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1.
The migration, accumulation and dispersion of elements caused by tectonic dynamics have always been a focus of attention, and become the basis of tectono-geochemistry. However, the effects of faulting, especially strike-slip faulting, on the adjustment of geochemical element distribution, are still not clear. In this paper, we select the West Junggar Orogenic Belt (WJOB), NW China, as a case study to test the migration behavior of elements under tectonic dynamics. The WJOB is dominated by NE-trending large-scale sinistral strike-slip faults such as the Darabut Fault, the Mayile Fault, and the Baerluke Fault, which formed during the intracontinental adjustment under N–S compression during ocean-continental conversion in the Late Paleozoic. Geochemical maps of 13 elements, Al, W, Sn, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Hg, Fe, Ni, and Au, are analyzed for the effects of faulting and folding on element distribution at the regional scale. The results show that the element distribution in the WJOB is controlled mainly by two mechanisms during tectonic deformation: first is the material transporting mechanism, where the movement of geological units is consistent with the direction of tectonic movement; second is the diffusion mechanism, especially by tectonic pressure dissolution driven by tectonic dynamics, where the migration of elements is approximately perpendicular or opposite to the direction of tectonic movement. We conclude that the adjustment of element distributions has been determined by the combined actions of transporting and diffusion mechanisms, and that the diffusion mechanism plays an important role in the formation of geochemical Au blocks in the WJOB.  相似文献   

2.
The detailed characteristics of the Paleozoic strike-slip fault zones developed in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift are closely related to hydrocarbon explorations. In this study, five major strike-slip fault zones that cut through the Cambrian-Middle Devonian units are identified, by using 3D seismic data. Each of the strike-slip fault zones is characterized by two styles of deformation, namely deeper strike-slip faults and shallower en-echelon faults. By counting the reverse separation of the horizon along the deeper faults, activity intensity on the deeper strike-slip faults in the south is stronger than that on the northern ones. The angle between the strike of the shallower en-echelon normal faults and the principal displacement zone(PDZ) below them is likely to have a tendency to decrease slightly from the south to the north, which may indicate that activity intensity on the shallower southern en-echelon faults is stronger than that on the northern ones. Comparing the reverse separation along the deeper faults and the fault throw of the shallower faults, activity intensity of the Fault zone S1 is similar across different layers, while the activity intensity of the southern faults is larger than that of the northern ones. It is obvious that both the activity intensity of the same layer in different fault zones and different layers in the same fault zone have a macro characteristic in that the southern faults show stronger activity intensity than the northern ones. The Late Ordovician décollement layer developed in the Tazhong area and the peripheral tectonic events of the Tarim Basin have been considered two main factors in the differential deformation characteristics of the strike-slip fault zones in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift. They controlled the differences in the multi-level and multi-stage deformations of the strike-slip faults, respectively. In particular, peripheral tectonic events of the Tarim Basin were the dynamic source of the formatting and evolution of the strike-slip fault zones, and good candidates to accommodate the differential activity intensity of these faults.  相似文献   

3.
The ancient structure characteristic, correlation of the oil and the hydrocarbon source rock characteristics, hydrocarbon migration trace, types and conditions of traps, migration passages and characteristic of hydrocarbon accumulation are researched in this paper. It is shown through the analysis that two main large tectonic activities after the Early Hercynian orogeny resulted in different tectonic patterns in the study area. Two main hydrocarbon infills occurred in the Donghetang Formation, the first occurred in the Early Hercynian resulting in the ancient hydrocarbon accumulation in the northern Tahe, the second infill was a large amount that occurred in places beneficial for hydrocarbon accumulation, such as structural traps and structural-stratigraphic traps formed in the Early Himalayan orogeny after migration along the faults through source rocks and other passages. Before the earlier period of the Himalayan orogeny, the petroleum mainly migrated to the north, whereas petroleum migrated to the south and southeast because of the structural reverse in the Himalayan orogeny, so the middle and later period of the Himalayan orogeny is the key period for hydrocarbon accumulation. The model of “oil generation formed early, hydrocarbon accumulation controlled by the faults through source rocks and structures formed late” is proposed. It is pointed out that the south of the research area is currently the beneficial district for hydrocarbon accumulation, which provides the basis for future petroleum exploration.  相似文献   

