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Temporal variations of fluoride concentration in Isparta public water system and health impact assessment (SW-Turkey) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Water–rock interaction is one of the prime factors affecting the fluoride contents of surface and groundwater. If fluoride
concentration of drinking water has been neglected, excess fluoride can cause serious dental and medical problems on human
health, which is well known at Golcuk-Isparta region. In the research area, Egirdir lake, Golcuk lake and surrounding springs
have been utilized as drinking water sources. Golcuk lake water and surrounding groundwaters have high fluoride content (1.4–4.6 mg/l),
which is above the WHO standards. Fluoride is predominantly supplied by dissolution of fluoride within the fluormicas of volcanics
during the circulation of water. Fluoride concentrations of waters have shown variations for dry and rainy seasons depending
on the degree of interaction between groundwater and volcanic rocks. It tends to decrease in rainy seasons and increase in
dry seasons for all years. In this study, temporal variations and spatial distribution of fluoride concentration in public
water system of Isparta were investigated to get benefit using GIS techniques from1990 to 2003 years. Extremely fluoride concentrations
were measured in the public water system in 1990 at almost every district of the city. In 2003, fluoride content of the public
water system decreased in some district of city due to drinking water has started obtaining from Egirdir lake in 1995. The
fluoride contents of Isparta drinking water ought to be modified with suitable mixture of lake waters and groundwater point
of view to health impact. 相似文献
3.
Mobilization of natural arsenic in groundwater: targeting low arsenic aquifers in high arsenic occurrence areas 
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下载免费PDF全文 研究表明饮用水中微小数量的砷会对人类健康产生不利影响.世界上居住在贫穷地区的人数超过了100万,目前他们正直接饮用来自含水层中砷离子含量(>10μg/L)非安全标准的地下水.砷有时称为毒中之王,在水环境中常常以五价氧化物形式出现.自2000年以来,许多国家开始执行更为严格的10μg/L(WHO认可的居民安全饮水标准)饮用水标准,可以确定地说,在世界范围内的饮用水中检测到砷的情况越来越多.亚洲地区砷中毒的人数比世界其他地区总和还多.最受影响的地区位于南亚和东南亚富砷带,环绕恒河一雅鲁藏布江-梅克纳河三角洲及恒河平原上游的冲洪积扇含水层、红河三角洲、湄公河和伊洛瓦底江;在中国境内包括内蒙黄河冲积盆地,山西大同盆地、新疆准噶尔盆地,其中的地下水富含砷和氟化物而引发砷中毒和氟中毒.尽管还未完全掌握其中的水文地质及生物地球化学作用的详细过程,但对大多数沉积介质含水层,在还原条件下砷离子容易从沉积介质转移到地下水中.孟加拉研究实例表明地质时期尺度的冲刷降低了沉积介质中的As和有机物含量从而形成低砷地下水.这一认识为孟加拉国的降砷策略提供了科学指导,是未来水文学,矿物学,地质学和生物地球化学方面很有意义的研究方向,并有利于地砷病区低砷地下水的可持续利用. 相似文献
4.
饮用水中氟浓度超标,是导致地方性氟中毒疾病的主要因素。通过水质资料综合分析,结合农村安全饮水工程的施工及水质专项调查,开展了地下水中氟分布规律的研究,掌握了氟在地下水空间的分布规律。浅层地下水中氟离子浓度超标范围主要集中在东南部及南部地区,氟离子浓度与含水层深度呈反相关系,随时间变化幅度较大。深层地下水中氟离子浓度超标区主要集中在中部,当含水层埋深在300m以内时,氟离子浓度与含水层深度呈正相关系,随时间变化幅度较小。浅层地下水中氟的富集与气候条件、含水层岩性、地下水径流速度密切相关,深层地下水氟超标是由地质原因造成的。研究成果为水井施工设计提供了技术支持,为研究治理地下水中氟浓度超标的措施提供依据。 相似文献
5.
