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东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带中生界分布特征及其有利区探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带中生界分布特征及其油气勘探方向的研究认为：研究区中生界分布广、厚度大,主要沉积在南部地区,最大厚度超过6 000 m,除凹陷内有分布外,隆起区也有分布。白垩系主要发育在长江凹陷、海礁低凸起、瓯江凹陷、闽江凹陷和台北低凸起地区;侏罗系主要发育在闽江凹陷。闽江凹陷的中生界厚度大,烃源岩条件好,局部构造圈闭发育,既有区域性盖层又有局部盖层,生储盖条件优越。因此,闽江凹陷是东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带油气勘探前景最好的区域。 相似文献
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辽河坳陷东、西部凹陷构造活动差异性对火山岩油气成藏的控制作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
辽河坳陷东部凹陷与西部凹陷有相似的地质背景,但东部凹陷火山岩油气却明显富于西部凹陷;通过对两个凹陷的构造演化史进行研究,明确了西部凹陷与东部凹陷的构造演化差异性及其对火山岩油气藏形成条件的控制作用,结果表明:(1)辽河坳陷东部凹陷与西部凹陷构造活动差异性明显,西部凹陷裂陷期早于东部凹陷,沙四沉积后构造活动中心逐渐由西部凹陷迁移到了东部凹陷,东部凹陷断层的规模和活动性整体大于西部凹陷;(2)构造活动的差异性决定了东、西部凹陷成藏条件的差异性,东部凹陷油气输导体系(主指断裂)较西部凹陷更利于油气的运移;东部凹陷火山岩储层物性优于西部凹陷;东部凹陷火山岩的产状以及与烃源岩的接触关系较西部凹陷更便于油气的储集。 相似文献
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本文建立了一种干旱背景下坳陷湖盆全新的沉积充填模式,即"洪水—河漫湖"沉积模式。在干旱背景下,物源区的河流主要表现为季节性的洪水,大多数河流都消失在荒漠中,河水主要以地表蒸发、植被生态消耗、地下渗流、河流终端湖以及河漫湖等形式排泄,坳陷湖盆内并未形成统一大面积的汇水中心和湖相沉积。这种背景条件下,湖盆的沉积充填特征明显不同于经典的坳陷湖盆和浅水湖盆沉积。下白垩统泉头组四段沉积时期,松辽盆地具有气候干旱、地势平坦、生物单调贫乏等特征,盆地南部存在5大沉积体系及7条主要的水系。除在盆地西部古龙凹陷地区河流汇水形成小范围浅水湖泊外,在盆地南部主要为"洪水—河漫湖"的河流相沉积。坳陷湖盆"洪水—河漫湖"沉积具有以下特点:①全盆地没有统一的汇水中心,因而缺乏大面积分布的湖相和三角洲沉积;②河流表现为季节性的洪水,部分河流由于地形变缓,并未进入汇水中心,而是消失在荒漠中,河流相为盆地沉积充填的主要类型;③湖盆具有多物源、多漫湖、满盆含砂的沉积特点;④河漫湖与河流在空间分布上存在3种关系,即河流终止于河漫湖、河流穿过河漫湖、河流绕过河漫湖等。坳陷湖盆"洪水—河漫湖"是一种中—新生代陆相坳陷湖盆沉积充填的新模式,具有重要的理论和实践意义。 相似文献
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东海陆架盆地位于欧亚板块的东南缘和西太平洋活动大陆边缘,本文选取了东海陆架盆地主要凹陷的17条地震剖面,采用平衡剖面技术,计算了主要凹陷新生代不同演化阶段的伸展率和压缩率。分析表明,东海陆架盆地构造演化总体由西向东跃迁。晚白垩世至晚古新世东海陆架盆地裂陷中心在西部坳陷带,始新世东迁至东部坳陷带,上新世东迁至东海陆架盆地东侧的冲绳海槽盆地。古新世中后期东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带北侧昆山凹陷反转;中新世东部坳陷带的西湖凹陷反转。东海陆架盆地西部坳陷带与东部坳陷带构造演化不同,证明了东海陆架盆地的东西分带。西部坳陷带北部的长江坳陷和南部的台北坳陷构造演化不同,东部坳陷带北部的西湖凹陷和南部的钓北凹陷构造演化不同,证明了东海陆架盆地的南北分块。 相似文献
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该文以济阳坳陷为例论述了陆相盆地沉积学研究及油气勘探的历程,探讨了沉积学研究与油气勘探的密切关系。礁灰岩的发现及粒悄碳酸盐岩分布规律的预测、河流相分布模式的识别、湖相侧向加积理论的深化、深湖浊积岩系列的建立以及箕状凹陷陡坡砂砾岩体的精细研究,都极大地扩大了油气勘探的领域,奠定了寻找大、中型油气田的理论基础,丰富了复式油气区勘探理论。 相似文献
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华北地台区古近系—新近系在渤海湾盆地非常发育,在南华北地区也有较大厚度,而在鄂尔多斯盆地则不甚发育,仅在西北部有少量沉积。渤海湾盆地古近纪以断陷型沉积为主,主要为滨浅湖相沉积,物源来自多个方向,如北部的燕山褶皱带、西部的太行山隆起、南部的鲁西隆起、东部的辽东隆起区以及盆地内部的沧县隆起和埕宁隆起等。南华北地区古近纪发育大小不一多个沉积中心,以河流相沉积为主;鄂尔多斯盆地古近纪仅在西北部出现沉积,发育河流相,缺失古新统—始新统沉积。新近系沉积区主要位于渤海湾盆地、南华北地区以及鄂尔多斯盆地外围的地堑中,主要为河流相和滨浅湖相沉积。新近纪早期渤海湾盆地大面积隆升,导致湖盆收缩,部分地区遭受剥蚀夷平,中晚期盆地整体形成统一坳陷,主要为河流相沉积,局部发育滨浅湖相;南华北地区进入裂谷期后坳陷发育阶段,大面积接受沉积,主要发育河流相沉积。华北地台区西部沿鄂尔多斯盆地周缘形成了一套以河流相与滨浅湖相为主的山前盆地沉积。华北地台区古近纪—新近纪油气的有利勘探区域为渤海湾盆地。 相似文献
