共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 197 毫秒
1.
N. C. Mondal V. S. Singh D. V. Sarwade M. V. Nandakumar 《Journal of Earth System Science》2009,118(3):217-229
A group of 36 coral islands is being scattered in the Arabian Sea off the western coast of India. On such islands, groundwater
is the only source of fresh water for the islanders. The demand for groundwater is increasing every year due to growing population
and urbanization. On the other side the peculiar hydrologic, geologic and geomorphic features restrict the availability of
groundwater. Thus a proper understanding of the groundwater condition is important in order to meet this increasing demand
and also to formulate future development and management strategies. Detailed hydrogeological, geophysical and hydrochemical
studies had been carried out to identify potential fresh groundwater resources and quantify vulnerable parts of Andrott Island,
Union Territory of Lakshadweep. Systematic collection and analysis of hydrological, geophysical and hydrochemical data gives
an early signal of deterioration in groundwater quality in the peripheral parts of eastern and western coasts of this island
and it suggests immediate measures for arresting the deterioration in groundwater quality as well as augmentation for restoration
of aquifer in some parts of the island. 相似文献
2.
Jean-Christophe Comte Rachel Cassidy Janka Nitsche Ulrich Ofterdinger Katarina Pilatova Raymond Flynn 《Hydrogeology Journal》2012,20(8):1569-1588
Groundwater flow in hard-rock aquifers is strongly controlled by the characteristics and distribution of structural heterogeneity. A methodology for catchment-scale characterisation is presented, based on the integration of complementary, multi-scale hydrogeological, geophysical and geological approaches. This was applied to three contrasting catchments underlain by metamorphic rocks in the northern parts of Ireland (Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, UK). Cross-validated surface and borehole geophysical investigations confirm the discontinuous overburden, lithological compartmentalisation of the bedrock and important spatial variations of the weathered bedrock profiles at macro-scale. Fracture analysis suggests that the recent (Alpine) tectonic fabric exerts strong control on the internal aquifer structure at meso-scale, which is likely to impact on the anisotropy of aquifer properties. The combination of the interpretation of depth-specific hydraulic-test data with the structural information provided by geophysical tests allows characterisation of the hydrodynamic properties of the identified aquifer units. Regionally, the distribution of hydraulic conductivities can be described by inverse power laws specific to the aquifer litho-type. Observed groundwater flow directions reflect this multi-scale structure. The proposed integrated approach applies widely available investigative tools to identify key dominant structures controlling groundwater flow, characterising the aquifer type for each catchment and resolving the spatial distribution of relevant aquifer units and associated hydrodynamic parameters. 相似文献
3.
本文论述了某污染的工业废物填埋场场址的地质、水文地质条件,应用水化学方法、环境同位素技术(地下水中氚及氢、氧稳定同位素)和同位素单孔示踪技术等同位素水文学领域中的新方法对区内地下水的活动条件以及填埋场场址区分布的第四系孔隙潜水和第三纪红层孔隙-裂隙水的成因进行了分析,测量并确定了填埋场下部地下水的流速及流向。研究结果表明场区地下水的运动与地表水无直接水力联系。污染的工业废物填埋后不会通过地下水的迁移造成对地表水的污染,进而证实填埋场的地质、水文地质条件对处置污染的工业废物是安全可靠的。 相似文献
4.
河北滦平大兴沟高锶饮用天然矿泉水特征初步评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河北滦平大兴沟饮用天然矿泉水是一处天然、优质高锶矿泉水,Sr体积质量达2.44 mg/L。通过水文地质测绘、物探、水文地质钻探、水质分析、抽水试验等方法,初步查明了该地区地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造发育特征以及泉水分布、埋藏、水量、水化学特征等水文地质条件,对该矿泉水特征进行了评价,为下一步矿泉水的勘查提供基础数据。大兴沟饮用天然矿泉水为滦平首次发现的高锶矿泉水,水质稳定,水量大,极具开发利用价值。 相似文献
5.
