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1.
An inverse dynamo problem is presented in which we search for either kinematic dynamos which produce the same external magnetic fields or an invisible dynamo. The existence of flows which produce the same external magnetic fields is proved. However, we have not found general conditions necessary for such kind of dynamos. An “invisible dynamo” operates in an electrically conducting region surrounded by vacuum and generates a magnetic field trapped in the electrically conducting region so that no magnetic field exists in the vacuum. Invisible magnetic decay modes exist in cylinders, but no invisible growing field supported by the dynamo mechanism has been found. 相似文献
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Agris Gailitis Olgerts Lielausis Ernests Platacis Gunter Gerbeth Frank Stefani 《Surveys in Geophysics》2003,24(3):247-267
Cosmic magnetic fields, including the magnetic field of the Earth,are produced by the homogeneous dynamo effect in moving electricallyconducting fluids. We sketch the history of the underlying theoryand comment on previous attempts to realize homogeneous dynamos inthe laboratory. For the main part, we report on two series ofexperiments carried out at the Riga dynamo facility. In November1999 a slowly growing magnetic field eigenmode was observed forthe first time in a liquid metal experiment. In July 2000, themagnetic field saturation regime was studied and a number ofinteresting back-reaction effects were observed. A preliminaryinterpretation of the measured data is also presented. 相似文献
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The possibility of generation of additional acoustic harmonics in the geomagnetic field after the propagation of an acoustic wave in the conducting medium through the region with a variable magnetic field has been considered. Two possible procedures of such a generation have been analyzed: the parametric procedure and the dynamic procedure related to ponderomotive forces. The expressions have been obtained for three acoustic harmonics generated by an oscillating magnetic field. 相似文献
5.
Abstract This paper presents the first attempt to examine the stability of a poloidal magnetic field in a rapidly rotating spherical shell of electrically conducting fluid. We find that a steady axisymmetric poloidal magnetic field loses its stability to a non-axisymmetric perturbation when the Elsasser number A based on the maximum strength of the field exceeds a value about 20. Comparing this with observed fields, we find that, for any reasonable estimates of the appropriate parameters in planetary interiors, our theory predicts that all planetary poloidal fields are stable, with the possible exception of Jupiter. The present study therefore provides strong support for the physical relevance of magnetic stability analysis to planetary dynamos. We find that the fluid motions driven by magnetic instabilities are characterized by a nearly two-dimensional columnar structure attempting to satisfy the Proudman-Taylor theorm. This suggests that the most rapidly growing perturbation arranges itself in such a way that the geostrophic condition is satisfied to leading order. A particularly interesting feature is that, for the most unstable mode, contours of the non-axisymmetric azimuthal flow are closely aligned with the basic axisymmetric poloidal magnetic field lines. As a result, the amplitude of the azimuthal component of the instability is smaller than or comparable with that of the poloidal component, in contrast with the instabilities generated by toroidal decay modes (Zhang and Fearn, 1994). It is shown, by examining the same system with and without fluid inertia, that fluid inertia plays a secondary role when the magnetic Taylor number Tm ? 105. We find that the direction of propagation of hydromagnetic waves driven by the instability is influenced strongly by the size of the inner core. 相似文献
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本文以两种绝缘内核的发电机为基准,设置内核电导率与外核相同,选择了以固定速度超速旋转和在外核驱动下发生旋转的两种内核旋转模式,比较分析不同模型间的能量差异、磁场强度、磁雷诺数、磁极翻转频率和四个类地发电机参数.结果表明:对于弱偶极子发电机模型,有限导电内核的引入会对其偶极子强度的相对变化量造成较大影响,最高达103.00%;由外核驱动旋转的有限导电内核模型对于本文其他目标研究量所带来的影响比较小,均小于5%;而固定旋转速度的有限导电内核的模型对磁极翻转频率、赤道对称性和纬向性均存在较明显影响,最大变化量达124.62%.综合本文所选用的发电机模型的特征和数值分析结果,可以发现虽然由外核驱动旋转的有限导电内核模型其转速不可控且存在较大波动,但各物理量变化量与实际内核与外核的能量比更为接近,因此可以推断其驱动机制较自驱动模式更为合理可靠. 相似文献
