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1.
地球轨道旋回是古代沉积记录中常见的由地球轨道参数变动控制的沉积节律,它不仅自身表现显著的节律性,而且通过反馈体系强烈影响着沉积作用。同时,轨道旋回节律在不同的沉积背景下以不同的沉积特征显现和规则性叠加。地球轨道旋回赋有的规则频率变化特征又使其具有年代学意义和应用价值,它是天文地质学、地层学及沉积学研究的重点内容。根据国内外资料综述了这些方面的研究进展,并探讨了地球轨道旋回的研究方法。  相似文献   

2.
旋回地层学   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
一、引言 1895年G·K·Gilbert提出,一定的韵律层理型式记录了敏感的相对地球轨道韵律的反应。这些信号可能提供地质年代学的基础——Gilbert时代的一个颇为紧迫的课题,现在仍然是很有意义的事情。它们可能阐明古气候学及气候变化对海洋和沉积的反应。当我们逐渐认识到地球外部环境的脆弱时,所承担的课题日益重要。最后,它们也可能阐明地球轨道习性的演化。尽管有Gilbert的巨大鞭策,本世纪并未产生切实可用的旋回地层学。许多地质学家认为这概念牵强附会,轨道循环对气候和沉积物的影响是模糊不清的。地层旋回出现在各种沉  相似文献   

3.
旋回地层学的基本原理与研究方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
刘立  薛林福 《世界地质》1994,13(3):86-91
旋回地层学的基本原理与研究方法刘立,薛林福(能源地质系)(地球科学系)旋回地层学(Cyclostratigraphy)主要研究轨道旋加力(orbitalforcing)与沉积旋回之间的成因联系。一百多年以来,由于Adhemar(l942),Croll...  相似文献   

4.
柳永清 《地质论评》2001,47(1):53-56
华北地台中寒武世鲕滩碳酸盐岩沉积序列中发育大量分属4-7级的高频层序,依据旋回平均厚度的频率分布、不同级别旋回叠加样式和比率、沉积发育样式和跨越整个地台的可对比等特征认为,它们受控于地球轨道参数变动,是典型的米兰柯维奇旋回,其中Ⅳ、Ⅵ级分别对应于长、短偏心率旋回,时限分别为0.4Ma和0.1Ma。应用轨道旋回规则的周期间隔给出了中寒武世各级层序、地层阶和相应界面的年龄值。  相似文献   

5.
赣北晚二叠世的层序地层及高频沉积旋回研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文依据露头剖面及钻孔资料,在对其沉积物进行详细的微相及沉积环境研究的基础上,将赣北上二叠统划分为4个三级层序,并详细地论述了各三级层序的特征,丰城长兴组的呈家坪初期近源缓坡,早期具深切谷的近源缓坡边缘,中期台盆相间的断裂边缘,长兴期具滩礁内陆地镶边陆架等4个发展阶段,表明这种复杂多变的五级高频沉积旋回形成的根源是地壳运动地地壳运行造成沉积背景的不同,与秦岭一别洋向北储冲消减的慢悉悉相关,根据更小级别的时断加积沉积旋回的研究,它们的时限与地球运行轨道的岁差和短偏心率旋回大体吻合,从而,认为控制间断加积沉积旋回的主导机制是地球轨道周期性变化导致的气候周期性变化。  相似文献   

6.
泥河湾湖相沉积层记录的古气候周期性   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对泥河湾盆地西部井儿洼钻孔上部 12 2 4m的湖相沉积物以约 0 2m的间距系统取样 ,测量其CO2 含量。以建立的时间标尺为基础 ,分析了最近 12 0 0ka以来古气候变化的周期特征。结果表明地球轨道要素偏心率、地轴倾斜变化周期的 40 0ka、10 0ka、40ka的准周期成分在湖相沉积中有明显反映 ,而岁差 2 0ka周期成分不明显 ,同时包含有 70ka、5 5ka的周期。这些结果说明第四纪古气候变化既与地球轨道要素变化有关 ,也与地球系统内部其它因素变化有关。古气候特征性周期在780ka左右出现转折 ,在此之前地球轨道周期不明显 ,在此之后出现较显著的地轴倾斜周期 46ka及31ka。  相似文献   

7.
柳永清 《地质论评》2001,47(1):53-56
华北地台中寒武世鲕滩碳酸盐岩沉积序列中发育大量分属4~7级的高频层序,依据旋回平均厚度的频率分布、不同级别旋回叠加样式和比率、沉积发育样式和跨越整个地台的可对比等特征认为,它们受控于地球轨道参数变动,是典型的米兰柯维奇旋回,其中Ⅳ、Ⅵ级分别对应于长、短偏心率旋回,时限分别为0.4Ma和0.1Ma.应用轨道旋回规则的周期间隔给出了中寒武世各级层序、地层阶和相应界面的年龄值.  相似文献   

