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1.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(4):238-239
The article examines the role of ‘local paths’ and ‘substrates’ (networks, stakeholders, and human and economic capital) in the revitalization strategies of shrinking cities. Relationships between local stakeholders as well as their initiatives to revitalize declining cities determine not only future decision-making but also the demographic, economic, environmental, and social evolution of those cities. The article analyses two medium-sized declining cities in the old industrial region of Asturias, Spain. After a presentation of the processes that led to the studied cities' rise and decline, their revitalization strategies are analysed and interpreted on the basis of the local stakeholders' role. In these cities, the impact of local factors may largely explain the uneven evolutionary path in each city following crisis in their respective leading industries. 相似文献
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A Systems Perspective on World-Systems Theory 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(2):119-126
Abstract This article presents a conceptual framework that embeds ideas from world-systems theory within the larger systemic context known as the theory of dissipative structures. This article creates a theoretical perspective on global capitalism, both geographic and historical, that offers a sufficiently general and flexible model for this particular complex system in human geography. The goal is to provide a perspective that reflects the interconnectedness of individual and separate places into a larger global system that is a single functioning spatial entity. In this view, the modern world-system becomes a culmination of its past and a prologue to its future. 相似文献
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以辽宁省14个城市为例,在利用非线性模糊综合评价法和三轴图分别测度城市经济承载力和产业结构变动规律的基础上,从相关性和贡献度两个层次探讨产业结构变动对经济承载力增长的贡献。研究结果表明:首先,1985—2014年辽宁省14个城市经济承载力整体呈现倒"U"型变化,产业结构以第二产业为主,呈现"J"型结构。其中,1985—2003年大部分城市第三产业比重上升并占据首位,产业结构优化程度加强,经济承载力稳步提升;2003—2014年第二产业比重回升,产业结构水平下滑,城市经济承载力增速放缓甚至下降。其次,辽宁14个城市的产业结构变动与城市经济承载力表现出了较强的相关性,在此基础上进行的贡献度分析表明产业结构的变动对城市经济承载力有直接且明显的贡献作用,其中第三产业贡献度最高。 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(6):493-515
Most studies of the size, growth, and distribution of cities have been based on Western economies and have identified economic factors such as scale and agglomeration economies and level of economic development as major determinants of urban growth. It is unclear whether these generalizations are applicable in socialist economies. In this paper, I argue that institutional factors have played key roles in shaping China's city system, which is characterized by declining population concentration across cities and by tremendous vertical (population growth of cities) and horizontal (addition of new cities) expansions. The empirical analysis focuses on describing the size distribution of cities, estimating a multivariate model predicting the population growth of cities, and performing a logistic regression analysis of new and existing cities. The findings underscore the effects of urban and regional development policies, socialist institutions, changes in the urban administrative system, and state and local government interests, and suggest that they as a whole are more important than economic factors in explaining the attributes and changes of China's city system. [Key words: urban growth, city system, institutional factors, China.] 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(8):815-837
