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利用中国大陆以及蒙古、 缅甸、 印度、 尼泊尔和喜马拉雅等周边地区多年的GPS观测资料, 基于连续介质假设, 采用双三次样条函数模拟方法, 给出中国大陆整体水平位移速度, 拟合精度优于3 mm/a, 获得了中国大陆的水平应变率场, 并分析了中国大陆现今构造变形、 水平应变率场的空间分布特征. 结果表明: 对大范围、 密集的GPS速度场的连续变形分析, 既能揭示中国大陆现今构造变形的总体特征, 又能显示局部地区现今的构造活动特征. 总体上, 中国大陆构造的水平变形强度和变形速度在南北地震带产生突变, 呈西强东弱、 南强北弱态势. 而昆仑山地块中部、 鲜水河断裂带和云南中部地区, 其应变速率最大, 速度变化最快; 阿尔金断裂带现今处于其构造活动的平静期, 中天山东部地区具有拉张环境. 相似文献
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GPS结果十分清晰地刻画出中国大陆地区块体运动及内部变形特征，提供了认识印度欧亚碰撞引起的活动构造的新视角．本文回顾了4年来中国学者在利用GPS研究现今地壳运动方面所取得的成就，以及在利用InSAR技术研究强震破裂方面的进展情况．这些研究成果，标志着中国大陆构造变形的定量化研究进入了一个新阶段. 相似文献
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Current crustal movement in Chinese mainland 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
王琪 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(5):574-582
The quantification of tectonic deformation in the Eastern and Central Asia is of great significance for the study on global plate motion and lithospheric dynamics. In the past four years, the velocity field of horizontal crustal movement for the Chinese mainland has been established for the first time thanks to the intensified GPS measure-ments and its improved accuracy. The velocity field derived from GPS measurements delineates the patterns of tectonic deformation in the Chinese mainland in the unprecedented detail, and thus reveals the new features of the ongoing tectonic process resulted from the collision of Indian plate to Eurasian plate. Meanwhile, the surface offset induced by two strong earthquakes occurred in Chinese mainland was sampled precisely using InSAR technique. 相似文献
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为了研究与总结2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震前GPS与跨断层资料反映的龙门山断裂带及其周边地区的运动、构造变形、应变积累演化过程,以及汶川地震临震阶段可能的物理机制,本文综合1999~2007期GPS速度场、1999~2008年大尺度GPS基线时间序列、1985~2008年跨断层短水准等资料进行了相关分析与讨论。结果表明:(1)GPS速度剖面结果显示,宽达500km的川西高原在震前有明显的连续变形,而四川盆地一侧和跨龙门山断裂带基本没有变形趋势,表明震前川西高原在持续不断地为已经处于闭锁状态的龙门山断裂带提供能量积累。(2)GPS应变率结果显示,震前龙门山断裂带中北段的NW侧EW向挤压变形明显,变形幅度从远离断裂带较大到靠近断裂带逐渐减小,而断裂带变形微弱;龙门山断裂带西南段周边形成了显著的EW向挤压应变集中区,应变积累速率明显大于中北段。(3)断层闭锁程度反演结果显示,除了汶川地震的震源位置闭锁相对较弱,且西南段有大概20km宽度断层在12~22.5km深度为蠕滑状态以外,震前整条龙门山断裂基本处于强闭锁状态。(4)大尺度GPS基线结果显示,跨南北地震带区域的NE向基线从2005年开始普遍出现压缩转折,反映NE向地壳缩短的相对运动增强。(5)跨断层短水准场地结果显示,震前年均垂直变化速率和形变累积率很低,表明断层近场垂向活动很弱、闭锁较强。通过以上分析认为,在相对小尺度的地壳变形中,震前龙门山断裂带深浅部均处于强闭锁状态,断裂带水平与垂直变形都很微弱,这可能经历了一个缓慢的过程,而且越是临近地震的发生,微弱变形的范围可能越大;在相对大尺度的地壳变形中,震前龙门山断裂带西侧的巴颜喀拉块体东部地区经历了地壳缓慢且持续的缩短挤压变形,为龙门山断裂带应变积累持续提供了动力支持。 相似文献
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Chen Lianwang 《中国地震研究》2006,20(2):127-137
INTRODUCTIONInthe late 1980’s ,aninternational cooperation project in earth sciences ,the World Stress MapProject ,wasinitiated underthe World Lithosphere Program. Measurements andresearch achievementsof the present-daytectonic stress field worldwide were analyzed and sorted out .The project achievedgood results and based on them, a world stress database was set up,the world stress map wascompiled,andthe general andregional crustal stress patterns were discussed (Zoback,et al .,1989 ;… 相似文献
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Establishment and analyses on the unified horizontal crustal velocity fields in the Chinese mainland 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