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基于沉积盆地型干热岩的基本特征,系统总结了渤海湾盆地干热岩型地热资源选区的地热地质学、地球物理学、地表地热显示、干热岩资源潜力和地质安全性等指标,对渤海湾盆地内主要构造单元干热岩赋存背景进行了分析,建立了适宜于沉积盆地型干热岩勘查选区的评价指标体系。通过层次分析和打分法进行综合评价,结果表明,渤海湾盆地内干热岩勘查的最有利区位为沧县隆起区,次有利区位为济阳坳陷和冀中坳陷,显示厚覆盖盆地内隆起区较坳陷区更为有利,而坳陷区内的次级凸起构造较凹陷构造更为有利。基于上述认识,在有利区位中进一步圈定了沧县隆起、牛驼镇-容城凸起、陈庄凸起和乐亭-昌黎凹陷4个靶区,为渤海湾盆地开展干热岩勘查选址指明了方向。 相似文献
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渤海湾盆地是一个典型的内陆裂谷盆地,内部发育6个坳陷、4个隆起、54个凹陷和44个凸起。沉积盆地的含油气性与其古地理分布有密切的关系。利用渤海湾盆地各坳陷大量的录井、岩心、古生物、测井、地震资料及前人的大量文献和数据,对渤海湾盆地各坳陷古近系孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组进行了全区对比和统层。在此基础上,对冀中坳陷、济阳坳陷、临清坳陷内东濮凹陷各组段的沉积相进行了分析,编制了这些区域的古地理图;充分利用前人文献和科研报告中所编制的辽河坳陷、黄骅坳陷、渤海海域古近系各组段的古地理图,编制了渤海湾盆地孔店组、沙河街组沙四段、沙三段、沙二段、沙一段、东营组的古地理图。渤海湾盆地发育数十个含油气凹陷,每个凹陷中心的深湖亚相泥岩构成烃源岩,而在凹陷的边缘发育近岸水下扇、扇三角洲、三角洲、滩坝等砂体,构成重要的储集层,在有利的成藏条件下,凹陷中央的烃源岩向周围与之互层的储集层供烃形成油藏,在凹陷中央的烃源岩中,还发育了页岩油、页岩气、致密油气等非常规油气。因此,每个凹陷就是油气生成、运聚的基本单元,是一个独立的油气运移—聚集系统。生油凹陷的分布及其古地理特征控制了油气在渤海湾盆地古近系中的平面分布。 相似文献
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One of the most important tasks of evaluating natural resources of petroliferous basins is to determine the organic matter abundance of source rocks in the basin.The usual method for assessing the organic carbon content of source rocks is based on laboratory analyses.There is a deviation in calculating organic carbon content due to the heterogeneous distribution of organic matter and the artificial factors when sampling.According to the continuous characteristics of information logging,the conventional logging curves(mainly acoustics and resistivity,etc.) were calibrated with the organic carbon experimental data of cores,cuttings or sidewall cores.The organic carbon content of source rocks of the 4 th(Es 4) and 3 rd(Es 3) members of the Shahejie Formation in western sag in the Liaohe depression was estimated directly by a great amount of continuous data including resistivity and acoustic logging,etc.Comparison between the results from computer processing and lab analysis of logging data shows that the organic carbon contents derived from the computer processing of logging data have the same reliability and accuracy as the lab analysis results.The present data show that this method is suitable to evaluate the source rocks of western sag in the Liaohe depression and has great potential in evaluating natural resources of sedimentary basins in the future.On the basis of logging data of source rocks,experimental data and existing geochemical analyses of the Liaohe Oilfield,the corresponding total organic carbon(TOC) isograms of source rocks were plotted.The source rocks of Es 4 and Es 3 of the Shahejie Formation are thought to be beneficial to hydrocarbon accumulation due to the high TOC. 相似文献