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In the current state of geomagnetic instrument testing, some aspects of geomagnetic instrument performance are difficult to test in the laboratory. If laboratory test results are inadequate, the instrument will have multiple problems while operating in the field, where a geomagnetic instrumentation test platform with a stable natural magnetic field is critical. Here, the magnetic field feedback circuit for geomagnetic field compensation control is studied in detail. That is, the magnetic field measured by the feedback magnetic sensor and the required working magnetic field are compared as input to the system, and the electric signal is transmitted to the feedback coil through an analog circuit to form a closed loop control, which provides compensation to control the magnetic field. Compared with the existing magnetic shielding method, the analog control circuit can achieve the realization of any working magnetic field, and it is not limited to a null magnetic field. The experimental result shows that the system compensates the earth''s magnetic field of 10,000nT with an average error of 10.6nT and average compensation error of 0.106%, providing a high compensation accuracy. The system also shows high sensitivity and excellent stability. The feedback circuit has achieved effective compensation control for the earth''s magnetic field. 相似文献
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Analytic base of geodynamo-like scaling laws in the planets,geomagnetic periodicities and inversions
S. V. Starchenko 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2014,54(6):694-701
Scaling laws for hydromagnetic dynamo in planets initially express the characteristic strength of the magnetic field through the primary values, such as the size of the conductive core of the planet, the angular rotation rate, electrical conductivity and energy flows. Most of the earlier proposed scaling laws based only on observations and assumptions about force balances. Recent and my new approaches to fully take into account the energy and induction balance has additionally expressed here in terms of primary values such important characteristics as forces, magnitudes, energies, scales and orientations of hydromagnetic fields. The direct numerical simulation of the hydromagnetic dynamo and modeling ability in a fairly wide range of parameters for the first time allowed direct test such laws. The obtained numerical geodynamo-like results for the Earth, Jupiter and partially Saturn postulated previously not identified analytically simplest law that predicts the field strength is only depended on the specific energy density of convection and the size of the dynamo area. This simplest and already widely used law was original way analytically grounded here along with other previously known and new laws. This analytic identifies the physics determining geomagnetic periodicities for jerk, secular variations and inversions. Mean period between the inversions is found to be roughly proportional to the intensity of the geomagnetic field that is confirmed by some paleomagnetic researches. Possible dynamos in Mercury, Ganymede, Uranus and Neptune are also discussed. 相似文献
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在地理坐标系下推导出二维电离层发电机理论方程,采用逐线迭代法求解得到全球二维电离层发电机电流函数,进而得到电离层发电机电流和电场.模式中使用的电导率是根据外部经验模式给出的背景大气和电离层参数,采用理论公式计算得出;输入的中性风场和磁场分别由HWM93和IGRF2000模型给出,该电离层发电机理论模式很好地给出了全球Sq电流形态及电离层E层发电机电场的基本特征.利用该模式研究了外部模式风场以及地磁场随高度的变化对模拟结果的影响,发现在90~180 km高度上,风场随高度变化对电流影响较大,而地磁场影响较小;重点模拟研究了地磁平静时期,Sq电流涡旋中心位置和总电流强度的变化规律,初步研究发现,电流中心位置在地理纬度±30°附近,不同的地方时电流随地磁纬度线平行移动,且南北半球两个电流涡中心电流强度之和变化不大.分析发现这种规律与发电机高度上的磁场总强度及地磁倾角的全球分布有很好的相关性. 相似文献
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F.H. Busse 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1976,12(4):350-358
Reliable measurements of the magnetic fields of Jupiter and Mercury have been obtained recently. Convection appears to be the most probable origin of Jovian and Hermaean magnetism as well as of geomagnetism. The similarity of the dynamo mechanism in the electrically conducting core of these planets offers opportunities for comparing different hypotheses and testing theoretical models. It is proposed in this paper that the realized magnetic field reaches a maximum amplitude in accordance with the dynamical constraints of nearly geostrophic motion and the condition for dynamo action. 相似文献
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提出了用地磁总场对磁性目标定位的方法.以远场磁偶极子原理构建了地磁总场的测量阵列,设计了阵列对目标的定位算法,求解中采用二重梯度算法消除了地磁总场随时间变化和空间分布不均匀对目标定位的影响.实验验证了这种二重梯度算法的有效性.利用MATHCAD对定位算法中的非线性方程组进行了仿真,采用LINGO软件求解了阵列方程组.在松花江沿岸某地,用光泵磁传感器阵列对航行中的目标船进行了定位实验,所测磁场数据曲线与理论曲线完全吻合,证明了定位算法物理模型的正确性.提出了改进的磁场梯度偏置定位算法,进一步提高了目标定位精度.实验证明了这种地磁总场目标定位方法的可行性. 相似文献
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通过试验，认为地电供电系统对地磁观测的影响主要是来自供电导线产生的磁场，其强与公式Ｈ＝１／１０．２Ｉ／ｒ计算结果基本相符。而地下电流产生的磁场是很弱的，这对避免和减小其影响提供了新思维。 相似文献
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2019年1月7日涉县地震台地磁Z分量加卸载响应比出现高值变化,通过检测观测系统、调研测区环境、分析空间磁场影响、对比同台多套仪器及对比河北省内其他台站相同仪器和分析震例等,认为涉县台地磁加卸载响应比高值变化不排除是地震地球物理异常的可能。 相似文献
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M. Yu. Reshetnyak 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2013,49(4):464-473
