共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 327 毫秒
1.
开放街道地图(Open Street Map,OSM)数据由大众自发标报,因而存在大量虚假、低质量、冗余数据,其冗余数据清理研究成果乏善可陈.为此,针对OSM建筑物面目标冗余问题,构建了一套基于层次规则的OSM建筑物面目标冗余数据清理模型.首先,从OSM数据中识别冗余建筑物面目标,然后,按照拓扑关系类型将冗余建筑物面目标进行冗余分类,其次,根据建筑物面目标的冗余类型、几何特征等构建层次规则,最后,对实验区冗余面目标进行实验,并利用精确率、召回率及调和平均值(F1)等指标评价清理效果,结果表明,该模型具有良好的合理性和有效性. 相似文献
2.
《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2016,(11)
自发地理信息(volunteered geographic information,VGI)由大众志愿者自发标报,导致其可信度具有诸多不确定性,但目前的研究工作很少考虑用户信誉对于VGI质量的影响,因此提出基于用户信誉的VGI可信度计算模型。首先提出了VGI的用户信誉模型,模型综合考虑了用户的初始信誉和评价信誉两方面,在此基础上综合地理要素的编辑过程和贡献者的信誉等因素发展了地理对象的可信度计算模型。最后采用OpenStreetMap的真实历史数据中的线对象进行实验,实验结果表明,线要素的质量和可信度值呈正相关关系。本文从可信度的角度来评价自发地理信息,为VGI的质量评价和筛选提供了新的视角。 相似文献
3.
周边区域地理信息的获取是我国地缘环境研究中的一个难题,志愿者地理信息(volunteered geographic information,VGI)的兴起为解决该难题提供了一个可行的方法。在目前一系列的VGI项目中,OpenStreetMap(OSM)是比较领先的应用,但OSM数据模型不同于我国周边应用的专业矢量数据模型,因此,利用OSM数据时首先需要对其进行模型转换。有鉴于此,本文提出了一种基于规则的OSM数据到专业应用矢量数据模型转换方法。该方法首先利用OSM定义的几何类型与地物属性作为分类依据,建立了模型转换基本规则库;对于志愿者根据自己的理解自行标注未包含在基本规则库中的目标采用人机交互方式进行模型转换,并在此过程中不断完善规则库,利用越南与巴基斯坦数据进行实验,最终形成了包括2 344条转换规则的模型转换规则库,为OSM数据模型到专业应用矢量数据模型的转换提供了一条可行途径。 相似文献
4.
众源开放街道地图(OpenStreetMap,OSM)作为志愿者地理信息的典型代表,其数据质量制约了城市主干道提取。为此,引入约束Delaunay三角网,运用类似Voronoi图的空间等剖分几何构造表达道路线密度,通过线密度变化与三角形边长表征主干道形态特征,并集成两个指标构建主干道识别模型;类比林火蔓延扩展过程,提出了基于Delaunay三角网的OSM主干道多边形提取方法。运用5个城市的OSM数据进行实验,结果表明,该方法能有效提取主干道多边形,并且与OSM路网中的道路等级属性趋于一致。 相似文献
5.
在移动轨迹数据发布场景中,由于攻击者所拥有的背景知识及攻击模型的差异,使得无法对不同隐私保护机制的隐私保护度和数据可用性进行统一评价。针对该问题,提出了一个顾及用户、攻击者和隐私保护机制的度量框架。定义了一个融合攻击者背景知识和攻击方法等因素的隐私度量指标U_m,使得不同的隐私保护机制在统一度量下能够进行有效性比较,有助于数据发布方选择合适的隐私保护机制以获取隐私保护和数据可用性之间的均衡。在两个真实轨迹数据集上进行的实验验证了该框架以及度量指标的有效性。 相似文献
6.
随着自发地理信息和中文地址要素切分技术的发展,地址要素的质量有待评价。本文针对中文地址文本切分产生的地址要素质量难以有效评价的问题,提出了一种多源数据和网络检索支持下的地址要素可信度评估方法。首先利用中文分词工具对地址要素进行分词与词性标注,通过分析词频和词性组合模式,对地址要素的命名结构进行可信度计算。其次基于大规模的地址样本、道路数据及POI数据,挖掘多源数据对地址要素的数据支撑,计算数据支持度。然后利用搜索引擎对地址要素进行快速检索,分析搜索结果与数量,对地址要素的网络可信度进行计算。最后提出一种地址要素综合可信度计算模型,实现地址要素的综合可信度计算。试验结果表明,该模型与方法不仅能够高效快速地计算中文地址文本中地址要素的可信度,还能够有效发现地址要素中存在的偏僻、虚假等相关问题,为地址要素的自动化检测与标准化处理提供参考。 相似文献
7.