~~Establishment and analyses on the unified horizontal crustal velocity fields in the Chinese mainland@李延兴
@胡新康
@黄城
@朱文耀
@帅平
@胡小工
@张中伏~~State Key Basic Development and Program Project(G09980407). 相似文献
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Based on GPS velocity during 1999-2007, GPS baseline time series on large scale during 1999-2008 and cross-fault leveling data during 1985-2008, the paper makes some analysis and discussion to study and summarize the movement, tectonic deformation and strain accumulation evolution characteristics of the Longmenshan fault and the surrounding area before the MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, as well as the possible physical mechanism late in the seismic cycle of the Wenchuan earthquake. Multiple results indicate that:GPS velocity profiles show that obvious continuous deformation across the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake was distributed across a zone at least 500km wide, while there was little deformation in Sichuan Basin and Longmenshan fault zone, which means that the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides energy accumulation for locked Longmenshan fault zone continuously. GPS strain rates show that the east-west compression deformation was larger in the northwest of the mid-northern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and deformation amplitude decreased gradually from far field to near fault zone, and there was little deformation in fault zone. The east-west compression deformation was significant surrounding the southwestern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, and strain accumulation rate was larger than that of mid-northern segment. Fault locking indicates nearly whole Longmenshan fault was locked before the earthquake except the source of the earthquake which was weakly locked, and a 20km width patch in southwestern segment between 12km to 22.5km depth was in creeping state. GPS baseline time series in northeast direction on large scale became compressive generally from 2005 in the North-South Seismic Belt, which reflects that relative compression deformation enhances. The cross-fault leveling data show that annual vertical change rate and deformation trend accumulation rate in the Longmenshan fault zone were little, which indicates that vertical activity near the fault was very weak and the fault was tightly locked. According to analyses of GPS and cross-fault leveling data before the Wenchuan earthquake, we consider that the Longmenshan fault is tightly locked from the surface to the deep, and the horizontal and vertical deformation are weak surrounding the fault in relatively small-scale crustal deformation. The process of weak deformation may be slow, and weak deformation area may be larger when large earthquake is coming. Continuous and slow compression deformation across eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau before the earthquake provides dynamic support for strain accumulation in the Longmenshan fault zone in relative large-scale crustal deformation. 相似文献
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Recent crustal horizontal movement in the Chinese mainland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
