共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 719 毫秒
1.
抛石爆破挤淤的过程主要分为4步。第1步是直接进行抛石挤淤;第2步是在堤头前方的淤泥内进行首次堤头爆破,使淤泥的强度降低,抛石和淤泥之间的平衡被打破,抛石向淤泥内滑移和下沉,直至达到新的平衡;第3步是补填后再次进行爆破,并依次循环;第4步是每50m进行一次侧爆。通过改变淤泥强度的方式来代替爆破作用,利用有限元数值模拟方法对这4个过程进行了模拟,在此基础上进行了挤淤效果的预测。通过工程实例,进行了理论预测与钻探、探地雷达实际检测结果的对比,证实数值模拟的结果是正确的。模拟结果表明经过抛石爆破挤淤4个步骤的处理,抛石最终会形成稳定的马蹄形海堤。 相似文献
2.
浙江漩门三期围垦项目中采用爆炸挤淤置换法进行筑堤工程,为了对爆炸置换后海堤的固结沉降预测及稳定性评价提供可靠的试验参数,取爆炸前后地基范围内的海相软黏土,进行一维压缩和各向等压固结试验,并对该地区软土的压缩变形与结构特性进行初步研究。试验结果表明,海相软黏土存在一定的结构特性,表现出与其重塑土不同的性质;通过引入孔隙指数的概念,研究该地区软黏土的结构性,证实土体结构性的存在是其压缩特性不同于重塑样压缩曲线的内在原因,在高压力范围内其压缩曲线趋近于固有压缩曲线。爆炸挤淤作用对海相软黏土产生较强的扰动效应,也对其基本物理性质与压缩特性均产生重要影响;扰动效应造成软黏土的结构屈服应力降低,结构强度下降,采用新定义的结构破坏比来定量评估爆炸挤淤作用对海相软黏土结构性的破坏程度,可为爆炸挤淤置换法处理软基的海堤工程提供一定的理论基础。 相似文献
3.
在含水率大、抗剪强度低的淤泥中采用抛石挤淤的办法加固地基或建造围埝,处理效果好且经济效益显著,因此得到了广泛地应用。抛石在软弱地基中下沉,直至其重力与地基承载力平衡为止。挤淤所形成截面的形状及抛石下沉深度的计算是此项研究的重点,基于抛石截面为倒梯形和矩形两种形状的假定,考虑淤泥表面隆起对承载力的影响,利用土体极限平衡理论,推导出抛石挤淤深度与抛石高度的关系。通过抛石挤淤的模型试验和现场挤淤的数据,分析比较两种假定下挤淤公式的准确性和适用性,试验结果与公式吻合性很好,该研究结果可为相关工程的设计和施工提供参考。 相似文献
4.
5.
结构性黏土的压缩变形特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海相软黏土的结构性对土体的变形与强度特性有着重要的影响,这种影响与爆炸挤淤置换法处理软基的置换深度直接相关,是海堤基础沉降与稳定性分析的不确定因素。为了探究结构性对海堤地基沉降的影响,并对海相软黏土的压缩特性进行定量分析,建立结构性黏土的压缩变形模型,同时给出模型参数的确定方法。利用文献中的试验数据对模型进行了验证,结果表明模型不仅适用于一维应力状态下的变形分析,能够描述三轴应力状态下结构性黏土的压缩特性。利用所建模型对浙江漩门地区海相软黏土的压缩特性进行模拟,分析表明,模型能较好地考虑结构性对该地区软黏土压缩变形的影响,为该地区海堤沉降的预测提供量化分析的手段,有助于加强结构性黏土地区海堤地基设计与施工的理论基础。 相似文献
6.
7.
在含水率大、承载能力低的软土地基上,利用充灌砂袋进行挤淤置换的方法工艺简单、施工方便、处理效果明显,已经广泛地应用在建造围埝和修筑道路中。充灌袋下沉到一定深度后,其重量与地基承载力相等,从而达到极限平衡状态。充灌袋挤淤所达到的深度与其高度存在一定的对应关系,在工程中确定此关系十分重要。通过3组不同宽度的挤淤模型试验,得到充灌袋下沉量与充灌袋高度的曲线关系、淤泥的位移特性及隆起量。利用ABAQUS中耦合欧拉-拉格朗日法（CEL法）,将充灌袋和淤泥分别用拉格朗日体和欧拉体描述,模拟充灌袋挤淤下沉的过程,将模拟得到的充灌袋下沉深度和高度的关系、淤泥的位移特点与试验结果以及理论公式进行对比。结果表明,CEL法模拟得到的结果与试验结果、理论解具有很好的吻合性,说明利用CEL法可以较好地模拟充灌袋的挤淤问题。 相似文献
8.
