共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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以远安县瓦坡崩塌区为例,通过地质调查、野外测绘、无人机航拍,建立了瓦坡崩塌区三维模型,基于Rockfall Analyst（RA）分析软件,实现了瓦坡崩塌区大量崩塌落石三维空间下运动路径、高度、能量等要素模拟,探究了崩塌区落石的三维运动特征,开展了崩塌区落石危险性评估,为崩塌落石的防治提供科学参考。研究结果表明:崩塌区危岩主要破坏形式为倾倒式,目前处于欠稳定状态;模拟落石三维运动轨迹与已有落石点基本重合,说明此次模拟结果与实际情况较为吻合;落石运动过程中以碰撞弹跳、自由飞落为主,落石主要集中在崩塌区下部冲沟及公路内,部分落石达到居民区,在崩塌落石区下部公路、冲沟及崩塌区右侧危险性较高;崩塌落石防治工程建议采用危石孤石清除+被动防护网,在公路内侧、斜坡下方分别设置5 m高和3 m高抗冲击力2 000 kJ的被动防护网,可有效拦截落石。 相似文献
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蔡培王刘文王彤标胡应全陈金宏 《地质灾害与环境保护》2023,(3):23-27
崩塌落石具有突发性、随机性、隐蔽性及致灾严重性等特征。为对其进行有效防治,以某煤矿内崩塌落石为研究对象,采用RocFall软件对已崩落石的运动轨迹进行了模拟,反演拟合了下垫面参数,在此基础对拟崩落石区域进行数值模拟和理论计算得出其运动特征,为崩塌落石防治措施选择提供了合理依据。 相似文献
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贵州省大方县小屯乡法启村一组崩塌地质灾害为一高位崩塌地质灾害隐患,崩塌方式以零星崩落为主,威胁下部83户510名居民及法启火车站安全。本文以贵州省大方县小屯乡法启村一组崩塌地质灾害隐患为例,根据勘查及调查测绘,模拟剖面的选取,坡面的参数确定,运用Rockfall软件数值模拟,模拟出崩塌落石运动过程中的特征参数,掌握了崩塌落石的运动特征,为该地质灾害防治提供了重要的参数依据。研究结果表明,Rockfall数值模拟在零星高位崩塌地质灾害勘查中可分析出崩塌落石的主要堆积停留区、最远崩落距离和各点位的落石动能、最大弹跳高度等详细数据,避免了公式计算的单一性,体现了模拟的随机性,与崩塌地质灾害的实际运动特征更接近,可更有效的指导崩地质灾害的防治,具有重要实践意义。 相似文献
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陈跃 《地质灾害与环境保护》2015,(2):105-108,112
对玉龙铜矿运矿道路区的地形地貌、岩性和地质构造进行调查,获取危岩体的岩体物理力学指标,分析道路两侧的潜在崩塌落石灾害。在对运矿道路两侧边坡地质灾害进行调查的基础上,分析该区的工程地质条件、边坡特征、崩塌落石特点及形成机制。用Rockfall数值软件对落石进行数值模拟,确定落石的运动轨迹、弹跳高度和总动能指标,对防治运矿道路崩塌灾害提供依据。 相似文献
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朝阳市位于辽宁西部低山丘陵区,近年来,崩塌落石地质灾害频繁发生,瓦房子镇团山子为典型的软硬岩接触导致的陡崖崩塌落石地质灾害。朝阳地区常用的崩塌地质灾害防护结构多为圬工结构,圬工结构存在材料用量大搬运困难、施工强度大、施工进度缓慢、原始生态环境破坏大、不美观等缺点。综合考虑瓦房子镇团山子崩塌的地质环境条件,分析崩塌地质灾害特征,通过多种治理方案比选,确定采用SNS被动防护系统治理。该系统克服了圬工结构的缺点,能够有效地拦截落石,在受力上具有以柔克刚的优点。通过对瓦房子崩塌落石运动轨迹计算,给出了一整套计算边坡落石运动轨迹的公式,为类似崩塌地质灾害治理方案选择及落石运动轨迹计算提供了参考。 相似文献
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西南山区水电站两侧陡峻边坡发育有大量危岩体，危岩体滚动滑落、崩塌掉块等现象给电站的大坝、主要建筑物、厂房、道路、支护边坡等的正常运营带来了很大影响。现阶段针对危岩崩塌灾害的预测和防护多是忽略危岩体空间几何形状的二维Rockfall方法和人为截取优势剖面，但实际落石为三维运动，其威胁区域为一个地理上的三维空间。鉴于此，以西南某水电站危岩体隐患排查结果为基础，采用现场调查，机载LiDAR遥感测量技术和无人机倾斜摄影技术，获取研究区高精度的激光雷达点云数据，构建精细危岩体模型和真实三维实景模型，进行历史崩塌落石分布特征、岩体结构产状及崩塌源区危岩体特征和危岩体失稳模式的分析，结合Unity3D三维落石分析方法进行危岩崩落后的运动特征模拟，实现危岩崩落的运动路径及在不同位置上的弹跳高度、冲击能量和滚落区域等参数的获取。结果表明：水电站右岸危岩区块一典型危岩体的弹跳高度最大可达7.92 m，影响范围约145 m，多滚落至大坝，已设置多级被动防护网，不会对电厂内重要设施构成威胁，右岸危岩区块二发育的危岩体崩落后,落石影响范围约为120 m，部分落石会沿着公路护坡滚动到道路上，可能威胁交通要道；左岸... 相似文献
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针对重庆市南川区甑子岩危岩体面临的崩塌地质灾害问题,分析不同高度、不同规模的危岩体对东侧居民区的落石风险及危害性。以甑子岩处岩质边坡为研究对象,根据其结构面发育情况及崩塌落石特征确定模型尺寸,运用RocFall软件对崩塌落石的能量、速度、运动轨迹、落点位置及冲击力等进行模拟计算。以此对崩塌落石区进行落石风险评估,根据崩塌落石的动量和动能,按最危险原则法将崩塌落石的危险性分区,分为Ⅰ危险性极大、Ⅱ危险性大、Ⅲ危险性一般、Ⅳ危险性较小、Ⅴ无危险五个分区,并将此分区应用于甑子岩危岩体,评价崩子岩危岩体居民区的落石风险及危险性,确保居民安全。通过对崩塌落石区的危险性分区,可以用来指导居民区的安置和防护措施。 相似文献
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贵州省内多山地，由于喀斯特地貌特点，崩塌、滑坡等地质灾害发生频繁，是我国地质灾害最严重的省份之一。思南县徐家大塝崩塌历史上曾发生过多次崩塌，现存的危岩体规模大，严重威胁着徐家大塝居民的生命财产安全，开展相应的危险性评估具有紧迫性和必要性。本文通过无人机Lidar技术获取徐家大塝崩塌剔除植被的高精度DEM,并通过三维实景建模技术构建三维地形模型，考虑了落石从两个临空面崩落的情况，选取0.3 m、1.5 m和2.5m 3种典型粒径落石进行随机性数值仿真模拟，获得了3种粒径落石的运动轨迹和动力学特征。选取落石的能量、频率、加速度和弹跳高度4种评价因子对徐家大塝崩塌的危险性进行综合评价。利用熵权法计算各评价因子的权重，基于ArcGIS软件采用空间栅格分析技术将徐家大塝崩塌危险范围划分为4个等级：极高危险区、高危险区、中危险区和低危险区。本文所采用的研究思路和技术方法可为其他单体崩塌灾害危险性评价及范围划分提供参考。 相似文献
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Direct Sequential Simulation and Cosimulation 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Amilcar Soares 《Mathematical Geology》2001,33(8):911-926
