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1.
新疆扎吉斯坦铀矿床控矿因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过对扎吉斯坦铀矿床所处的地质构造条件、盆地沉积特征、铀源和还原剂、水文地质条件及层间氧化带发育特征等控矿因素进行分析 ,指出成矿条件最为有利的沉积旋回及有利找矿地段。 相似文献
2.
Lü Delin 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(4)
Since Dow (l972) proposed the concept of oil system atthe AAPG annual meeting in l972, after unremitting effol.tsand progressive perfection, it has become the petroleum systemaccepted by numerous geologists at present. The concept of pe-troleum system was introduced to our country in early l990s(I)ou, l999). In fact, as early as the 1960s, based on the hy-drocarbon exploration and development practice at Songliao ba-sin and Bohai Bay basin, some viewpoints similar to petroleumsystem have be… 相似文献
3.
Eric Gutierrez 《Geoforum》2007,38(5):886-900
Meeting Millennium Development Goals on water and sanitation services in developing countries are fraught with difficulties, as can be seen most clearly from the experiences of Malawi and Zambia, two of the world’s poorest countries that have committed to meeting these goals. The challenges are not only technical, requiring programmatic or engineering solutions, but are also and most importantly political, because solutions will most often cause a rearrangement of the peculiar forms of power relations that have emerged within institutional and political environments of the two countries. The challenges include weak state support for water and sanitation provision, unreliable and contested indicators of coverage, poor sectoral co-ordination, and fragmented donor efforts. This field note examines these challenges in greater detail to cast new light as well as draw attention to possible solutions that can be implemented. 相似文献
4.
《Organic Geochemistry》1999,30(8):873-879
Geochemical correlation and differentiation of hydrocarbons from crude oils and coals is difficult. The complex mixture of the hydrocarbon constituents and the dynamic nature of these constituents in the environment as they weather contribute to this difficulty. A new parameter, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) refractory index, is defined here to help in this correlation. The PAH refractory index is a ratio of two of the most refractory constituents of most crude oils, namely triaromatic steranes and monomethylchrysenes. These are among the most persistent compounds in oil after deposition in the environment and thus retain reliably the signature of the original petroleum input. This index is utilized in Prince William Sound (PWS) to differentiate three different oils, as well as to provide evidence that coal, not oil, is the dominant source of the PAHs which are prominent constituents of marine sediments from PWS and the Gulf of Alaska. 相似文献
5.
Tailing dam is one of the most important mining operations interface with surrounding environment even as long as many years
after ore reserve exhausted. Therefore, appropriate design and management respect to future limitations of environmental regulations
is required. Recently, effect of multiple criteria on tailing impoundment site selection makes it complex as the conventional
procedures unable to answer. The systematic approach of multi attribute decision-making helps decision-makers select the most
preferable decision and provide the basis of a decision support system. This paper developed new strategy based on fuzzy multi
attribute group decision-making methods including: technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution and analytical
hierarchy process in fuzzy group environment. A hypothetical case is processed to demonstrate the strategy’s efficiency and
results are compared and ranked so that the most preferable option is identified. 相似文献
6.
