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1.
Kuh-I-Mond field in the Zagros foreland basin is a conventional heavy oil resource and is composed of fractured carbonates whose fractures were filled by calcite, dolomite, and anhydrite cements. Oil inclusions occurred within the fracture-fill cements indicate that fractures were open and played an active role during oil migration and charge. The highest measured values for secondary porosities belong to fractures in Asmari Formation, which is characterized by significant amounts of vug- and fracture-filling cements. Fractures facilitated fluid circulation and subsequently dissolution of allochems and high Mg carbonates. In contrast, fine-grained carbonate facies were less cemented, and thus, porosity enhancement by cement dissolution was insignificant. Temperature profiles of oil inclusions in the dolomite, calcite, and anhydrite minerals characterized by distinct variations in the homogenization temperatures (Th) that are divided into two ranges below 50°C in anhydrites and from 45°C to 125°C in dolomites and calcites. The lower Th ranges for anhydrite suggests that it may have formed at shallower burial depths during early to middle diagenesis. The oil inclusions display trend for increasing temperature downward which conform to Formation geothermal gradient. In other word, the decreasing trend of Th temperatures upward within Asmari Formation that can be observed in Th versus depth plot is consistent with the uplift events at Late Miocene time and later that caused removal of about 1,300 m of the crest of the Kuh-I-Mond anticline. Vitrinite reflectance data from source rock intervals in the field area do not support vertical migration of locally generated hydrocarbons into the Kuh-I-Mond accumulation, and long-distance lateral oil migration and charge from a source kitchen to the southwest is proposed. Vitrinite reflectance data from this dolomite and limestone reservoir suggest low maturation levels corresponding to paleotemperatures less than 50°C. The observed maturation level (<0.5% Ro) does not exceed values for simple burial maturation based on the estimated burial history. Also, homogenization temperatures from fluid inclusion populations in calcite and dolomites show expected good correlation with reflectance-derived temperatures. The Th data represent pore fluids became warmer and more saline during burial. As aqueous fluid inclusions in calcite veins were homogenized between 22°C and 90°C with a decrease in salinity from 22 to 18 eq.?wt.% NaCl. The Th values suggest a change in water composition and that dolomite and calcite cements might have precipitated from petroleum-derived fluids. The hydrocarbon fluid inclusions microthermometry data suggest that the reservoir was being filled by heavy black oils in reservoir during Cenozoic. Aqueous fluid inclusions hosted by calcite equant sparry/fossil cavity fills suggest low cementation temperatures (<45°C) and high salinities (19 eq.?wt.% NaCl), while those in dolostones are characterized by highly variable homogenization temperature (52°C to 125°C) and salinities (6.5 to 20 eq.?wt.% NaCl).  相似文献   

2.
克拉2气田是中国陆上勘探已知最大的天然气气田,下白垩系巴什基奇克组砂岩是其主力储层.为了揭示本区储层成岩作用和油气充注之间的成因联系,综合应用偏光显微镜、阴极发光显微镜、扫描电镜、CT扫描三维重构、X-射线衍射、荧光光谱、显微测温和激光拉曼等技术手段研究了克拉2气田储层的成岩作用和油气充注期次及特征,并且探讨了油气充注对成岩作用的影响.研究结果显示:本区的成岩矿物组合为石英次生加大边、方解石、白云石,铁白云石,微晶石英和自生高岭石.发育3期油气充注:第1期为低温高盐度的低成熟油气流体,以记录在石英愈合裂隙、长石解理和方解石胶结物中的黄褐色荧光包裹体为代表,充注时间为18 Ma;第2期为高温高盐度的高成熟油气流体,以记录在石英愈合裂隙和白云石胶结物中的黄白-蓝白色荧光包裹体为代表,充注时间为6 Ma;第3期为高温低盐度的天然气充注,以记录在石英愈合裂隙和铁白云石胶结物中的无荧光气烃包裹体为代表,充注时间4 Ma.本区储层中自生高岭石、微晶石英和储层沥青是晚期天然气充注对储层改造的结果.   相似文献   