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利用野外露头、岩心、测井录井和分析化验资料,对柴达木盆地西部(简称“柴西地区”)新生界干柴沟组湖相碳酸盐岩进行了研究,划分了其沉积微相类型,研究了其分布规律,分析其形成环境和控制因素,并建立了相应沉积模式。该区湖相碳酸盐岩在垂向上与碎屑岩频繁互层,湖相碳酸盐岩包括颗粒灰岩、藻灰岩、泥晶灰岩和混积岩4大类11种,划分出了灰泥坪、颗粒滩、藻丘(礁)、浅湖湾以及(半)深湖泥灰岩相等5种沉积微相。通过分析不同碳酸盐岩及其微相时空展布特征,认为其发育主要受控于湖盆构造运动、湖平面变化、陆源碎屑注入、古气候与古水介质条件、古地貌与古水深环境,并在此基础上建立了柴西湖相碳酸盐岩的沉积模式。研究认为柴达木盆地西部干柴沟组沉积时期,湖盆为典型咸化湖盆,构造活动相对稳定,湖平面上升达到峰值。碳酸盐岩主要发育在湖侵期,高频湖平面变化形成了碳酸盐岩与碎屑岩频繁互层。在枯水期,盆地坡折处发育碎屑岩滩坝或三角洲前缘沉积;在湖侵期,盆地坡折处发育了鲕粒滩及藻灰岩,盆地洼陷区发育泥灰岩或灰质泥岩。 相似文献
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[摘 要] 本文旨在以平邑盆地官庄群湖相碳酸盐岩为例,研究湖相碳酸盐岩的古地理指示意义。以沉积学理论为指导,依据野外露头剖面分析了平邑盆地古近纪官庄群的地层及其沉积特点,结合盆地的形成及演化,分析了古生物、古气候、物源、水介质物理化学条件等沉积环境条件,明确了官庄群湖相碳酸盐岩沉积时的古地理格局与特征。研究表明平邑盆地在古近纪官庄群沉积时为温暖的内陆淡水湖泊环境,构造活动相对静止,地形平坦,有利于湖泊相碳酸盐岩沉积,且碳酸盐岩集中发育在浅水、中等偏低能量、低陆源碎屑物质的环境。从而说明湖相碳酸盐岩地层形成的古地理背景为构造活动平静、地形平坦、浅水低能沉积环境。 相似文献
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辽河坳陷西部凹陷高升以北地区湖盆深陷期经历了初始断陷阶段→快速沉降阶段→稳定沉降阶段→剧烈沉降阶段→短暂回返阶段共5个阶段。湖盆初始断陷阶段,沉积区主要处于中北部,以冲积扇-浊积扇-湖泊沉积为主;湖盆快速沉降阶段,沉积区南扩,以浊积扇-湖泊沉积为主;湖盆稳定沉降阶段,沉积区覆盖了整个研究区,以扇三角洲-浊积扇-湖泊沉积为主;湖盆剧烈沉降阶段以辫状河三角洲-浊积扇-湖泊沉积为主;而当湖盆进入短暂回返阶段时,北部出露地表遭受剥蚀,沉积区南退,以辫状河三角洲-扇三角洲-湖泊沉积为主。湖盆的沉降中心、沉积中心、沉积方式、沉积相类型及其空间配置等均受湖盆演化阶段控制。同时油气储集砂体的发育、油气圈闭类型等也受湖盆演化特点的影响,湖盆陡坡侧易于形成构造圈闭、岩性圈闭和复合圈闭等,缓坡侧则易于形成地层及岩性圈闭。 相似文献
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Distribution Characteristics of Effective Source Rocks and Their Control on Hydrocarbon Accumulation: A Case Study from the Dongying Sag, Eastern China 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
ZHU Guangyou JIN Qiang ZHANG Shuichang DAI Jinxing ZHANG Linye LI Jian Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration Development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing E-mail: zhugy Faculty of Geo-resource Information University of Petroleum Dongying Shandong Geo-science Academy in Shengli Oil Fiel Dongying Shandong 《《地质学报》英文版》2004,78(6):1275-1288
The exploration conducted in the Bohai Bay basin, eastern China has demonstrated that the abundant petroleum resources have close affinities to the hydrocarbon kitchen with rich organic matter. A number of oil-generating associations with various characteristics of organic geochemistry and assemblages of multiple reservoir facies are developed due to the multi-center sedimentation, multi-source supply and multi-cycle evolution of filling, which have resulted in the formation of multiple oil and gas accumulation zones of various layers and trap styles. Among them the Paleogene Shahejie Formation is the most important hydrocarbon accumulation combination in the Dongying sag. Heretofore, its proved reserve has reached nearly 1.8×109t, which accounts for more than 90% of the total proved reserves of the Dongying sag. Based on previous studies, more than 600 source rock samples and 186 crude oil samples of the Shahejie Formation, collected from 30 oilfields, have been treated with organic geochemical testing 相似文献
