, resulting in uncertainties which are 20% to 40% of the size of the typical measurement. The models are determined by least-squares inversion for spherical harmonic maps expanded up to degree 40. This parameterization allows for resolution of structures as small as 500?km. The models explain 70–98% of the variance relative to the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM). For the area of Eurasia, the group-velocity maps from this study are compared with those of Ritzwoller and Levshin (1998). The results of the two studies are in very good agreement, particularly in terms of spatial correlation. The models also agree in amplitude at wavelengths longer than 30?degrees. For shorter wavelengths, the agreement is good only for models at short periods. The global maps are useful for prediction of group arrival times, for revealing tectonic structures, for determination of seismic event locations and source parameters, and as a basis for regional group-velocity studies. 相似文献
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V. A. Pilipenko M. Bravo N. V. Romanova O. V. Kozyreva S. N. Samsonov Ya. A. Sakharov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2018,54(5):721-740
The propagation of perturbation caused by the interplanetary shock wave of March 17, 2015 from the solar wind through the magnetosheath, magnetosphere, and ionosphere down to the Earth’s surface is analyzed. The onboard satellite measurements, global magnetometer network data, and records by the receivers of the global positioning system (GPS) providing the information about the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere are used for the analysis. By the example of this event, various aspects of the influence of the interplanetary shock wave on the near-Earth environment and ground-based engineering systems are considered. It is shown which effects of this influence are well described by the existing theoretical models and which ones need additional research. The formation of the fine structure of the magnetic impulse of the storm sudden commencement (SC)—the preliminary impulse (PI) and main impulse (MI)—is considered. The MI and compression of the magnetospheric magnetic field is observed by the GOES and RBSP satellites and on the geomagnetically conjugate stations; however, the PI was only noted on the Earth. The PI was detected in the afternoon sector practically simultaneously (within 1 min) with the shock wave impact on the magnetopause. The wave’s response to the SC includes the strongly decaying resonant oscillations of the magnetic shells and the magnetoacoustic cavity mode. This study supports the possibility of detecting the ionospheric response to the SC by the GPS method. The TEC response to the MI was detected in the auroral latitudes although not on every radio path. The TEC modulation can be associated with the precipitation of superthermal electrons into the lower ionosphere which is undetectable by riometers. The burst in the intensity of the geomagnetically induced currents caused by an interplanetary shock wave turns out to be higher than the currents during the storm’s commencement, although the SC’s amplitude is noticeably lower than the amplitude of the magnetic bay related to the substorm. 相似文献
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Seismic Wave Velocities in Deep Sediments in Poland: Borehole and Refraction Data Compilation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sedimentary cover has significant influence on seismic wave travel times and knowing its structure is of great importance for studying deeper structures of the Earth. Seismic tomography is one of the methods that require good knowledge of seismic velocities in sediments and unfortunately by itself cannot provide detailed information about distribution of seismic velocities in sedimentary cover. This paper presents results of P-wave velocity analysis in the old Paleozoic sediments in area of Polish Lowland, Folded Area, and all sediments in complicated area of the Carpathian Mountains in Poland. Due to location on conjunction of three major tectonic units — the Precambrian East European Craton, the Paleozoic Platform of Central and Western Europe, and the Alpine orogen represented by the Carpathian Mountains the maximum depth of these sediments reaches up to 25 000 m in the Carpathian Mountains. Seismic velocities based on 492 deep boreholes with vertical seismic profiling and a total of 741 vertical seismic profiles taken from 29 seismic refraction profiles are analyzed separately for 14 geologically different units. For each unit, velocity versus depth relations are approximated by second or third order polynomials. 相似文献
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Science China Earth Sciences - The regime of plate tectonics on early Earth is one of the fundamental problems in Earth sciences. Precambrian era takes the majority (ca. 88%) of Earth’s... 相似文献
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Digital Earth在防震减灾工作中的应用——Google Earth为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
美国前副总统戈尔在1998年提出了Digital Earth的概念,本文对Digital Earth在防震减灾工作中的应用做了初步探索,对Digital Earth的主要软件——Google Earth做了介绍,并对其在防震减灾工作中的应用做了详细论述。介绍了Google Earth结合震害快速评估,构造研究、野外地震地质调查的具体应用。Digital Earth在不断发展,在我们的工作、生活中发挥了巨大作用,防震减灾工作中Digital Earth的应用才刚刚开始,可以肯定,Digital Earth作为当今科技制高点,将会使传统防震减灾工作的技术方式等产生根本性的改变。 相似文献
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We discuss how the geophysical fluids affect the Earth orientation parameters (EOP) and in particular polar motion and nutation. We show that the Earth orientation modeling is a perfect example of the integrated approach recommended by GGOS. GGOS considers the Earth system as a whole, including the solid Earth as well as the fluid components; geodesy observes and models the dynamics inside this system through the static and time-varying gravity field, the station displacements, and the Earth orientation parameters and the associated length-of-day variation, nutation and polar motion. Global-scale transfer in the Earth system and its geodetic consequences is proposed to be the central theme of GGOS. We show that the Earth orientation parameters perfectly fit this theme. 相似文献
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《Journal of Geodynamics》2006,41(4-5):394-399