IntroductionSupportedbytheNationaIClimbingProject"RecentCrustalMovementandGeodynamicResearch",acrustalmovementmonitoringnetworkdistributedinChinesemainlandhasbeenmeasuredfortWotimesinl994andl996.Thenetconsistsof22stationsthatarelocatedonsev-eralmajortectonicblocksinChinesemainland.ExceptNanchongstationwhichwasdestroyedatsometimebetWeenl994and1996andre-settledinl996,alltheother2lstationswereoccupiedfortwotimes.BasedontheresuItSobtainedfromcarefulpre-processingofGPSobservations,therecent… 相似文献
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A quantitative research for present-time crustal motion in Fujian Province, China and its marginal sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Based on the Chinese mainland GPS network (1994～1996), Fujian GPS network (1995～1997), cross fault deformation network (1982～1998), precise leveling network (1973～1980) and focal mechanism solutions of the recent several tens years, we synthetically and quantitatively studied the present-time crustal motion of the southeast coast of Chinese mainland-Fujian and its marginal sea. We find that this area with its mainland together moves toward SE with a rather constant velocity of 11.2(3.0 mm/a. At the same time, there is a motion from the Quanzhou bay pointing to hinterland, with a major orientation of NW, extending toward two sides, and with an average velocity of 3.0(2.6 mm/a. The faults orienting NE show compressing motions, and the ones orienting NW show extending motions. The present-time strain field derived from crustal deformation is consistent with seismic stress field derived from the focal mechanism solutions and the tectonic stress field derived from geology data. The principal stress of compression orients NW (NWW) - SE (SEE). Demarcated by the NW orienting faults of the Quanzhou bay and Jinjiang-Yongan, the crustal motions show regional characteristics: the southwest of Fujian and the boundary of Fujian and Guangdong are areas of rising, the northeast of Fujian are areas of sinking. The horizontal strain rate and the fault motion of the former are both greater than the later. The side-transferring motion of Hymalaya collision zone and the compression of the west pacific subduction zone affect the motion of the research area. The amount of motion affected by the former is larger than the later, but the former is homogeneous and the later is not, which indicates that the events of strong earthquakes in this region relate more directly with western pacific subduction zone. 相似文献
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根据中国大陆不同来源的多个GPS区域监测网1991～1999年间的观测资料和“中国地壳运动观测网络”基本网1998～2000年的观测资料，联合处理得到中国大陆地壳水平运动速度场结果，通过最小二乘配置法建立中国大陆水平运动速度场模型，获得了基于连续介质假设的中国大陆水平应变场（或称为视应变场）初步结果. 分析了水平运动、应变场空间分布特征及其与强震的关系，并简要分析了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级大地震的区域构造变形背景. 结果表明：中国大陆中西部构造变形强烈，应变速率值高，又以青藏块体及其边缘和新疆西部最为显著. 除川滇、新疆西部外，大部分地区的近东西向断裂存在左旋剪切变形，近南北向的断裂存在右旋剪切变形. 而东部地区构造变形相对较弱. 强震通常发生在剪切应变率的高值区及其边缘，尤其是与构造变形背景相一致的剪应变率高值区. 昆仑山口西8.1级地震发生在最显著的东西向左旋剪切应变率高值区，从该区域的应变状态分析，具备近东西向断裂产生巨型走滑破裂错动的构造变形背景. 相似文献
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利用全国260多个陆态网络连续站以及2 000多个陆态网络区域站2011—2015年观测数据,计算分析中国大陆现今整体地壳构造形变特征以及板内应变场空间分布特征。根据密集、大范围的GPS速度场可知中国大陆现今整体速度场依然呈现西强东弱的态势,其中最大值出现在喜马拉雅地区,一般速率在35~42mm/a之间,而川滇地区形成的右旋剪切带的形变特征最为醒目,其西南部最小速率在3~9mm/a之间,北部最大速率在17~23mm/a;由应变场的空间分布可以看出应力最大的地区主要是喜马拉雅、昆仑山中部、川滇地区的鲜水河断裂带、天山地区以及京津唐地区;东部沿海地区应变速率表现为东西拉张型,主要是由于2011年日本大地震对该地区的影响还未完全消退造成的。 相似文献