8.
旋回地层学是提高地质年代标尺精度的一种重要方法。特提斯海相沉积是旋回地层学研究的良好对象,与西特提斯比较,东特提斯的旋回地层学研究程度较低,第四纪之前的研究精确度有待进一步的提高。西藏南部广泛出露海相白垩系,其中定日贡扎剖面出露的上白垩统尤为连续和完整。在对贡扎剖面野外观察及其层束厚度测量的基础上,通过快速傅立叶变换(FFT),分析该地层蕴含的地球轨道周期,得到了与理论值较为接近的结果:偏心率周期,4092 ka/周期(E1),1279 ka/周期(E2),93 ka/周期(E5);斜率周期,512 ka/周期(O1),409 ka/周期(O2),389 ka/周期(O2)。在功率谱分析过程中,利用层束和超层束组的关系进行了调谐的处理,并比较调谐前后结果,来确定调谐的重要性,证明该地层沉积速率的变化:地层由老至新,其沉积速率的变化趋势整体为由小变大,变化范围为086~253 cm/ka。进一步对比东西特提斯和其他地区研究结果,证明东西特提斯海相沉积在外形、成因和所蕴含的轨道周期的一致性,地球轨道周期变长与理论值变化的一致性。最后给出了下一步工作的建议。 关键词:藏南; 定日; 晚白垩世; Coniacian阶; 旋回地层学  相似文献   

9.
耿安松 《地球化学》1995,24(3):308-309
有机地球化学研究进展──在第四纪古气候古环境研究中的应用耿安松(中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640)从沉积(无机)地球化学的角度研究第四纪古气候、古环境的变迁已经做了大量的工作,并取得许多成果。与之相比,从有机地球化学的角度研究第四纪古气...  相似文献   

10.
旋回地层学研究现状和新进展   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
旋回地层学作为一门独立的地层分支学科诞生于20世纪80年代,它以米兰科维奇天文轨道旋回为理论基础,以露头剖面、岩心等为研究对象,应用地球化学、光谱分析和时间序列分析等方法,研究天文轨道参数周期性变化在地层记录中的沉积响应.旋回地层学的基本地层单位米级旋回,相当于层序地层概念体系中的准层序,二者相互联系又存在差异."天文地质年代表"的提出和"国际地质年表"把天文轨道因素作为确定地质年代的一种重要方法,突出显示旋回地层学在定量确定地质年代方面的优势.近年来在地层记录中识别出时间分辨率更高的亚米兰科维奇旋回信号不仅是该学科最新进展,也是沉积学和地层学新的生长点.  相似文献   

11.
Quaternary paleotemperatures and sea level records, from both deep sea cores and dated shorelines, provide the basis for testing the Milankovitch hypothesis of climatic change. The longest and most detailed records include (1) oxygen isotope analyses of Caribbean and Atlantic deep sea cores, (2) paleoecological analyses of the same cores, and (3) radiometrically dated raised coral reefs from New Guinea and elsewhere, representing times of relatively high Quaternary sea levels. Time-domain and frequency-domain analysis of these records, shows with a high degree of certainty that Quaternary climatic changes are strongly influenced by the obliquity perturbations and precession of the Earth's orbit. The same analyses also suggest that the time scale adopted by Emiliani for deep sea cores may be more nearly correct than alternative time scales of other workers.The question of whether insolation changes arising from orbital perturbations can generate ice ages, has been disputed by climatologists. It is shown here that orbital perturbations cannot affect climate indirectly through agencies originating within the Earth, such as vulcanism, and that the primary climatic control is therefore through variation of insolation distribution, as Milankovitch suggested. The conclusion is that climatologic theory must accommodate these facts.  相似文献   

12.
Periodic increments in the growth of organismal shells and fossils in the intertidal zone were studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and chemical composition analyses. The results were used to calculate the orbital parameters of the Earth-Moon system from the Ordovician to Quaternary period. The annual, semi-annual, biweekly (14-day), daily and subdaily growth rhythms were identified on the surface of shells. The periodic changes in the growth increments of shells and the rhythmic variations of microelements in fossils and organisms were reliable indicators of environmental changes. There were 415.69 days for an annual period in Ordovician, 407.1 days in Devonian, 400.51 days in Carboniferous-Permian, 393.98 days in Tertiary, 374.13 days in Triassic and 367.4 days in Quaternary. The data collected and calculated from these growth increments show that – from the Ordovician to the Quaternary period – the rate of Earth’s rotation has been slowing down and that the distance from the Earth to the Moon has been increasing, while the rate of lunar retreat has been decreasing.  相似文献   

13.
中更新世气候转型与100ka周期研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
中更新世气候转型是第四纪气候变化中最重要的特征之一,它是指全球气候的主导周期在中更新世时从41ka转变为100ka,且气候波动的幅度也加大。经典的Milankovitch假说不能完全解释中更新世气候转型的原因以及100ka周期在气候记录中的强烈表现,因为太阳辐射与气候记录之间存在着相当的差异,尤其是二者在变化幅度上不匹配。近年来围绕这一转型过程的时代和原因获得了一些新的进展,主要是针对中更新世气候转型的时间、对气候记录中100ka周期的重新检讨以及非太阳辐射因素在这一转型过程中所起的作用。其它可能的转型原因包括大冰盖、温室气体、地球轨道面倾角、冰盖基底、构造隆升等。  相似文献   

