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1.
再论塔里木板块的归属问题 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21
长期以来，对塔里木板块属于华北板块？扬子板块？还是一个独立的板块？一直存在争议。本文根据塔里木板前寒武纪基底的性质，古生代沉积建造序列，生物古地理区系的面貌和古地磁资料认为：（１）塔里木是属于前寒武纪陆壳基底的独立板块，与周边板块之间的存在不同规模的洋盆；（２）早古生代时，塔里木位于南半球，更接近于扬子板块，而远离华北板块（３）在古生代一中生代时，塔里木板块与周边坡板块先后碰撞，直到三叠纪末，塔里 相似文献
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东天山板块构造基本特征 总被引：22，自引：1，他引：22
依据沉积建造、构造岩石组合、变形、变质、古生物分区、地壳结构、地球物理、地球化学等特征重新划分了东天山的板块构造格局，并对区内５个二级板块单元的基本特征进行了对比总结。康古尔塔格—喀尔力克岛弧系发育泥盆—石炭系岛弧拉斑玄武岩—安山岩，为活动大陆边缘产物；阿奇山—雅满苏岛弧系发育石炭系，４个火山—沉积旋回表明其为典型的活动边缘，无序地层苦水组为海沟区浊积岩；北山可二分，北部与中天山可对比，为早古生代岛弧，南部可与南天山对比，为晚古生代弧后盆地。康古尔塔格—黄山深断裂为准噶尔板块与塔里木板块的分界线，沿断裂发现有巨型韧性剪切带、混杂岩、海沟杂砂岩、大洋岩残片、无序拼合混杂带、碰撞花岗岩等，表明康—黄断裂为南北两板块的俯冲—碰撞带。 相似文献
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中国东北区古生代构造古地理格局 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
根据地层,沉积岩相古地理及古地磁等资料综合分析,认为中国东北区古生代存在着额尔古纳－兴安、松嫩、佳木斯－兴凯等中,小板块群。其中,松嫩微板块和佳木斯－兴凯微板块于早古生代末沿牡丹江断裂拼合;额尔古纳－兴安微板块和松嫩－佳木斯－兴凯微板块于中晚泥盆世沿多宝山伊尔施一线拼合,至此形成统一的黑龙江板块。石炭二叠纪在黑龙江板块与华北板块之间为古亚洲洋的南支,中晚二叠世南北陆－陆对接,而陆内俯冲碰撞造山过程 相似文献
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根据合肥盆地及周边地表地质、地震剖面、同位素测年及MT等新资料的综合研究,提出中-新生代合肥盆地的基底是一个不同构造类型基底的叠合与复合.上古生界以前的基底以六安断裂为界,其北为华北板块陆壳型-过渡壳型结晶基底及其上的华北克拉通-被动大陆边缘盆地沉积的上元古-下古生界基底;其南为大别型结晶基底及其上的北淮阳弧后盆地沉积的上元古-下古生界变质基底,而上古生界基底属于弧后前陆盆地型沉积.六安断裂是合肥盆地部位北大别弧、北淮阳晚元古-早古生代弧后盆地在早古生代晚期-晚古生代早期与华北板块的弧-陆碰撞缝合线. 相似文献
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新疆古生代构造—生物古地理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过6幅图表达了新疆古生代板块的构造－生物古地理区系。早古生代，包括劳伦，波罗的、西伯利亚和哈萨克斯坦4陆块的亚帕特斯古陆（Iapetusa)群，与由其余陆块构成的冈瓦纳古陆群隔原特提斯洋相对峙。石炭－二叠纪，欧美、安加拉、太平洋和冈瓦纳4古陆共存并立。西伯利亚和哈萨克斯担板块经历了早古生代亚伯特斯古陆、晚古生代安加拉古陆和早二叠世晚期以来欧亚大陆3个发展阶段。塔里木、中朝、华南－东南亚板块经历了早古生代冈瓦纳古陆、晚古生代太平洋古陆和早二叠世晚期以来欧亚大陆3个发展阶段。指出在中晚寒武世和晚奥陶世哈萨克斯坦板块靠近塔里木、中朝和华南－东南亚板块；在早古生代其余时期它接近西伯利亚板块。伊犁和托克逊－雅满苏地体是在中泥盆世之前裂解自塔里木板块，尔后在早二叠世晚期接近安加拉古陆。塔里木板块北东缘北山地区在早二叠世早期首先靠近安加拉古陆。塔里木与西伯利亚－哈萨克斯坦板块之间缝合时代大抵上和土耳其－中伊朗－冈底斯与华南－东南亚板块之间缝合时代一致。缝合事件发生在早二叠世早期，而相应的构造运动出现在早晚二叠世之交。 相似文献
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吉林省地体构造的基本特征 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
吉林省地体构造的一个显著特征是在早古生代以前，伊舒断裂两侧分属两个不同的大地构造单元，西侧的构造环境与华北大陆板块北缘相似，为受古蒙古洋作用的早生代活动陆缘，东侧为长白山一张广才岭地体添加带（也称联合地体（省内包括吉林－延边古生代增生褶皱带及辽吉台块。其中辽吉台块于新元古代到早寒纪位于赤道附的，以后沿巨型拆离面逐渐北移，于二叠纪末沿辉发河－古洞河拼贴带，与吉林一延边古生代陆缘增生褶皱带拼贴到一起。 相似文献
11.