采用大型充灌袋在深厚软土地基上建造围埝具有节约材料、降低造价、方便施工等优势,因此,在围海造陆中得到了广泛地应用。软弱地基由于承载力不足,且常处于流塑状态,故充灌袋围埝建造时会挤出淤泥而沉入软土中。随着下沉深度增加,围埝两侧的边载也随之增加,围埝基底也逐渐落在承载力较高的土层上,当围埝的重量与地基承载力相等时,围埝停止下沉,达到极限平衡状态。确定围埝达到设计标高时的下沉深度和充灌袋的用量是充灌袋围埝设计的核心问题。利用土体极限平衡理论并考虑隆起淤泥对承载力的影响,推导出充灌袋围埝挤淤深度的计算公式,并通过挤淤的模型试验和现场工程的监测数据来验证公式的合理性和适用性。此研究成果可供充灌袋围埝挤淤深度的设计及相关工程以参考。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
针对沿海地区深厚淤泥软土的特点和工程建设时效性的要求,本文在总结软土排水固结S-T曲线规律的基础上提出应用短程超载真空预压动力排水固结法加固深厚淤泥的方法,发现深厚淤泥软土在真空负压、超载正压和动力冲击三者优化组合的作用下,主固结沉降可在短时间内完成,土体强度提高的同时地表吹填土在动力冲击作用下形成超固结的硬壳层。深厚淤泥软土加固后能够满足地基承载力的要求并且能够有效控制工后沉降和不均匀沉降。并通过工程实例,对地基处理后的效果进行分析评价,证明了该工法的可行性和有效性,为沿海地区广泛分布的深厚淤泥软土地基的加固提供了新的途径。 相似文献
12.
J. F. T. Agapito H. N. Maleki J. R. Aggson L. A. Weakly 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》1984,2(2):93-105
Summary The load carrying capacity of oil shale pillars excavated by conventional blasting can be increased significantly by presplit blasting and mechanical mining. Comparisons ofin situ vertical stresses and fractures obtained from overcoring horizontal holes in the Colony Mine, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado indicate that conventional blasting causes a strength loss in a zone of damage approximately 3 m (10 ft) thick. Presplit blasting reduces damage significantly, and increases the load carrying capacity in the 3 m (10 ft) thick zone by 5.93 MPa (860 psi). Mechanical mining causes little or no rock damage, and an increase of 9.83 MPa (1425 psi) in strength in the same 3 m (10 ft) thick zone. Pillar design using presplit blasting and mechanical mining techniques can increase the extraction ratio by at least 3% and 5%, respectively, as compared to conventional blasting. It is speculated that comparable increases in extraction should also occur due to increases in span dimensions. 相似文献
13.
渗滤取水河床淤塞机理分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究天然滤床是否会淤塞,关系到渗滤取水工程的使用寿命.本文深入研究了滤床淤塞的三种机理,即悬浮物沉淀、吸附和水动力条件引起的物理淤塞;腐蚀、结垢引起的化学淤塞和微生物大量繁殖淤塞.提出了滤床的结构特征、河水水质、水动力条件及取水工艺是影响淤塞的主要因素,总结了防治淤塞的建议. 相似文献
14.
海底淤泥具有特殊的土性特点,其固化研究尚处于起步阶段。GS固化剂是一种以工业固废为主要原料的适用于软土加固的绿色固化材料。本文开展了GS固化剂加固海底淤泥的应用研究。以香港某工程海底淤泥为加固对象,对比分析了GS固化剂和水泥的掺量、龄期对固化土无侧限抗压强度的影响。研究结果表明,相比于普通水泥,GS固化土的早期强度更高... 相似文献
15.
为探究地基土体在附加应力作用下抗剪强度的变化规律,对传统剪切试验方法进行了改进。通过气压式全自动固结仪预先对试样施加多组精确的附加应力（超出原状土体上覆土重的荷载）后进行快剪试验,以淤泥质粉质黏土与粉土夹粉砂两类土体为研究对象,分析结构与状态的变化对抗剪强度指标值的影响;从受剪土体与剪切盒各层面受力与沉降关系出发,融入剪切面积动态表达式,推导出剪切正应力的修正公式,代入试验计算抗剪强度参数值。结果表明:两类土体受附加应力的影响存在明显的差异,淤泥质粉质黏土以黏聚力变化为主,粉土夹粉砂则体现在内摩擦角上;含水量及孔隙比的改变与土体抗剪强度参数值的变化之间存在反相关关系。 相似文献
16.
