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特征空间的构建和优化对遥感图像识别能力的提高具有重要作用。针对面向对象方法对波段光谱信息利用不足,以及像元识别法无法充分利用图像空间几何等信息的问题,本文建立了新颖的联合像素级和对象级特征的航摄遥感图像城市变化检测方法。首先,充分利用像素级和对象级特征的优势,建立考虑光谱、指数、纹理、几何、表面高度及神经网络深度特征的特征空间;然后,引入LightGBM(light gradient boosting machine)算法对大量特征进行选择研究;最后,采用随机森林识别器对宜兴市2012年和2015年两期遥感图像进行识别,利用变化矩阵进行城市的变化检测。结果表明:联合像元、深度、对象特征和LightGBM特征选择算法的识别效果最好,平均的总体识别精度达到了88.50%,Kappa系数达到0.86,比基于像元、深度或对象特征的识别方法分别提高了10.50%、15.00%和4.00%;城市变化检测精度达到了87.50%。因此,本文方法是利用甚高分辨率航摄遥感图像进行城市变化的检测的有效方法。 相似文献
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光谱与纹理信息复合的土地利用/覆盖变化动态监测研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
及时、准确地动态监测地球表面特性对于掌握人类和自然现象之间的关系和相互作用是非常重要的,并为决策的制定奠定基础。传统卫星遥感的土地利用/覆盖变化动态监测方法基本上可分为光谱直接比较法和分类比较法两大类,但两类方法多以光谱信息为基础来提取土地利用变化信息,而忽略纹理等空间信息。本研究中,基于变化向量分析方法,将光谱与纹理两种信息复合计算变化强度,并采用支持向量机法提取变化/非变化信息,通过监督分类确定变化区域内的土地利用/覆盖类型的转移方向,完成土地利用/覆盖动态监测。最后,利用两期TM数据,对海淀区1997—2004年进行土地利用/覆盖变化动态监测,以验证该方法。该方法较分类后比较法在一定程度上减少误差积累,降低了错误类型转化,提取的变化信息总精度达到93.1%,Kappa为0.862,比利用光谱信息双窗口变步长的变化向量分析方法提取出土地利用/覆盖变化信息的精度有一定的提高(总体精度为90.2%,Kappa为0.804)。纹理信息与光谱信息复合,能够更大拉开变化/非变化信息之间的距离,有利于动态变化信息的提取,是该方法能够有效提取变化信息的关键所在。 相似文献
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地表覆盖的高效变化检测在地理国情监测中具有重要意义。本文针对当前地表覆盖检测人工目视解译方法效率低，以及软件自动解译错检率、漏检率较高的特点和现状，提出了一种基于联合特征的地表覆盖类型自动变化检测方法。该方法通过对比7种不同的特征联合方案，确立了联合灰度共生矩阵、灰度直方图、光谱统计特征、对象特征的最优组合形式，并设计支持向量机高维度分类器进行分类。试验结果表明，在浙江省复杂地表覆盖分布情况下，基于分辨率优于1 m的国产高分卫星影像，该方法对房屋建筑区、建筑工地等人工构筑物类型变化检测的正确率达到85%以上，对耕地、草地等植被类型也能取得较好的检测效果。 相似文献
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基于时间序列统计特性的森林变化监测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
森林动态变化分析对揭示生态系统环境变化及植被恢复和布局重建等具有重要意义,时间序列的遥感数据为森林监测提供了基础数据。本文根据森林植被的统计学特性,在暗目标法的基础上,利用归一化植被指数NDVI实现森林样本自动选择;并融合NDVI构建了新的综合森林特征指数(Integrated Forest Z-Score,IFZ);以时间序列的IFZ分析森林动态信息,实现森林变化动态监测。以三峡大坝及周边区域森林为研究区,利用2001年至2012年每年生长季节(5月—10月)的Landsat TM影像检验本文算法。基于2002年、2006年和2010年三期7月—9月的Quick Bird影像的精度分析结果发现:研究区森林变化检测的总体精度可达96.53%,Kappa系数为0.9512。在添加NDVI指数后构建的IFZ提高了总体监测精度。其中,毁林类别的检测精度提高显著,漏检率和误检率分别为2.74%和3.64%;干扰后重建的森林类别的检测精度有一定提高,其漏检率和误检率分别为10.79%和10.51%。研究结果表明,改进暗目标法能提高森林样本的选样效率,添加NDVI的IFZ能提高森林动态变化的识别度。此外,本算法不仅能定性识别森林变化,而且能定量提供森林干扰发生时间和干扰强度。 相似文献
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This paper describes different change detection techniques, including image differencing, image rationing, image regression and change vector analysis (CVA) to assess their effectiveness for detecting land use/cover change in a Mediterranean environment. Three Landsat TM scenes recorded on 7 July 1985, 27 July 1993 and 21 July 2005 were used to minimize change detection error introduced by seasonal differences. Images were geometrically, atmospherically and radiometrically corrected. The four change detection techniques were applied and an object-based supervised classification was used as a crossclassification to determine ‘from–to’ change which enabled assessment of the four techniques. The change vector analysis resulted in the largest overall accuracy of 75.25 and 75.55% for the 1985–1993 and 1993–2005 image pairs, respectively. The ratio yielded the least accurate results with an overall accuracy of 59.10 and 61.05% for the 1985–1993 and 1993–2005 image pairs, respectively. Different change detection algorithms have their own merits and advantages. However, the change vector analysis change detection technique was the most accurate model for handling the variability present in Mediterranean land use/cover. 相似文献