地理信息志愿者信誉度评估的版本相似度模型——以面目标为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对自发地理信息中存在大量恶意、虚假、低质量数据,提出了一种基于版本相似度的VGI志愿者信誉度计算模型。该模型将每个志愿者对某个地理空间目标的一次编辑结果定义为一个版本,当其他用户编辑该目标版本时,通过计算版本相似度来获得其他用户对该志愿者这个目标版本的支持度;然后通过计算其他贡献者对某志愿者所贡献的每个目标的支持度,对所有目标的支持度进行加权平均获得该志愿者的综合信誉度。其中版本相似度综合目标空间和属性相似性的主要因素进行加权计算。然后以面目标为例阐述了本文志愿者信誉度计算过程。为了验证本文信誉度计算模型的合理性,笔者采用德国柏林OpenStreetMap数据进行试验,试验表明通过本文模型计算获得的用户信誉度与其贡献的要素质量总体上正相关。 相似文献
8.
OSM作为开源的地理信息数据资源,与传统的人工实地测量、利用卫星遥感影像获取道路网信息的方法相比,成本更加低廉、获取更加方便,在基础地理信息道路网更新中具有较广阔的应用前景.本文以郑州城区的基础地理信息道路数据和OSM数据为研究对象,针对目前基础地理信息数据更新周期长、投入成本大的问题,探索了基于OSM数据更新道路的流程和方法,研究了同名实体匹配、道路变化检测等关键技术.实验结果表明,提出的方法能够有效更新基础地理信息道路网,具有较强的可操作性. 相似文献
9.
结合土地房产GIS基础数据的特点提出了GIS房产数据质量控制与检查的方法．首先提出一般模型,并对该模型中存在的问题进行分析,然后提出一种扩展模型,扩展模型能够较好地处理由于数据排序以及遗漏数据元素而引起的问题。同时对GIS房产数据的排序方法以及图形空间关系的检查也做了讨论,并探讨将扩展模型应用于土地房产GIS基础数据的质量控制与检查工作中,以提高数据检查工作的效率和自动化程度。 相似文献
10.
本文结合土地GIS基础数据的特点提出GIS数据质量控制与检查的方法.首先提出一般模型,并对该模型中存在的问题进行分析,然后提出一种扩展模型,扩展模型能够较好的处理由于数据排序以及遗漏数据元素而引起的问题.同时对GIS数据的排序方法以及图形空间关系的检查也做了讨论,并探讨将扩展模型应用于土地GIS基础数据的质量控制与检查工作中,以提高数据检查工作的效率和自动化程度. 相似文献
11.
ABSTRACTNowadays, several research projects show interest in employing volunteered geographic information (VGI) to improve their systems through using up-to-date and detailed data. The European project CAP4Access is one of the successful examples of such international-wide research projects that aims to improve the accessibility of people with restricted mobility using crowdsourced data. In this project, OpenStreetMap (OSM) is used to extend OpenRouteService, a well-known routing platform. However, a basic challenge that this project tackled was the incompleteness of OSM data with regards to certain information that is required for wheelchair accessibility (e.g. sidewalk information, kerb data, etc.). In this article, we present the results of initial assessment of sidewalk data in OSM at the beginning of the project as well as our approach in awareness raising and using tools for tagging accessibility data into OSM database for enriching the sidewalk data completeness. Several experiments have been carried out in different European cities, and discussion on the results of the experiments as well as the lessons learned are provided. The lessons learned provide recommendations that help in organizing better mapping party events in the future. We conclude by reporting on how and to what extent the OSM sidewalk data completeness in these study areas have benefited from the mapping parties by the end of the project. 相似文献
12.
Quality assessment of OpenStreetMap data using trajectory mining 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anahid Basiri Mike Jackson Pouria Amirian Amir Pourabdollah Monika Sester Adam Winstanley 《地球空间信息科学学报》2016,19(1):56-68
OpenStreetMap (OSM) data are widely used but their reliability is still variable. Many contributors to OSM have not been trained in geography or surveying and consequently their contributions, including geometry and attribute data inserts, deletions, and updates, can be inaccurate, incomplete, inconsistent, or vague. There are some mechanisms and applications dedicated to discovering bugs and errors in OSM data. Such systems can remove errors through user-checks and applying predefined rules but they need an extra control process to check the real-world validity of suspected errors and bugs. This paper focuses on finding bugs and errors based on patterns and rules extracted from the tracking data of users. The underlying idea is that certain characteristics of user trajectories are directly linked to the type of feature. Using such rules, some sets of potential bugs and errors can be identified and stored for further investigations. 相似文献
13.
It is sometimes easy to forget that massive crowdsourced data products such as Wikipedia and OpenStreetMap (OSM) are the sum of individual human efforts stemming from a variety of personal and institutional interests. We present a geovisual analytics tool called Crowd Lens for OpenStreetMap designed to help professional users of OSM make sense of the characteristics of the “crowd” that constructed OSM in specific places. The tool uses small multiple maps to visualize each contributor’s piece of the crowdsourced whole, and links OSM features with the free-form commit messages supplied by their contributors. Crowd Lens allows sorting and filtering contributors by characteristics such as number of contributions, most common language used, and OSM attribute tags applied. We describe the development and evaluation of Crowd Lens, showing how a multiple-stage user-centered design process (including testing by geospatial technology professionals) helped shape the tool’s interface and capabilities. We also present a case study using Crowd Lens to examine cities in six continents. Our findings should assist institutions deliberating OSM’s fitness for use for different applications. Crowd Lens is also potentially informative for researchers studying Internet participation divides and ways that crowdsourced products can be better comprehended with visual analytics methods. 相似文献
14.