4.
The Yunkai low uplift with low exploration degree is close to the Baiyun sag,and has hydrocarbon exploration potential in the deepwater area of the Pearl River Mouth Basin.Based on seismic and drilling data,balanced profiles and growth strata,this paper mainly discusses geological structures and formation processes of the Yunkai low uplift,and also analyzes the characteristics of fault system and their influence on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation.The EWtrending basement faults divide the Yunkai low uplift into two parts,i.e.the southern sector and the northern sector.The northern sector is a relatively wide and gentle uplift,while the southern sector is composed of two secondary half-grabens with faulting in the south and overlapping in the north.The Yunkai low uplift experienced three major formation stages,including the rapid uplifting stage during the deposition period of the Eocene Wenchang Formation,the slow uplifting stage during the deposition period of the Late Eocene-Middle Miocene Enping-Hanjiang formations,and the whole burial stage from the Middle Miocene to present.The extensional faults in the Yunkai low uplift and its adjacent areas strike mainly along the NW,NWW and near-EW directions.Also,the strikes of faults present a clockwise rotation from the deep to the shallow strata.According to effects of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation the faults in the Yunkai low uplift and its adjacent areas can be divided into trap-controlled faults and source-controlled faults.The trap-controlled faults control trap development and can effectively seal oil and gas.The source-controlled faults connect directly source rocks and reservoirs,which are highly active during the rifting stage and weakly active since the Miocene.This activity features of the source-controlled faults is beneficial to migration of the early crude oil from the Baiyun sag to the high part of the Yunkai low uplift,but is not good for migration of the late natural gas.In the Yunkai low uplift and its adjacent areas,the traps in the deep Zhuhai and Enping formations that are close to source rocks in the Baiyun sag should be the favorable exploration objectives.  相似文献   

5.
Exploration potential is huge and the oil resources are rich in the Ordovician reservoirs of the Tarim Basin. However, the mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation is complex and not yet fully understood. In the Tuoputai area, the hydrocarbon migration pathways and characteristics of deep hydrocarbon accumulation are revealed through analyses of the physical data of rich oil and gas, the geochemical parameters of oil, and fluid inclusions. The results show that the Ordovician oils in the Tuoputai area have the same geochemical characteristics as the mixed oil from the Lower Cambrian source rock and the Middle–Upper Ordovician source rock. The Ordovician reservoirs have been charged three times: in the late Caledonian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan stages. Oil charging occurred in the Hercynian stage, in particular, as it is the main filling period of hydrocarbon. The north-northeast(NNE)-trending TP12 CX major fault, active in in these times and is dominant migration channel of hydrocarbon, but there is segmentation affected by the difference of activities. Oil maturity is higher in the south than in the north and is abnormally high near the major fault. Parameters related to migration indicate that oil migrated northeastward along the NNE-trending TP12 CX major fault and adjusted laterally along the secondary faults and weathering crust, forming the present characteristics of oil and gas distribution.  相似文献   