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Horizontal movement and strain characteristics in Tianshan and its adjacent region with GPS deformation data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Introduction The Tianshan Mountain is the youngest cordillera in the present-day continental Asia, and its tectonic evolution is closely related to the collision and subduction between Indian Plate and Eurasian Plate in the Himalayas orogen since Cenozoic… 相似文献
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垂直形变梯度能够有效反映区域构造运动的垂直差异变化程度。 我们利用长时间段的水准资料结合GPS资料计算垂直形变梯度值, 计算结果显示垂直形变速率梯度的空间分布与构造分布具有显著的相关性, 南北地震带垂直形变速率梯度异常最显著区域在鲜水河断裂带、 龙门山断裂带和小江—则木河断裂带附近, 其次是青藏高原东北缘地区的庄浪河断裂带与冷龙岭断裂带交会区域, 2016年门源6.4级地震就发生在这一异常区域内, 但是从垂直形变速率梯度的高梯度区域分布来看, 在天祝至景泰一带也有发生强震的背景。 三大断裂交会区域是整个南北地震带构造活动最为强烈的区域, 应该注意该地区未来强震发生的危险性。 相似文献
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Introduction In the years when the reliable data could not be obtained and in the analysis of strain property and magnitude in history, the intensity, property and activity pattern of strain field were mainly inferred on the bases of geometric characters of surface traces and behaviors (especially the faults) as well as the characteristics of petrology (XIE, et al, 1993; Molnar, Tapponnier, 1975, 1977; Tapponnier, Molnar, 1977; FU, et al, 2000). However, they are the averaged results accumu… 相似文献
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为了把较高空间分辨率区域的GPS观测资料用于强震地点预测,提出了活动断裂带构造变形定量分析方法. 该方法主要通过沿断裂带主断层线两侧划分若干形变单元,求解各单元的几何变形和相对错动参数等,定量估算断裂带各分段滑动及应变速率;进一步基于断裂带整体变形的协调性,确定可能存在的异常段及其性质和程度. 利用1991——2001年GPS速度场资料对川滇块体东边界带的实例分析显示, 则木河-小江断裂的冕宁-宁南-东川一带,为主断层活动相对闭锁而左旋剪应变积累速度较高的异常段. 相似文献
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针对2015年4月25日尼泊尔Mw7.8地震的孕震特征,本文首先对覆盖尼泊尔及周边地区的5套GPS水平速度场结果进行了融合,得到了近似统一参考框架下的速度场结果;在此基础上通过对此次地震震源区及周边地区的速度场、应变率场、基线时间序列分析,识别了震前变形特征.GPS应变率场结果显示,喜马拉雅主边界断裂存在大范围挤压应变积累,震源区处于近南北向应变积累高值过渡区.跨喜马拉雅构造带的GPS基线时间序列结果表现为持续缩短现象,表明印度板块与欧亚板块之间的持续挤压变形特征,2012年以来的缩短增强现象反映了印度板块对青藏块体的推挤增强作用明显.距离震中较近的西藏南部GPS同震位移结果以南向运动为主且指向震中,反映了青藏高原存在逆冲应变释放现象.综合此次尼泊尔地震前变形和同震应变释放特征,认为此次地震的孕震区域和同震应变释放区域均较大,将会对青藏高原的地壳变形与强震孕育产生深远影响. 相似文献
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We simulate GPS horizontal velocity field in terms of rotations of crustal blocks to describe deformation behavior of the Chinese mainland and its neighboring areas.31 crustal blocks are bounded primarily by~30 Quaternary faults with distinct geometries and variable long-term rates of<20 mm/a,and 1 683 GPS velocities were determined from decade-long observations mostly with an averaged uncertainty of 1?2 mm/a.We define GPS velocity at a site by the combination of motion of rigid block and elastic strain ind... 相似文献
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玉树和汶川地震前后区域水平形变的空间分布 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以1999—2007年和2009—2010年两个时间段的GNSS观测资料为基础, 借助于多核函数解析、 滤波和应变场的无偏算法以及区域无旋转基准, 在运动场连续变化的条件下获得了玉树MS7.1和汶川MS8.0地震前后青藏高原东南地域运动与形变场, 并得到如下基本认知: ① 玉树和汶川地震前震源区构造活动在空间和较长时间上明显弱化, 最大正应变和最大剪切应变均处在区域构造活动的最低水平。 ② 与地震破裂相应的旋剪形变最大部位既不位于震源区也不远离震源区, 似乎存在某种协调有序活动, 玉树地震发震构造断裂带基本上处在区域右旋活动与左旋活动的过渡区上, 而左旋活动最大条带却为平行于该断裂带且相距约150 km的东北构造活动区内; 汶川地震发震构造断裂虽处在右旋活动的龙门山断裂带上, 但右旋活动最大条带为平行于该断裂带且相距约200 km的西北活动区内。 ③ 玉树地震震时较大水平形变的范围较小, 汶川地震震后水平形变仍较突出。 ④ 理塘—德巫断裂带的北段及周边地区应给予关注, 面应变为象限分布图像, 最大正应变和最大剪切应变均显示闭锁的迹象。 相似文献