14.
Lin-Sen Li 《Astronomy Reports》2008,52(10):806-810
We examine the influence of mass-loss due to stellar wind using the celestial mechanics of variable mass, and derive first-and second-order solutions, taking into account the decreasing mass due to the stellar wind. The theoretical results show that the semi-major axis exhibits secular and periodic variations in the first-and second-order theory. The orbital eccentricity exhibits periodic, but no secular variation or changes. The longitude of periastron exhibits only periodic variations in the first-order solution, but also secular variations in the second-order solution. The theoretical results are applied to the binary star HD 698, and variability of the orbital elements of this star due to stellar-wind mass loss calculated. Published in Russian in Astronomicheskiĭ Zhurnal, 2008, Vol. 85, No. 10, pp. 896–900. The article was translated by the authors.  相似文献   

15.
第四纪气候变化机制研究的进展与问题   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
自从20世纪50年代海洋沉积氧同位素记录被揭示以来,经典的陆地4次冰期理论被新的认识所取代,人们发现第四纪以来冰期—间冰期旋回远远不止4次,并且从深海沉积和陆地黄土获取的古气候变化记录与地球轨道参数变化可以对比,为揭示第四纪古气候变化机制构建了明确的框架。近年来有关末次冰期不稳定气候事件的揭示也为深入认识古气候变化特征提供了新的证据。然而冰期—间冰期旋回机制、南北半球在冰期—间冰期循环过程中的耦合机制以及气候不稳定事件发生机制仍然是困扰古气候研究者的重大问题。  相似文献   

16.
This short paper presents a case study for teaching elements of Quaternary Science to a non-specialist audience. A guided hands-on practical exercise in sedimentology and stratigraphy, palaeoenvironmental analysis and Palaeolithic archaeology was supported by the development of a ‘Quaternary Timeline’ chart, which introduces the concepts of changing climates and environments and characterises the broad expression of these changes in the terrestrial and fossil records. Using information from the practical exercises, the figure allows a step-by-step interpretation to be built up of past landscapes, including an understanding of the nature of fluvial responses to Quaternary climate change, a reconstruction of the contemporary flora and mammalian fauna and an analysis of the activities of early human populations.  相似文献   

17.
中国北方有约200×104km2的面积被黄土、沙漠和荒漠戈壁沉积物覆盖,这些地区堆积物的形成变化与第四纪气候变化密切相关。关于中国北方沙漠与黄土记录晚第四纪古气候变化的研究不少,但是,由于受到方法和条件等限制,系统的(高密度的)和独立的年代学工作比较薄弱,从而使诸多已经发表的关于沙漠-黄土记录的亚轨道时间尺度气候变化的结论受到质疑。文章通过对黄土高原代表性的4个末次冰期以来的黄土剖面以及毛乌素、浑善达克和科尔沁沙地的20多个末次冰期-全新世的沙-砂质古土壤剖面的研究,获得了150多个独立的光释光年龄数据。在此基础上,结合200多个样品的粒度、有机质含量和磁化率数据,重建末次冰期以来中国北方气候变化过程,对比分析沙地与黄土古气候记录的联系。结果表明,中国北方古气候在57.5~52.5kaB.P.相对干旱,41.5~37.3kaB.P.相对湿润,26~22kaB.P.逐渐干旱,22~18kaB.P.极端干旱,15~10kaB.P.干旱,10~8kaB.P.为干旱减弱的时期,8.0~2.4kaB.P.相对湿润,而2.4kaB.P.以来气候为相对干旱。其间,在8.0~2.4kaB.P.的湿润时期有几次干旱事件,而2.4kaB.P.以来气候变化频繁。具有独立年代控制的黄土和沙漠记录表明,中国北方的气候变化对轨道时间尺度的太阳辐射变化有大约3~4ka的滞后。  相似文献   

18.
Through the late Quaternary, the global climate system ranged from full glacial to temperate interglacial conditions. On a smaller spatial scale, regional climates of the late Quaternary exhibited fluctuations that were at times asynchronous to these global changes. For example, glacier expansion in the Himalayas during the mid-Holocene appears to be at odds with the notion of increased global temperature. A clear understanding of the dynamical processes governing regional climate is therefore essential to the correct interpretation of proxy climate data. We summarize results from numerical simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the mid-Holocene, and focus on the multiple processes that control regional climate of the Himalaya and surrounding areas, with emphasis on monsoon dynamics and variability. It is shown that changes in the south Asian monsoon (caused by fluctuations in Earth's orbital parameters, by tropical Pacific Ocean temperatures, or by exposure of the Sunda shelf) alter the hydrological balance in regions bordering the Tibetan Plateau, a balance for which there are extensive continental proxy records. Numerical results correlate with the expansion/contraction cycles of deserts near the Chinese Loess Plateau. In addition, the LGM monsoon exhibits significant snow accumulation in the eastern Himalaya, whereas the mid-Holocene monsoon exhibits increased accumulation in the northwestern Himalaya. Simulated changes are therefore in accord with field data and demonstrate that numerical simulations can be a useful tool in the interpretation of regional proxy data, particularly when those data are asynchronous to global records.  相似文献   

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