A comparison of the British and Dutch experience in the 20th century makes it possible to deepen our understanding of colonial urban housing policy, and hence of the colonial city in general. Both colonial powers expressed new concern about urban living conditions at the time when they began to promote colonial development. In the British case this began in the 1930s, largely in response to local unrest and partly because of international pressure. By the 1950s, British colonial governments used housing programs to placate nationalists and to help prepare colonial societies for self-rule. The Dutch undertook similar initiatives earlier, after 1901, by forming municipal governments, improving services in autonomous native settlements, and by bringing these kampongs under municipal control. Their initiatives were more a response to domestic considerations than to colonial unrest. The Dutch incurred expenditures beyond what Indonesians could afford, but were less active than the British in house-building. Their efforts flagged as nationalist sentiment grew. Neither colonial power responded directly to poor urban conditions. Although the colonial city might have existed, it did not shape colonial urban policy in a predictable way. 相似文献
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中国煤矿城市经济系统脆弱性评价 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：17
在对经济系统脆弱性概念进行界定的基础上,从煤矿城市经济系统对区域可采煤炭资源储量的暴露－敏感性和应对能力两个方面构建了脆弱性评估模型,并对全国25个地级以上煤矿城市进行了评估;在综合考虑不同煤矿城市经济系统脆弱性特征的基础上,根据脆弱性得分运用聚类分析法划分为3种类型。结果表明:(1)我国煤矿城市经济系统脆弱性总体上随着城市发展阶段的不断演进而增大;(2)不同地域的煤矿城市经济系统脆弱性平均得分呈现出东北>中部>西部>东部的趋势,脆弱性高的煤矿城市主要集中在东北地区;(3)不同规模的煤矿城市经济系统脆弱性平均得分呈现出大城市＞中等城市＞特大城市＞小城市的变化趋势。 相似文献
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合肥经济圈空间关联时空演进研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从城市产业角度出发,依据2009~2014年的相关数据,采用城市流和ESDA模型对合肥经济圈空间关联进行分析,揭示空间相互作用的时间演变过程和空间分布。结果表明：① 经济圈形成了较稳定的中心-外围格局,空间结构呈现以合肥为中心圈层式向外辐射状,淮南和六安有望成为次增长极。② 经济圈产业外向功能性不强且出现异化,城市流倾向度呈现明显的等级异质性和不均衡性。③ 经济圈产业外向发展存在显著的空间依赖性,空间自相关符合距离衰减规律。④ 经济圈区域不平衡态势明显,空间关联的时空分异特征明显。应推进区域一体化,加快区域协调发展。 相似文献
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通过对世界国际性城市的研究梳理,提炼出城市功能驱使大城市地位转变的内在逻辑,构建了“战略功能-基础功能-城市地位”三者之间的作用模型。文章提出世界（国际性）城市功能可以分为战略功能与基础功能两类。其中,战略功能是驱使大城市地位转变的根本动力,在国家经济、区域布局中承担控制中心的角色。基础功能则是战略功能的重要外在表现,是维持和提高战略功能的重要保障,起到枢纽、节点的作用,能够提供高度现代化的基础设施与国际服务功能;同时也会间接影响战略功能的作用效果以及城市地位的转变。利用此逻辑框架,对杭州城市地位升级的实现路径进行了论证,识别出数字经济功能是杭州的战略功能,证实了数字经济的腾飞使得杭州发展迅速,城市地位提升,也回应了当下杭州进入“一线城市”的舆论呼声。 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2012,33(10):1422-1442
ABSTRACTThis article argues that contested cities are inherently characterized by uncertainty and uses the interconnections between conflict, uncertainty and urban planning as a new analytical framework for investigating conflict cities. In the contested city of Jerusalem, geopolitical uncertainty stems from the Israeli occupation over East Jerusalem. Focusing on recent urban regeneration plans for West Jerusalem’s city center, the article explores how the municipality locates, plans and imagines the city center when the city’s external and internal boundaries are contested and unfixed. A two-tier analysis is employed. First, a historical analysis shows that the “city center”, as defined by authorities, is an unfixed locale that shifts in concurrence with shifts in the city’s boundaries. Then, a geopolitical analysis shows that by shifting the city center’s boundaries, the Israeli authorities decouple the city’s economic development (in the west) from Israel’s continuing ethno-national policies (in the east). 相似文献
11.