伟晶岩矿床示踪造山过程的研究进展 总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26
国内外伟晶岩及伟晶岩矿床的研究比较薄弱,对于伟晶岩矿床在造山过程中的示踪更是知之甚少。但是,与花岗岩和玄武岩可以指示构造演化一样,伟晶岩及其相关矿床同样可以作为构造演化尤其是造山过程的示踪标志。世界上伟晶岩矿床最集中的阿尔泰地区从加里东期到海西期、印支期、燕山期均有伟晶岩及伟晶岩型矿床形成,并具有从早到晚矿床规模越来越大、元素组合和矿物组合越来越多、伟晶岩分带越来越完善、矿种从加里东期比较单纯的白云母矿床向燕山期超大型综合性矿床演化的规律,主要的成矿阶段发生在各造山运动之后相对宁静的时期。国内外其它地区也有类似的情况,因此,伟晶岩矿床尤其是规模大、分带性好、矿种多元素全的矿床代表了造山后的产物。 相似文献
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扎格罗斯盆地是我国油气公司海外勘探的重要区域。基于最新油气田资料,系统分析了盆地的油气地质特征,总结了油气分布规律,并探讨了其主控因素。结果表明扎格罗斯盆地主要发育志留系、三叠系、侏罗系和白垩系四套主力烃源岩及古近系次要烃源岩,其中白垩系烃源岩贡献最大。碳酸盐岩是盆地的主要储层类型,从二叠系至中新统均有分布,其中上白垩统班吉斯坦(Bangestan)群和渐新统-下中新统阿斯马里组(Asmari)是主力产层;碎屑岩为次要储层,大部分位于土耳其境内的托罗斯褶皱带内。受造山运动挤压褶皱作用控制,盆地主要发育背斜构造圈闭,且油气总体上表现出垂向运移的特征。分析认为迪兹富勒坳陷、基尔库克坳陷和帕卜德赫坳陷蕴含了盆地绝大多数的油气资源,且新生界和白垩系的油气最为富集,其分布规律主要受控于烃源岩展布、圈闭分布、断层和裂缝发育程度及区域盖层的共同作用。 相似文献
8.
The darter goby, Gobionellus boleosoma, sieves meiofaunal organisms from ingested sediment bites. Gut contents of darter gobies were compared with available food items as determined from core analysis. Copepods (the most numerous item in guts), and ostracods were significantly selected for by the gobies. Nematodes occurred in the same relative numbers in guts as in cores. Foraminifera (the most numerous item in cores) were significantly selected against. 相似文献
9.
众所周知,铁镁质类岩石—绿岩系、中基性岩浆岩等,是最重要的含金源岩;酸性岩(包括酸性岩浆岩和沉积—变质岩等)是最重要的含铀源岩。成矿元素的予富集作用是形成矿床的重要条件。予富集作用又可分为地层、岩体和蚀变予富集。利用金、铀的不同特征,对金的找矿评价具有一定作用。 相似文献
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History of landslide susceptibility and a chorology of landslide-prone areas in the Western Ghats of Kerala,India 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Kerala is the third most densely populated state in India. It is a narrow strip of land, of which 47% is occupied by the most
prominent orographic feature of peninsular India, The Western Ghats mountain chain. The highlands of Kerala experience several
types of landslides, of which debris flows are the most common. They are called “Urul Pottal” in the local vernacular. The
west-facing Western Ghats scarps that runs the entire extent of the mountain system is the most prone physiographic unit for
landslides. The highlands of the region experience an annual average rainfall as high as 500 cm through the South-West, North-East
and Pre-Monsoon showers. A survey of ancient documents and early news papers indicates a reduced rate of slope instability
in the past. The processes leading to landslides were accelerated by anthropogenic disturbances such as deforestation since
the early 18th century, terracing and obstruction of ephemeral streams and cultivation of crops lacking capability to add
root cohesion in steep slopes. The events have become more destructive given the increasing vulnerability of population and
property. Majority of mass movements have occurred in hill slopes >20° along the Western Ghats scarps, the only exception
being the coastal cliffs. Studies conducted in the state indicates that prolonged and intense rainfall or more particularly
a combination of the two and the resultant pore pressure variations are the most important trigger of landslides. The initiation
zone of most of the landslides was typical hollows generally having degraded natural vegetation. A survey of post-landslide
investigation and news paper reports enabled the identification of 29 major landslide events in the state. All except one
of the 14 districts in the state are prone to landslides. Wayanad and Kozhikode districts are prone to deep seated landslides,
while Idukki and Kottayam are prone to shallow landslides. 相似文献
12.