3.
《Sedimentary Geology》1999,123(1-2):129-146
The succession of sandstone cements in chert and volcanic lithic arenites and wackes from the northern Bowser Basin of British Columbia comprises a record of diagenesis in shallow marine, deltaic, and coastal plain siliciclastic sediments that pass through the oil window and reach temperatures near the onset of metamorphism. The succession of cements is consistent with seawater in the sandstones mixing with acid waters derived from dewatering of interbedded organic rich muds. Sandstone cement paragenesis includes seven discrete cement stages. From earliest to latest the cement stages are: (1) pore-lining chlorite; (2) pore-lining to pore-filling illite; (3) pore-filling kaolinite; (4) oil migration through some of the remaining connected pores; (5) chlorite dissolution; (6) quartz cement; and (7) calcite cement. These seven cement stages are interpreted as a record of the evolution of pore waters circulating through the sandstones after burial. The earliest cement stages, as well as the depositional environments, are compatible with seawater as the initial pore fluid. Seawater composition changed during transport through the sandstones, first by loss of Mg2+ and Fe2+ during chlorite precipitation (stage 1). Dewatering of interbedded organic-rich mudstones probably added Mg2+ and Fe2+ to partially buffer the loss of these cations to chlorite. Acids produced during breakdown of organic matter are presumed to have mixed into sandstone pore fluids due to further compaction of the muds, leading to reduction of initial alkalinity. Reduction in alkalinity, in turn, favours change from chlorite to illite precipitation (stage 2), and finally to kaolinite (stage 3). Pore waters likely reached their peak acidity at the time of oil migration (stage 4). Chlorite dissolution (stage 5) and quartz precipitation (stage 6) occurred when pores were filled by these hydrocarbon-bearing and presumably acidic fluids. Fluid inclusions in fracture-filling quartz cements contain petroleum, high-pressure methane, and methane-rich aqueous solutions. Homogenization temperatures from primary two-phase inclusions are consistent with quartz cementation during progressive heating between approximately 100 and 200°C. Following quartz precipitation, alkaline pore waters were re-established, as evidenced by late-stage calcite cement (stage 7).  相似文献   

4.
This diagenetic study (including fieldwork, petrographic, fluid inclusion, and stable isotope investigations) deals with the outcrop of Upper Permian–Lower Triassic carbonate rocks, which are equivalent to the Khuff Formation. The studied succession, which outcrops in the Ras Al Khaimah region, northern United Arab Emirates, comprises three formations, including the Bih, the Hagil, and the Ghail formations. The study focuses on unraveling the conditions and fluid compositions encountered during diagenesis of the succession. Emphasize is also made on linking diagenesis to major stratigraphic surfaces and to highlight reservoir property evolution and heterogeneity of the studied rocks. The evolution of fluids and related diagenetic products can be summarized as follows: (1) formation of near-surface to shallow burial, fine-crystalline dolomite (dolomite matrix) through pervasive dolomitization of carbonate sediments by modified marine pore waters; (2) formation of coarse-crystalline dolomite cement by highly evolved marine pore waters (13–23 wt.% NaCl eq.) at elevated temperatures (120–208°C), and (3) calcite cementation by highly saline fluid (20–23 wt.% NaCl eq.) at high temperature (170–212°C). A final calcite cement generation has been formed by the percolation of meteoric fluids during uplift. Fracture- and vug-filling diagenetic minerals are mainly restricted to the mid-Bih breccia marker level, suggesting preferential focused fluid flow through specific stratigraphic surfaces as well as along tectonic-related structures. Reservoir properties have been evolved as result of the interplay of the original sedimentary texture and the diagenetic evolution. Porosity is higher in the Bih Formation, which is dominated by dolomitized packstones and grainstones, than in the Hagil and Ghail formations, consisting mainly of dolomitized mudstones and wackestones. Image analyses were used to quantify the visual porosity in thin sections. The highest porosity values were measured in the Bih Formation, which is characterized by significant amounts of vug- and fracture-filling cements. This feature is attributed to the increase of porosity owing to substantial dissolution of abundant intergranular and vug-filling cements. In contrast, the Hagil and Ghail formations, which consist of finer-grained rock than the Bih Formation, were less cemented, and thus, the porosity enhancement by cement dissolution was insignificant.  相似文献   

