共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
介绍了小波分析的基本原理和步骤,探讨了测井信号小波分析在高分辨率层序地层划分中的适用性及其意义。对测井信号进行小波多尺度分解后可获得不同级次的旋回周期,将钻井岩相标定的各个级别旋回层序界面与测井信号小波旋回周期对应,然后选取合适的尺度进行地层层序划分。划分结果证明小波变换非常适合中期及其以下级别旋回层序的划分。该方法对提高旋回层序的划分精度与储层评价、预测精度具有重要的意义。 相似文献
2.
测井数据小波变换用于准层序研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
层序界面的识别及其内部特征是层序地层学研究的关键问题。准层序地层单元的分界面上物理性质变化明显,测井曲线表现为突变,测井数据小波变换能够表征这种突变。以东营凹陷某井为例,选取高斯小波对SP测井数据进行小波变换,得到时频色谱图和不同尺度上的小波系数曲线。选定最佳分解尺度后,依据该尺度下小波系数模极值的位置能准确识别出准层序界面。并利用测井多尺度分析方法对不同井段GR测井曲线进行分析,得到不同尺度下的低频和高频信息能够识别出准层序内部的沉积旋回类型,建立了相应的频谱响应特征。这些探索为层序界面的定量划分及其内部特征研究提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
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上二叠统长兴组分别与飞仙关组、吴家坪组整合接触,在元坝地区为一套稳定的海相碳酸盐岩沉积建造,有利于开展层序地层学研究。通过地震地层学方法、岩石岩相地层学方法以及Daubechies小波分析方法对元坝地区长兴组层序界面、体系域进行识别及特征研究,共划分出2个Ⅲ级层序(旋回)。进一步在单井上进行米兰科维奇旋回的划分及对比,通过岩石学及Daubechies小波方法解释结果可知db5曲线,由此识别出的36个旋回与人工解释的米兰科维奇旋回良好对应。将解释结果绘制Fischer图解,进一步对所得图解进行元坝地区长兴组地层可容空间演化特征分析,再次证实元坝地区长兴组存在的2次可容空间周期变化。最后以本实例为基础对Fischer图解形态特性、影响因素进行讨论。 相似文献
4.
基于测井数据小波变换的层序划分 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
探讨了小波变换用于测井层序划分的一种方法。在论述了小波变换对信号时频分析的优势后, 介绍了连续小波变换的定义和一般步骤。以鲁西某钻井为例, 对迄今为止所能获得的分辨率最高、连续性最好的测井地质数据, 进行了连续小波变换, 提取小波变换系数的时频色谱信息。在此基础之上, 将不同时间 (深度) 尺度的旋回清晰地展现出来, 并探测到地层序列中不同级别的突变点, 从而实现对鲁西地区石炭二叠系层序、准层序的划分。这些探索为地层层序的划分提供了一种新的思路和有效途径。 相似文献
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Here, we present a new technique of noise effect attenuation in the 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data analysis using the 2D directional continuous wavelet transform (DCWT). The proposed technique is based on the application of a Gaussian low pass filter to the modulus of the 2D DCWT for low scales. After application of the low pass filter, maxima of the CWT are mapped for all range of scales. Application to a noisy GPR data shows that the proposed idea can improve GPR data analysis by the continuous wavelet transform. 相似文献
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广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面基于岩石磁参数的米兰科维奇旋回特征和地层对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
二叠纪-三叠纪之交发生了地质历史上最大的生物集群绝灭。通过对广西东攀二叠系-三叠系界线剖面不同的磁学数据进行频谱分析,其结果均具一致的功率谱峰,对比煤山剖面的同位素年龄将厚度频率35.7∶15.6∶7.7cm/cycle换算为时间周期95∶41.6∶20.5kyr/cycle,分别与米兰科维奇旋回偏心率、斜度、岁差相当,从而将地层研究的精度提高到万年级,为生物绝灭和众多地质事件提供时间上的约束。不同的磁学参数分别受控于不同的天文周期,磁性矿物种类主要受偏心率旋回控制,同时也受斜度周期的影响,而岁差周期则是促使岩石携磁能力高频变化的原因。不同二叠系—三叠系剖面(集中在界线附近)的磁化率曲线具有一致特征,可作为界线点确定的辅助依据。 相似文献
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基于米兰科维奇理论的高精度旋回识别与划分--以南图尔盖盆地Ary301井中侏罗统为例 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
将天文轨道周期与不同级别的旋回联系起来,旨在使米兰科维奇周期这一高精度时间标尺纳入高频层序地层划分中,实现高精度旋回的识别与划分。以哈萨克斯坦南图尔盖盆地Aryskum地堑Ary301井为例,基于不同沉积特征,分别对卡拉甘塞组I~IV段自然伽马测井数据进行频谱分析和连续小波变换,结果显示沉积地层中保存完好的米兰科维奇旋回,天文轨道周期对Aryskum地堑沉积过程具有明显影响,并将31.9~39.5 m旋回厚度解释为受400 kyr长偏心率周期控制,11.9~14.2 m,6.7~8.8 m旋回厚度分别受125 kyr和95 kyr短偏心率周期控制。对长、短偏心率周期进行滤波分析后,与天文模型理论周期曲线进行对比,建立卡拉甘塞组的浮动天文年代标尺,分别以400 kyr、125 kyr偏心率周期滤波曲线作为中期和短期旋回划分的参考曲线,共识别出11.5个中期旋回和47个短期旋回,为高频旋回划分提供了一种不受人为因素影响的天然标准,保证了研究区旋回划分的科学性和统一性。 相似文献
8.