In a growing body of literature on urbanization in China, scholars have emphasized the proactive role of the Chinese local state in urban land expansion. Drawing upon official land use change data from 1998 to 2008, this study investigates the relationship between the hierarchical structure of the Chinese urban administrative system and urban land expansion. We find that urban land expansion coincides with administrative hierarchy, and cities with higher administrative levels (ranked by central government) tend to expand more rapidly while controlling for other economic and demographic drivers of urban expansion. Spatial regime models reveal that economic and demographic drivers of urban growth are also sensitive to a city's administrative rank. By quantifying the link between a city's rank and urban land expansion, we conclude that considering the hierarchical structure of the Chinese cities will result in a fuller understanding of the rapid urban growth in China. 相似文献
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基于云南沿边地区56个县域单元1993,2002,2009,2015年人均GDP数据,运用ESDA-GIS方法分析沿边地区县域经济的空间演化格局,并探讨其驱动因素。结果表明:云南沿边地区县域经济发展和区域经济增长存在正的空间自相关,但相关性相对较弱。1993年以来,县域经济整体格局变动不大,经济热点区域始终处于弥勒、建水、蒙自等县市,冷点区域则始终处于广南、麻栗坡、绿春等县域;而经济增长格局则表现出明显的空间演化和跃迁特征。整体上看,云南沿边县域经济的空间差异较大,由随机成分造成空间异质性也逐渐增强,且东—西方向上县域经济差异有进一步扩大趋势。资源禀赋、地理区位以及区域发展政策是县域经济空间格局演化的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(8):708-721
Within the last two decades, an ostensibly new urban phenomenon—the edge city—has taken root in the U.S. metropolis. Rather than treating this sighting as an objective event to be empirically verified, the focus here is on the concept's discursive qualities. Edge city's symbolic thrust, I argue, is to resolve the ambivalence Americans have toward their cities. Ultimately, however, it fails, floundering on flawed representational tactics and a misreading of the actual dynamics of U.S. urbanization. Our urban ambivalence remains intact. 相似文献
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文化创意产业区位模型与浙江实证 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以浙江省为例,基于区位熵方法借助从业人员数据刻画文化创意产业空间格局,并运用主成分分析法与OLS模型,甄别驱动因素佐证文化创意产业区位模型。结果表明：① 市域尺度浙江文化创意产业区位规律不仅具有“资本空间”（杭州）集聚性,还具有“地方空间”（舟山、金华和台州）分异性;② 经济科教、政府支持、市场需求、环境、交通和地方性是重要区位因素,且不同重点行业、不同地理层级所受区位因素不尽相同;③ 浙江文化创意产业全行业区位特征主要是基础设施和管治双要素驱动型,8重点行业区位特征主要是“软因子”驱动型;④ 研究有助于提升城市文化创意产业政策着力点与规划调控协同性。 相似文献
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《Urban geography》2013,34(7):649-673
Recent changes involving Mexico City, the main metropolis in Mexico and one of the world's largest megacities, are a slowing demographic growth and the relocation of industrial activities from the city proper to other cities in the Central Region. One of the important features of this process is the extension of existing location economies for manufacturing industries from the strictly urban, or metropolitan scale, to a somewhat more regional level. This paper argues that this territorial restructuring is highly influenced by four main processes: (1) a spatially selective industrialization where a few cities, rural areas and economic corridors are emerging as industrial locations; (2) accessibility and transaction flows where the main road network and commodity flows determine the primary urban structure and the formation of economic corridors; (3) a concentrated pattern of foreign investment that shows a marked preference for the urban "core" and which reinforces its economic importance; (4) a