5.
朱芳冰  周红 《地球科学》2022,47(12):4724-4730
碳酸盐胶结物中氧碳同位素组成研究是分析成岩过程中流体-岩石相互作用的重要技术方法.综合运用岩石学、矿物学和地球化学方法，对辽河盆地西部凹陷沙河街组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的化学组成和碳酸盐胶结物及成岩流体同位素组成特征进行系统分析.研究表明，研究区碳酸盐岩主要为方解石和白云石，胶结物主要类型为嵌晶式胶结、孔隙式胶结、斑块状胶结和星点状胶结.碳、氧稳定同位素组成能有效地反映成岩-成矿流体及其他物质的来源，碳酸盐胶结物与现今浅层地下水氧同位素组成差异巨大而与变质水同位素组成具有相似性，反映了盆地演化过程中活动热流体对成岩作用的影响.包裹体的氢、氧同位素组成可表征成矿溶液的演化特征，砂岩碳酸盐胶结物包裹体更富集氢的轻同位素和氧的重同位素，表明发生了明显的“氧-18漂移”.碳酸盐胶结的成矿溶液表现出“受热雨水”的同位素组成特征，反映了深源活动热流体对成岩作用的影响.   相似文献   

6.
川中安岳构造寒武系龙王庙组油气成藏史   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
本文从岩芯和薄片观察入手,利用阴极发光分析、流体包裹体分析、激光拉曼分析、充填物的稳定同位素分析、磷灰石裂变径迹年代学分析等技术手段,确定了龙王庙组储层的胶结充填序列、油气成藏历史。龙王庙组储层中可以识别出7个期次的胶结充填序列:海底环境纤维状白云石胶结→浅埋藏环境粒状白云石胶结→表生成岩环境渗流粉砂白云石充填→再次浅埋藏-中埋藏环境白云石充填→深埋藏环境白云石充填→深埋藏环境方解石充填→抬升埋藏环境石英充填,通过所识别出的胶结充填物的流体包裹体特征以及和沥青之间的关系,认为龙王庙组存在至少5期油气成藏。第Ⅳ期白云石-第Ⅶ期石英中捕获的流体包裹体的相态也从液烃包裹体→气液两相烃类包裹体→气相烃类包裹体演化,反映了龙王庙组经历了古油藏形成、古油藏破坏、再次形成古油藏、油裂解为天然气、古气藏形成和喜马拉雅期构造隆升期气藏调整定型的过程;磷灰石裂变径迹分析表明,安岳构造喜马拉雅期的隆升幅度约1865~2030m,为龙王庙组气藏的调整和定型期,这一成藏事件被晚期充填的第Ⅶ期石英所记录。龙王庙组储层中第Ⅳ期白云石充填物的87Sr/86Sr、δ13C、δ18O同位素比值反映了该期白云石与围岩基质的重溶沉淀有关,且是在相对温度较高的埋藏条件下沉淀的。晚期孔洞缝中充填石英的87Sr/86Sr、δ30Si、δ18O同位素表明其主要源于含硅质的成岩流体,与深部幔源热液流体活动无关,龙王庙组油气成藏过程中未见外来破坏性流体的参与。  相似文献   

7.
This paper reports an integrated, spatio-temporal analysis of the fracture-controlled paleo-fluid system in the Pico del Aguila anticline, a N–S trending fold located in the Sierras Exteriores, the southern front of the Spanish Pyrenees. Eight fracture sets (joints or faults) are recognized throughout the fold and are separated into a fracture sequence that is defined using field relationships and the remarkable temporal constraints offered by the syn-tectonic sedimentary deposits. This fracture sequence records a complex Paleocene to Early Oligocene structural evolution, including map-view, clockwise rotation and tilting of the fold axis. The geochemical analysis of calcite cements from the different mineralized fracture/vein sets reveals a compartmentalized fluid system during most of fold development. This initial paleofluid system was later perturbed when bending-related fractures associated with foreland flexure and outer arc extension triggered small-scale, vertical fluid migration. Fractures developed in shallow strata facilitated downward migration of surficial fluids that controlled the paleo-fluid system in the Late Priabonian/Stampian continental deposits. The study of the Pico del Aguila anticline depicts for the first time the evolution of a fluid system in a shallow, syn-depositional compressional setting, and results further strengthen the statement that fluids migrate vertically across stratigraphic boundaries take place during fold hinge-related deformation.  相似文献   