小波变换在饶阳凹陷层序地层格架建立中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小波变换提供了一种研究层序地层格架的新方法,它将测井信号从一维深度域转换到二维深度—尺度域,从多尺度识别不同级次的地层旋回界面。根据小波变换的原理,确定了测井数据小波变换在层序地层划分中的地质意义,建立了四种小波变换中的地层旋回模型。在饶阳凹陷的实际应用中,选取自然伽马曲线进行小波变换,应用时频色谱图分析和快速傅里叶变换多种方法选取尺度因子。通过对时频色谱图和不同尺度下小波系数曲线的综合分析,对饶阳凹陷古近系G104井层序地层进行了划分,并以2 198.625m位置为突变界面,划分出两个较大尺度旋回,以2142.375m、2 163.875m、2 198.625m、2 238.625m位置为界面,划分出5个较小尺度旋回。实际结果应用表明,小波多尺度变换划分层序地层的结果和传统方法划分基本一致。 相似文献
9.
《China Geology》2021,4(2):274-287
As cyclical orbital movements of Earth, Milankovitch cycles can be recorded in sedimentary strata. The time they reflect can be used to accurately divide and compare strata. Milankovitch cycles recorded in strata enrich the stratigraphic theory, especially the theories of cycle stratigraphy, and thus they are widely used in geological survey engineering nowadays. This study explored the characteristics of the Milankovitch cycles recorded in the eastern depression of the North Yellow Sea Basin, highlighting their control over high-frequency stratigraphic sequences. The Eocene Milankovitch cycles in the depression were calculated based on the method proposed by J. Laskar, and their parameters primarily include eccentricity cycles of 125 ka and 99 ka, obliquity cycles of 51 ka and 39 ka, and precession cycles of 23 ka and 19 ka. Spectral analysis of gamma-ray (GR) and spontaneous potential (SP) log curves of the Eocene strata was carried out to divide and compare stratigraphic sequences, revealing that the spectral peaks correspond well to astronomical cycles. This indicates that the strata in the depression fully record Milankovitch cycles. Furthermore, there are long-, medium-, and short-term stratigraphic cycles in the eastern depression, with a thickness of 13.03–15.89 m, 3.70–5.21 m, and 2.17–2.94 m, respectively. The sedimentation rates of the Eocene strata were calculated to be 121.2–127.12 m/Ma accordingly. From the uplift to the center of the lacustrine basin along the slope in the eastern depression, both the sedimentation duration and the sediment thickness increase, while the sedimentation rate remains relatively stable. The Eocene strata can be divided into six stages of high-frequency sequences by continuous wavelet transformation, namely E6–E1 from bottom to top. The sedimentation duration and sedimentation rates of the sequences were calculated using spectral analysis with each of the sequences as a separate window. Moreover, the impacts of climate change on the sedimentary environment in the eastern depression were analyzed. It can be concluded that E6 was a lowstand system tract, E5 and E4 were lacustrine expansion system tracts, E3 was a highstand system tract, and E2 and E1 were lacustrine contraction system tracts. All these verify that Milankovitch cycles serve as an effective approach for the analysis of sedimentary cycles. 相似文献
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Shallow lacustrine carbonate microfacies document orbitally paced lake-level history in the Miocene Teruel Basin (North-East Spain) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Results are presented of a detailed carbonate petrographic study of an Upper Miocene lacustrine mixed carbonate–siliciclastic succession in the Teruel Basin (Spain) with the aim of constraining lake‐level variability at different stratigraphic scales. Regular alternations of red to green mudstone and lacustrine limestone, termed the ‘basic cycle’, reflect lake‐level variations at the metre‐scale. In an earlier study, the basic cycle was shown to be controlled by the climatic precession cycle. Petrographic analysis made it possible to distinguish two main carbonate microfacies groups characteristic of very shallow transient and shallow permanent lake environments, respectively. In addition to the basic cyclicity, the microfacies analysis reveals lake‐level variations on a larger scale. As a consequence, the astronomical forcing hypothesis of the cyclicity in the Cascante section is explored further. A climate modelling study of orbital extremes indicates that high lake levels could relate to enhanced net winter precipitation and runoff during precession minima, consistent with Mediterranean geological data. Using this phase relationship, an astronomical tuning of the cycles is established starting from astronomical ages of magnetic reversal boundaries. Subsequently, successive basic cycles are correlated to precession minima. The tuning reveals an identical number of basic cycles in the Cascante section as precession‐related sapropel cycles in the deep marine succession at Monte dei Corvi (Italy), corroborating the precessional control of the basic cycles at Cascante. Lake‐level highstands in the large‐scale cycle identified by the microfacies analysis relate to maxima in both the ca 100 and 405 kyr eccentricity cycles, again consistent with Mediterranean geological data. Subtraction of the identified astronomically related (lake‐level) variations from the palaeoenvironmental record at Cascante indicates a shift to deeper and more permanent lacustrine environments in the upper half of the section. The cause of this shift remains unclear, but it may be linked to tectonics, non‐astronomical climate, long‐period astronomical cycles or autogenic processes. 相似文献