territorial industrial specialization pattern whose main feature is a mixture of dispersion and concentration trends according to the type of manufacturing industry. Territorial restructuring in this region is an excellent example of an emerging spatial order associated to megaurbanization, with a rapid growth of nearby cities, a polycentric urban pattern, and the arrival of manufacturing industry in selective sites. However, this process seems to reinforce current intraregional inequalities, as the places with the best economic advantages tend to receive larger investments. 相似文献
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利用行为地理学的方法,选取湖南省益阳市为调查地点,对城区居民不同商品类型的购物行为进行调查,分析了居民购物出行的一般特征、空间特征,在此基础上得出了居民购物出行的圈层结构。通过问卷的科学分析并将结果与已有国内大城市研究结果对比,得到了如下结论：（1）中小城市居民购物出行一般特征与大城市具有很大相似性,符合购物出行一般特征的普遍规律。（2）居民购物出行呈明显的圈层结构,但与大城市不同,中小城市呈现不连续的区间分布。（3）中小城市居民出行呈现被动购物型特征。（4）城市商业空间结构、距离、价格、商品质量为居民购物出行的重要影响因素。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTAs a tribute to the massive contribution of our friend and colleague Graeme Hugo to the population and settlement geography of Australian rural areas, this paper presents a longitudinal study from his home State. It forms part of a wider study of the long-term demographic relationships between Australia’s rapidly growing regional cities and their surrounding functional regions. Of particular interest is the question of what effect the accelerating concentration of population and economic activity into a given regional city will have for the longer term demographic sustainability of its functional region as a whole. Taking the case of Port Lincoln, regional capital of most of South Australia’s Eyre Peninsula, it examines the nature of change in the functional region over the period 1947–2011, and investigates the forces feeding, and partly counteracting, the population concentration process, informed by concepts of evolutionary economic geography. In particular it traces the demographic impact (particularly differential migration and ageing trends) of exogenous shocks to the region’s essentially primary productive economic base during the period of major change from 1981 to 2011. 相似文献
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通过对日本网络型紧凑城市规划的发展机制、发展政策和代表性案例--富山市和宇都宫市的探讨,归纳总结了日本中央和地方城市政府的收缩城市规划战略政策和空间重构规划方案,借此为陷入收缩境况的中国城市在战略取向和空间重构方面提出有益启示：1）勇于接纳和面对人口减少和城市收缩这一客观事实,积极采取激活城市收缩所带来的机遇的适应性战略,而不是采取促使人口再度增加的应对性战略;2）充分考虑人口减少和老龄化社会并存的城市收缩时代特征,通过城市功能集聚的“据点化”战略和公共交通系统主导的“网络化”战略,构建多中心连接的网络型紧凑城市空间结构;3）根据人口数量变化预测结果,动态地推动城市规模的精明收缩,开展匹配存量规划或减量规划的规模适当化规划。 相似文献
19.
四川省旅游区域核心-边缘空间格局演变 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
核心-边缘理论模型是解释区域发展水平空间差异和区域经济空间结构演变模式的一种理论。已有的研究主要是探讨区域内部核心-边缘区旅游经济发展关系的不平等, 而对旅游区域核心-边缘空间结构的形成机理与演变过程鲜有涉及。以旅游资源大省-四川为例, 研究旅游区域核心-边缘空间结构的动态过程、阶段与空间结构形态的演变。实证研究结果显示, 首位分布和规模-位序分布理论能够很好地揭示旅游区域核心-边缘空间结构的演变过程; 目前四川省旅游城市核心-边缘空间结构发育典型, 核心城市-成都首位分布显著, 空间格局的演变以聚集形、非均衡的极化作用为主, 但扩散作用正逐步加强, 核心与边缘城市发展差距悬殊, 次级核心城市尚处于成长过程中; 经相关分析, 交通因素、经济发展水平、资源禀赋、城市规模、职能与城市化水平、区位因素是形成这种核心-边缘空间结构的主要因素。本文探索一种核心-边缘空间结构演化过程和阶段的定量研究方法, 并尝试解释其核心-边缘空间结构形成的原因, 不仅拓展了该理论在旅游地理学上的应用, 也丰富了该理论本身的内涵、应用及研究方法。 相似文献
20.
针对丝绸之路经济带西北段城市发展定位主观、混乱等问题,通过构建反映城市综合实力的指标体系,对域内52个地级行政单元综合实力、国土开发程度、联系强度与影响范围等进行分析。结果表明:丝绸之路经济带西北段城市综合实力呈“金字塔型”结构,城市综合实力总体偏弱,空间上呈现区域性聚集特征;城市联系未打破省域界限,核心城市服务能力不足,关键性节点城市枢纽作用弱,城市间普遍联系弱、个别联系强,极化现象明显;国土开发受政策影响大,形成“X”型格局,交通基础设施建设还需持续投入;域内东部地区城市影响力强于中、西部地区,兰州作为核心城市影响力不足,宁夏与新疆两个自治区的城市发展态势差异显著,经济带存在3个大型引力中心和1个影响力均衡带,据此将丝绸之路经济带西北段划分为东部、中部、西部和西部边疆城市四大城市影响区。 相似文献