6.
<正>Complex hydrocarbon reservoirs developed widely in the superimposed basins of China formed from multiple structural alterations,reformation and destruction of hydrocarbon reservoirs formed at early stages.They are characterized currently by trap adjustment,component variation, phase conversion,and scale reformation.This is significant for guiding current hydrocarbon exploration by revealing evolution mechanisms after hydrocarbon reservoir formation and for predicting remaining potential resources.Based on the analysis of a number of complex hydrocarbon reservoirs,there are four geologic features controlling the degree of destruction of hydrocarbon reservoirs formed at early stages:tectonic event intensity,frequency,time and caprock sealing for oil and gas during tectonic evolution.Research shows that the larger the tectonic event intensity,the more frequent the tectonic event,the later the last tectonic event,the weaker the caprock sealing for oil and gas,and the greater the volume of destroyed hydrocarbons in the early stages.Based on research on the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon reservoir destruction mechanisms,a geological model of tectonic superimposition and a mathematical model evaluating potential remaining complex hydrocarbon reservoirs have been established.The predication method and technical procedures were applied in the Tazhong area of Tarim Basin,where four stages of hydrocarbon accumulation and three stages of hydrocarbon alteration occurred.Geohistorical hydrocarbon accumulation reached 3.184 billion tons,of which 1.271 billion tons were destroyed.The total volume of remaining resources available for exploration is～1.9 billion tons.  相似文献   

7.
Based on the theory of formation dynamics of oil/gas pools, the Dongying sag can be divided into three dynamic systems regarding the accumulation of oil and gas： the superpressure closed system, the semi-closed system and the normal pressure open system. Based on the analysis of genesis of superpressure in the superpressure closed system and the rule of hydrocarbon expulsion, it is found that hydrocarbon generation is related to superpressure, which is the main driving factor of hydrocarbon migration. Micro fractures formed by superpressure are the main channels for hydrocarbon migration. There are three dynamic patterns for hydrocarbon expulsion： free water drainage, hydrocarbon accumulation and drainage through micro fissures. In the superpressure closed system, the oil-driving-water process and oil/gas accumulation were completed in lithologic traps by way of such two dynamic patterns as episodic evolution of superpressure systems and episodic pressure release of faults. The oil-bearing capacity of lithologic traps is intimately related to reservoir-forming dynamic force. Quantitative evaluation of dynamic conditions for pool formation can effectively predict the oil-bearing capability of traps.  相似文献   

8.
The discovery of unconventional hydrocarbon resources since the late 20 th century changed geologists' understanding of hydrocarbon migration and accumulations and provides a solution to energy shortage.In 2016,unconventional oil production in the USA accounted for 41% of the total oil production;and unconventional natural gas production in China accounted for 35% of total gas production,showing strong growth momentum of unconventional hydrocarbons explorations.Unconventional hydrocarbons generally coexist with conventional petroleum resources;they sometimes distribute in a separate system,not coexisting with a conventional system.Identification and prediction of unconventional resources and their potentials are prominent challenges for geologists.This study analyzed the results of 12,237 drilling wells in six representative petroliferous basins in China and studied the correlations and differences between conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons by comparing their geological features.Migration and accumulation of conventional hydrocarbon are caused dominantly by buoyance.We propose a concept of buoyance-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth to describe the deepest hydrocarbon accumulation depth driven dominantly by buoyance;beyond this depth the buoyance becomes unimportant for hydrocarbon accumulation.We found that the buoyance-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth in petroliferous basins controls the different oil/gas reservoirs distribution and resource potentials.Hydrocarbon migration and accumulations above this depth is dominated by buoyancy,forming conventional reservoirs in traps with high porosity and permeability,while hydrocarbon migration and accumulation below this depth is dominated by non-buoyancy forces(mainly refers to capillary force,hydrocarbon volume expansion force,etc.),forming unconventional reservoirs in tight layers.The buoyance-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depths in six basins in China range from 1200 m to 4200 m,which become shallower with increasing geothermal gradient,decreasing particle size of sandstone reservoir layers,or an uplift in the whole petroliferous basin.The predicted unconventional resource potential below the buoyance-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth in six basins in China is more than 15.71 × 109 t oil equivalent,among them 4.71× 109 t reserves have been proved.Worldwide,94% of 52,926 oil and gas reservoirs in 1186 basins are conventional reservoirs and only 6% of them are unconventional reservoirs.These 94% conventional reservoirs show promising exploration prospects in the deep area below buoyance-driven hydrocarbon accumulation depth.  相似文献   