Relationship Between Surface Water and Groundwater in the Liujiang Basin—Hydrochemical Constrains 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The interaction between surface water and groundwater is not only an important part of the water cycle, but also the foundation of the study on regional water resources quantity. The field hydrogeological investigation and sampling in the Liujiang basin were conducted in the dry season, in April, 2015. The isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen and ion compositions as well as the hydrogeochemical characteristics indicated that the groundwater in the basin was mainly HCO3-Ca and HCO3-Ca·Mg type low salinity water. The groundwater of each region had a unified connection, experiencing the same or similar hydrochemical formation, and the surface water had the same hydrochemical type and source of hydrochemical composition as groundwater. The hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of surface water and groundwater were close to each other, which were mainly from the atmospheric precipitation. In the runoff process, the river water was affected by the evaporation concentration so that the heavy isotopes were slightly enriched. Under the influence of topographical, geological and hydrogeological conditions, the interaction between groundwater and surface water in the basin had obvious segmentation and mutual transformation. The river was recharged by both sides of groundwater in upstream region of Dashi River and Donggong River basin while river water supplied groundwater on both sides of it in downstream region of Dashi River. 相似文献
6.
根据盐池-定边地区水化学场分布特征及其自然地理、地质构造、水文地质背景、岩相古地理和古水文地质条件，以水文地球化学理论为指导，采取野外水文地质调查、水样采集与测试及水文地球化学方法分析研究了该水化学场的形成机理及影响因素.研究表明，鄂尔多斯盆地盐池-定边地区水化学场分布主要有SO4·Cl-Na·Mg型、HCO3·SO4-Na型、HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca型和HCO3-Ca·Na型场，在白于山分水岭向北和西北的水平分带明显，水化学场与地下水流向呈逆向分布.本区水化学特征主要受古沉积中心及地层原始含盐量、地质构造、混合作用、地下水运动规律、古地下水等综合因素的影响. 相似文献
7.
哈密盆地地下水系统形成受构造运动与水文地质条件共同控制,通过划分哈密盆地地下水系统,分区阐述哈密盆地地下水水文地球化学特征与水化学成因及控制因素,从水文地球化学的角度阐明盆地系统的地下水水化学演化规律。结果表明,哈密盆地地下水水化学特征呈明显分带性,沿地下水流动方向,水化学类型逐渐由HCO3型演化为SO4型、最终演化为Cl型;水体TDS含量不断升高,地下水由淡水逐渐演化为微咸水、咸水。地下水离子来源主要为硅酸盐岩与蒸发岩盐溶解,水化学过程受蒸发浓缩作用控制,岩石风化作用与季节变化共同影响。沿地下水径流方向,地下水经盐分溶滤、盐分迁移并在排泄区附近形成盐分聚集带;盐分迁移沿程溶滤作用逐渐减弱,蒸发浓缩作用逐渐增强。哈密盆地地下水化学空间演化主要受自然因素影响驱动,时间演化驱动因素主要为气候变化和工矿活动农业灌溉等人类活动。 相似文献
8.
水文地质调查与综合物探在赣南花岗岩地区找水中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解决赣南革命老区缺水村落的饮水安全问题,在中国地调局赣南饮水安全项目的支撑下,对赣南20个扶贫点开展了找水工作。本文以宁都县花岗岩地区的4个找水点为例,介绍水文地质调查与综合物探结合的找水方法与技术。首先通过调查各测区水文地质条件,明确找水方向并布置物探测线,然后合理选择综合物探方法和工作参数,确定数据处理与资料解释方法,最后通过物探成果分析与钻探验证,归纳总结了水文地质调查与综合物探方法相结合在花岗岩地区找水中的经验与教训,能够为花岗岩地区开展地下水勘查工作提供有益的参考和借鉴。 相似文献
9.