Sequential simulation of a continuous variable usually requires its transformation into a binary or a Gaussian variable, giving rise to the classical algorithms of sequential indicator simulation or sequential Gaussian simulation. Journel (1994) showed that the sequential simulation of a continuous variable, without any prior transformation, succeeded in reproducing the covariance model, provided that the simulated values are drawn from local distributions centered at the simple kriging estimates with a variance corresponding to the simple kriging estimation variance. Unfortunately, it does not reproduce the histogram of the original variable, which is one of the basic requirements of any simulation method. This has been the most serious limitation to the practical application of the direct simulation approach. In this paper, a new approach for the direct sequential simulation is proposed. The idea is to use the local sk estimates of the mean and variance, not to define the local cdf but to sample from the global cdf. Simulated values of original variable are drawn from intervals of the global cdf, which are calculated with the local estimates of the mean and variance. One of the main advantages of the direct sequential simulation method is that it allows joint simulation of N
v variables without any transformation. A set of examples of direct simulation and cosimulation are presented. 相似文献
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Two Artifacts of Probability Field Simulation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Probability field simulation is being used increasingly to simulate geostatistical realizations. The method can be faster than conventional simulation algorithms and it is well suited to integrate prior soft information in the form of local probability distributions. The theoretical basis of probability field simulation has been established when there are no conditioning data; however, no such basis has been established in presence of conditioning data. Realizations generated by probability field simulation show two severe artifacts near conditioning data. We document these artifacts and show theoretically why they exist. The two artifacts that have been investigated are (1) local conditioning data appear as local minima or maxima of the simulated values, and (2) the variogram model in range of conditioning data is not honored; the simulated values have significantly greater continuity than they are supposed to. These two artifacts are predicted by theory. An example flow simulation study is presented to illustrate that they affect more than the visual appearance of the simulated realizations. Notwithstanding the flexibility of the probability field simulation method, these two artifacts suggest that it be used with caution in presence of conditioning data. Future research may overcome these limitations. 相似文献
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中国造山带动力学研究中的数值模拟应用与发展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
数值模拟为造山带动力学研究提供了有效的量化工具,但即使研究人员根据造山带不同的动力问题进行针对性模拟,也很难对各种模型的优劣进行判断。文章在研究和分析国内外学者运用数值模拟研究中国造山带动力学成果的基础上,系统总结了造山带动力学数值模拟的方法及研究成果,并对未来的研究方向及趋势进行了展望。与国外造山带研究相比,中国复杂造山带的数值模拟研究仍存在不足,需要加强洋—陆俯冲模拟结果与实际地质情况的对比力度。运用多场耦合以及高精度模拟和高级求解方法相结合的数值模拟是造山带动力学模拟研究的趋势。 相似文献
