共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
传统的基于全站仪等单点测量技术难以获取钢结构整体信息,且测量速度慢、模型重建精度低。针对此问题,本文将三维激光扫描技术应用于钢结构模型重建领域,提出了基于LiDAR点云的复杂钢结构模型重建方法。首先,基于标靶球和钢结构面信息实现多测站点云的高精度配准,并通过半径滤波算法去除噪点,以得到完整的激光点云数据;然后,对复杂钢结构单体模型进行分割,以实现各个部件的模型重建;最后,根据现场实测数据对重建的三维模型进行精度评估。试验结果表明,基于该方法得到的模型精度较高,与实际尺寸差值均小于1 cm,为复杂钢结构的三维模型重建提供了有效解决方案。 相似文献
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A comparison between differential evolution (DE) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in solving 1-D small-scale inverse scattering problems is presented. In this comparison, the efficiency of both aforementioned optimization techniques is examined for permittivity and conductivity profile reconstruction problems. The comparison is carried out under the same conditions of initial population of candidate solutions and number of iterations. Numerical results indicate that both optimization methods are reliable tools for inverse scattering applications even when noisy measurements are considered. In the particular case of small-scale problems investigated in this letter, DE outperforms the PSO in terms of reconstruction accuracy. This is considered an indicative result and not generally applicable. 相似文献
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The online transmission and real‐time rendering of complex 3D models have always been a bottleneck which limits the performance of Web 3D simulation systems. To improve the efficiency of data transmission and mesh reconstruction, this article proposes a novel progressive mesh structure. In the first stage of progressive visualization, the base data and the base index generated by vertex clustering simplification are transmitted to the client for the fundamental rendering. Then the incremental data and corresponding indexes at higher levels are transmitted, as the viewpoint approaches the simulation object. The multi‐scale incremental data organization benefits the performance and efficiency of the Web 3D simulation system by separately transmitting and reconstructing the corresponding level of mesh details. To demonstrate the adaptability and reliability of this algorithm, we developed an experimental prototype system to conduct a series of experiments. The results of experiments show that the improved progressive mesh structure described in this article takes good advantage of the vertex clustering simplification scheme to increase the efficiency of online transmission and mesh reconstruction, and the average frame rate of the progressive visualization has been increased to some extent, especially for massive data in large scale scenes. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTSnow geophysical parameters such as wetness, density and permittivity are a significant input in hydrological models and water resource management. In this paper, we utilize the triangle method based on a feature space developed with the near-infrared (NIR) reflectance and the Normalized Differenced Snow Index (NDSI) for the estimation of surface snow wetness, permittivity and density. The triangular feature space based on NIR reflectance and NDSI is parameterized to yield a linear relationship between the snow wetness and the NIR reflectance. Snow density and permittivity are derived based on the least squares solution of empirical relations based on the observations of surface snow wetness. The proposed methodology was evaluated using Sentinel-2 data, and the modeled snow geophysical parameters were validated with respect to field measurements. Based on the results, it was inferred that the NIR reflectance varies linearly with the liquid water content in the snow. A good agreement was determined between the modeled and measured parameters for wet snow conditions as observed by the coefficient of determination of 0.968, 0.521 and 0.969 for the snow wetness, density and permittivity (real part), respectively. The proposed approach can be significantly utilized with unmanned aerial sensors for monitoring of physical properties of fresh or wet snow and is thus expected to contribute considerably in hydrological applications and avalanche studies. 相似文献