本数据集在1：50 000活鸡兔图幅内综合应用了遥感、地面调查、物探、钻探,以及水化学同位素等多种方法进行数据采集,共完成2期遥感数据解译800 km2,地面调查点377个,丰水期、枯水期地下水水位统测240点次,抽水试验10组,水体样品采集共计127组,水文地质钻探累计进尺600 m。本数据集细化了工作区内第四系孔隙含水层、白垩系洛河组孔隙-裂隙含水层富水等级,填补了侏罗系安定组、直罗组水文地质信息的空白;同时,加入了与采煤相关的次生环境地质要素,并首次将浅层含水层疏干区较为准确地勾画出来,还建立了采煤影响下的地下水的循环模式,突出了矿区水文地质调查的特色。本数据集为矿区水文地质调查工作的规划、部署与总结提供常态化支持,对保障国家能源安全、生态安全具有重要的现实意义。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
川东明月峡背斜地下岩溶发育的强烈非均质性造就了独特的地下水径流模式,孕育出区域复杂的岩溶工程水文地质问题,查明明月峡背斜南段地下水径流模式对指导区内隧道工程选址及建设具有重要意义。文章在已有研究基础上,以“张关—排花洞”岩溶水系统为研究区,通过系统厘清区内水文地质条件,深入剖析区内地下水水文地球化学特征及水动力条件,明确区内岩溶含水介质不均一性控制下的地下水小尺度径流规律。结果显示:研究区地下水在平面上表现为形似“扫帚状”的径流模式:在补给、径流区,三叠系下统嘉陵江组一段（T1j1）、嘉陵江组三段(T1j3)地层（强岩溶化）与嘉陵江组二段（T1j2）、嘉陵江组四段 （T1j4）地层（弱岩溶化）呈间互状分布的特点导致相邻地层之间水力联系较弱,以地层为单位形成多个相对独立的岩溶水子系统;在研究区排泄区,受控于势汇最强的T1j3内部管道流对其他地层地下水持续的袭夺效应,地下水统一汇聚至排花洞暗河出口向御临河排泄,各岩溶水子系统最终整合为一个岩溶水系统。 相似文献
13.
宁夏海原盆地地下水水化学特征及其演化规律 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
结合宁夏海原盆地已有的地质、水文地质资料,基于水化学、同位素数据分析了研究区的水文地球化学特征。总体上当地的地下水化学场从补给区到径流区到排泄区具有明显的分带性,符合干旱区盆地的水质演化规律;地球化学模拟表明当地水岩相互作用从补给区的以溶滤-混合作用为主逐渐演变成排泄区的以溶滤-蒸发为主。水中的溶解性总固体含量升高主要由岩盐和石膏的溶解引起,第三系岩性及径流条件对地下水水质有很大的影响。同位素特征表明西华山-南华山断裂控制着当地地下水的补给,地下水开采对深层地下水水质的影响尚不明显;在有些地区,由于地下水开采加速了地下水径流,水质有变好的趋势。
相似文献
14.
15.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2020,80(2):125593
Andarokh-Kardeh region is located northeast of Iran and provides notable part of potable water of Mashhad, the second most populated city of Iran with over 3 million inhabitants. Stable isotopes (18O, 2H and 13C), hydrodynamic, and hydrochemical indicators have been applied to evaluate water resources quality comprehensively and to present a hydrogeological conceptual model for the Andarokh-Kardeh region. Hydrochemical studies indicate that chemical rock weathering and ion exchange are the main factors controlling the quality of water in the region, while atmospheric (precipitation) as well as anthropogenic sources have no notable effect. Stable isotopes (18O and 2H) studies in surface and groundwater samples demonstrate enriched values in Kardeh Dam Reservoir (KDR) due to evaporation and also demonstrate that the interaction between KDR and downstream groundwater resources is negligible. The δ13C isotope and DIC and DOC concentrations indicate role of carbonate mineral dissolution from Mozdooran Formation, atmospheric and soil CO2 and also the domination of C3 vegetation coverage in the study region. The developed conceptual model for Andarokh-Kardeh demonstrates different hydrogeological conditions during wet and dry periods, and highlights the main process which affect hydrogeology of the region. Water quality studies and the developed conceptual model demonstrate the main factors controlling water quality and the main hydrogeological characteristic of Andarokh-Kardeh region which can be used by water resources scientists for the future water management programmes. 相似文献
16.