9.
Based on 2D and 3D seismic data, the latest drilling data and field outcrop data of the northern slope of the Central Sichuan paleo-uplift, the structural analysis method is used to analyze unconformity development characteristics and fault characteristics during the key structural transformation period, discussing the influence of the structural characteristics on the hydrocarbon accumulation of deep carbonate rocks. The results show that: (1) The two key unconformities of the Tongwan and Caledonian periods were primarily developed in deep carbonate rocks. Firstly, Tongwan’s unconformities are characterized by regional disconformities between the second and third members of the Dengying Formation, the top formation of the Sinian and the lower Cambrian, strips of which zigzag through the north and south sides of the study area. Secondly, the Caledonian unconformity is characterized by a regional unconformable contact between the lower Permian and the ower Paleozoic strata. From NE to SW, the age of the strata, which were subject to erosion, changes from new to old, the denudation distribution showing as a nose-shaped structure which inclines towards the ENE. (2) Boundary fault and transtensional strike-slip faults developed in the Sinian to Paleozoic strata. In profile, there are three types of structural styles: steep and erect, flower structures, ‘Y’ and reversed ‘Y’ type faults. In plane view, the Sinian developed extensional boundary faults extending in an almost NS direction, strike-slip faults developing and extending linearly in approximately EW, WNW and NE strikes in the Cambrian, with characteristically more in the south and less in the north. (3) The faults in the northern slope show obvious zonal deformations in transverse view as well as significant stages and stratified activity in a longitudinal direction. Among them, the activity of faults in the Sinian was the strongest, followed by the activity in the Cambrian period, the activity intensity of faults in the Permian period being the weakest. This fault activity can be divided into four periods: Sinian, Cambrian-Permian, the early Indosinian period and the late Indosinian-Himalayan period, the transtensional strike-slip faults being the products of oblique extensions of pre-existing weak zones in the Xingkai and Emei taphrogenesis, with a particular inheritance in the main faults. (4) Combined with hydrocarbon accumulation factors, it is considered that the epigenetic karstification of the Tongwan and Caledonian unconformities in the northern slope controlled the formation and distribution of carbonate karst reservoirs over a large area, also acting as a good pathway for oil and gas migration. The extensional faults developed at the margin of the NS trending rift, controlling the sag-platform sedimentary pattern in the Dengying Formation of the Sinian. Strike-slip faults in NE, WNW and ENE directions may control the micro-geomorphological pattern inside the platform and intensify the differential distribution of grain beach facies. The multi-stage hereditary activity of strike-slip faults not only improved the porosity and permeability of the reservoirs, but also acted as the main channel of oil and gas migration, providing favorable conditions for the development of the current multi-layer gas-bearing scenario in the northern slope of the Central Sichuan Basin.  相似文献   

10.
The ancient structure characteristic,correlation of the oil and the hydrocarbon source rock characteristics,hydrocarbon migration trace,types and conditions of traps,migration passages and characteristic of hydrocarbon accumulation are researched in this paper.It is shown through the analysis that two main large tectonic activities after the Early Hercynian orogeny resulted in different tectonic patterns in the study area.Two main hydrocarbon infills occurred in the Donghetang Formation,the first occurre...  相似文献   

