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1.
Internal Wave (IW) characteristics and the impact of IW on acoustic field have been studied utilizing the hourly time series of temperature and salinity data collected at a coastal site off Paradeep (north Bay of Bengal) during 24–25 October 2008. The IW characteristics, viz. period (t per ), velocity (C vel ), wavelength (L), and wave numbers (k), are found to be 2.133–34.72 h, 0.135 km h−1, 0.37–6.2 km and 2.70–0.16 cycles km−1, respectively. The semi-diurnal tidal forces are predominant than diurnal as well as at other frequencies and its contribution is about 64% towards the total potential energy (E 0 = 3.34 J m−2). Sound velocity perturbations with space and time in the presence of IW field are examined from Garrettt-Munk (GM) model. Transmission loss anomaly for optimized source-receiver configuration at the depth of 53 m and range of 9 km has been computed from acoustic modelling. The loss in the acoustic transmission is found to be 38.4 dB in the presence of low-frequency IW field.  相似文献   

2.
The upper-mantle source regions of basaltic magmas in oceanic regions contain both H2O and CO2. If the water content of the upper-mantle peridotite is (<0.4%) approx., then its solidus has a distinctive P,T character such that the geotherm for older oceanic regions will enter a zone of incipient (<2%) melting — the low-velocity zone (LVZ) — at depths of 85–95 km. This LVZ is overlain by a lithosphere of subsolidus amphibole-bearing peridotite in which there is a density increase at ~55 km due to the first appearance of garnet. An alternative model in which the LVZ is attributed to the presence of CO2 fluid phase bubbles is incompatible with experimental data showing high solubility of CO2 in basaltic magmas at the P,T conditions of the LVZ. The LVZ contains a small melt fraction as an intergranular film (aspect ratio <10−2); this melt is of olivine melilitite (CO2, H2O present) or olivine nephelinite (H2O only present) character and is interstitial to olivine > orthopyroxene > garnet > clinopyroxene mineralogy. Temperatures at the top of the LVZ are in the range 1000–1150°C. The lithosphere thickens with age and distance from the mid-oceanic ridges, reaching a stable configuration at a thickness of 85–95 km for t > 80 m.y. With increasing age of the oceanic crust, the velocities in the lithosphere increase, the LVZ becomes thinner, and the velocity contrast between the lithosphere and the LVZ decreases. The pyrolite petrological model and its velocity profile satisfactorily account for most of the geophysical data for various age provinces in oceanic regions.  相似文献   

3.
Thirty‐three samples, including 22 eclogites, collected from the Dabie ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt in eastern China, have been studied for seismic properties. Compressional (Vp) and shear wave (Vs) velocities in three mutually perpendicular directions under hydrostatic pressures up to 1.0 GPa were measured for each sample. At 1.0 GPa, Vp (7.5–8.4 km s?1), Vs (4.2–4.8 km s?1), and densities (3.2–3.6 g cm?3) in the UHP eclogites are higher than those of UHP orthopyroxenite (7.3–7.5 km s?1, 4.1–4.3 km s?1, 3.2–3.3 g cm?3, respectively) and HP eclogites (7.1–7.9 km s?1, 4.0–4.5 km s?1, 3.1–3.5 g cm?3, respectively). Kyanitites (with 99.5% kyanite) show extremely high velocities and density (9.37 km s?1, 5.437 km s?1, 3.581 g cm?3, respectively). The eclogites show variation of Vp‐ and Vs‐anisotropy up to 9.70% and 9.17%, respectively. Poisson’s ratio (σ) ranges from 0.218 to 0.278 (with a mean of 0.255) for eclogites, 0.281–0.298 for granulites and 0.248 to 0.255 for amphibolites. The σ values for serpentinite (0.341) and marble (0.321) are higher than for other lithologies. The elastic moduli K, G, E of kyanitite were obtained as 163, 102 and 253 GPa, respectively. The Vp and density of representative UHP metamorphic rocks (eclogite & kyanitite) were extrapolated to mantle depth (15 GPa) following a reasonable geotherm, and compared to the one dimension mantle velocity and density model. The comparison shows that Vp and density in eclogite and kyanitite are greater than those of the ambient mantle, with differences of up to ΔVp > 0.3 km s?1 and Δρ > 0.3–0.4 g cm?3, respectively. This result favours the density‐induced delamination model and also provides evidence in support of distinguishing subducted high velocity materials in the upper mantle by means of seismic tomography. Such ultra‐deep subduction and delamination processes have been recognized by seismic tomography and geochemical tracing in the postcollisional magmatism in the Dabie region.  相似文献   