8.
Previous studies [O'Kane, A., Onasch, C.M., Farver, J., 2007. The role of fluids in low-temperature, fault-related deformation of quartz arenite. Journal of Structural Geology 29, 819--836; Cook, J., Dunne, W.M., Onasch, C.M., 2006. Development of a dilatant damage zone along a thrust relay in a low-porosity quartz arenite, Journal of Structural Geology 28, 776–792] found that quartz arenite within two fault zones in the Appalachian foreland thrust belt displays very different structural styles and histories despite deforming at similar pressures and temperatures during the Alleghanian orogeny. A comparison of the grain-scale deformation and fluid histories using transmitted and cathodoluminescence microscopy and fluid inclusion microthermometry, shows that fluid composition was a controlling factor for causing these differences. The Cove fault zone deformed in the presence of aqueous fluids, first a CaCl2 brine and then an iron-rich fluid. The precipitation of quartz cement from the brine kept pace with brittle deformation, maintaining overall rock cohesion in the fault zone. The introduction of iron-rich fluids caused a switch from precipitation to dissolution of quartz, along with precipitation of goethite. In a damage zone along a backthrust in the Cave Mountain anticline, early deformation occurred in the presence of an aqueous fluid from which quartz was precipitated. The latest deformation, however, occurred in the presence of a methane-rich fluid, which inhibited the precipitation of quartz cement producing porous breccias and open fractures despite deformation at 6 km depth. Fluid composition not only affected cementation in the fault zones, but also the selection of grain-scale deformation mechanisms. Therefore, it is a controlling factor in determining the behavior and strength of these fault zones.  相似文献   

9.
Hardground discontinuities within carbonate platforms form important stratigraphic surfaces which can be used at basin scale to correlate sequence boundaries. Although these surfaces are commonly used in sequence strati‐graphy, the timing and duration of hardground lithification and the crystallization of early cements remain unexplored. Here, early calcite cements were dated by U‐Pb geochronology for five Jurassic hardgrounds, interpreted as third‐order sequence boundaries, situated within a well‐constrained petrographic, sedimentological and stratigraphic framework. The consistency or the slight deviation between the age of the cements and the stratigraphic age of deposition of the formations illustrate that cementation occurred early in the diagenetic history. The ages obtained on dogtooth cements, replacing aragonite in gastropod shells and pendant cements in intergranular spaces, match those of the standard Jurassic biostratigraphic ammonite Zones, making calcite U‐Pb geochronology a promising method for dating third‐order sequence boundaries of depositional sequences and refining the Jurassic time scale in the future.  相似文献   

10.
鄂尔多斯盆地延长组次生矿物与裂缝形成时限分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文
鄂尔多斯盆地延长组发育大量构造裂缝,对于裂缝的形成机理、成因动力学以及与油气成藏关系都已得到了比较系统的研究,但对于裂缝中充填的次生矿物,以及次生矿物与裂缝形成时限之间的关系,尚鲜有研究。本文在次生矿物的矿化作用和成岩作用分析基础之上,应用碳氧同位素和流体包裹体分析方法,结合区域构造热事件以及盆地热演化史,对次生矿物与裂缝形成时限的约束关系进行研究。首先,通过次生矿物的镜下观察分析,获知充填次生矿物的裂缝为张性裂缝,且可判断裂缝扩展方向;根据成岩作用分析,裂缝在形成时间上早于或同期于次生矿物形成时间。其次,根据延长组储层砂岩和裂缝中碳酸盐胶结物的碳氧同位素分析,得知露头中大量被碳酸盐胶结物充填的E-W 和N-S 向裂缝,在形成时间上早于或与碳酸盐脉体同期形成。最后,结合流体包裹体和盆地埋藏热演化史分析,得知盆内地下大量的热液活动主要发生在140～100 Ma 之间（即早白垩世）,也是盆地大规模成岩作用时期。基于上述分析,充填碳酸盐胶结物的E-W 向和N-S 向裂缝组,在形成时间上,应早于或同期于充填次生矿物的形成时间,即在早白垩世或者早白垩世之前形成。  相似文献   