11.
Northwestern Anatolia contains three main tectonic units: (a) the Pontide Zone in the north which consists mainly of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit in the west and the BallLda<-Küre Unit in the east; (b) the Sakarya Zone (or Continent) in the south, which is juxtaposed against the Pontide Zone due to the closure of Paleo-Tethys prior to Late Jurassic time; and (c) the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone which appears to represent a tectonic mixture of both zones. These three major tectonic zones are presently bounded by the two branches of the North Anatolian Transform Fault. The two tectonic contacts follow older tectonic lineaments (the Western Pontide Fault) which formed during the development of the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone. Since the earliest Cretaceous, an overall extensional regime dominated the region. A transpressional tectonic regime of Coniacian/Santonian to Campanian age caused the welding of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit to the Sakarya Zone by an oblique collision. In the Late Campanian, a transtensional tectonic regime developed, forming a new basin within the amalgamated tectonic mosaic. The different tectonic regimes in the region were caused by activity of the Western Pontide Fault. Most of the ophiolites within the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone belong to the Paleo-Tethyan and/or pre-Ordovician ophiolitic core of the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit. The Late Cretaceous ophiolites in the eastern parts of the Armutlu-OvacLk Zone were transported from Neo-Tethyan ophiolites farther east by left-lateral strike-slip faults along the Western Pontide Fault. There is insufficient evidence to indicate the presence of an ocean (Intra-Pontide Ocean) between the Gstanbul-Zonguldak Unit and the Sakarya Zone during Late Cretaceous time.  相似文献   

12.
长江三峡仙女山断层带微构造及变形环境探讨   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文
吴树仁 《地质科学》1994,29(3):220-227
在宏观变形分析的基础上,重点论述仙女山断层带的微观变形特征。估算了断层带发育过程中两个主要变形阶段的温度、应力和应变速率,探讨了微观变形机制和变形环境。  相似文献   

13.
贾丹  肖安成  唐永  吴磊  沈亚  徐波  吴占奎 《岩石学报》2013,29(8):2851-2858
阿尔金断裂是青藏高原最显著也是最重要的地质构造单元之一,其新生代起始活动时间的认定一直都是大家关注的热点,对研究高原的形成和应力传递均有着重要的意义.前人的研究成果证实阿尔金断裂新生代的开始活动时间大约在35.5Ma,在柴达木盆地其对应的沉积层位为下干柴沟组上段.本文以盆地内部近阿尔金断裂带的红柳泉-七个泉地区为例,开展了钻井约束下的三维地震资料属性提取及分析工作,并进行同期岩相古地理研究.结果表明在下干柴沟组上段从XG2时期起,研究区岩相古地理从深湖相开始分异,逐渐发育为控制岩性差异的同沉积水下隆起,这些隆起带渐次演化为与左旋剪切相关的雁列褶皱带,对应于与阿尔金早期隆升相关的构造演化过程.表明阿尔金断裂新生代活动的沉积响应最早在约40Ma开始,该方法对于和构造隆升相关的沉积记录识别比直接的地质学方法更为敏感.  相似文献   

14.
2008年5月12日在青藏高原东缘龙门山断裂带中段发生汶川8.0级特大地震。大震发生时释放应力并对震源区及外围构造应力场产生影响,受汶川地震断层破裂方式和强度空间差异性的影响,震后龙门山断裂带地壳应力场也应表现差异特征,至今鲜有针对该科学问题深入的分析和讨论。经过系统收集、梳理汶川地震后沿龙门山断裂带水压致裂地应力测量数据与2008年汶川地震中强余震序列震源机制解资料,对汶川地震后龙门山断裂带中上地壳构造应力场进行厘定,通过与震前构造应力场对比,深入探讨了汶川8.0级地震对龙门山断裂带地壳应力场的影响,进而对汶川震后应力调整过程及青藏高原东缘龙门山地区深部构造变形模式进行研究,研究结果表明:受汶川8.0级地震的影响,震后龙门山断裂带地壳构造应力场空间分布具有差异性,近地表至上地壳15 km深度范围,映秀—青川段最大主应力方向为北西西向、地应力状态为逆走滑型,青川东北部最大主应力方向偏转至北东东向、应力状态转变为走滑型;15~25km深度范围,龙门山断裂带最大主应力方向仍为北西—北西西向、应力状态以逆冲型为主。汶川8.0级地震后,龙门山断裂带中地壳北西西向逆冲挤压的构造应力特征进一步支持了青藏高原东缘龙门山地区东西两侧刚性块体碰撞挤压、逆冲推覆的动力学模式。  相似文献   