粉土因具有黏聚力低、水稳性差的特点,在工程中的使用受限;玉米秸秆具有较高的抗拉强度,是一种性能良好、环保的天然纤维,将经过防腐处理后的玉米秸秆作为加筋材料纤维掺加到粉土中,是否会起到良好的加固效果,本文将就此展开研究。首先对玉米秸秆皮进行抗拉强度测试,选取抗拉强度较高的无茎节点秸秆皮作为试样;将该试样用卡松、双乙酸钠、聚乙烯醇3种防腐溶液进行浸泡,并对浸泡处理后的试样进行抗拉强度测试,结果表明浸泡过3种防腐剂的秸秆在浸泡水后抗拉强度均比天然秸秆有不同程度的提升,其中聚乙烯醇的防腐效果最好,浸泡12周后抗拉强度比天然秸秆高出约60%;对用聚乙烯醇浸泡后的试样进行显微镜拍照和称重测试,显示秸秆在浸泡3天后对聚乙烯醇的吸收达到饱和。将用聚乙烯醇防腐处理后的玉米秸秆纤维掺加到粉土中,制样进行三轴试验,发现玉米秸秆加筋对粉土强度的提高主要体现在黏聚力上,其增幅为素土试样的100%,改善了土体的水稳定性;其应力-应变曲线更倾向于应变-硬化,有别于素土的应变软化,破坏形态较为完整,有别于素土的斜截面破坏,这说明粉土加入玉米秸秆纤维后抵抗外界荷载的能力增强。 相似文献
17.
Silt cannot satisfy the requirements of highway construction because of its low strength. A new stabilizing agent (SEU-2) was developed to improve the mechanical performance and applicability of silt in road. Laboratory tests, including unconfined compression and shrinkage tests, were performed. Test results show that the new stabilizing agent can significantly increase the strength and the water stability, and decrease the shrinkage strain of silt. Field tests were also carried out and the results indicated that the new stabilizing agent could effectively improve the entire stiffness of subgrade. From the point of view in mechanics and applicability in road, adding 4% new stabilizing agent is an economic and reasonable method to stabilize the silt. The stabilized silt has high early strength, small shrinkage deformation, and high entire stiffness. It can satisfy the requirements of highway subgrades. 相似文献
18.
The existence of thick compressible varved clayey silt deposits along the Delaware River presents one major obstacle for design and construction of structures or industrial facilities in this region. To understand the characteristics of this thick weak soil layer and then develop reliable soil parameters for future earthwork design and construction, a comprehensive soil testing program was carried out. The program consisted of both in situ tests [e.g., standard penetration test borings, piezocone penetration test (CPT) soundings, Marchetti flat dilatometer test soundings, seismic shear wave test soundings, CPT pore pressure dissipation tests, and field vane shear tests] and laboratory tests (e.g., soil index tests, consolidation tests, triaxial tests, and chemical tests). Additionally, a field surcharge test program with and without installation of wick drains was carried out to investigate the compressibility of the thick clayey silt deposit and the efficiency of wick drains to help accelerate consolidation. The field and laboratory test results showed that the varved clayey silt deposit was normally consolidated to slightly overconsolidated and moderately to highly compressible. Its physical properties were intermediate between those of Savannah muddy clay and Shanghai soft clay, while much closer to that of Shanghai soft clay. Due to its lamination structure in the horizontal direction, the horizontal consolidation coefficient of the varved clayey silts was significantly greater than that in the vertical direction. The measured undrained shear strength of the varved clay silt almost increased linearly with depth. The installation of wick drains in the thick clayey silt deposits accelerated primary consolidation, but showed no effect on the secondary consolidation under constant loading. The findings obtained from this study will be beneficial for future design and construction of earthworks along the Delaware River. 相似文献
19.
锦州湾泥沙主要来源于沿岸入海河流的输送,外海水体的携带与沿岸、岛屿蚀余物质的补给。每年进入湾内的泥沙总量约为３３—３５万吨,假如这些泥沙不再向湾外流出,在湾内作均匀分配沉积,则相当于在湾底铺上５ｍｍ厚的土。水准和水深重复测量表明,潮滩以稳定的弱堆积为主,水下浅滩基本处于稳定状态。该湾在非正常情况下产生骤淤的可能性不大。综合建港条件良好。 相似文献
20.
饱和冻结粉土在常应变速率下的单轴抗压强度 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
Uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted on the saturated frozen Lanzhou silt (loess) at various constant strain rates and at various constant temperatures. It is concluded from the test results that: the compressive strength (σ f) is very sensitive to temperature (θ) and increases with the temperature decreasing as a power law. Compressive strength is sensitive to strain rate () and increases with strain rates increasing within a certain range of strain rates as a power law. Compressive strength decreases when time to failure (tf) increases, also following a power law. Finally, Compressive strength of frozen silt with higher dry density (γd) is higher than that of frozen silt with lower dry density. The difference between them is mainly influenced by strain rate. 相似文献