4.
Vp and Vs values have been measured experimentally and calculated for granulite-facies lower crustal xenoliths from central Ireland close to the Caledonian Iapetus suture zone. The xenoliths are predominantly foliated and lineated metapelitic (garnet–sillimanite–K-feldspar) granulites. Their metapelitic composition is unusual compared with the mostly mafic composition of lower crustal xenoliths world-wide. Based on thermobarometry, the metapelitic xenoliths were entrained from depths of c. 20–25 ± 3.5 km and rare mafic granulites from depths of 31–33 ± 3.4 km. The xenoliths were emplaced during Lower Carboniferous volcanism and are considered to represent samples of the present day lower crust.Vp values for the metapelitic granulites range between 6.26 and 7.99 km s− 1 with a mean value of 7.09 ± 0.4 km s− 1. Psammite and granitic orthogneiss samples have calculated Vp values of 6.51 and 6.23 km s− 1, respectively. Vs values for the metapelites are between 3.86 and 4.34 km s− 1, with a mean value of 4.1 ± 0.15 km s− 1. The psammite and orthogneiss have calculated Vs values of 3.95 and 3.97 km s− 1, respectively.The measured seismic velocities correlate with density and with modal mineralogy, especially the high content of sillimanite and garnet. Vp anisotropy is between 0.15% and 13.97%, and a clear compositional control is evident, mainly in relation to sillimanite abundance. Overall Vs anisotropy ranges from 1% to 11%. Poisson's ratio (σ) lies between 0.25 and 0.35 for the metapelitic granulites, mainly reflecting a high Vp value due to abundant sillimanite in the sample with the highest σ. Anisotropy is probably a function of deformation associated with the closure of the Iapetus ocean in the Silurian as well as later extension in the Devonian. The orientation of the bulk strain ellipsoid in the lower crust is difficult to constrain, but lineation is likely to be NE–SW, given the strike-slip nature of the late Caledonian and subsequent Acadian deformation.When corrected for present-day lower crustal temperature, the experimentally determined Vp values correspond well with velocities from the ICSSP, COOLE I and VARNET seismic refraction lines. Near the xenolith localities, the COOLE I line displays two lower crustal layers with in situ Vp values of 6.85–6.9 and 6.9–8.0 km s− 1, respectively. The upper (lower velocity) layer corresponds well with the metapelitic granulite xenoliths while the lower (higher velocity) layer matches that of the basic granulite xenoliths, though their metamorphic pressures suggest derivation from depths corresponding to the present-day upper mantle.  相似文献   

5.
卢仁  梁涛 《中国地质》2018,45(1):95-109
韩沟二长花岗斑岩岩体位于崤山北部,其成因研究不仅可对崤山北部构造演化提供重要约束,而且可为区域找矿提供新思路。对韩沟岩体中黑云母二长花岗斑岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,20个测点的206Pb/238U年龄为142~147 Ma,加权平均年龄为(145.1±0.7)Ma。韩沟岩体具有高硅、富碱高钾、贫镁低钙的特征,属于富钾钙碱性花岗岩类(KCG)。韩沟岩体的稀土配分模式具有右倾、轻稀土富集及重稀土亏损的特征,(La/Yb)N范围为10.41~11.51,显示弱正Eu异常。韩沟岩体样品富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,在微量元素蛛网图上显示明显的Nb、Ta及Ti负异常。韩沟岩体具有高Sr、低Y和低Yb的特征,属于埃达克岩,Na_2O和K_2O含量表明其为C型埃达克岩。韩沟岩体是加厚大陆下地壳的部分熔融形成的,部分熔融源区的残余相矿物包括石榴石和金红石,且无(富钙)斜长石残留。崤山北部至少经历了~145 Ma和~130 Ma两次规模不等的岩石圈拆沉作用,韩沟岩体为~145Ma规模较小岩石圈拆沉作用的产物。韩沟岩体的形成时代与~145 Ma区域成岩成矿期相接近,在岩石圈拆沉作用这一灾变过程中,必然导致深部流体的大规模活动及其快速释放,表明韩沟岩体周缘及深部应具有较大的Au成矿潜力,其周缘11个Au矿床(点)就是最好的找矿证明。  相似文献   

6.
随着板块构造学说的兴起和发展,对大洋地区构造活动、地热及地壳-上地幔结构之间的关系已有了较为明确的认识。在大陆地区,由于其构造发展历史的复杂性,对这种关系的认识还远没有大洋区那样系统和清晰。但近二十年来,大陆地区各种地球物理资料的大量积累已为进行这种研究提供了较为坚实的基础。  相似文献   