15.
The Kemalpa?a Basin is one of the Quaternary basins in Western Anatolia and represents the south-western branch of the Gediz Graben system in this extensional province. This basin has been formed under the NNE–SSW trending extensional tectonic regime. It is bounded by a major fault, the Kemalpa?a Fault, in the south and it is bounded by a number of downstepping faults, called as Spilda?? Fault Zone, in the north. Both margin-bounding faults of the Kemalpa?a Basin are oblique-slip normal faults. In order to better understand the activities of these faults, we investigated the tectonic geomorphology of the Kemalpa?a Basin and interpreted the effect of tectonic activity on the geomorphological evolution using geomorphic markers such as drainage basin patterns, facet geometries and morphometric indices such as hypsometric curves and integral (HI), basin shape index (Bs), valley floor width-to-height ratio (Vf) and mountain front sinuosity (Smf). The morphometric analysis of 30 drainage basins in total and mountain fronts bounding the basin from both sides suggests a relatively high degree of tectonic activity. The mountain front sinuosity (Smf) generally varies from 1.1 to 1.3 in both sides of the basin suggesting the active fronts and facet slopes (12°–32°) suggest a relatively high degree of activity along the both sides of the Kemalpa?a Basin. Similarly, the valley floor width-to-height ratios (Vf) obtained from the both sides indicate low values varying from 0.043 to 0.92, which are typical values (<1) for tectonically active mountain fronts. The all values obtained are lower for the southern side. Therefore, we suggest that the tectonic activity of the Kemalpa?a Fault higher than the Spilda?? Fault Zone. This difference that can be arised from the different uplift rates also reveals the typical asymmetric characteristics of the Kemalpa?a Basin. Additionally, the trapezoidal facets which have been observed on the southern side of the basin indicate that the Kemalpa?a Fault is evolutionally more active as compared to the Spilda?? Fault Zone. The geomorphic indices indicate that the Quaternary landscape evolution of the Kemalpa?a Basin was governed by tectonic and erosional processes, and also the all results of morphometric analysis suggest a relatively high degree of tectonic activity along the faults bounding the Kemalpa?a Basin. Moreover, considering that active large normal faults with an average 15 km long can cause major earthquake, the earthquake hazard in the Kemalpa?a Basin should be investigated in detailed paleoseismological studies.  相似文献   

16.
马袅-铺前断裂为1605年海南琼山7.5级大地震的发震断裂之一,其活动历史研究对琼北地区地壳稳定性评价、防震减灾以及琼州海峡跨海大桥等重大工程建设有重要意义。地质地貌调查结果表明,马袅-铺前断裂西段由三条近东西向平行展布的北倾阶梯状正断层组成,并构成南北宽约2.5 km的断裂带。老城人工开挖南北宽达70 m的断裂带剖面揭露了该断裂晚更新世活动历史,道堂组光释光(OSL)年代学测试结果表明断裂在距今16~31 ka期间经历了两期活动:第一期表现为南、北相向倾斜的正断活动,累计垂直位移3.3 m;第二期为南倾的正断活动,活动强度较大。马袅-铺前断裂错断不同时代地层的位移量表明该断裂自上新世以来开始活动,第四纪活动强烈,现今仍是琼北控制地震活动的重要断裂。  相似文献   

17.
山东郯城麦坡被命名为典型地震活动断层遗址,其最醒目的标志是郯庐断裂带主干断层(F2)东盘的紫灰色下白垩统逆冲到断层西盘的红棕色第四系之上且界线截然。野外调查和试验分析表明,郯城麦坡第四系于泉组中发育液化砂涌管、液化砂脉、震裂缝充填构造和同沉积断层等地震引发的软沉积物变形构造——地震事件记录。根据软沉积物变形构造的砂质黏土光释光测年分析,推断这些软沉积物变形构造所记录的地震事件属郯庐断裂带主干断层F2在中更新世晚期发生的强构造与地震活动。这些地震事件记录为研究郯庐断裂带新构造运动与地震活动提供了新资料,也丰富了该地震活动断层遗址的内涵。  相似文献   