Plausible forms of fluoride (F) responsible for the persistence of fluoride toxicity in ground water of a granitic terrain
of semi-arid region, which is the main source of drinking water, have been studied. The study area in Anantapur District of
Andhra Pradesh, India, is one of the chronic regions with excess fluoride in groundwater and the region is under transformation
into aridity due to poor rainfall and over-exploitation of groundwater. Geochemical analysis of soil, groundwater, and rock
samples of the study area revealed the presence of other toxic elements also in addition to fluoride which need to be addressed
in drinking water sector in near future. Soil fluoride leaching experiments demonstrated the probable mode of mobilization
of F into the groundwater through natural recharge process during monsoon. Analysis of saturation indices indicates that the
fluorite solubility alone is not attributable to the high fluoride content in groundwater. The groundwater flow controls fluoride
mobilization in the study area as it is evidenced through fluoride concentration and electrical conductivity increase from
catchment to downstream region. Creation of lesser fluoride groundwater sources through rainwater harvesting and artificial
recharge of groundwater in catchment areas is suggested as a long-term sustainable safe drinking water strategy. 相似文献
6.
《China Geology》2021,4(3):487-497
This study aims to investigate the mechanisms and health risks of fluoride enrichment in groundwater in the Loess Plateau, China. By taking Dali County, Shaanxi Province, China as an example, this study obtains the following results through field investigation and the analyses of water, soil, and crop samples. (1) The groundwater can be divided into two major types, namely the Quaternary pore-fissure water and Karst water. The Karst area and sandy area have high-quality groundwater and serve as the target areas for optional water supply. The groundwater in the study area is slightly alkaline and highly saline. Meanwhile, high-fluoride groundwater is mainly distributed in the loess and river alluvial plains in the depression area of the Guanzhong Basin and the discharge areas of the groundwater, with the highest fluoride concentration exceeding seven times the national standard. (2) Fluoride in groundwater mainly originates from a natural source and human activities. The natural source refers to the fluoride-bearing minerals in rocks and soil, and the fluoride from this source is mainly controlled by natural factors such as climate, geologic setting, pH, specific hydrochemical environment, ion exchange, and mineral saturation. Human activities in modern life can be further divided into industrial and agricultural sources primarily. (3) The health risks of fluoride contamination are very high in the Loess Plateau, especially for children compared to adults. Meanwhile, the risks of fluoride exposure through food intake are higher than those through drinking water intake. The authors suggest selecting target areas to improve water supply and ensure the safety of drinking water in the study area. Besides, it is necessary to plant crops with low fluoride content or cash crops and to conduct groundwater treatment to reduce the fluoride concentration in drinking water. These results will provide a theoretical basis for safe water supply in the faulted basin areas in the Loess Plateau.© 2021 China Geology Editorial Office. 相似文献
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Enn Karro Ene Indermitte Astrid Saava Kadri Haamer Andres Marandi 《Environmental Geology》2006,50(3):389-396
A study was undertaken to examine the content and spatial distribution of fluoride in drinking water. Water samples (735) from public water systems covering all Estonian territory were analysed using SPADNS method. In order to specify the natural source of fluoride, the chemistry data from five aquifer systems utilised for water supply were included into the study. Fluoride concentrations in tap water, to a great extent, ranged from 0.01 to 6.95 mg/l. Drinking water in southern Estonia, where terrigenous Middle-Devonian aquifer system is exploited, has a fluoride concentration lower than recommended level (0.5 mg/l), thus promoting susceptibility to dental caries. The western part of the country is supplied by water with excess fluoride content (1.5–6.9 mg/l). Groundwater abstracted for drinking purposes originates from Ordovician and Silurian carbonate rocks. The content of fluoride in Silurian–Ordovician aquifer system is associated with the groundwater abstraction depth and the main controlling factors of dissolved fluoride are the pH value and the chemical type of water. 相似文献
8.
