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1.
Due to the different signal frequencies for the GLONASS satellites, the commonly-used double-differencing procedure for carrier phase data processing can not be implemented in its straightforward form, as in the case of GPS. In this paper a novel data processing strategy, involving a three-step procedure, for integrated GPS/GLONASS positioning is proposed. The first is pseudo-range-based positioning, that uses double-differenced (DD) GPS pseudo-range and single-differenced (SD) GLONASS pseudo-range measurements to derive the initial position and receiver clock bias. The second is forming DD measurements (expressed in cycles) in order to estimate the ambiguities, by using the receiver clock bias estimated in the above step. The third is to form DD measurements (expressed in metric units) with the unknown SD integer ambiguity for the GLONASS reference satellite as the only parameter (which is constant before a cycle slip occurs for this satellite). A real-time stochastic model estimated by residual series over previous epochs is proposed for integrated GPS/GLONASS carrier phase and pseudo-range data processing. Other associated issues, such as cycle slip detection, validation criteria and adaptive procedure(s) for ambiguity resolution, is also discussed. The performance of this data processing strategy will be demonstrated through case study examples of rapid static positioning and kinematic positioning. From four experiments carried out to date, the results indicate that rapid static positioning requires 1 minute of single frequency GPS/GLONASS data for 100% positioning success rate. The single epoch positioning solution for kinematic positioning can achieve 94.6% success rate over short baselines (<6 km). 相似文献
2.
DAI LiwenHAN ShaoweiChris Rizos 《地球空间信息科学学报》2001,4(4):9-18
1 ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＲｅａｌ＿ｔｉｍｅｋｉｎｅｍａｔｉｃＧＰＳｐｒｅｃｉｓｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐｌａｙｉｎｇａｎｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｒｏｌｅｉｎｂｏｔｈｓｕｒｖｅｙｉｎｇａｎｄｎａｖｉｇａｔｉｏｎ ,ａｎｄｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅａｎｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｔｏｏｌｆｏｒｐｒｅｃｉｓｅｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｇ .Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｒｅｌｉａｂｌｅａｎｄｃｏｒｒｅｃｔａｍｂｉｇｕｉｔｙｒｅｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｏｎｏｂｓｅｒｖａ ｔｉｏｎｓｕｐｏｎａｌａｒｇｅｎｕｍｂｅ… 相似文献
3.
为了提高室内可见光定位的稳健性和效率,对定位系统的算法部分进行优化,将定位问题考虑为三维点位拟合问题,利用奇异值分解技术,推导出一个用于确定接收器位置和朝向的闭合表达式。另外,使用智能手机的图像传感器作为接收器,对平面部署的35个网格点进行了测试。与常用的LM迭代式定位算法相比,本文算法定位速度更快,大约快30倍;且避免了由于错误的初始猜测而造成定位失败的可能性,在实际环境中实现了厘米级的高精度定位。 相似文献
4.
Yanming Feng 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(12):847-862
This paper presents a general modeling strategy for ambiguity resolution (AR) and position estimation (PE) using three or
more phase-based ranging signals from a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). The proposed strategy will identify three
best “virtual” signals to allow for more reliable AR under certain observational conditions characterized by ionospheric and
tropospheric delay variability, level of phase noise and orbit accuracy. The selected virtual signals suffer from minimal
or relatively low ionospheric effects, and thus are known as ionosphere-reduced virtual signals. As a result, the ionospheric parameters in the geometry-based observational models can be eliminated for
long baselines, typically those of length tens to hundreds of kilometres. The proposed modeling comprises three major steps.
Step 1 is the geometry-free determination of the extra-widelane (EWL) formed between the two closest L-band carrier measurements,
directly from the two corresponding code measurements. Step 2 forms the second EWL signal and resolves the integer ambiguity
with a geometry-based estimator alone or together with the first EWL. This is followed by a procedure to correct for the first-order
ionospheric delay using the two ambiguity-fixed widelane (WL) signals derived from the integer-fixed EWL signals. Step 3 finds
an independent narrow-lane (NL) signal, which is used together with a refined WL to resolve NL ambiguity with geometry-based
integer estimation and search algorithms. As a result, the above two AR processes performed with WL/NL and EWL/WL signals
respectively, either in sequence or in parallel, can support real time kinematic (RTK) positioning over baselines of tens
to hundreds of kilometres, thus enabling centimetre-to-decimentre positioning at the local, regional and even global scales
in the future. 相似文献
5.