12.
Identification of sharp and discontinuous lithological boundaries from well log signal stemming from heterogeneous subsurface structures assumes a special significance in geo-exploration studies. Well log data acquired from various geological settings generally display nonstationary/nonlinear characteristics with varying wavelengths and frequencies. Modelling of such complex well-log signals using the conventional signal processing techniques either fails to catch-up abrupt boundaries or at the best, do not provide precise information on insidious lithological discontinuities. In this paper, we have proposed a new wavelet transform-based algorithm to model the abrupt discontinuous changes from well log data by taking care of nonstationary characteristics of the signal. Prior to applying the algorithm on the geophysical well data, we analyzed the distribution of wavelet coefficients using synthetic signal generated by the first order nonstationary auto-regressive model and then applied the method on actual well log dataset obtained from the KTB bore hole, Germany. Besides identifying the formation of layered boundaries, the underlying method also maps some additional formation boundaries, which were hitherto undetected at the KTB site. The results match well with known geological lithostratigraphy and will be useful for constraining the future model of KTB bore hole data. 相似文献
13.
陆相沉积的天文地层研究方法简介——以井下地层为例 总被引：2，自引：5，他引：2
XU Dao-yi ) ZHANG Hai-feng ) HAN Yan-ben ) YIN Zhi-qiang ) LI Bao-li ) YAO Yi-min ) ) Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing ) Geological Scientific Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Company SINOPEC Dongying ) National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《地层学杂志》2007,(Z2)
通过对我国大陆三十余口井的测井资料研究成果,归纳出对陆相地层进行天文地层研究的方法。介绍了所用的新的天文周期理论值、测井资料的选取及预处理方法,重点说明谱分析的数据点数的选定、不同参数(自然伽玛、自然电位和岩屑)的测井资料谱分析结果的对比,以实例说明如何选定主要优势旋回和AR值,以及FIR数字滤波器的基本性质和数字滤波结果,小波分析的特点和通过小波图进行调频的方法,并介绍了地层单位的延续时间计算和年龄确定方法。 相似文献
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Glutenite reservoirs are characterized by strong heterogeneity, large thickness, complex rock fabric, and low maturity in terms of structure and composition, which makes the division of sedimentary periods an arduous task. This restricts the exploration and development of oil and gas fields in glutenite reservoirs. Wireline logging signals, which contain rich geological information and record the sedimentary cycle of the strata, are sensitive to changes in the lithologic interface. Moreover, the formation microscanner image (FMI) method provides a complete lithologic profile of the formation and intuitively identifies sequence boundaries, unlike cores and conventional well logs. By integrating mathematical tools based on time–frequency analysis technology of multiscale wavelet transform and FMI as the geological constraint, a sensitive logging curve was selected to delineate the sedimentary cycles of a glutenite reservoir. Optimization of wavelet decomposition parameters was conducted by employing Morlet as the wavelet base, and the scale factors were screened by the direct power spectrum method. Taking the glutenite reservoirs of the Baikouquan Formation in the MA131 well block of the Mahu Sag as the research object, the sedimentary periods of the glutenite body of well MA15 were divided under seismic constraints. The results indicated that the abrupt interface of the wavelet coefficient curve of different scale factors closely corresponded to the interface of sedimentary cycles at distinct levels. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. Subsequently, the dynamic time warping algorithm was employed for automatic stratigraphic well correlation. It is concluded that the proposed technique eliminates the overdependence on traditional methods, such as geological and well stratification information, as well as possessing superiority with regard to high precision, better flexibility, and convenient operation.