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面向对象的遥感影像变化检测方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对变化检测区域内变化区域与未变化区域面积比例较低时,通过常规的阈值计算无法在变化检测中确定准确的变化阈值问题,该文提出了一种带样本选择的面向对象遥感影像变化检测方法。该方法首先对多时相遥感影像进行多尺度分割获取像斑,并采用变化向量分析法计算像斑的差异度;然后,自适应选择训练样本,结合基于期望最大化算法和贝叶斯最小误差率理论的阈值计算方法,采用独立阈值法确定变化阈值;最后,利用变化阈值对差异影像进行二值分割,并获取变化检测结果。实验结果表明该文方法在变化检测精度上优于常规方法。 相似文献
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Multi-source change detection with PALSAR data in the Southern of Pará state in the Brazilian Amazon
Optical data is broadly used for change detection studies, despite being hindered by atmospheric conditions. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data can be useful for change detection in areas with frequent cloud coverage as SAR systems are capable of obtaining images almost independently from atmospheric conditions. This study aims to verify the difference in results of using SAR data instead of optical data for change detection purposes. Different levels of one hierarchical legend and both pixel and region-based classifiers were used. Change results were evaluated considering the use of rectangular matrices to incorporate the occurrence of impossible changes and relative comparison between change maps. Although the change maps obtained using only optical data were more accurate than those using either one or two land cover classifications based on L-band SAR data, the difference in the accuracy of change maps decreases with the use of less detailed legends. Additionally, results indicate that L-band SAR and multi-sensor approaches are adequate for deforestation identification even if post-classification results did not achieve global accuracy values superior to 0.86. The most accurate change detection results obtained in this work were not associated with the overall accuracy of land cover classifications, but with the distribution and accuracy of specific land cover classes. 相似文献
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顾及纹理特征贡献度的变化影像对象提取算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
遥感影像变化检测是全球变化研究的重要内容。基于两期遥感影像的变化检测方法存在数据条件要求苛刻、难以充分利用快速发展的多源遥感影像数据等问题。目前许多变化检测的参考数据中包含了一期分类矢量数据,矢量数据中往往包含了位置、形状、大小和类别属性等先验信息,充分利用这些先验信息将可提高变化检测精度。提取变化影像对象是结合矢量数据和遥感影像进行变化检测的核心步骤。本文提出了一种顾及纹理特征贡献度的变化影像对象提取方法。该方法利用矢量数据分割遥感影像,获取影像对象,计算影像对象纹理特征值。根据信息增益原理计算纹理特征参数的特征贡献度,选择特征参数。由贡献度指数大小确定纹理特征参数权重,计算影像对象与先验要素类别的相似度系数,提取变化影像对象。试验结果表明,基于纹理特征贡献度的特征参数选择,能有效地提高变化影像对象提取结果的精度。 相似文献
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A study was conducted in Lakshadweep islands to determine the feasibility of using Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites for detecting changes in the seagrass from other coastal features. IRS ID and IRS P6 LISS III having spatial resolution of 23.5 m with lower cost compared to all other contemporary satellites with the same spatial resolution have not been widely used for monitoring the changes in seagrass cover. In this context, the present study attempted to explore the effectiveness of LISS III data for mapping seagrasses and to inform the international community about the usefulness of these low-cost imageries for coastal resource monitoring. Supervised classification and change detection studies found a significant decrease in seagrass cover of 73.03 ha in the Lakshadweep group of islands. An overall accuracy of 67.5% was obtained for the change maps, and seagrass cover and its changes vary at different islands. 相似文献