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咸化湖盆存在碎屑岩、化学岩及混积岩共生的沉积现象,但多类型沉积物有序分布的机制尚不明确。本文以渤南洼陷沙四上亚段为例,开展了咸化湖盆多类型沉积物有序分布及控制因素的分析,结果表明：渤南洼陷沙四上亚段低位域沉积期以碎屑岩沉积为主,湖侵域和高位域则出现化学岩与混积岩,由近岸到远岸呈扇体、砂岩滩坝、混积岩滩坝、碳酸盐岩滩坝、盐湖、半深湖及深湖有序分布;化学岩主要受水体环境控制,水体古盐度大于10‰是化学岩形成的基础,盐度和深度共同控制碳酸盐岩、膏岩以及盐岩分布,同时水体深度对不同成因类型的碳酸盐岩及碎屑岩分布也产生影响;碎屑岩主要受物源地貌控制,物源区位置及物源供应强度决定着碎屑岩的沉积位置和规模大小,同时古碳酸盐岩的发育影响着现今碳酸盐岩的发育位置;古地貌位置的高低及坡度的陡缓决定着砂体成因类型,同时古地貌还影响着生物礁生长及碳酸盐沉淀;咸化湖盆多类型沉积物有序分布受古水深、古盐度、古物源、古地貌的共同作用。 相似文献
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《China Geology》2019,2(4):439-457
With Songliao Basin in northeast China entering the middle-late stage of the exploration and development of oil and gas resources, it is urgent to open up new areas for oil and gas exploration on the periphery of the basin. Five sedimentary sags have been discovered in the western margin of the Da Hinggan Mountains through high-precision gravity, magnetic, and electrical prospecting engineering. According to the conditions of the 5 sags such as buried depth, area, and the scale of source rock, Hesigewula Sag was preferentially selected to deploy two-dimensional seismic prospecting and drilling. As a result, the stratigraphic distribution and structure of Hesigewula Sag were preliminarily ascertained, the main sedimentary facies developed in Aershan Formation-Tengger Formation of the Lower Cretaceous was summarized, and the assessment parameters of source rock of Hesigewula Sag were obtained. According to the research results, the Hesigewula Sag can be divided into 3 second-order tectonic units including the western bulge, the central sag, and the eastern bulge respectively, and the sag was formed mainly subject to the west fractures. Three sedimentary facies including fan delta facies, braided river delta facies, and lacustrine facies have been identified in the Aershan Formation-Tengger Formation of the sag. The source rock in the first member and second member of Tengger Formation in the sag features high abundance of organic matter, meeting the standards of good source rocks. The kerogen of the source rock is mainly of type II1 – II2. The organic matter in the source rock is characterized by low maturity and it entered the evolution stage of low maturity from the second member of Tengger Formation. Furthermore, Hesigewula Sag bears a strong similarity to other petroliferous sags in Erlian Basin in structure, sedimentation, source rock, and other characteristics. Therefore, it can be preliminarily determined that Hesigewula Sag boasts great potential for oil and gas resources. 相似文献
18.