In Cisjordan, surface- and groundwater flow are either towards the Jordan Valley-Dead Sea-Arava Valley (the Rift) or the Mediterranean Sea. Due to upstream exploitation by riparians to the Jordan River, the historical annual flow, which fluctuated between 250 and 1100 Mm3, has declined to a mere 100-200 Mm3. The remaining flow south of Lake Kinneret is highly polluted and heavily loaded with salts. Lake Kinneret (Sea of Galilee) is one of the major water resources in the area. Annually, between 200 and 700 Mm3 reach the Lake as surface and groundwater flow. The relatively high salinity of the Lake is caused by thermomineral water discharging from springs and seepages located onshore and on the bottom of the Lake. The main factors causing deterioration of the groundwater quality in the Rift are of geogenic character. These are different types of brines, whose outflow and penetration into freshwater aquifers was triggered by overpumpage. Contemporary encroachment of seawater caused by intensive water exploitation in the Coastal Plain is manageable and reversible. However, due to lack of hydrogeological evidence, no such statement can be made about the circulation of seawater beneath the Coastal Plain and into the deep-seated Yarkon-Taninim aquifer or the upflow of brines in the Rift.The flow regimes of the different brine bodies could not be elucidated. Whether each such brine-body flows by its particular hydrological regime or whether the movement of the different bodies is intradependent or interdependent with the regional movement of fresh groundwater, remain open questions. Therefore, sustainable development of groundwater resources is clearly dependent on the elucidation of the relationship between changes in the pressure of the brine with depth and its relationship to the overlying freshwater.The average total annual recharge of all water sources in Cisjordan is 1820 Mm3, which means that the total production of water must be managed within the limits of this annual volume. During drought years, total groundwater extraction exceeds the safe yield, causing drastic lowering of water levels and upflow of saline waters from greater depths.Because of the structural complexity of aquifers and hydrochemical variability of the numerous groundwater bodies, new hydrochemical methods have been developed for the identification of groundwater bodies and for the elucidation of their origins. These methods combine macrochemical, microchemical, and isotopic evidences. By combining distribution patterns of rare earths, yttrium and stable isotopes, a complete picture of catchment lithology and the altitude and latitude of precipitation could be obtained.The area west of the Jordan River is characterized by the occurrence of transboundary surface- and groundwater basins in which fresh and saline water and brines flow across political borders between Israel and the Palestinian Authority. It is very difficult to assess separately the annual safe yield of water resources for each of the two national entities. Neither country may dispose independently of its waters and is usually at the mercy of the other riparian. There is as yet no general multilateral international treaty in force allocating the water resources of international watercourses. At present there are two rules for the management of the waters of an international drainage basin—the rule of Equitable Distribution, and the obligation Not to Cause Significant Harm. The rules of equitable distribution have tended to focus on the issue of quantities of water rather than on quality of water, which is really relevant to the issue of equitable distribution. Future negotiations on the uses of the basin will need to deal with issues of characteristic salinities and geochemical features and on their impact on equitable sharing of water resources. 相似文献
17.
Qiufang He Pingheng Yang Wenhao Yuan Yongjun Jiang Junbin Pu Daoxian Yuan Yinglun Kuang 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(5):1281-1289
The Qingmuguan subterranean river system is located in the suburb of Chongqing, China, and it is the drinking water source that local people downstream rely on. The study aims to provide a scientific basis for groundwater protection in that area, using a hydrogeological framework, tracer tests, hydrological online monitoring, and hydrochemical and microbiological investigation, including heterotrophic plate count (HPC) and the analysis of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) and nitrobacteria (NB). The tracer tests proved simple and direct connections between two important sinkholes and the main springs, and also proved that the underground flows here are fast and turbulent. DNB and NB analyses revealed that the main recharge to the underground river in the dry season is the soil-leached water passing through the fissures of the epikarst, while in the rainy season, it is the surface water flow through sinkholes. The hydrochemical and microbiological data confirmed the notable impact of agriculture and sewage on the spring water quality. In the future, groundwater protection here should focus on targeted vulnerability mapping that yields different protection strategies for different seasons. 相似文献
18.