11.
Abstract Observations and microthermometric data on fluid inclusions from a terrane that underwent deformation following peak metamorphic conditions show that grain-boundary migration recrystallization favours the entrapment of carbonic inclusions whereas microfracturing during brittle deformation favours the infiltration and eventual entrapment of aqueous fluids. Our results imply that pure CO2 fluid inclusions in metamorphic rocks are likely to be the residue of deformation-recrystallization process rather than representing a primary metamorphic fluid.
Where the temperature of deformation can be deduced by other means, the densities of fluid inclusions trapped during recrystallization, which we call recrystallization-primary fluid inclusions, can be used to constrain the ambient pressure during deformation. Using these constraints, the data imply that the post-metamorphic Hercynian exhumation in Sardinia brought rocks at 300° C to within 3km of the surface. This conclusion is similar to that described for the rapidly uplifted Southern Alps in New Zealand.  相似文献   

12.
柳林地区石炭-二叠系煤层顶板流体包裹体包括盐水、液态烃、气液烃和气态烃4 种类型,主要分布于砂岩石英加大边、
石英微裂隙和灰岩粒屑重结晶方解石、裂隙溶孔充填方解石中。根据包裹体热力学特征,可将山西组流体类型划分为低温
低盐流体和高温高盐流体,太原组划分为低温混盐和高温高盐流体。太原组流体类型反映了海陆交互相沉积环境和后期地
表淡水沟通的叠加影响。根据包裹体的类型、荧光特征和热力学特征,结合盆地热演化史分析结果,表明第一期烃类注入
发生在中- 晚三叠世,烃类产量较少;第二期烃类注入发生在早白垩世,气态烃包裹体数量多,生烃强度大,是本区主要
的生烃阶段。  相似文献   

13.
孟献真 《地质与勘探》2012,48(3):580-591
[摘 要] 基于对甘肃省文县阳山金矿床的构造变形分析、石英组构分析及流体包裹体研究,探讨了阳山金矿床的形成过程和热液成矿机制,认为自三叠纪以来,该区先后经历了韧性、韧-脆性及两期脆性等多期构造变形演化过程,并伴随多次岩浆热液活动。流体包裹体显微测温结果显示本区的均一温度主要集中在265～290℃,215～240℃和165～190℃等三个区间,流体组份体系接近于NaCl-H2O-CO2体系,成矿流体密度估计在0.98～1.02g/cm3之间,成矿压力估计为89.6 MPa,流体包裹体盐度估计在0.7%～9.4% NaCl之间激光拉曼显示其主要成分为H2O和CO2,据不同类型包裹体共生组合及流体演化特征,认为不同流体的混合是导致大量金沉淀的主要原因。  相似文献   

14.
Fractures can provide valuable information for tectonic evolution. According to the data of outcrops, cores, thin sections and well logs, the tectonic fractures in the Qaidam Basin can be divided into four types: small faults (including small normal fault and small reverse fault), vertical open fracture, bedding plane slip fracture and horizontal open fracture. Our fracture observations provide new constraints on the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin. Syn-sedimentary small normal faults in the Paleogene strata indicate the extension deformation during the Paleogene. Small reverse faults, vertical open fractures and bedding plane slip fractures occurred in the Paleogene and Neogene strata have genetic relationship. According to the burial history and homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions of gypsum and calcite filled in the vertical open fractures, it can be deduced that the vertical open fractures being formed mainly from the late Miocene Shangyoushashan Formation with age of 5.1?Ma to the end of Pliocene Shizigou Formation with age of 2.6?Ma, indicating small reverse faults, vertical open fractures and bedding plane slip fractures were simultaneously formed in the Neogene. These fractures were resulted from the compression deformation. The horizontal open fractures occurred in the Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary strata with apertures and intensities decreasing with depth were formed by the large-scale quick uplift and denudation resulted from the strong compression deformation since the Quaternary.  相似文献   