7.
自然界中已发现的硫酸盐矿物主要是表生作用和热液后期的产物,均是在低温、低压条件下形成的。因此,对于硫酸盐化合物来说,由于其结晶条件相似,那么,各种离子(或离子团)在不同的硫酸盐化合物中是否占有大致相同的体积。  相似文献   

8.
The elastic properties of coexisting natural 3T and 2M 1 phengite samples (Cima Pal, Sesia Zone; Val Savenca; Western Alps, Italy) with similar chemical compositions have been studied by room temperature–high pressure powder diffraction, using synchrotron radiation on the ID9A beam-line at ESRF (Grenoble, France). The P–V curves have been modelled by the Birch–Murnaghan model; a third-order expansion fitted to the experimental data yields for 3T and 2M 1 K 0=60.4(±0.7) GPa, K′=5.79(±0.11) at V 0=703.8851 Å3, and K 0=57.3(±1.0) GPa, K′=6.97(±0.24) at V 0=938.8815 Å3, respectively. The relative stability of 3T vs. 2M 1 has been explored as a function of pressure and temperature in terms of configuration and deformation contributions to the Gibbs energy, using the elastic properties determined here and other thermodynamic parameters from earlier investigations. The results presented agree with the hypothesis of stability of the 3T polytype in the high pressure regime.  相似文献   

9.
During the magnetic storm of 21st March 1990, the DE-1 spacecraft encountered the auroral region at high invariant latitude at altitudes ranging from a few thousand kilometers in the ionosphere to many earth radii in the magnetosphere. The magnetic field perturbations interpretable as field aligned current (FAC) layers and the electrostatic turbulence possibly due to electrostatic ion acoustic instability driven by these currents are shown. The critical drift velocity of Hot Plasma Torus (HPT) electrons and the growth rate of ion acoustic wave as a function of electron to ion temperature ratio (T e/Ti) for low and high current densities and energy of HPT electrons are found out. The intense FAC destabilizes the ion acoustic wave and the resultant electrostatic turbulence creates an anomalous resistivity. The current driven resistivity produces parallel electric field and high power dissipation. The anomalous resistivityη, potential difference along the auroral field lines Vt|, intensity of electric field turbulenceE t| and power produced per unit volumeP are computed. It is found that the change in westward magnetic perturbation increasesJ t|, η, Vt|, Et| andP. Hence HPT electrons are heated and accelerated due to power dissipation during magnetically active periods in the auroral region. Concerning, applications, such HPT electrons can be used in particle accelerators like electron ring accelerator, smokatron etc.  相似文献   

10.
1 Introduction It has been understood in the study of terrestrial heat flow that the distribution of heat flow in the interior of continent is influenced by a large number of factors, involving heat sources (e.g. mantle heat flow, heat production of radioactive elements in the crust, magmatic activity, and heat production of tectonic deformation), heat transfercondition (e.g. thermal conductivity and thickness of media), groundwater circulation, etc. On the background of these factors it is pa…  相似文献   

11.
Ultrasonic longitudinal acoustic velocities in oxidized silicate liquids indicate that the pressure derivative of the partial-molar volume of Fe2O3 is the same in iron-rich alkali-, alkaline earth- and natural silicate melt compositions at 1 bar. The dV/dP for multicomponent silicate liquids can be expressed as a linear combination of partial-molar constants plus a positive excess term for Na2O−Al2O3 mixing. Partial-molar properties for FeO and Fe2O3 components allow extension of the empirical expression of Sack et al. (1980) to permit the calculation of Fe-redox equilibrium in a natural silicate liquid as a function of composition, temperature, fo2 and pressure; a more formal thermodynamic expression is presented in the Appendix. The predicted equilibrium fo2 of natural silicate melts, of fixed oxygen content, closely parallels that defined by the metastable assemblage fayalite+magnetite+β-quartz (FMQ), in pressure-temperature space. A silicate melt initially equilibrated at 3 GPa and FMQ, will remain within approximately 0.5 log10 units of FMQ during its closed-system ascent. Thus, for magmas closed to oxygen, iron-redox equilibrium in crystal-poor pristine glassy lavas represents an excellent probe of the relative oxidation state of their source regions.  相似文献   