Hend Ahmed Ibrahim Hussein Adam Ricka Tomas Kuchovsky Maged Mostafa El Osta 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(7):170
The demand for water is rapidly increasing in Egypt, because of high population and agriculture production growth rate, which makes research of water resources necessary. The regional multi-aquifer system of the Miocene–Pleistocene age is discharged in Wadi El Natrun area. Intensive aquifer overexploitation and agricultural development in the area are related to groundwater quality deterioration. Hydrochemical and hydrogeological data was evaluated to determine the groundwater origin and quality in the south-eastern part of wadi, which appears to be more significant for water supply owing to lower groundwater salinity. The dominance of the high mineralised Cl groundwater type was found; however, also less mineralised SO4 and HCO3 types were identified there. Based on the ion relations, halite and gypsum dissolution and ion exchange are the most important hydrochemical processes forming the groundwater chemical composition. The Cl dominated groundwater matches the discharge part of the regional hydrogeological system. Contrary, the presence of HCO3 and SO4 hydrochemical types corresponds to the infiltration and transferring parts of the hydrogeological system indicating the presence of zones conducting low mineralised groundwater. The discharge area of the over-pumped aquifer in Wadi El-Natrun lies 23 m beneath the sea level with the shoreline being at the distance of 100 km, thus there is a real risk of seawater intrusion. Using the hydrochemical facies evolution diagram, four samples in the centre of the discharge area indicate advanced seawater intrusion. The zones of the highest demand for groundwater quality protection were indicated based on a spatial pattern of hydrogeochemical composition. 相似文献
19.
The Simpevarp area is one of the alternative sites being considered for the deep geological disposal of high level radioactive waste in Sweden. In this paper, a coupled regional groundwater flow and reactive solute transport model of the Simpevarp area is presented that integrates current hydrogeological and hydrochemical data of the area. The model simulates the current hydrochemical pattern of the groundwater system in the area. To that aim, a conceptual hydrochemical model was developed in order to represent the dominant chemical processes. Groundwater flow conditions were reproduced by taking into account fluid-density-dependent groundwater flow and regional hydrogeologic boundary conditions. Reactive solute transport calculations were performed on the basis of the velocity field so obtained. The model was calibrated and sensitivity analyses were carried out in order to investigate the effects of heterogeneities of hydraulic conductivity in the subsurface medium. Results provided by the reactive transport model are in good agreement with much of the measured hydrochemical data. This paper emphasizes the appropriateness of the use of reactive solute transport models when water-rock interaction reactions are involved, and demonstrates what powerful tools they are for the interpretation of hydrogeological and hydrochemical data from site geological repository characterization programs, by providing a qualitative framework for data analysis and testing of conceptual assumptions in a process-oriented approach. 相似文献
20.
以招远市道头地区作为研究区。本区位于低山丘陵地区,由于受自然条件限制,普遍存在缺水现象。本次根据前期调查结果,以区内的地质、水文地质条件为基础条件,采用多种地球物理勘探方法相结合的方法,同时依靠钻探、抽水试验等技术手段,将区内的蓄水构造类型共划分了侵入-接触型蓄水构造、接触型蓄水构造和隔水型蓄水构造三类。通过对不同蓄水构造的构造类型,围岩岩性,构造与围岩相互关系,地下水流向,构造隔水性质等地质、水文地质条件的分析确定靶区,结合地球物理勘探方法对靶区进行解译,根据解译结果最终确定井位,并在确定的井位点进行钻探施工和抽水试验,对其富水性进行验证。通过以上多方法结合最终提出了在该种地区中定井方法,提高了成井的成功率,为缺水地区找水提供了理论支撑和实用方法。 相似文献