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在大量的植被冠层遥感模型中,辐射度模型作为一种计算机模拟模型具有很多优点,它对理解植被—辐射相互作用过程和研究植被冠层辐射机理具有重要的理论价值。传统的辐射度模型假设冠层内叶片为朗伯体。但随着对叶片特性的深入研究发现,叶片的反射特性不能单纯的看成是理想漫反射过程。为了消除传统辐射度模型的朗伯假设,完善辐射度模型,本文利用Phong光照模型模拟叶片表面非朗伯(镜面反射)部分的分布特性,在基于真实结构冠层场景的辐射度模型(RGM)的基础上,增加了叶片镜面反射分量的计算。文中以玉米冠层为例,比较并分析了叶片的镜面反射分量对冠层辐射分布的影响。最后,从辐射度模型原理出发,进一步推导得出了计算冠层镜面反射分量的辐射度公式,从理论上证明了在可见光—近红外区的冠层镜面反射分量与波长无关。本文使用的方法具有简单、易于实现的特点。经过扩展后的辐射度模型既保留了传统辐射度模型的优点,又增加了该模型的功能和模拟范围。 相似文献
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Knowledge of dielectric permittivity of the soil provides direct measure of soil moisture content. A methodology to determine soil moisture based on the reflection coefficient measurement by a pseudo vector method using a horn antenna has been presented. To verify the efficacy of the method, measurements have been carried out at S, C & X band frequencies at two moisture levels and the corresponding emissivity parameters computed. Results so obtained are in good agreement with the already reported data and the direct moisture measurements. This method is expected to be of interest to agricultural scientists and to those involved in the application of remote sensing in crop studies. 相似文献
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无反射棱镜全站仪是不用棱镜作为照射目标就可以进行测距的全站仪,是无反射棱镜测量距离技术与一般全站仪的融合,具有一般全站仪不能替代的优点。利用无反射棱镜可以方便、快捷地测量距离,实现了"即测即得"。已普遍应用于数字地形图测绘的此类全站仪,其所测定地物点的精度满足规范的要求,因此,对无反射棱镜测量这项新技术的工作原理、成果精度进行了系统的阐述与总结。 相似文献
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针对传统古建筑数字化技术的不足和接触测量对建筑物造成"二次伤害",以西北民族大学蝴蝶厅异地重建项目为例,提出了一种结合三维激光扫描技术和现代测量技术以及本体思维进行室内外一体化三维建模的研究思路。首先给出了基于三维激光扫描技术的建模流程;其次,对点云数据处理和三维实体重建两个核心步骤,重点对点云数据的配准拼接、去噪简化和提取轮廓线、三维几何建模和纹理贴图等步骤进行详细论述。本体思维用于基于三维激光扫描的古建筑三维建模,可以有效指导古建筑构件分类建模,提高建模效率。结果表明:三维激光扫描技术适用于具有高复杂度几何特征的蝴蝶厅精细化、真实感建模,为西北民族大学蝴蝶厅古建筑文化遗产未来的开发、保护、维修、恢复重建与虚拟地理环境等提供高精度的数据基准。 相似文献
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LiDAR回波强度数据的校正处理可以提升其在地物分类识别方面的利用价值。本文研究发现倾斜地物(如三角形、拱形房顶等)的自身倾角会改变激光反射角进而影响回波强度,而现有归一化校正模型缺乏对地物倾角的计算分析。随后结合LiDAR数据的采集方式和特点,以及倾斜地物的结构特征,提出了一种加入地物倾角计算的改进型归一化校正算法。首先,对激光点的回波强度值进行基于传输距离值的初步校正;然后,以平面距离值、高程、回波强度值差异为参考,判定激光点是否属于同一倾斜地物,若满足条件,则计算出激光点的趋势角,并依据制定的判定规则确定趋势角的正负;最后,将趋势角计算结果与扫描角数值结合计算出对应的反射角,并重新对回波强度值进行计算校正。实验表明,蓝铁皮材质的三角形、拱形房顶的回波强度值范围和均方差缩小,且采集的8种地物样本的回波强度均值的差异性与激光反射率测量结果基本一致,说明该算法能够有效识别具有一定面积且材质均一的倾斜人工地物并计算修正其自身倾角对回波强度带来的影响,从而进一步提高基于回波强度值的地物可分性。 相似文献
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Thiele A. Cadario E. Schulz K. Soergel U. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2010,7(1):83-87
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随着摄影测量及机器视觉技术的迅速发展,对三维重构的普适性有了更高的要求。对于表面光滑、纹理单一甚至缺失的高反光非金属目标,传统的三维重构方法由于对纹理及反光特性的依赖使得此类目标的重构表面出现大面积的数据空洞。针对这一问题,本文提出了基于多光谱偏振的三维重构方法,将摄影测量与机器视觉进行融合,通过获取目标精确的偏振光谱特征实现准确的三维重构。该方法不依赖于物体表面的纹理信息,并且可以解决仅依靠菲涅尔理论无法实现天顶角和折射率同时估计的问题,最终实现天顶角和折射率的联合估计。由于杂散光和漫反射光在不同波段具有不同的偏振特性以及光谱特性,可完成对目标进行耀光去除的预处理,使得后期的三维重构的精度有较大的提高。基于偏振多光谱的目标三维重构方法是摄影测量与机器视觉融合后三维重构的引导性进展,具有更广泛的应用范围。 相似文献
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利用机载LiDAR点云数据进行建筑物重建是当今摄影测量与遥感领域的一个热点问题,特别是复杂形状建筑物模型的精确自动构建一直是一个难题。本文提出一种基于关键点检测的复杂建筑物模型自动重建方法,采用RANSAC法与距离法相结合的分割方法自动提取建筑物屋顶各个平面的点云,并利用Alpha Shape算法提取出各个平面的精确轮廓,根据屋顶平面之间的空间拓扑关系分析建筑物的公共交线特征,在此特征约束下对提取的初始关键点进行修正,最终重建出精确的建筑物3维模型。选取不同类型复杂建筑物与包含复杂建筑物的城市区域点云进行实验,结果表明该算法具有较强实用价值。 相似文献