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沉积数值模拟是开展沉积学定量研究的重要手段,在油气地质学、水利工程等领域中发挥着重要作用。本文基于大量国内外文献调研,结合实际研究工作,系统概述了沉积数值模拟的发展历程及模型分类,归纳了几何规则、水动力方程、扩散方程、元胞自动机和模糊逻辑等5种模拟方法,对比各种方法的基本原理、优缺点以及与其相对应的代表性模拟软件的特点;总结了沉积数值模拟在层序地层学,沉积过程及沉积机理,“源-汇”系统和油气地质学等4个研究领域中的应用现状及独特优势;并结合东营凹陷北部陡坡带断层控制背景下两种湖相重力流沉积数值模拟研究实例,进一步说明了沉积数值模拟在沉积学研究中的有效性与重要性;最后展望了探索不同沉积机制数值模拟新方法,多地质过程耦合数值模拟与地质几何建模一体化,基于人工智能驱动的沉积过程反演数值模拟以及在非常规油气资源勘探开发中深入应用是该领域未来的发展方向。 相似文献
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Numerical representations of multivariate natural phenomena, including characteristics of mineral deposits, petroleum reservoirs
and geo-environmental attributes, need to consider and reproduce the spatial relationships between correlated attributes of
interest. There are, however, only a few methods that can practically jointly simulate large size multivariate fields. This
paper presents a method for the conditional simulation of a non-Gaussian vector random field directly on block support. The
method is derived from the group sequential simulation paradigm and the direct block simulation algorithm which leads to the
efficient joint simulation of large multivariate datasets jointly and directly on the block support. This method is a multistage
process. First, a vector random function is orthogonalized with minimum/maximum autocorrelation factors (MAF). Blocks are
then simulated by performing LU simulation on their discretized points, which are later back-rotated and averaged to yield
the block value. The internal points are then discarded and only the block value is stored in memory to be used for further
conditioning through a joint LU, resulting in the reduction of memory requirements. The method is termed direct block simulation
with MAF or DBMAFSIM. A proof of the concept using an exhaustive data set demonstrates the intricacies and the performance
of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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以SWAT模型为研究工具,对该模型在东江流域的3个子流域的适用性进行研究,研究表明,SWAT模型在东江流域3个子流域的适用性较好,校准期（19701975年）日径流模拟和月径流模拟的相对误差Re均在10%以内,日径流模拟的决定系数R2均在70%以上,月径流模拟的决定系数R2均在80%以上,Nash-Suttcliffe效率系数基本达到70%;验证期（19761985年及19962005年）,月径流模拟的决定系数R2和Nash-Suttcliffe效率系数均在70%以上,相对误差Re基本在±20%以内,可以满足该流域的水资源评价与规划的要求。 相似文献
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This paper aims to study the influence of the number and distribution of drill samples on the simulation accuracy of the lithology field. This research mainly applies the variation function method in geo-statistics, and determines important indicators such as the variation, and then the lithology field is simulated by sequence index simulation. It is shown that(1) simulation error decreases with the increase of sampling density;(2) at the scale and complexity of this study, when the sampling density reaches 40/km^2, the average error of the lithology field simulation can be less than 2.0%;(3) in the study mode of examples, the simulation results of random sampling in the whole region are the most ideal, with an average error of 5.4%. The average error of the simulation results of the centralized sampling is about 10 times that of the random sampling method;(4) known from the influence analysis of the degree of study sample unevenness influence on the imitation results, under the same sample size, the simulation error decreases with the increase of the most adjacent index. When the nearest index reaches 1, the simulation error will be less than 6%, and the error variable range is within 3%. 相似文献