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为了进一步提高基于独立分量分析ICA(Independent Component Analysis)的遥感图像变化检测精确度,更好地实现地表覆盖的动态监测,将多尺度几何分析和核独立分量分析KICA(Kernel Independent Component Analysis)相结合应用于遥感图像的地表覆盖变化检测。首先利用Contourlet变换、复Contourlet变换CCT(Complex Contourlet Transform)、非下采样Contourlet变换NSCT(Nonsubsampled Contourlet Transform)等多尺度几何分析对土地遥感图像进行多尺度分解;然后对分解后的数据进行核独立分量分析,通过核函数将数据映射到高维特征空间中,再在该空间中用ICA方法分离出互相独立的分量;最后将分离后的地表变化分量转化为图像分量,再采用最大类间方差法对变化图像进行分割,实现地表覆盖的变化检测。给出了本文方法和近年来提出的基于ICA、基于KICA、基于小波变换和ICA等变化检测方法的实验结果,并进行了分析和定量比较。实验结果表明,基于多尺度几何分析和KICA的变化检测方法能更好地分离出遥感图像的变化信息,其中基于NSCT和KICA方法的错判和漏检误差最小,且在边缘细节方面处理得更好,而基于Contourlet变换和KICA方法的检测效率相对较高。 相似文献
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云覆盖作为天气和气候变化的一个重要因子,对地表-大气能量平衡和水循环有着重要的影响,因此,快速、准确地利用卫星遥感技术检测云覆盖具有重要的实用价值和科学意义。利用卫星遥感数据,尤其是常用的Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)影像数据,因其具有较高的光谱和时间分辨率,以及2330 km扫描幅宽,为大范围实时、准确地进行云检测提供了可能。目前,基于MODIS数据发展了大量的云检测方法,但因地表类型的多样性和大气状况(如空气污染和沙尘事件等)的复杂性,目前已有的云检测方法,检测精度通常具有较大的不确定性,且针对不同地表和大气状况缺乏普适性,同时也缺乏对检测精度的定量化评估。因此,本文首先比较了常用的3种云检测算法,并基于前人经验提出了两种改进方法(方法4和方法5),首先区分出云和冰雹,摒弃了不稳定的亮温波段,两种算法均适用于复杂地表和大气状况的云检测算法。结果显示,方法5可以较好地应用于基于MODIS数据的云检测,总体精度达92.6±7%,改进了现有基于MODIS数据的云检测算法;方法4平均总体精度82.9±13%,虽然精度相对较低,但云残留少,适合作为对云敏感度高的研究工作的云检测方法。 相似文献
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Binary images from one or more spectral bands have been used in many studies for land-cover change/no-change identification in diverse climatic conditions. Determination of appropriate threshold levels for change/no-change identification is a critical factor that influences change detection result accuracy. The most used method to determine the threshold values is based on the standard deviation (SD) from the mean, assuming the amount of change (due to increase or decrease in brightness values) to be symmetrically distributed on a standard normal curve, which is not always true. Considering the asymmetrical nature of distribution histogram for the two sides, this study proposes a relatively simple and easy ‘Independent Two-Step’ thresholding approach for optimal threshold value determination for spectrally increased and decreased part using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) difference image. Six NDVI differencing images from 2007 to 2009 of different seasons were tested for inter-annual or seasonal land cover change/no-change identification. The relative performances of the proposed and two other methods towards the sensitivity of distributions were tested and an improvement of ∼3% in overall accuracy and of ∼0.04 in Kappa was attained with the Proposed Method. This study demonstrated the importance of consideration of normality of data distributions in land-cover change/no-change analysis. 相似文献
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要素变化信息对地物生命周期的记录、时空数据库的构建、GIS数据库的更新有重要意义.针对大数据量的变化信息发现,本文采用基于格网划分的方法,通过对空间特征与属性特征汇总信息的对比,只对发生变化的格网进行检测,缩小了检测范围与空间查询区域.为解决要素变化前后的匹配问题,提出一种最优组合匹配法,通过对组合对象空间特征及语义特征的综合比较,从候选要素中选取最佳匹配对象.试验证明,该方法能够高效准确地实现大数据量的矢量数据变化信息的探测,并能很好地解决非一对一的要素匹配问题. 相似文献