We discuss how the geophysical fluids affect the Earth orientation parameters (EOP) and in particular polar motion and nutation. We show that the Earth orientation modeling is a perfect example of the integrated approach recommended by GGOS. GGOS considers the Earth system as a whole, including the solid Earth as well as the fluid components; geodesy observes and models the dynamics inside this system through the static and time-varying gravity field, the station displacements, and the Earth orientation parameters and the associated length-of-day variation, nutation and polar motion. Global-scale transfer in the Earth system and its geodetic consequences is proposed to be the central theme of GGOS. We show that the Earth orientation parameters perfectly fit this theme. 相似文献
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Shear Wave Splitting and Mantle Anisotropy: Measurements, Interpretations, and New Directions 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
Measurements of the splitting or birefringence of seismic shear waves that have passed through the Earth’s mantle yield constraints on the strength and geometry of elastic anisotropy in various regions, including the upper mantle, the transition zone, and the D″ layer. In turn, information about the occurrence and character of seismic anisotropy allows us to make inferences about the style and geometry of mantle flow because anisotropy is a direct consequence of deformational processes. While shear wave splitting is an unambiguous indicator of anisotropy, the fact that it is typically a near-vertical path-integrated measurement means that splitting measurements generally lack depth resolution. Because shear wave splitting yields some of the most direct constraints we have on mantle flow, however, understanding how to make and interpret splitting measurements correctly and how to relate them properly to mantle flow is of paramount importance to the study of mantle dynamics. In this paper, we review the state of the art and recent developments in the measurement and interpretation of shear wave splitting—including new measurement methodologies and forward and inverse modeling techniques,—provide an overview of data sets from different tectonic settings, show how they help us relate mantle flow to surface tectonics, and discuss new directions that should help to advance the shear wave splitting field. 相似文献
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B. W. Levin E. V. Sasorova G. M. Steblov A. V. Domanskii A. S. Prytkov E. N. Tsyba 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(4):540-544
For more than a decade, the global network of GPS stations whose measurements are part of the International GPS Service (IGS) have been recording cyclic variations in the radius vector of the geodetic ellipsoid with a period of one year and amplitude of ~10 mm. The analysis of the figure of the Earth carried out by us shows that the observed variations in the vertical component of the Earth’s surface displacements can induce small changes in the flattening of the Earth’s figure which are, in turn, caused by the instability of the Earth’s rotation. The variations in the angular velocity and flattening of the Earth change the kinetic energy of the Earth’s rotation. The additional energy is ~1021 J. The emerging variations in the flattening of the Earth’s ellipsoid lead to changes in the surface area of the Earth’s figure, cause the development of deformations in rocks, accumulation of damage, activation of seismotectonic processes, and preparation of earthquakes. It is shown that earthquakes can be caused by the instability of the Earth’s rotation which induces pulsations in the shape of the Earth and leads to the development of alternating-sign deformations in the Earth’s solid shell. 相似文献
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V. B. Dubovskoi V. G. Zhilnikov O. S. Kazantseva I. I. Kalinnikov V. I. Leontyev A. B. Manukin V. P. Matyunin A. V. Sbitnev 《Seismic Instruments》2018,54(5):551-556
The paper considers some original strainmeters and gravitoinertial instruments designed at the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences. The instruments are successfully used for measuring the Earth’s gravitational field, tilts, and deformations of the Earth’s crust in solving a number of applied and fundamental problems in geophysics and geodynamics, in particular, evaluating and monitoring the stability of environmentally hazardous engineering and construction objects (dams, hydroelectric dams, nuclear power plants, oil and gas pipelines, etc.), searching for the zones of weakness in the Earth’s crust, identifying precursors of natural and technological disasters, studying the Earth’s global characteristics (lunar–solar tides, irregularity of the Earth’s rotation, translational oscillations of the Earth’s core, and azimuthal shifts of lithosphere blocks). 相似文献
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本文评述了过去60年内固体地球内部几何结构和物性结构成像的进展,包括地震学研究的进展;重磁位场研究的进展;电磁学研究的进展.文章还指出了他们进一步发展的某些方面. 相似文献
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Peter Varga 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1974,112(5):777-785
Summary The question this paper is examining is the following: to what extent are the Love numbers dependent on certain characteristics of the inner structure of the Earth? It has been proven — on the basis of calculations carried out by the author-that these quantities are only in a small degree dependent on the density values measured on the surface of the Earth and on the selection of the density function in the mantle of the Earth. On the other hand the value of Love numbersh, k andl is considerably influenced by the assumptions made about the core of the Earth, namely by the position of the boundary between the core and the mantle and by the magnitude of the rigidity coefficient presumed in the core in the vicinity of the core-mantle boundary.The results of the calculations are compared with those mean values of Love numbers obtained from the data of stations operating at different places of the Earth. By reason of this it can be assumed that the core of the Earth has, in the vicinity of the core-mantle boundary, a coefficient of effective rigidity of the order of 1010 dyn/cm2, if the core-mantle boundary is placed at the relative Earth radius of 0.545 from the centre of the Earth. 相似文献
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