R. Mjelde T. Raum P. Digranes H. Shimamura H. Shiobara S. Kodaira 《Tectonophysics》2003,369(3-4):175-197
A total of 13 regional Ocean Bottom Seismograph (OBS) profiles with an accumulated length of 2207 km acquired on the Vøring Margin, NE Atlantic have been travel time modelled with regards to S-waves. The Vp/Vs ratios are found to decrease with depth through the Tertiary layers, which is attributed to increased compaction and consolidation of the rocks. The Vp/Vs ratio in the intra-Campanian to mid-Campanian layer (1.75–1.8) in the central Vøring Basin is significantly lower than for the layers above and beneath, suggesting higher sand/shale ratio. This layer was confirmed by drilling to represent a layer of sandstone. This mid-Cretaceous ‘anomaly’ is also present in the northern Vøring Basin, as well as on the southern Lofoten Margin further north. The Vp/Vs ratio in the extrusive rocks on the Vøring Plateau is estimated to be 1.85, conformable with mafic (basaltic) rocks. Landward of the continent/ocean transition (COT), the Vp/Vs ratio in the layer beneath the volcanics is estimated to be 1.67–1.75. These low values suggest that this layer represents sedimentary rocks, and that the sand/shale ratio might be relatively high here. The Vp/Vs ratio in the crystalline basement is estimated to be 1.67–1.75 in the basin and on the landward part of the Vøring Plateau, indicating the presence of granitic/granodioritic continental crust. In the lower crust, the Vp/Vs ratio in the basin decreases uniformly from southwest to northeast, from 1.85–1.9 to 1.68–1.73, suggesting a gradual change from mafic (gabbroic) to felsic (granodioritic) lower crust. Significant (3–5%) azimuthal S-wave anisotropy is observed for several sedimentary layers, as well as in the lower crust. All these observations can be explained by invoking the presence of liquid-filled microcracks aligned vertically along the direction of the present day maximum compressive stress (NW–SE). 相似文献
19.
现代湖盆源-汇系统分析,可为古代源-汇系统研究提供参考依据.将云南洱海现代湖盆源-汇系统划分为西（S2S-W）、东（S2S-E）、北岸（S2S-N）3个独立的源-汇系统,S2S-E物源区母岩主要为碳酸盐岩,沉积体数量少、规模小（ < 10 km2）;S2S-W物源区母岩主要为变质岩及少量花岗岩、碳酸盐岩,沉积体数量多、规模大（> 40 km2）,相互叠置、连片分布;S2S-N为轴向物源型源-汇系统,母岩主要为碎屑岩,沉积物供应充足,形成大型沉积体.研究表明,同一盆地（洼陷）内可存在多个源-汇系统,由于母岩类型、构造活动、古地貌等因素的影响,可造成不同源-汇系统的流域面积、沉积区面积及沉积响应存在差异,在古代源-汇系统研究中需重视不同源-汇系统之间的差异性研究. 相似文献
20.
物源体系分析是沉积盆地特征分析的重要内容，为进一步阐明珠江口盆地恩平凹陷恩平组的沉积特征和物源体系，本文拟利用恩平凹陷的三维地震资料和钻井数据，通过古生物环境分析和锆石U- Pb定年等方法，并借助地震剖面中古沟谷的识别、前积反射结构、地震多属性分析结果和沉积相带平面分布特征，对恩平凹陷恩平组物源体系特征进行综合分析。研究结果表明，恩平组PSQ1～PSQ2时期表现位明显的陆相湖盆特征，物源主要为珠江口盆地内隆起的古生代变质岩和中生代火成岩基底，少量来源于北部华南褶皱带的元古宙变质岩；随着PSQ3时期断层活动逐渐停止，湖平面不断上升，华南褶皱带物源供给能力明显增强，逐渐成为恩平凹陷主要物源。鉴于目前南海北部缺少陆相湖盆地层的完整岩芯剖面，制约了南海北部裂陷期构造- 沉积耦合研究并影响了该地区的油气勘探，建议下一步在南海北部陆相沉积盆地(如珠江口盆地)开展大洋钻探工作，以便获取更连续、时间精度更高，受风化作用影响更小的陆相湖盆地层的完整岩芯剖面。这不仅有利于指导下一步油气勘探，也可通过重建陆相沉积盆地不同地质历史时期的沉积变化过程，为了解古气候状态和预测未来气候变化提供重要依据。 相似文献