12.
The partitioning of Sr between calcite, dolomite and liquids is essentially independent of temperature between 150° and 350° C. The partition coefficients corrected for number of cation sites are b calc=0.096 and b dol= 0.048 for 1 mol cations/6 mol H2O liquid. Upon dilution the partition coefficients increase, but their ratio stays constant at about 2∶1. This ratio is due to the fact that calcite has twice as many Ca-sites for Sr-substitution as dolomite. The 2∶1 relationship is also observed in natural calcite and dolomite which have undergone diagenesis. The temperature independence of partitioning is caused by the relatively small thermal expansion of calcite and dolomite. Thermal expansion between 25° and 400° C was found to follow the equations V calc=7.0·10−4 T(°C)+36.95 and V dol=6.9·10−4 T(°C)+32.24, V: cm3/mol. Therefore calcite and dolomite cannot serve as a temperature indicator. To have an ideal geothermometer a mineral pair with high and low thermal expansion is required. Literature date demonstrate that wurtzite, sphalerite, and galena are such minerals.  相似文献   

13.
A 3-D density model for the Cretan and Libyan Seas and Crete was developed by gravity modelling constrained by five 2-D seismic lines. Velocity values of these cross-sections were used to obtain the initial densities using the Nafe–Drake and Birch empirical functions for the sediments, the crust and the upper mantle. The crust outside the Cretan Arc is 18 to 24 km thick, including 10 to 14 km thick sediments. The crust below central Crete at its thickest section, has values between 32 and 34 km, consisting of continental crust of the Aegean microplate, which is thickened by the subducted oceanic plate below the Cretan Arc. The oceanic lithosphere is decoupled from the continental along a NW–SE striking front between eastern Crete and the Island of Kythera south of Peloponnese. It plunges steeply below the southern Aegean Sea and is probably associated with the present volcanic activity of the southern Aegean Sea in agreement with published seismological observations of intermediate seismicity. Low density and velocity upper mantle below the Cretan Sea with ρ  3.25 × 103 kg/m3 and Vp velocity of compressional waves around 7.7 km/s, which are also in agreement with observed high heat flow density values, point out at the mobilization of the upper mantle material here. Outside the Hellenic Arc the upper mantle density and velocity are ρ ≥ 3.32 × 103 kg/m3 and Vp = 8.0 km/s, respectively. The crust below the Cretan Sea is thin continental of 15 to 20 km thickness, including 3 to 4 km of sediments. Thick accumulations of sediments, located to the SSW and SSE of Crete, are separated by a block of continental crust extended for more than 100 km south of Central Crete. These deep sedimentary basins are located on the oceanic crust backstopped by the continental crust of the Aegean microplate. The stretched continental margin of Africa, north of Cyrenaica, and the abruptly terminated continental Aegean microplate south of Crete are separated by oceanic lithosphere of only 60 to 80 km width at their closest proximity. To the east and west, the areas are floored by oceanic lithosphere, which rapidly widens towards the Herodotus Abyssal plain and the deep Ionian Basin of the central Mediterranean Sea. Crustal shortening between the continental margins of the Aegean microplate and Cyrenaica of North Africa influence the deformation of the sediments of the Mediterranean Ridge that has been divided in an internal and external zone. The continental margin of Cyrenaica extends for more than 80 km to the north of the African coast in form of a huge ramp, while that of the Aegean microplate is abruptly truncated by very steep fractures towards the Mediterranean Ridge. Changes in the deformation style of the sediments express differences of the tectonic processes that control them. That is, subduction to the northeast and crustal subsidence to the south of Crete. Strike-slip movement between Crete and Libya is required by seismological observations.  相似文献   

14.
Kyzylkumite has been found in Cr-V-bearing metamorphic rocks of the Sludyanka Complex, Southern Baikal region; it has been identified by X-ray powder diffraction method. This is a late secondary mineral developed after Ti-V-oxides (schreyerite, berdesinskiite) and V-bearing rutile and titanite. Kyzylkumite represents a new structural type with composition Ti4V 2 3+ O10(OH)2 corresponding to octahedral coordination of Ti4+ and V3+. Its unit-cell dimensions are: a = 8.4787(1), b = 4.5624(1), c = 10.0330(1) Å, β = 93.174(1)°. The ideal formula of kyzylkumite Ti4V 2 3+ O10(OH)2 corresponds to composition, wt %: 65.56 TiO2, 30.75 V2O3, 3.69 H2O. Indeed, the contents (wt %) of these constituents range from 62 to 70 TiO2 and from 23 to 33 V2O3. Variations in contents and the Ti/V value are caused by partial substitution V3+ for V4+, isovalent substitutions Ti4+ and V3+ for V4+ and Cr3+, respectively, and coupled substitution V3+ + OH? ? Ti4+ + O2?. Smyslova et al. (1981)—the discovereres of kyzylkumite—assumed its composition to be the same as for schreyerite V 2 3+ Ti3O9 that principally different from kyzylkumite from the Sludyanka Complex. Therefore, re-examination of the kyzylkumite holotype or cotype from its type locality is needed.  相似文献   