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路线剖面图是区域地质调查平面图的重要补充,其三维重建可明确反映地质层面的地表展布与地下发育情况,是重建区域三维地质模型的必要数据。针对区域地质调查路线距离长、褶曲多、地质结构复杂的特点,本文建立了一种基于纵向定位线的剖面特征点三维坐标转换模型,提出了地质界线特征点加密算法,能够有效地提高重建路线三维剖面的准确度与光滑度。研发的剖面三维重建模块已应用于多幅实际区调数据工程项目,应用结果表明:该方法可满足区域地质调查建模需求,剖面重建效果良好,具有较好的实用价值和应用前景。 相似文献
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Application of drone for landslide mapping,dimension estimation and its 3D reconstruction 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sharad Kumar Gupta Dericks P. Shukla 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(6):903-914
Dimension estimation of landslides is a major challenge while preparing the landslide inventory map, for which very high-resolution satellite data/aerial photography is required, which is very expensive. An alternative is the application of drones for such mapping. This study presents the utility of drone/unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for mapping and 3D reconstruction of two landslides near IIT Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. In this study, we used DJI Phantom 3 Advanced drone to collect high-resolution images of landslides. Features in the images were automatically detected, described, and matched among photographs using scale invariant feature transform (SIFT) technique. The 3D position and orientation of the cameras and the XYZ location of each feature in the photographs was estimated using bundle block adjustment. This resulted in sparse 3D point cloud, which was densified using Clustering View for Multi-View Stereo (CMVS) algorithm. Finally, surface reconstruction was done using Poisson Surface Reconstruction method, which was visualised in open source software CloudCompare. The 3D model, generated from drone images, was validated using field measurements of some objects, and 3D surface created from total station. Various quantities i.e. width (length), height and perimeter were measured in the 3D drone model and verified with total station data. The differences among all the measured quantities for both the landslides are less than 5% keeping the measurements of total station as reference. The 3D reconstructed from the sets of photographs is very accurate giving the measurements up to cm level and even small objects could be easily identified. In addition, digital elevation model (DEM) of sub meter resolution could be easily generated and used for various applications. Hence drone-based imagery in combination with 3D scene reconstruction algorithms provide flexible and effective tools to map and monitor landslide apart from accurately assessing the dimensions of the landslides. 相似文献
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架空输电线路机载激光雷达点云电力线三维重建 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
电力线三维重建是机载激光雷达(LiDAR)电力巡线的一项重要任务之一。本文提出了一种基于架空输电线走廊机载LiDAR点云的电力线三维重建方法。首先,基于电塔LiDAR点和初始线路轨迹数据提取精确的电塔位置、电塔数量、线路轨迹、总档数等信息;然后,将线路分档,并确定每一档的二维空间范围和相应的电力线LiDAR点云;接着,分别对每一档的电力线LiDAR点云进行中心化投影,并利用k-means聚类将每一个电力线LiDAR点划分到相应的根;最后,利用直线和抛物线相结合的模型进行单档单根电力导线三维重建。两景试验表明,本文方法可以实现自动、高精度、正确的重建长距离架空输电线走廊电力线三维模型,重建过程中具有对电力线数目、空间配置结构、类型、粗差点、档距长度、点云不规则断裂等因素不敏感的优势。 相似文献
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输电线路三维模型的构建与数据组织 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了一种以二维输电线路GIS和DEMs数据为基础,通过三维扩展构建输电线路三维模型的方法;针对虚拟地形环境的特点,采用地形几何与纹理数据一体化组织的策略,以提高实时数据调度的效率。实例证明了该方法的科学性和实用性。 相似文献
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在光学遥感中,水的强烈镜面反射性和角度选择性使探测器饱和或反射率过低而难以提取有效信息,雪的强反射性和表面敏感性使传感器难以直接探测,植被指数在不同反射强度下的敏感性对经典植被监测方法的精度和有效性提出挑战。偏振手段可大大提高水、雪和植被的遥感识别能力。本文利用地物遥感偏振光效应的高信息—背景反差比滤波特性,解决光学遥感中水、雪的不可测量问题,以及破除植被强光反射条件下无法精细监测的瓶颈。本文从偏振高信息—背景反差比滤波特性理论出发,通过实验证明偏振手段可有效提升水的信息—背景反差比、剥离70%以上的太阳耀光,为强反射特性下的积雪遥感提供必要方法,并最高降低78%的植被监测误差。本文首次推导证明了偏振探测高信息—背景反差比滤波特性机理,在理论指导和实验深化引导下解决了光学遥感中水、雪因探测器饱和而无法测量的问题,并破除了强反射条件下植被无法精细监测的瓶颈。 相似文献
20.
《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2009,6(3):428-432