中国区域1970-2000年622个气象观测台站资料EOF分析显示,气温的上升导致中国大部分地区饱和水汽压差呈上升趋势,大气热力强度增加,风动力明显减弱.内蒙中部以南至长江中游以北区域是大气热力增强最为敏感的地区.气温升高导致这一区域大气"干燥力"增强,区域蒸发潜力下降速度低于其他地区,气温的上升对低云覆盖产生一定程度... 相似文献
13.
植被状况指数的改进及在西北干旱监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
干旱是全球分布最广、发生频率最高、持续时间最长、影响范围最大、造成的经济损失最为严重的一种自然灾害，干旱也是所有自然灾害中影响因子最为复杂、人类了解最少、监测最为困难的一种自然灾害，干旱监测是世界性的难题。干旱可以发生在任何气候带上，但干旱、半干旱地区是全球干旱灾害发生最频繁的地区。干旱发生特征和规律因地区的不同会有很大的差异，不同地区对干旱监测方法不同。目前，世界各国干旱监测主要利用基于气象、水文、农业和卫星遥感等观测资料建立的各种干旱指数开展，已经有150多种干旱指数。植被状况指数VCI是应用最为广泛的一种卫星监测干旱的指数，研究和业务应用结果表明，VCI对全球各地的干旱均有较好的反映，已经应用在美国国家大气海洋局（NOAA）日常干旱监测业务中，中国国家卫星气象中心干旱卫星遥感监测服务产品也是以VCI为基础。
我国干旱半干旱地区主要分布在新疆、甘肃、青海、陕西、宁夏以及内蒙古自治区的中西部，这里降水少且不稳定，降水变率大，是中国干旱发生频率最高的地区。干旱严重制约着当地经济发展和人类生活质量的提高，使本身非常脆弱的生态环境趋于恶化。为了了解条件植被指数VCI对西北地区不同气候区干旱的监测能力，以上述6省（区）为研究区，利用1982—2003年22年NDVI数据，计算了研究区域22年来逐月的VCI，对比分析了不同气候区VCI与降水距平的关系。结果表明，VCI在空间和时间上较好地反映了西北大部分气候干旱发生、发展和空间分布，是干旱监测的较好指标，但在干旱和极端干旱地区，VCI经常出现异常偏高现象，不能反映干旱气候区常年干旱的基本特点。通过对西北不同生态系统之间NDVI特点和各生态系统间NDVI年变化及其年际变化规律的研究，设计了VCI改进方案，提出了改进的条件植被指数RVCI。通过对22年来逐月RVCI与VCI的对比，RVCI客观地反映了干旱气候区常年干旱特点，较VCI有显著改进。
相似文献
14.
The geomorphic recreation resources of the Jewish Autonomous Region and their technological and physiological properties are considered. Low-mountain territories are regarded as the most attractive for active recreation in the region. Taking into consideration the transport accessibility and hospitality infrastructure, the most promising geomorphic recreation resources cover 40% of the Jewish Autonomous Region. 相似文献
15.