Reza Dehbandi Farid Moore Behnam Keshavarzi Ahmad Abbasnejad 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(4):177
Presence of fluoride in groundwater is a public health problem in the so-called endemic fluorosis belt of the central Iran, where the groundwater is the major source of drinking water in most urban and rural areas. Therefore, an attempt has been made to determine the hydrogeochemical factors controlling fluoride enrichment in the groundwater resources at this belt. Fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.20 to 1.99 mg/L (1.02 ± 0.47) in groundwater samples. The presence of different F-bearing minerals and also clay minerals in the soils and aquifer materials was confirmed using XRD analysis. To identify probable sources of dissolved F? and investigate groundwater quality, multivariate statistical analyses were carried out. Geochemical modeling indicated that all samples were undersaturated with respect to fluorite, halite, gypsum and anhydrite and mostly oversaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. Contrary to most high-fluoride regions in the World, the high F? content was dominated by Na–Cl- and Ca–SO4-type groundwater in the study area. Besides, fluoride showed negative relationship with pH and HCO3 ? in groundwater. In order to assess the bioavailability of fluoride in soils, a two-step chemical fractionation method was applied. The results showed that fluoride in soils mostly accompanied with the residual and water-soluble fractions and was poorly associated with soil’s bonding sites. Calculated aqueous migration coefficient demonstrated that fluoride in the studied soils was mobile to easily leachable to the groundwater. Finally, the results demonstrated that combination of water–rock interaction and influence of clay minerals is geochemical mechanism responsible for controlling fluoride enrichment in groundwater. 相似文献
9.
北京大兴区第四系高氟地下水分布规律研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
北京市大兴区供水以地下水为主,研究该区高氟地下水的分布规律及其成因,对指导区域地下水的开发利用和保障居民饮水安全是必要的。在野外调查和以往研究成果的基础上,测试了北京大兴区地下水氟离子浓度。结果表明,高氟水分布区地层岩性以粘性土为主;浅层高氟水主要分布在大兴区的南部及东南部,超标区面积为258.57 km2;深层高氟水主要分布在中部,超标区面积为20.91 km2。建议对浅层高氟地下水加大止水深度,统一并严格设计饮用水井结构;对深层氟超标水,避免饮用或采取降氟措施后再饮用。 相似文献
10.
在鲁西南地区,由于饮用高氟地下水而导致的地氟病,严重影响了当地群众的身心健康。地下水中氟元素的富集是一个非常复杂的水文地球化学过程。水化学测试结果表明,氟含量为0.05~6.7 mg/L,平均1.20 mg/L,高氟分布区主要集中在嘉祥黄河冲洪积平原与山前冲洪积平原交接部位和曹县、单县、菏泽黄河冲洪积平原河间洼地;地下水中氟含量与pH、矿化度之间的相关性不明显、与K++Na+和Ca2+相对含量分别呈正相关和负相关关系、与Ca2+含量相关性显著。本文从地质环境、水文地质环境、水文地球化学角度探讨了浅层高氟地下水的水文地球化学成因,研究了黄泛平原高氟地下水的形成机理,对于确定地氟病的成因及制定地氟病的防治措施,寻找适用饮用的低氟地下水,具有重要的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
11.
Review: Safe and sustainable groundwater supply in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Exploitation of groundwater has greatly increased since the 1970s to meet the increased water demand due to fast economic development in China. Correspondingly, the regional groundwater level has declined substantially in many areas of China. Water sources are scarce in northern and northwestern China, and the anthropogenic pollution of groundwater has worsened the situation. Groundwater containing high concentrations of geogenic arsenic, fluoride, iodine, and salinity is widely distributed across China, which has negatively affected safe supply of water for drinking and other purposes. In addition to anthropogenic contamination, the interactions between surface water and groundwater, including seawater intrusion, have caused deterioration of groundwater quality. The ecosystem and geo-environment have been severely affected by the depletion of groundwater resources. Land subsidence due to excessive groundwater withdrawal has been observed in more than 50 cities in China, with a maximum accumulated subsidence of 2–3 m. Groundwater-dependent ecosystems are being degraded due to changes in the water table or poor groundwater quality. This paper reviews these changes in China, which have occurred under the impact of rapid economic development. The effects of economic growth on groundwater systems should be monitored, understood and predicted to better protect and manage groundwater resources for the future. 相似文献
12.