辅助全球定位系统通过蜂窝网基站提供给A-GPS接收机捕获辅助信息、辅助星历、时间与概略坐标,解决了微弱信号下的定位问题。从信号捕获到完成跟踪,解码导航电文需要经历相关锁定、相位锁定、比特同步、帧同步等过程,在信号很弱以至于无法实现帧同步、不能解调卫星TOW的情况下,常规定位算法无法实现定位。文中提出多普勒与伪码相位结合的A-GPS快速定位算法,利用伪码相位值进行伪距重构法消去整数毫秒伪距中隐含的公共误差,利用多普勒定位提供的初值保证初始位置和时间误差在0.5光毫秒以内,实现了粗时间、粗位置辅助下利用多普勒与伪码相位值的A-GPS快速定位。 相似文献
6.
M. R. Mosavi 《GPS Solutions》2006,10(2):97-107
Position information obtained from standard global positioning system (GPS) receivers has time variant errors. For effective use of GPS information in a navigation system, it is essential to model these errors. A new approach is presented for improving positioning accuracy using neural network (NN), fuzzy neural network (FNN), and Kalman filter (KF). These methods predict the position components’ errors that are used as differential GPS (DGPS) corrections in real-time positioning. Method validity is verified with experimental data from an actual data collection, before and after selective availability (SA) error. The result is a highly effective estimation technique for accurate positioning, so that positioning accuracy is drastically improved to less than 0.40 m, independent of SA error. The experimental test results with real data emphasize that the total performance of NN is better than FNN and KF considering the trade-off between accuracy and speed for DGPS corrections prediction. 相似文献
7.
提出了一种基于互补滤波融合Wi Fi和PDR的行人室内定位方法。首先改善Wi Fi位置指纹定位的KNN算法,通过阈值的设定,排除相似度高但实际上不可能的点,获取动态K值;然后通过行人航位推算(PDR)初始化算法,动态轨迹概率计算,确定PDR初始位置;最后在改进的Wi Fi和PDR的定位基础上,基于互补滤波原理,根据Wi Fi和PDR定位的不同特性,利用各自的定位优点,使用Wi Fi定位修正PDR的定位结果,通过相应权重参数的调整,输出最终融合定位结果。试验过程中,选取3种不同的室内环境区域,试验结果证明了该算法可大大提高室内定位的精度和稳定性。 相似文献
8.
In the global positioning system (GPS), code division multiple access (CDMA) signals are used. Because of the known spectral
characteristics of the CDMA signal, continuous wave (CW) interference has a predictable effect on the different pseudo random
noise (PRN) spreading codes (unique to each satellite) depending on the Doppler frequency of the signal. The Doppler frequency
for each signal is also predictable once the receiver position is known. As different satellite signals have different Doppler
frequencies, the effect on the signal quality is also different. In this paper first the effect is studied analytically. The
concept of an “exclusion zone” is defined and analyzed for each satellite. This exclusion zone, where that satellite should
not be used due to interference degradation, is shown to be predictable for each satellite as a function of time. Using this
prediction, the CW interference effect on the positioning quality of the receiver can be mitigated by ignoring the affected
satellites within exclusion zones when performing position evaluation. The threshold beyond which a satellite should be excluded
is then derived by studying the mutual effects of the geometry and the signal quality of that satellite on the positioning
quality. Receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) uses redundancy in measurements to perform an internal consistency
check to see if all of the measurements are satisfactory. In this paper this technique is also used to mitigate the effect
of CW interference on the positioning accuracy. Finally it is shown that the prediction of the exclusion zone for each satellite
outperforms the RAIM algorithm in mitigation the effect of the interference when 5 satellites are visible.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
9.
Understanding the role of the ionospheric delay in single-point single-epoch GPS coordinates 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Elsa Mohino 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(1):31-45
The ionospheric delay is the main source of error for single-point single-epoch (SPSE) GPS positioning when using single-frequency
receivers. In contrast to the common slant approach, in this article we focus on its effect in final coordinates through the
study of bias propagation in SPSE positioning: we first show an analytical resolution for the propagation problem with highly
symmetric satellite configurations. To overcome some of the disadvantages of this first method, we use Santerre’s technique
and, finally, present a new numerical methodology that allows us to generalize for a real geometry and obtain an average ionospheric
positioning error over a given site. From the results obtained, four working hypotheses that relate the ionospheric shape
above the receiver with final position errors are presented and tested. These four hypotheses, which agree with average ionospheric
positioning error in 95% of the studied cases, can be related to the construction of the design matrix. Finally, these hypotheses
have been used to address a situation where the ionospheric delay is corrected with an ionospheric model. 相似文献
10.
Galileo status: orbits,clocks, and positioning 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
The European Global Navigation Satellite System Galileo is close to declaration of initial services. The current constellation comprises a total of 12 active satellites, four of them belonging to the first generation of In-Orbit Validation satellites, while the other eight are Full Operational Capability (FOC) satellites. Although the first pair of FOC satellites suffered from a launch anomaly resulting in an elliptical orbit, these satellites can be used for scientific applications without relevant limitations. The quality of broadcast orbits and clocks has significantly improved since the beginning of routine transmissions and has reached a signal-in-space range error of 30 cm. Precise orbit products generated by the scientific community achieve an accuracy of about 5 cm if appropriate models for the solar radiation pressure are applied. The latter is also important for an assessment of the clock stability as orbit errors are mapped to the apparent clock. Dual-frequency single point positioning with broadcast orbits and clocks of nine Galileo satellites that have so far been declared healthy already enables an accuracy at a few meters. Galileo-only precise point positioning approaches a precision of 2 cm in static mode using daily solutions. 相似文献
11.