15.
In order to identify and characterise fluids associated with metamorphic rocks from the Chaves region (North Portugal), fluid inclusions were studied in quartz veinlets, concordant with the main foliation, in graphitic-rich and nongraphitic-rich lithologies from areas with distinct metamorphic grade. The study indicates multiple fluid circulation events with a variety of compositions, broadly within the C–H–O–N–salt system. Primary fluid inclusions in quartz contain low salinity aqueous–carbonic, H2O–CH4–N2–NaCl fluids that were trapped near the peak of regional metamorphism, which occurred during or immediately after D2. The calculated P–T conditions for the western area of Chaves (CW) is P=300–350 MPa and T500 °C, and for the eastern area (CE), P=200–250 MPa and T=400–450 °C. A first generation of secondary fluid inclusions is restricted to discrete cracks at the grain boundaries of quartz and consists of low salinity aqueous–carbonic, H2O–CO2–CH4–N2–NaCl fluids. P–T conditions from the fluid inclusions indicate that they were trapped during a thermal event, probably related with the emplacement of the two-mica granites.

A second generation of secondary inclusions occurs in intergranular fractures and is characterised by two types of aqueous inclusions. One type is a low salinity, H2O–NaCl fluid and the second consists of a high salinity, H2O–NaCl–CaCl2 fluid. These fluid inclusions are not related to the metamorphic process and have been trapped after D3 at relatively low P (hydrostatic)–T conditions (P<100 MPa and T<300 °C).

Both the early H2O–CH4–N2–NaCl fluids in quartz from the graphitic-rich lithologies and the later H2O–CO2–CH4–N2–NaCl carbonic fluid in quartz from graphitic-rich and nongraphitic-rich lithologies seem to have a common origin and evolution. They have low salinity, probably resulting from connate waters that were diluted by the water released from mineral dehydration during metamorphism. Their main component is water, but the early H2O–CH4–N2–NaCl fluids are enriched in CH4 due to interaction with the C-rich host rocks.

From the early H2O–CH4–N2–NaCl to the later aqueous–carbonic H2O–CO2–CH4–N2–NaCl fluids, there is an enrichment in CO2 that is more significant for the fluids associated with nongraphitic-rich lithologies.

The aqueous–carbonic fluids, enriched in H2O and CH4, are primarily associated with graphitic-rich lithologies. However, the aqueous–carbonic CO2-rich fluids were found in both graphitic and nongraphitic-rich units from both the CW and CE studied areas, which are of medium and low metamorphic grade, respectively.  相似文献   


16.
南白碱滩断裂带结构特征及流体作用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
南白碱滩断裂带可分为滑动破碎带和诱导裂缝带两个结构单元。滑动破碎带具断裂角砾岩特征,厚度小,压实强,岩性致密,封闭性好;诱导裂缝带宽度大,裂缝发育,胶结充填作用强。断裂充填物主要为方解石,其次为方沸石,另外还发现硅质和沥青充填。充填物中流体包裹体发育,有盐水包裹体,也有有机包裹体,主要沿方解石解理面和微裂隙呈线状分布。盐水包裹体均一温度可分为3个区间,有机包裹体在荧光镜下也显示出棕色、亮黄色及蓝绿色3种颜色,表明南白碱滩断裂带至少经历了3期大规模的流体活动。成岩胶结作用对南白碱滩断裂带的封闭性起重要作用,受后期构造运动的影响,早期封闭性断裂会重新开启,流体将再次活动,形成新的胶结物,故该断裂的封闭是多期流体活动发生成岩胶结作用的结果。   相似文献   

17.
Calcite veins and related sulphate–sulphide mineralisation are common in the Buda Hills. Also, abundant hypogenic caves are found along fractures filled with these minerals pointing to the fact that young cave-forming fluids migrated along the same fractures as the older mineralising fluids did. The studied vein-filling paragenesis consists of calcite, barite, fluorite and sulphides. The strike of fractures is consistent—NNW–SSE—concluding a latest Early Miocene maximum age for the formation of fracture-filling minerals. Calcite crystals contain coeval primary, hydrocarbon-bearing- and aqueous inclusions indicating that also hydrocarbons have migrated together with the mineralising fluids. Hydrocarbon inclusions are described here for the first time from the Buda Hills. Mixed inclusions, i.e., petroleum with ‘water-tail’, were also detected, indicating that transcrystalline water migration took place. The coexistence of aqueous and petroleum inclusions permitted to establish the entrapment temperature (80°C) and pressure (85 bar) of the fluid and thus also the thickness of sediments, having been eroded since latest Early Miocene times, was calculated (800 m). Low salinity of the fluids (<1.7 NaCl eq. wt%) implies that hydrocarbon-bearing fluids were diluted by regional karst water. FT-IR investigations revealed that CO2 and CH4 are associated with hydrocarbons. Groundwater also contains small amounts of HC and related gases on the basin side even today. Based on the location of the paleo- and recent hydrocarbon indications, identical migration pathways were reconstructed for both systems. Hydrocarbon-bearing fluids are supposed to have migrated north-westward from the basin east to the Buda Hills from the Miocene on.  相似文献   