阿坝州饮水中硒和氟元素与大骨节病关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过测定阿坝州四个大骨节病县饮用水中微量元素硒、氟的含量情况,探讨大骨节病与饮用水硒与氟元素的相关关系,为防治大骨节病提供科学依据。采集阿坝州病区与非病区水样,测定其中硒、氟元素含量,并运用SPSS17.0软件对测定结果进行分析统计。研究表明:阿坝州饮用水中硒、氟元素平均含量为0.47 ug/L～2.32ug/L,0.08 mg/L～0.38 mg/L,病区饮用水中硒、氟与非病区有明显差异(t分别是2.12,3.26,p<0.01),病区硒、氟元素与大骨节患病率之间有明显负相关关系。阿坝州大骨节饮用水中硒元素和氟均与大骨节病有密切关系,建议除进行必需的补硒措施防治大骨病以外,还应该辅助性的增加水氟含量已保证人体需要。 相似文献
13.
Ayman A. Ahmed 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(8):3069-3083
The occurrence of fluoride in ground water is the focus of the public and has attracted the attention of many scientists all over the world due to its importance in public health. Deficiency or increase of fluoride uptake is considered a public health problem due to the narrow permissible limit which should not exceed 1.5 mg/l according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The range of fluoride tolerance and toxicity is narrow. Deviation from the optimal levels therefore results in dental health effects such as caries and fluorosis. Many studies have found fluorosis to be invariably associated with high concentrations of fluoride in drinking water. Fluorosis is a considerable health problem in many areas of the world including Brazil, China, East Africa, Ghana, India, Kenya, Korea, Malawi, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, southeastern Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Taiwan, Tanzania, and Turkey. Fluoride in groundwater of Quaternary aquifer of the Nile Valley, Egypt, does not gain the attention of the authors in the Nile Valley which makes the public health status of fluoride is not certain. The present work aims at investigating the fluoride concentration of Quaternary groundwater aquifer at Luxor as a representative area of the Nile Valley to be a base line for subsequent studies and criteria for public health. Ground water samples were collected from Quaternary groundwater aquifer at Luxor area, Egypt and analyzed for the purpose of investigating fluoride content. The results showed that fluoride concentration in the study area ranges between 0.113 and 0.452 with an average of 0.242 mg/l. Sources of fluoride in the study area can result from the natural dissolution from fluoride-rich minerals, fertilizers and from groundwater recharge. It is worth mentioning that low fluoride content in the study area is considered a public health threat specially limited growth, fertility, and dental caries. Corrective measures should be taken to avoid the public health impacts of fluoride deficiency at Luxor area as well as similar areas in the Nile Valley. A public health program should be initiated to account for the deficiency of fluoride in groundwater and deal with the other supplementary fluoride sources in food or fluoridation of drinking water supplies. 相似文献
14.
高碘地下水是继高砷、高氟地下水之后的又一全球性饮水安全问题,但对地下水系统中碘的赋存形态及迁移富集机理研究尚显不足.为了解华北平原地下水系统中碘的空间分布特征及迁移富集规律,选取石家庄-衡水-沧州典型水文地质剖面,完成地下水样品采集,分析其水化学组成、总碘含量及碘形态组成特征,同时运用phreeqc完成水文地质剖面地球化学反向模拟及相关矿物饱和指数计算,定性定量表征水流场内所发生的水文地球化学过程,进而深入探讨上述过程对地下水系统碘迁移富集的影响.结果表明,区域内地下水中碘含量变化范围为3.35~1 106.00 μg/L,其中,41.86%样品碘含量超过《水源性高碘地区和地方性高碘甲状腺肿病区的规定（GB/T19380-2003）》所界定的150 μg/L国家标准;空间上,高碘地下水主要分布于渤海湾区;地下水中碘的主要赋存形态为碘离子及碘酸根离子,其分布受氧化还原环境控制,碘酸根离子主要出现于氧化环境中;沿地下水流向,地下水环境朝利于液相碘迁移富集的方向演变;渤海湾区,海水入侵影响下形成的偏碱性、（弱）还原环境,利于碘从沉积物中迁移释放至地下水中;碘在不同铁矿物相上的搭载能力及氧化还原环境演化导致的铁矿物相转化,是造成华北平原地下水系统中碘迁移富集的主要水文地球化学过程. 相似文献
15.