Wei‐Qiang Ji Marco G. Malus Massimo Tiepolo Antonio Langone Liang Zhao Fu‐Yuan Wu 《地学学报》2019,31(2):120-128
Periadriatic Alpine magmatism has long been attributed to slab breakoff after Adria–Europe continental collision, but this interpretation is challenged by geophysical data suggesting the existence of a continuous slab. Here, we shed light on this issue based on a comprehensive dataset of zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions from the main western Periadriatic intrusives (from Traversella to Adamello). Our zircon U–Pb data provide the first evidence of Eocene magmatism in the Western Alps (42–41 Ma in Traversella), and demonstrate that magmatism started synchronously in different segments of the Alpine belt, when subduction was still active. Zircon U–Pb ages define younging trends perpendicular to the strike of the European slab, suggesting a progressive Eocene–Oligocene slab steepening. We propose that slab steepening enhanced the corner flow. This process was more effective near the torn edge of the European slab, and triggered Periadriatic magmatism in the absence of slab breakoff. 相似文献
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We conducted a seismic tomographic analysis to estimate the crustal structure beneath the Shikoku and Chugoku regions in Japan. The Philippine Sea slab (PHS slab) subducts continuously in a SE–NW direction beneath this region, and the crustal structure is complex. Furthermore, the Median Tectonic Line (MTL), one of the longest and most active arc-parallel fault systems in Japan (hereafter, the MTL active fault system), is located in this area, and the right-lateral strike–slip movement of this fault system is related to the oblique subduction of the PHS slab. The MTL active fault system has ruptured repeatedly during the last 10 000 years, and has high seismic potential. Our tomographic analysis clarified the heterogeneous crustal structure along the MTL active fault system. This fault system in Shikoku can be divided into two segments, an east segment and a west segment, on the basis of the velocity structure. This segmentation model is consistent with other such models that have been determined from geological and geomorphological data such as fault geometry, slip rate, and faulting history. This consistency suggests that the surface characteristics of the MTL active fault system are related to structural properties of the crust. In particular, a prominent low-velocity (low-V) zone is present in the lower crust beneath the east segment. Our tomographic images show that the lower crust structure beneath the east segment is obviously different from that of the other segment. Furthermore, this low-V zone may indicate the presence of fluid, possibly related to dehydration of the PHS slab. As the presence of fluid in the lower crust affects the activity of the fault, stress accumulation and the fault failure mechanism may differ between the two segments of the MTL active fault system. 相似文献
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In this article, we review the significant recent results of geophysical studies and discuss their implications on seismotectonics, magmatism, and mantle dynamics in East Asia. High-resolution geophysical imaging revealed structural heterogeneities in the source areas of large crustal earthquakes, which may reflect magma and fluids that affected the rupture nucleation of large earthquakes. In subduction zone regions, the crustal fluids originate from the dehydration of the subducting slab. Magmatism in arc and back-arc areas is caused by the corner flow in the mantle wedge and dehydration of the subducting slab. The intraplate magmatism has different origins. The continental volcanoes in Northeast Asia (such as Changbai and Wudalianchi) seem to be caused by the corner flow in the big mantle wedge (BMW) above the stagnant slab in the mantle transition zone and the deep dehydration of the stagnant slab as well. The Tengchong volcano in Southwest China is possibly caused by a similar process in BMW above the subducting Burma microplate (or Indian plate). The Hainan volcano in southernmost China seems to be a hotspot fed by a lower-mantle plume associated with the Pacific and Philippine Sea slabs’ deep subduction in the east and the Indian slab’s deep subduction in the west down to the lower mantle. The occurrence of deep earthquakes under the Japan Sea and the East Asia margin may be related to a metastable olivine wedge in the subducting Pacific slab. The stagnant slab finally collapses down to the bottom of the mantle, which may trigger upwelling of hot mantle materials from the lower mantle to the shallow mantle beneath the subducting slabs and cause the slab–plume interactions. Some of these issues, such as the origin of intraplate magmatism, are still controversial, and so further detailed studies are needed from now. 相似文献
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《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2015,56(3):363-378
Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope data for basaltic rocks of different ages from Kunashir Island (southern Kurile island arc) provide clues to investigate the subduction magmatic history. Signatures of a high-temperature slab component (melt and/or supercritical liquid produced by melting of slab sediments) involved in Early Miocene–Pleistocene back-arc basaltic magmatism indicate a relatively hot (> 800 °C) slab surface. Depleted isotope characteristics of Holocene basaltic lavas in both volcanic front and back arc indicate their origin with the participation of a cold aqueous fluid produced by dehydration of altered oceanic crust of the Pacific MORB type. The difference in geological, geochemical and isotope patterns in the Pleistocene and the Holocene lavas may be a response to stress change from extension to compression in the Kurile back-arc basin and the Kurile arc. 相似文献
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Necking, tearing, slab detachment and subsequently slab loss complicate the subduction zone processes and slab architecture.