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为利用高分辨率遥感影像实现高精度的飞机目标变化检测,提出了一种自适应的多特征融合变化检测与深度学习相结合的方法。首先,通过加权迭代的多元变化检测法获取变化强度图,并结合自适应的直方图统计法自动获取显著的变化与不变化样本;然后,提取多时相影像的光谱、边缘和纹理特征,完成多特征融合的变化检测,并通过形态学处理得到变化图斑;最后,利用训练的NIN(Network in Network)结构的卷积神经网络飞机识别模型,完成变化图斑的类型判别,实现变化飞机的检测。实验结果表明,本文方法在两组数据的正确率分别达到100%和91.89%,均优于对比方法,能实现准确可靠的飞机目标变化检测。 相似文献
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为提高高分辨率遥感影像变化检测精度,提出一种以领域知识为优化策略的深度学习变化检测方法。利用改进的变化矢量分析和灰度共生矩阵算法获取影像的光谱和纹理变化,设定合理阈值获得变化区域待选样本;引入领域知识中图斑形状特征指数与光谱知识,筛选得到高质量的训练样本;构建并训练了深度置信网络模型,使用优化策略对深度学习变化检测结果进行优化,以减少“椒盐”噪声和伪变化区对检测精度的影响。通过高分二号与IKONOS影像的变化检测实验表明,该方法较优化前准确率与召回率最大增幅分别为7.58%和14.69%（高分二号）、17.08%和23.87%（IKONOS）,虚警率和漏检率最大降幅为30.22%和23.30%（高分二号）、17.08%和23.87%（IKONOS）,能够有效提高变化检测精度。 相似文献
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针对高分辨率遥感影像建筑物变化检测精度不高的问题,本文提出了一种改进城市建筑物变化检测方法。首先通过提取像元顶点构造像元图集,并以长宽比与矩形度作为变化检测测度,对后一期影像进行影像分割,识别建筑物轮廓对象。将建筑物轮廓进行几何关系筛选,完成建筑物变化信息提取。实验表明,该方法具有较高的变化检测精度,可明显削弱光照条件和成像角度对建筑物变化检测精度的影响,是一种普适性较强的城市建筑物变化检测方法。 相似文献
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Shivesh Kishore Karan 《国际地球制图》2018,33(10):1084-1094
The main objective of this study was to improve the long-term land use change detection by improving classification accuracy of previous generation satellite image using a recent super-resolution technique. The study also analysed the change in land cover over a period of 41 years in a coal mining area. A dual-tree complex wavelet transform-based image super-resolution technique was used to enhance Landsat images of 1975 and 2016. Separating pixels with similar spectral response is an enigmatical task, especially when those pixel represent different ground features. Therefore, an advanced neural net supervised classifier was used to minimize classification errors. Accuracy of the classified images (both super-resolved and original) were measured using confusion matrices and kappa coefficients. A significant improvement of more than 10% was observed in the overall classification accuracy for the image of 1975, highlighting that the classification accuracy of earlier generation satellite data can be improved substantially. 相似文献
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This study aims to increase the accuracy of the object based classification approach to differentiate the spectrally similar land cover types to create thematic maps depicting the current land use status in rangeland. Firstly, the multispectral and panchromatic bands of a WorldView-2 MS and Pan images are fused. The fused WV-2 image is then classified with object based approach using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) classifier (Method 1). The overall classification accuracy for Method 1 is found to be 88.6%. Secondly, UAV ortho-image is utilised for segmentation process, which is required for the object based SVM classification of the WV-2 MS image (Method 2). The overall classification accuracy for Method 2 is obtained as 92.4%. It is realised that the Method 2 increases the object based classification accuracy by 4%, compared to Method 1. This result reveals that the object based classification of the UAV and WV-2 MS images makes significant contribution to the classification accuracy. 相似文献