采用溴示踪法研究华北平原山前冲积平原和中部平原有灌溉和无灌溉区域的地下水补给,得到研究区平均地下水补给量为126.10 mm,平均补给系数为0.185 2,有灌溉实验点的补给量和补给系数大于无灌溉实验点。同时对示踪剂运移深度和含水量分布、降雨灌溉量和地下水埋深等影响因素进行分析。将各实验点计算结果与国内有关学者采用示踪剂法所得到的补给系数进行对比分析,论证了研究结果的可靠性,此研究成果可为华北平原地下水资源分析提供重要参考。 相似文献
16.
Exposure to arsenic and fluoride through contaminated drinking water can cause serious health effects. In this study, the sources and occurrence of arsenic and fluoride contaminants in groundwater are analyzed in Dawukou area, northwest China, where inhabitants rely on groundwater as the source of drinking water. The triangular fuzzy numbers approach is adopted to assess health risk. The fuzzy risk assessment model incorporates the uncertainties that are caused by data gaps and variability in the degree of exposure to contaminants. The results showed that arsenic and fluoride in groundwater were mainly controlled by the dissolution–precipitation of Ca-arsenate and fluorite under weakly alkaline conditions. The arsenic and fluoride concentrations were higher in the shallow groundwater. The most probable risk values for arsenic and fluoride were 4.57 × 10?4 and 0.4 in the shallow groundwater, and 1.58 × 10?4 and 0.3 in the deep groundwater. Although the risks of fluoride were almost within the acceptable limit (<1.0), the risk values of arsenic were all beyond the acceptable levels of 10?6 for drinking water. Further, the local administration should pay more attention to the potential health risk through dietary intake and to the safety of deep water by ensuring it is not contaminated under prolonged pumping conditions. The fuzzy risk model treats the uncertainties associated with a quantitative approach and provides valuable information for decision makers when uncertainties are explicitly acknowledged, particularly for the variability in contaminants. This study can provide a new insight for solving data uncertainties in risk management. 相似文献
17.
天然成因的高氟地下水是世界范围内备受关注的环境问题和饮用水安全问题。前人对高氟地下水的形成过程已开展了大量研究,但是对于高原盆地复杂水文地质条件下不同类型含水层组(第四系松散层含水层、基岩裂隙或岩溶含水层以及新生代古近纪以来的碎屑岩含水层)高氟地下水的分布和形成过程尚不明确。本文以化隆—循化盆地为研究区,通过采集、测试研究区内的各类地下水样品,分析研究区内不同类型含水层中地下水的化学特征及同位素特征。结果表明,高氟地下水(1.007.73 mg/L)主要分布在沿黄河的河谷区域和巴燕低山丘陵区域的泉水和潜水中以及深部的承压水中,在垂向上高氟地下水无明显分布规律。接受黄河水入渗补给的河谷潜水中氟离子浓度较低,补给黄河的河谷潜水中氟离子浓度较高。贫钙富钠的弱碱性苏打型水有利于地下水中氟的富集。泉水和潜水中氟主要来源于萤石的溶解,而承压水中氟除了来源于萤石外,还来源于其他含氟矿物。对于潜水和第四系松散层泉水,蒸发浓缩作用促进了地下水中氟的富集。另外,阴离子竞争吸附作用、阳离子交换吸附作用是泉水(第四系松散层泉水和基岩裂隙泉水)和潜水中氟元素富集的主要原因,而承压水中氟离子浓度受竞争吸附作用影响较大,阳离子交换吸附作用影响较小。研究成果可为化隆—循化盆地低氟地下水的勘查和开发提供科学依据。 相似文献
18.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(3)
More than 2.5 billion people on the globe rely on groundwater for drinking and providing high-quality drinking water has become one of the major challenges of human society.Although groundwater is considered as safe,high concentrations of heavy metals like arsenic(As) can pose potential human health concerns and hazards.In this paper, we present an overview of the current scenario of arsenic contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe with an emphasis on the Indian Peninsula.With several newly affected regions reported during the last decade, a significant increase has been observed in the global scenario of arsenic contamination.It is estimated that nearly 108 countries are affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater(with concentration beyond maximum permissible limit of 10 ppb recommended by the World Health Organization.The highest among these are from Asia(32) and Europe(31), followed by regions like Africa(20), North America(11), South America(9) and Australia(4).More than 230 million people worldwide, which include 180 million from Asia, are at risk of arsenic poisoning.Southeast Asian countries, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan,China, Nepal, Vietnam, Burma, Thailand and Cambodia, are the most affected.In India, 20 states and 4 Union Territories have so far been affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater.An attempt to evaluate the correlation between arsenic poisoning and aquifer type shows that the groundwater extracted from unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers, particularly those