Based on evidences which include patterns of seismicity, seismic tomography and geochemistry of arc volcanoes, we have identified
a horizontal slab tear in the subducted Indo-Australian slab beneath the Sunda arc. It strongly reflects on trench migration,
and causes along-strike variations in vertical motion and geochemically distinct subduction-related arc magmatism. We also
propose a model for the geodynamic evolution of slab detachment. 相似文献
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Enric Vicens M. Eugenia Arribas Xavier Clop M. Rita Estrada Eudald Maestro Oriol Oms David Serrat Miquel Molist 《Geoarchaeology》2010,25(2):195-219
The Puigseslloses megalith tomb (Barcelona, Spain) is located on the summit of a hill in the Vic Plain where the sedimentary rocks that were used in its construction do not crop out. A sedimentological and petrological characterization of the monument's slabs and a multidisciplinary analysis of the outcropping materials in nearby areas has allowed the identification of three possible source areas associated with the Paleogene Banyoles Marls Formation and the Folgueroles Sandstone Formation and allows us to propose possible routes by which the slabs were transported from the catchment site to the place where the monument was built. In addition, the lithology and position of different slabs within the megalith denote the intention to separate the chamber from the corridor by using different types of slab. The position of the monument also reveals that tomb location was more of a priority than proximity to the slab sources. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Tomographic evidence for a slab tear induced by fossil ridge subduction at Manila Trench,South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A tomographic travel-time inversion has been applied to trace the subducted slab of the South China Sea (SCS) beneath the Manila Trench. The dataset, taken from the International Seismological Centre (1960–2008), is composed of 13,087 P-wave arrival times from 1401 regional earthquakes and 8834 from 1350 teleseismic events. The results image the different morphology of the subducted SCS slab as a high-velocity zone. The subducting angle of the slab varies along the trench: at 16° N and 16.5° N, the slab dips at a low angle (24° ~ 32°) for 20–250 km depth and at a moderate angle (50°) for ~250–400 km depth. At 17° N, the slab dips at a low angle (32°) to near 400 km depth, and at 17.5° N and 18° N the slabs are near vertical from 70 ~ 700 km depth, while at 20° N the high-velocity anomalies exhibit features from horizontal abruptly to near vertical, extending to 500 km depth. The dramatic steepening of the slab between 17° N and 17.5° N may indicate a slab tear, which is coincident with the axis of a fossil ridge within the SCS slab at around 17° N. In addition, low-velocity zones in the three profiles above 300 km depth may represent the formation of the slab window, induced by ridge subduction and slab tear, initiating upward mantle flow and resulting in the partial melting of the edge of the slab. The slab tear could explain the volcanic gap and geochemical difference between the extinct Miocene and Quaternary volcanoes in the Luzon Arc, the much higher heat flow around the fossil ridge, and the distribution of most of the adakites and the related porphyry Cu-Au deposits in the Luzon area. Based on the geometry and morphology of the subducted slab and certain assumptions, we calculate the initial time of ridge subduction, which implies that ridge subduction and slab tear possibly started at ~8 Ma. 相似文献
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对四道河地区超高压变质岩剖面的研究分析显示,该剖面有3种岩石类型:榴辉岩类、片麻岩和面理化含榴花岗岩。榴辉岩具不同程度的退变质现象,呈透镜体状产出于斜长角闪岩、片麻岩和面理化含榴花岗岩中,原生矿物组合为石榴石、绿辉石、柯石英和金红石。榴辉岩退变为斜长角闪岩近于等化学系列;片麻岩在主量成分上与榴辉岩及其退变产物(斜长角闪岩)存在突变关系,但微量元素与榴辉岩有一定的相似性;面理化含榴花岗岩主量元素和微量元素地球化学特点为:富SiO2 、K2 O Na2 O和高价阳离子Ga、Y以及REE ,K2 O/Na2 O值低,贫Al、Ca、Mg、Ti、P ,结合构造环境、同位素及年代学资料分析,其应属于后碰撞造山A型花岗岩。基于以上认识推断:大陆板片俯冲至上地幔经历了超高压变质作用,表壳岩变质形成榴辉岩;当超高压变质岩石折返至中下地壳时发生了强烈的减压退变质作用形成斜长角闪岩,随后,与片麻岩及面理化含榴花岗岩一道从中下地壳向地表进一步折返,并一同经历了后期的变质变形作用。 相似文献
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XU Jiren ZHAO Zhixin Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Science Beijing China Kono Yoshiteru Faculty of Science Kanazawa University Kanazawa - Japan 《Continental Dynamics》2000,(1)
1. IntroductionThe Nankai Trough region (Fig. 1.1) of southwest Japan is one of the most tectonically complex subduction zones in the world. The subduction of the Philippine Sea plate (PH) beneath the Eurasian plate (EU) has caused a series of large and great interplate earthquakes. It is generally accepted that great earthquakes have occurred at intervals of 100-150 years along the Nankai subduction zone since the 684 Hakuho earthquake (Fig. 1.2). However, a large earthquake (M>7.5) has… 相似文献
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