The amount of volunteered geographic information (VGI) has increased over the past decade, and several studies have been conducted to evaluate the quality of VGI data. In this study, we evaluate the completeness of the road network in the VGI data set OpenStreetMap (OSM). The evaluation is based on an accurate and efficient network-matching algorithm. The study begins with a comparison of the two main strategies for network matching: segment-based and node-based matching. The comparison shows that the result quality is comparable for the two strategies, but the node-based result is considerably more computationally efficient. Therefore, we improve the accuracy of node-based algorithm by handling topological relationships and detecting patterns of complicated network components. Finally, we conduct a case study on the extended node-based algorithm in which we match OSM to the Swedish National Road Database (NVDB) in Scania, Sweden. The case study reveals that OSM has a completeness of 87% in the urban areas and 69% in the rural areas of Scania. The accuracy of the matching process is approximately 95%. The conclusion is that the extended node-based algorithm is sufficiently accurate and efficient for conducting surveys of the quality of OSM and other VGI road data sets in large geographic regions. 相似文献
15.
Assessing Data Completeness of VGI through an Automated Matching Procedure for Linear Data 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
New, free and fast growing spatial data sources have appeared online, based on Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). OpenStreetMap (OSM) is one of the most representative projects of this trend. Its increasing popularity and density makes the study of its data quality an imperative. A common approach is to compare OSM with a reference dataset. In such cases, data matching is necessary for the comparison to be meaningful, and is usually performed manually at the data preparation stage. This article proposes an automated feature‐based matching method specifically designed for VGI, based on a multi‐stage approach that combines geometric and attribute constraints. It is applied to the OSM dataset using the official data from Ordnance Survey as the reference dataset. The results are then used to evaluate data completeness of OSM in several case studies in the UK. 相似文献
16.
The assessment of OpenStreetMap (OSM) data quality has become an interdisciplinary research area over the recent years. The question of whether the OSM road network should be updated through periodic data imports from public domain data, or whether the currency of OSM data should rather rely on more traditional data collection efforts by active contributors, has led to perpetual debates within the OSM community. A US Census TIGER/Line 2005 import into OSM was accomplished in early 2008, which generated a road network foundation for the active community members in the US. In this study we perform a longitudinal analysis of road data for the US by comparing the development of OSM and TIGER/Line data since the initial TIGER/Line import. The analysis is performed for the 50 US states and the District of Columbia, and 70 Urbanized Areas. In almost all tested states and Urbanized Areas, OSM misses roads for motorized traffic when compared with TIGER/Line street data, while significant contributions could be observed in pedestrian related network data in OSM compared with corresponding TIGER/Line data. We conclude that the quality of OSM road data could be improved through new OSM editor tools allowing contributors to trace current TIGER/Line data. 相似文献
17.
OpenStreetMap (OSM) is one of the most popular examples of a Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) project. In the past years it has become a serious alternative source for geodata. Since the quality of OSM data can vary strongly, different aspects have been investigated in several scientific studies. In most cases the data is compared with commercial or administrative datasets which, however, are not always accessible due to the lack of availability, contradictory licensing restrictions or high procurement costs. In this investigation a framework containing more than 25 methods and indicators is presented, allowing OSM quality assessments based solely on the data's history. Without the usage of a reference data set, approximate statements on OSM data quality are possible. For this purpose existing methods are taken up, developed further, and integrated into an extensible open source framework. This enables arbitrarily repeatable intrinsic OSM quality analyses for any part of the world. 相似文献
18.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):153-171
OpenStreetMap (OSM) currently represents the most popular project of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI): geodata are collected by common people and made available for public use. Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) enables the acquisition of high-resolution digital elevation models that are used for many applications. This study combines the advantages of both ALS and OSM, offering a promising new approach that enhances data quality and allows change detection: the mainly up-to-date 2D data of OSM can be combined with the high-resolution – but rarely updated – elevation information provided by ALS. This case study investigates building objects of OSM and ALS data of the city of Bregenz, Austria. Data quality of OSM is discerned by the comparison of building footprints using different true positive definitions (e.g. overlapping area). High quality of OSM data is revealed, yet also limitations of each method with respect to heterogeneous regions and building outlines are identified. For the first time, an up-to-date Digital Surface Model (DSM) combining 2D OSM and ALS data is achieved. A multitude of applications such as flood simulations and solar potential assessments can directly benefit from this data combination, since their value and reliability strongly depend on an up-to-date DSM. 相似文献