which are located within the younger orogenic belts of the world, are the worst affected.More than 90% of arsenic pollution is inferred to be geogenic.We infer that alluvial sediments are the major source for arsenic contamination in groundwater and we postulate a strong relation with plate tectonic processes, mountain building, erosion and sedimentation.Prolonged consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater results in severe health issues like skin, lung, kidney and bladder cancer; coronary heart disease;bronchiectasis; hyperkeratosis and arsenicosis.Since the major source of arsenic in groundwater is of geogenic origin, the extend of pollution is complexly linked with aquifer geometry and aquifer properties of a region.Therefore, remedial measures are to be designed based on the source mineral, climatological and hydrogeological scenario of the affected region.The corrective measures available include removing arsenic from groundwater using filters, exploring deeper or alternative aquifers, treatment of the aquifer itself, dilution method by artificial recharge to groundwater, conjunctive use, and installation of nano-filter, among other procedures.The vast majority of people affected by arsenic contamination in the Asian countries are the poor who live in rural areas and are not aware of the arsenic poisoning and treatment protocols.Therefore, creating awareness and providing proper medical care to these people remain as a great challenge.Very few policy actions have been taken at international level over the past decade to reduce arsenic contamination in drinking water, with the goal of preventing toxic impacts on human health.We recommend that that United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP) and WHO should take stock of the global arsenic poisoning situation and launch a global drive to create awareness among people/medical professionals/health workers/administrators on this global concern. 相似文献
19.
Groundwater is one of the most important natural resources of drinking water on the earth planet. In rural areas of Yemen, groundwater is the main resource for drinking as well as for domestic purposes. According to the World Health Organization, one of the most important elements that has to be found in drinking water is fluorine (fluoride) but within the range of concentration of 0.5 up to 1.5 mg/l. Otherwise, any concentration of fluoride out of that range may cause serious diseases in human’s body such as fluorosis, kidney chronic disease, and/or nephrotoxicity. Taiz City, the third important and largest city in Yemen, has been suffering from dental fluorosis for a few decades. The main resource for drinking water in this city and adjacent areas is Al-Howban Basin (the study area) from where 33 groundwater samples were collected from 33 stations. These samples were preserved and then chemically analyzed according to the American Public Health Association Standards. The results reflected high levels of fluoride concentrations up to 3.6 mg/l in groundwater of many stations. GIS mapping was used to produce a geospatial distribution map of fluoride concentrations using ArcGIS-inverse distance weighted (IDW) tool. As a result, three zones of risks were identified in the study area: mild risk zone which covers the major part of the study area, moderate risk zone, and zone of no risk (optimum level zone). The last two zones occupy small portions of the study area. Consequently, dental and skeletal fluorosis, kidney, and/or nephrotoxic diseases are highly expected to be detected in the study area. Groundwater treatment measurements and health precautions are strongly recommended to be taken by local authorities in the near future. 相似文献
20.
高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境及氟的赋存形式与地氟病患病率的关系──以华北平原为例 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
在华北平原，地方性氟中毒疾病（简称地氟病）主要由于饮水中含氟量高（超过１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ）而引起，属饮水型病区。本文分析了地氟病致病的主要环境因素，讨论了形成高氟地下水的水文地球化学环境，并以河北邢台地区山前平原浅层地下水系统为例，应用地下水地球化学模拟的理论和方法，对研究区浅层地下水系统氟的水文地球化学进行定量研究，从统计学的角度研究了浅层高氟地下水中氟的组分存在形式与地氟病患病率的相关关系。 相似文献