The accuracy of conventional global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) positioning in dense urban areas is severely degraded due to blockage and reflection of the signals by the surrounding buildings. By using 3D mapping of the buildings to aid GNSS positioning, the accuracy can be substantially improved. However, positioning performance must be balanced against computational load. Here, a likelihood-based 3D-mapping-aided (3DMA) GNSS ranging algorithm is demonstrated that enables signals predicted to be non-line-of-sight (NLOS) to contribute to the position solution without explicitly computing the additional path delay due to NLOS reception, which is computationally expensive. Likelihoods for an array of candidate positions are computed based on the difference between the measured and predicted pseudoranges. However, a skewed distribution is assumed for those signals predicted to be NLOS on the basis that the ensuing ranging errors are always positive. An overall position solution is then extracted from the likelihood surface. GNSS measurement data have been collected at several locations in both traditional and modern dense urban environments. Horizontal root-mean-square single-epoch position accuracies of 4.7, 5.6 and 6.5 m are obtained using, respectively, a Leica Viva geodetic receiver, a u-blox EVK M8T consumer-grade receiver and a Nexus 9 tablet incorporating a smartphone GNSS antenna and a GNSS chipset that outputs pseudoranges. The corresponding accuracies using single-epoch conventional GNSS positioning are 20.5, 23.0 and 28.4 m, about a factor of four larger. The 3DMA GNSS algorithms have also been implemented in real time on a Raspberry Pi 3 at a 1-Hz update rate.
相似文献12.
精密单点定位中的模糊度不具有整数特性,如何将其准确求解一直是当前研究的热点。且在定位初始阶段,需要经过长时间观测才能使定位精度收敛到厘米、分米级。为解决上述两个问题,可引入惯性导航系统（INS）输出的短时间内高精度的导航信息,以用于辅助模糊度浮点解快速准确地解算。文中分别介绍了直接利用位置信息代入和构建虚拟观测量的两种最小二乘方法,以及这两种方法下INS导航信息精度与模糊度浮点解精度之间的关系。仿真结果表明:惯性信息的辅助作用能够有效地在定位初始阶段提高模糊度解算的效率和精度、缩短收敛时间、改善定位精度。 相似文献
13.
随着位置服务的发展,人们对定位精度的需求不断提升,目前智能手机定位精度仅为米级.?2016年谷歌宣布允许开发者获取手机全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)原始观测数据,为研究手机GNSS高精度定位算法提供了支持.?由于智能手机获取的伪距噪声较大,单纯利用伪距进行单点定位或伪距差分定位精度有限,很难达到较高精度.?为此在对数据质... 相似文献
14.
Accurate geocentric three dimensional positioning is of great importance for various geodetic and oceanographic applications.
While relative positioning accuracy of a few centimeters has become a reality using Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), the uncertainty in the offset of the adopted coordinate system origin from the geocenter is still believed to be of the
order of one meter. Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) is capable of determining this offset to better than10 cm, though, because of the limited number of satellites, this requires a long arc of data. The Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements provide a powerful alternative for an accurate determination of this origin offset in relatively short period
of time. Two strategies are discussed, the first utilizes the precise relative positions predetermined byVLBI, where as the second establishes a reference frame by holding only one of the tracking sites longitude fixed. Covariance
analysis studies indicate that geocentric positioning to an accuracy of a few centimeters can be achieved with just one day
of preciseGPS pseudorange and carrier phase data. 相似文献
15.
X. X. Jin 《Journal of Geodesy》1997,71(7):411-422
This paper derives a DGPS positioning algorithm, referred to as the algorithm for carrier-adjusted DGPS positioning. This
algorithm can be applied by a DGPS user when code and carrier observations are available and when the dynamic behaviours of
both mobile positions and receiver-clock biases can and cannot be modelled. Since the algorithm directly uses code and carrier
observations, the stochastic model of observations has a simple structure and can be easily specified. When the dynamic behaviour
of mobile positions can be modelled, the algorithm can provide recursive solutions of the positions, on the other hand, when
the behaviour cannot be modelled, it can provide their instantaneous solutions. Furthermore, the algorithm can integrate with
a real-time quality-control procedure so that the quality of the position estimates can be guaranteed with a certain probability.