18.
关于第四纪早期构造事件的年代学研究取得了大量数据,但对构造事件的表现形式缺乏认识。文章通过对海原断裂带内拉分盆地演化趋势及年代学研究,认为海原断裂带内的最新拉分盆地形成于1.6MaB.P.之后,代表一次新断裂的形成时期,且新断裂走向与先存断裂有一定的逆时针夹角。通过对青藏高原中部可可西里-东昆仑断裂带构造地貌的遥感解译和强震破裂调查,认为可可西里-东昆仑断裂带是一条具有新生性的强震构造带,新断裂形成时期为1.10~0.65MaB.P.之间,其构造带内的新生性断裂走向与先存断裂亦有一定的逆时针方向夹角。两条断裂带具有一致的演化趋势,说明在早更新世中后期存在区域性的构造事件,该事件表现为一系列新生性断裂的产生。  相似文献   

19.
活动造山带地区形成的沉积物包含极其丰富的构造信息。位于青藏高原北缘阿尔金断裂和北祁连断裂交汇处的酒西盆地在早新生代时期受到强烈的构造活动,于盆地内形成了巨厚的早新生代沉积物,全面记录了盆地周边的构造运动和隆升过程。对酒西盆地火烧沟剖面和红柳峡剖面早新生代沉积物重矿物分析表明,40~30Ma沉积物中重矿物组合、形态和特征指数ATi、GZi及ZTR具明显的规律性变化,自下而上划分为4个不同阶段:①不稳定矿物阶段(骟马城段,40.2~37.9Ma),②较稳定矿物阶段(乔家段,37.9~35.3Ma),③不稳定矿物阶段(红柳峡段,35.3~33.4Ma),④极不稳定矿物阶段(白杨河组,33.4~30Ma)。结合大量沉积学特征可清楚表明,酒西盆地在40~30Ma期间经历了4个阶段:①构造活动阶段(40.2~37.9Ma),②构造稳定阶段(37.9~35.3Ma),③逆冲走滑阶段(35.3~33.4Ma),④强烈逆冲阶段(33.4~30Ma)。  相似文献   

20.
In northwest Anatolia, there is a mosaic of different morpho-tectonic fragments within the western part of the right-lateral strike-slip North Anatolian Fault (NAF) Zone. These were developed from compressional and extensional tectonic regimes during the paleo- and neo-tectonic periods of Turkish orogenic history. A NE-SW-trending left-lateral strike-slip fault system (Adapazari-Karasu Fault) extends through the northern part of the Sakarya River Valley and began to develop within a N–S compressional tectonic regime which involved all of northern Anatolia during Middle Eocene to early Middle Miocene times. Since the end of Middle Miocene times, this fault system forms a border between a compressional tectonic regime in the eastern area eastwards from the northern part of the Sakarya River Valley, and an extensional tectonic regime in the Marmara region to the west. The extension caused the development of basins and ridges, and the incursions of the Mediterranean Sea into the site of the future Sea of Marmara since Late Miocene times. Following the initiation in late Middle Miocene times and the eastward propagation of extension along the western part of the NAF, a block (North Anatolian Block) began to form in the northern Anatolia region since the end of Pliocene times. The Adapazari-Karasu Fault constitutes the western boundary of this block which is bounded by the NAF in the south, the Northeast Anatolian Fault in the east, and the South Black Sea Thrust Fault in the north. The northeastward movement of the North Anatolian Block caused the formation of a marine connection between the Black Sea and the Aegean/Mediterranean Sea during the Pleistocene.  相似文献   

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