糜棱岩化-绢云母化对东秦岭方城正长岩中锆石U-Pb体系的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
方城碱性正长岩岩体产于秦岭造山带东段北秦岭构造域,侵位于新元古界栾川群黑云母、绢云母石英片岩中,主要由霓辉正长岩、霓霞正长岩、黑云母正长岩和角闪霞石正长岩组成。具有轻微绢云母化的霓辉正长岩中的锆石为无色透明的短柱状晶体,其阴极发光图像显示清晰的振荡韵律环带,锆石的LA-ICPMS分析表明岩体形成于新元古代,^ 206 Pb／^238 U加权平均年龄为（844．3±1．6）Ma（MSWD=0．86）。而靠近断裂带的糜棱岩化和强烈绢云母化霓辉正长岩中的锆石则为淡黄-黄褐色半透明颗粒,其阴极发光和背散射电子图像显示其裂隙非常发育,有时为钾长石穿插呈海绵状,仅个别颗粒的局部区域仍可见残留的岩浆锆石的环带结构。LA-ICPMS分析结果表明,交代蚀变所形成的热液锆石的Pb、U、Th含量显著增高,而且成分极不均一,含量变化范围很大,U、Th含量分别在32-1550μg／g和188—4059μg／g之间。锆石Th／U比值具有很大的变化范围,Th／U=0．7—44．9。热液锆石。^ 206 Pb／^238 U表面年龄与其U、放射成因Pb及普通Pb含量成反比。由于岩浆锆石U、Th含量较低,其α衰变放射性剂量较小（Dα=3．65×10^14-2．04×10^15／mg）,因此扩散作用所引起的放射成因铅的活动性可忽略不计,所以糜棱岩化、绢云母化霓辉正长岩中锆石U—Pb体系的扰动应是糜棱岩化对锆石晶体结构的损伤和强烈热液交代的结果。由于热液锆石的形成经历了溶解-再沉积等复杂的过程,其U-Pb年龄（不一致线下交点年龄）的地质意义并不明确。 相似文献
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David L. Marchioni 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1983,2(3):231-259
This study examines petrographic, rheologic, proximate and ultimate analyses techniques, to investigate the effects of natural weathering on coal. The applicability of such tests to both the detection of weathering and to the prediction of the properties of a fresh coal, based upon analyses of a weathered sample, is discussed.Rheologic parameters and a petrographic staining technique showed the most sensitive response to weathering. The latter test is considered the most suitable of these for the detection of weathering, as it is independent of prior knowledge of the properties of the fresh coal and of the petrographic composition. A petrographic approach is also considered most suitable for estimation of fresh coal characteristics from weathered samples. Rank may be closely approximated and petrographic type determined microscopically, even on highly weathered samples, and these two parameters may be used to estimate properties such as volatile matter, calorific value and dilatation. Minor modification should be made to vitrinite reflectance measurements, according to the degree of weathering as revealed by selective staining. 相似文献
19.
潮湿环境下古代土遗址的原位保护加固研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
古遗址的保护是文物保护工作中最复杂的问题之一,而土质文物是文物保护中最难保护的文物,所以古代土遗址的保护已在国际上被列为专门的保护项目,而处于潮湿环境下的古代土遗址保护的课题在文化遗产实物和遗迹就地保存和展示领域就更为迫切。浙江良渚文化是中国新石器时代长江流域最重要的史前文化, 塘山遗址位于良渚文化遗址的西北部,选择了PS（硅酸钾）、WD－10（十二烷基三甲氧基硅烷）、WD－S（低聚甲氧基硅烷）、RTV（聚有机硅氧烷+硅酸乙酯）4种保护材料对塘山遗址进行了保护加固实验研究。室内实验和现场实验（2个月,6个月,9个月）的结果都表明,RTV和WD-10防水性优于WD-S,WD-10和WD-S材料仅能作为防水材料,PS材料仅能作为加固材料使用,而RTV则具有较好的加固和防水效果,且加样量越大,强度提高越多。 相似文献
20.
We study the effect of solar activity on the incidence of myocardial infarction deaths (MID) in Mexico. We work with 129,917 cases along 1996–1999, grouping the data by sex and age, and considering the solar cycle phases. At higher frequencies the circaseptan is the most persistent periodicity in MID occurrence. During solar minimum the circaseptan period is not detectable compared with solar maximum. During Forbush decreases and geomagnetic activity, most cases present a higher average MID occurrence. Furthermore the MID rate is higher as the level of the geomagnetic perturbation increases. Male MID rates are in general higher than female rates and the difference increases as the geomagnetic perturbation increases. The age group with the lowest MID incidence is 25 to 44 years, the age group of 65 years is the most vulnerable. We conclude that solar activity does affect MID at low geomagnetic latitudes and that the solar maximum is the most hazardous time for MID incidence. 相似文献