相似文献16.
Morlet小波用于测井沉积旋回多尺度特性研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
测井数据包含丰富的地质信息,是研究沉积旋回多尺度特性的主要资料。利用Morlet小波基函数对SP测井曲线进行连续小波变换,可探测到不同尺度沉积旋回的分界面。地质学意义在于:包含多个不同尺度沉积旋回信息的测井曲线,通过Morlet连续小波变换,被分解成各自独立的单一尺度的旋回,尺度因子的大小反映了地层沉积周期的长短。这也为沉积旋回的定量划分提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
17.
鲁北济阳坳陷东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段高分辨率层序地层格架 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
应用高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论,通过对地震、录井、测井资料的分析,对鲁北东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段进行了高分辨率层序地层学的划分与对比,总结出各层序地层单元及其界面在录井和地震资料中的判识标志,把研究区基准面旋回划分为短期、中期和长期3个级别的旋回层序.整个沙河街组第四段上亚段由一个长期基准面旋回组成,并划分出5个中期基准面旋回,首次建立了研究区内该亚段高分辨率层序地层格架,有利于东营凹陷南坡该亚段沉积微相和储层结构描述等精细地质研究的进一步开展. 相似文献
18.
应用高分辨率层序地层学与沉积学等理论,通过对地震、录井、测井资料的分析,对鲁北东营凹陷南坡沙河街组第四段上亚段进行了高分辨率层序地层学的划分与对比,总结出各层序地层单元及其界面在录井和地震资料中的判识标志,把研究区基准面旋回划分为短期、中期和长期3个级别的旋回层序。整个沙河街组第四段上亚段由一个长期基准面旋回组成,并划分出5个中期基准面旋回,首次建立了研究区内该亚段高分辨率层序地层格架,有利于东营凹陷南坡该亚段沉积微相和储层结构描述等精细地质研究的进一步开展。 相似文献
19.
以高分辨率层序地层学理论及其技术方法为指导,通过地表露头、岩心、测井和地震资料的综合分析,在白马庙气田上侏罗统蓬莱镇组识别出3类不同成因类型和发育规模的层序界面、3个级别的湖泛面,划分出2个长期、6个中期、38～40个短期基准面旋回层序,并对不同级次旋回层序的特征进行了详细讨论.同时,发现中期基准面旋回层序近顶部的薄层灰岩和钙质泥岩也是识别中期基准面旋回的重要标志之一.在此基础上,运用旋回等时对比法则对各级次旋回层序进行对比,建立了3个不同时间尺度的等时地层格架,认为开展高分辨率层序地层分析对深化白马庙气田蓬莱镇组气藏的勘探开发工作具有重要意义. 相似文献
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濮城油田沙三中6-10砂组高分辨率层序地层研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
研究了依据地层基准面原理进行开发调整阶段储层精细对比的方法,总结了地震、钻/测井基准面界面及地层响应特征和识别方法.以湖泛面为层序界面,在濮城油田沙三中6-10 油藏内识别出超短期、短期、中期和长期四级界面和基准面旋回,其中长期旋回相当于水下扇复合体,中期旋回相当于水下扇朵体,而短期旋回相当于水下扇叶体,短期旋回是油藏细分开发调整的最小单元.在原来5个砂组的基础上,经研究划分了6个中期旋回和27个短期旋回.在对断陷湖盆及水下扇形成的水动力过程分析的基础上,总结了水下扇形成过程中基准面旋回演化模式. 相似文献