18.
Upper Visean limestones in the Campine Basin of northern Belgium are intensively fractured. The largest and most common fractures are cemented by non-ferroan, dull brown-orange luminescent blocky calcite. First melting temperatures of fluid inclusions in these calcites are around -57°C, suggesting that precipitation of the cements occurred from NaCl-CaCl2-MgCl2 fluids. The final melting temperatures (Tmice) are between -5 and -33°C. The broad range in the Tmice data can be explained by the mixing of high salinity fluids with meteoric waters, but other hypotheses may also be valid. Homogenization temperatures from blocky calcite cements in the shelf limestones are interpreted to have formed between 45 and 75°C. In carbonates which were deposited close to and at the shelf margin, precipitation temperatures were possibly in the range 70-85°C and 72-93°C, respectively. On the shelf, the calcites have a δ18O around -9.3‰ PDB and they are interpreted to have grown in a fluid with a δ18O between −3.5 and +1.0‰ SMOW. At the shelf margin, blocky calcites (δ18O∼ - 13.5‰ PDB) could have precipitated from a fluid with a δ18O betweenn -4.0 and -1.1‰ SMOW. The highest oxygen isotopic compositions are comparable to those of Late Carboniferous marine fluids (δ18O= - 1‰ SMOW). The lowest values are more positive than a previously reported composition for Carboniferous meteoric waters (δ18O= -7‰ SMOW). Precipitation is likely to have occurred in marine-derived fluids, which mixed with meteoric waters sourced from near the Brabant Massif. Fluids with a similar negative oxygen isotopic composition and high salinity are actually present in Palaeozoic formations. The higher temperature range in the limestones near the shelf margin is explained by the upward migration of fluids from the ‘basinal’ area along fractures and faults into the shelf.  相似文献   

19.
目前含油气砂岩中粒间孔隙是原生孔隙还是次生孔隙的认识仍不一致,而对星点状方解石胶结与溶解的识别能够有效地查明粒间孔隙的类型。文章通过铸体薄片细致地观察雅布赖盆地新河组砂岩中的微观现象,以成岩环境演化和成岩序列分析为主线,重视方解石胶结物的赋存状态与物质来源和溶蚀流体来源的配置关系,精细解剖微观现象,从而弄清楚星点状方解石的成因,进而查明砂岩的粒间孔隙类型和储集空间类型。结果表明,粒间孔隙中的星点状方解石是成岩早期浸染状方解石胶结物的溶蚀残余,溶蚀流体为成岩中期的有机酸流体,溶蚀类型为一致性溶解,形成的粒间孔隙为次生孔隙。鉴于此,雅布赖盆地新河组砂岩的储集空间由次生粒间孔隙和次生粒内孔隙（长石、岩屑、方解石胶结物的溶蚀孔隙）组成。   相似文献   

20.
塔中Ⅰ号断裂坡折带上奥陶统良里塔格组碳酸盐岩储集空间类型主要有孔、洞、缝三大类,微观储集空间主要有粒内溶孔、铸模孔、粒间溶孔、晶间溶孔和微裂缝。通过对台地边缘16口井的良里塔格组灰岩进行岩石薄片鉴定、胶结物地球化学分析以及成岩演化序列研究,指出微观孔隙主要形成于埋藏成岩环境中,并列出4项具有指示意义的证据,包括：方解石胶结物中高温包裹体普遍存在;方解石胶结物稳定氧碳同位素丰度分异特征;灰岩中丰富与优质储层伴生的指示埋藏成岩作用的白云石;广泛分布的H2S气体。此外,分析了溶蚀性流体的主要组分和不同区域埋藏溶蚀作用强度的差异性。  相似文献   

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