The Lagrangian formalism is applied to consider temporal evolution of the ensemble of interacting magnetohydrodynamical cyclones governed by Langevin-type equations in a rotating medium. This problem is relevant for fast-rotating convective objects such as the cores of planets and a number of stars, where the Rossby numbers are far below unity and the geostrophic balance of the forces takes place. The paper presents the results of modeling for both the two-dimensional (2D) case when the cyclones can rotate relative to the rotation axis of the whole system in the vertical plane, and for the case of spatial rotation by two angles. It is shown that variations in the heat flux on the outer boundary of the spherical shell modulate the frequency of the reversals of the mean dipole magnetic field, which agrees with the three-dimensional (3D) modeling of the planetary dynamo. Applications of the model for giant planets are discussed, and an explanation for some episodes in the history of the geomagnetic field in the past is suggested. 相似文献
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V. A. Dergachev S. S. Vasiliev O. M. Raspopov H. Jungner 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2012,52(8):959-976
Recent studies have shown that, in addition to the role of solar variability, past climate changes may have been connected with variations in the Earth??s magnetic field elements at various timescales. An analysis of variations in geomagnetic field elements, such as field intensity, reversals, and excursions, allowed us to establish a link between climate changes at various timescales over the last millennia. Of particular interest are sharp changes in the geomagnetic field intensity and short reversals of the magnetic poles (excursions). The beginning and termination of the examined geomagnetic excursions can be attributed to periods of climate change. In this study, we analyzed the possible link between short-term geomagnetic variability (jerks) and climate change, as well as the accelerated drift of the north magnetic pole and surface temperature variations. The results do not rule out the possibility that geomagnetic field variations which modulate the cosmic ray flux could have played a major role in climate change in addition to previously induced by solar radiation. 相似文献
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本文利用CHAOS-6地磁场模型计算1997—2016年中国大陆地区34个地磁台站模型值,分析比较模型计算值与台站实测值之间的差异,利用国际参考场模型IGRF12计算结果进行佐证。结果表明:地磁异常场模量△T作为地磁台站观测环境的一种标志,年变化显示:①中国大陆地区34个地磁基准台绝大部分位于地磁正常区或弱磁异常区,只有少数几个地磁台位于强磁异常区;②判断1个地磁台的地磁场环境,只测量总强度（F）是不够的,必须进行三分量绝对观测,利用地磁异常场模量△T评价地磁台的地磁场环境更全面、更科学合理。 相似文献
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Johannes Wicht 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2002,132(4):281-302
Speculation about its possible super-rotation has drawn the attention of many geophysical researchers to the Earth’s inner core. An issue of special interest for geodynamo modelling is the influence of the inner-core conductivity. It has been suggested that the finite magnetic diffusivity of the inner core prevents more frequent reversals of the Earth’s magnetic field. We explore the possible influence of the inner-core conductivity by comparing convection-driven 3D dynamo simulations with insulating or conducting inner cores (CIC) at various parameters. The influence on the field structure in the outer core is only marginal. The time behaviour of dipole-dominated non-reversing dynamos is also little affected. Concerning reversing dynamos, the inner-core conductivity reduces the number of short dipole-polarity intervals with a typical length of a few thousand years. Reversals are always correlated with low dipole strength and these short intervals are found in periods where the dipole moment stays low. Polarity intervals longer than about 10,000 years, where the dipole moment has time recover in strength, are equally likely in insulating and CIC models. Since these latter intervals are of more geophysical relevance, we conclude that the influence of the inner-core conductivity on Earth-like reversal sequences is insignificant for the dynamo model employed here. 相似文献
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磁线圈对地磁场的物理模拟及对地磁导航研究的意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用磁线圈对地球基本磁场开展动态模拟,将地磁场随空间的变化转化为在实验室中随时间的变化,能够为地磁导航系统的匹配试验提供物理仿真的地磁场环境。本项研究依照虚拟仪器技术思路,对磁线圈、恒流电源、磁通门磁力仪(或Overhauser磁力仪)和工控机进行数字化连接,并采用LabVIEW编程进行驱动控制,通过自动调节线圈绕组中的电流大小来实现对磁场的物理模拟并进行实时监测,尝试组建了地磁场动态模拟系统,并分别开展了对地磁场总强度和三分量信号的动态模拟实验。模拟系统可以实现天然地磁场和人工编制两种动态信号的输出模拟,且拟合效果良好。地磁场动态模拟系统的初步建立为今后地磁匹配试验等研究提供了仿真磁场环境。 相似文献
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涉县地磁基准台地磁观测室在建设过程中严格按照观测规范要求施工,利用GSM-19T磁力仪,对建筑材料磁性进行严格检测和筛选,并对地磁房建设前后磁场梯度进行检测,对比可以发现磁房场地磁场梯度是否符合规范要求。此次涉县地磁房建设过程中各种建筑材料的磁性检测工作,可以为其他台站磁台建设提供参考。 相似文献
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Summary Electromagnetic field response of a homogeneous uniaxially anisotropic conducting medium has been investigated in the presence of a vertical electric dipole placed at a heighth above the conducting surface. Expressions for the horizontal components of electric and magnetic fields and hence that of vertical impedance of the field, as a function of the distance of the place of observation from the source, have been derived. Numerical computations have been done and curves are given to illustrate the influence of anisotropy on the amplitude values of the impedance on the surface of the conducting medium.N.G.R.I. Contribution number 71–279. 相似文献