Since in the use of the algorithm there always exist redundant observations unless the position parameters are inestimable,
the quality control can even be performed when only four satellites are tracked. Using the algorithm and real GPS data collected
at a 100-km baseline, this contribution investigates how DGPS positioning accuracies vary with the type of observables used
at reference and mobile stations, and how important it is to choose an elevation-dependent standard deviation for code observations
in DGPS data reduction. It was found that using carrier observations along with code observations is more important at the
reference station than at the mobile station. Choosing an elevation-dependent standard deviation for code observations can
result in better positioning accuracy than choosing a constant standard deviation for code observations. For the 100-km baseline,
half-metre single-epoch positioning accuracy was achieved when dual-frequency data was used at both reference and mobile stations.
The positioning accuracy became better than 0.75m when the types of observable used at the mobile station were replaced by
L1 code and carrier.
Received: 9 April 1996 / Accepted: 6 February 1997 相似文献
16.
针对GNSS卫星导航中的伪距单点定位,提出一种不需要测站坐标近似值的非迭代算法。该算法将GNSS伪距导航定位方程转化为空间双曲定位方程,给出具体的解算步骤,研究了空间双曲定位方程的解(有两解),利用GNSS伪距导航定位的特点可消除多值性,从而实现无初值GNSS伪距单点定位。该算法与Bancroft算法相比,通过星间单差,与测站有关的公共误差项被消去,提高了定位精度;与传统的迭代算法相比,提高了计算效率,而且不需要测站坐标初值。最后通过IGS监测站实测数据对3种算法进行比较,验证了算法的有效性。 相似文献
17.
Mixed integer–real least squares (MIRLS) estimation still has two open scientific problems, i.e., the validation of results and computational efficiency for a large number of satellites. This paper presents and discusses a non-conventional approach to MIRLS estimation, which belongs to the ambiguity function method (AFM) class. Because the solution is searched for in the constant three-dimensional coordinate domain instead of the n-dimensional ambiguity domain, the computational efficiency does not depend as much on the number of satellites as it does in conventional MIRLS estimation. Simple numerical pretests have shown that the reliability and precision of results from the presented approach and the conventional MIRLS estimation are exactly the same. Hence, the presented approach, contrary to AFM, may be treated as MIRLS estimation. Furthermore, the presented approach is a few hundred times faster than AFM and may be considered in (near) real-time GNSS positioning. In light of the above, the new field of research on MIRLS estimation may be opened. 相似文献
18.
适用于机载三维遥感的动态GPS定位技术及其数据处理 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
机载三维遥感采用动态ＧＰＳ定位技术提供遥感器的空中精确位置,能快速高效获得遥感地学编码图像和ＤＥＭ,雇地中国自行研制、具有独创性的机载三维遥感影像制图系统中的动态ＧＰＳ定位技术特点和要求进行了分析。论述了应用三维遥感的ＧＳＰ定位数据处理和算流程。法 相似文献
19.
为解决可观测基站受遮挡情况下仅采用到达时间（time of arrived, TOA）无法定位或精度较差的问题,将第5代移动通信技术（5th generation,5G）中多天线阵列提供的信号离开角（angle of departure, AOD）应用在定位解算中,通过卡尔曼滤波将5G定位与捷联惯性导航（strapdown inertial navigation system,SINS）融合,构成融合TOA/AOD的5G/SINS组合导航方案。通过模拟可观测5G基站数量充足、遮挡这两类场景下的仿真实验,对基于TOA的5G定位、基于TOA/AOD的5G定位、TOA组合导航、TOA/AOD组合导航这4种解算方法的位置误差进行了比较。仿真实验结果表明,当可观测基站受遮挡时,融合TOA/AOD进行5G/SINS组合导航能确保100%的定位成功率,并有效降低组合导航发散的概率,减小40%~70%的位置误差。 相似文献
20.
A new coarse-time GPS positioning algorithm using combined Doppler and code-phase measurements 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
A new coarse-time Global Positioning System (GPS) positioning algorithm based on the use of Doppler and code-phase measurements is proposed and described. The proposed method was demonstrated to be essential for reducing the time to first fix and the power consumption in a GPS receiver. Only 1 ms of data is required to obtain a positioning fix with accuracy comparable to that of the traditional GPS navigation algorithm. The algorithm is divided into two parts. In the first part, the Doppler measurement of the GPS signal is used to determine the coarse user position. With proper constraints, the required time accuracy for the Doppler measurements can be relaxed to be as long as 12 h. In the second part of the algorithm, the accurate user position is calculated by means of the 1 ms code-phase data. The traditional tracking process is no longer necessary in the proposed algorithm. Using the acquired 1-ms code-phase measurement, the positioning accuracy was determined to be approximately a few tens of meters in our experimental results. However, if the data length is extended to 10 ms, the positioning accuracy can be improved to within 10–20 m, which is similar to that of the traditional GPS positioning method. Various experiments were conducted to verify the usefulness of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献