15.
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16.
 Single crystals of synthetic vanadium-, chromium- and cobalt-bearing garnets, Pyr:V0.06, Pyr:V0.13, Pyr:Cr0.04, Pyr:Co0.10, and Gt:Co3.00, and a natural vanadium-bearing grossular, Gross:V0.07 (Cr3+ < 0.005), were studied by electronic absorption spectroscopy in the wavenumber range 35 000–5000 cm−1 under ambient conditions and at temperatures up to 600 K and pressures up to 8 GPa. The T and P behavior of the absorption band energies and intensities shows the following for the different transition metal-bearing garnets: Cr: The thermal expansion of chromium octahedra are similar to and the Racah parameter the same in synthetic Cr-doped pyrope, αpoly≅ 1.3 × 10−5 K−1, and in natural pyrope, αpoly≅ 1.5 × 10−5 K−1, and B=655 cm−1, respectively. Ca2+[8]-free garnets have a slightly stronger crystal field at the Y[6] site and, therefore, the energies of the two spin-allowed Cr3+ dd bands are ca. 300 cm−1 higher in Mg-pyrope than in natural Ca-bearing pyrope. Co: Increasing temperature causes only a small thermal expansion of the cobalt dodecahedra. Increasing pressure gives rise to appreciable compression, which is similar to that of the Fe2+-dodecahedra in almandine, where k=125 ± 25 GPa. T and P dependence of the Co band intensities may be caused by strong spin-orbit coupling. V: Occurs in at least two valence states and structural sites: (1) V3+ in octahedral sites gives rise to two spin-allowed bands, at 17 220 cm−1 and 24 600 cm−1, whose temperature dependence is typical for spin-allowed dd transitions in centrosymmetric sites. (2) V4+, which causes a set of dd absorption bands similar to those observed in the spectrum of V4+-doped Zr[SiO4]. The P behavior of the V absorption bands indicates an interaction between V3+ and V4+ species. Received: 27 June 2001 / Accepted: 19 December 2001  相似文献   

17.
In the present study, the modified Sverjensky–Molling equation, derived from a linear-free energy relationship, is used to predict the Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases of α-MOOH (with a goethite structure) and α-M2O3 (with a hematite structure) from the known thermodynamic properties of the corresponding aqueous trivalent cations (M3+). The modified equation is expressed as ΔG0f,MVX=aMVXΔG0n,M3++bMVX+βMVXγM3+, where the coefficients aMVX, bMVX, and βMVX characterize a particular structural family of MvX (M is a trivalent cation [M3+] and X represents the remainder of the composition of solid); γ3+ is the ionic radius of trivalent cations (M3+); ΔG0f,MVX is the standard Gibbs free energy of formation of MvX; and ΔG0n,M3+ is the non-solvation energy of trivalent cations (M3+). By fitting the equation to the known experimental thermodynamic data, the coefficients for the goethite family (α-MOOH) are aMVX=0.8838, bMVX=?424.4431 (kcal/mol), and βMVX=115 (kcal/mol.?), while the coefficients for the hematite family (α-M2O3) are aMVX=1.7468, bMVX=?814.9573 (kcal/mol), and βMVX=278 (kcal/mol.?). The constrained relationship can be used to predict the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of crystalline phases and fictive phases (i.e. phases that are thermodynamically unstable and do not occur at standard conditions) within the isostructural families of goethite (α-MOOH) and hematite (α-M2O3) if the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of the trivalent cations are known.  相似文献   

18.
Present study addresses the role of major plate-driving forces, particularly the slab pull and slab resistive forces, for the generation of 26 December 2004 M w > 9.0 off Sumatra megathrust earthquake. Major controls on the plate-driving forces are normally visualized through age, speed, and average dip of the slab during subduction. Wide variation in age, plate obliquity, stress obliquity, subduction rate, dip angle, and flexing depth of the subducting oceanic lithosphere between Andaman and Sumatra thus allowed us for quantitative evaluation of the slab pull (F SP) and slab resistive (F SR) forces in three well-defined sectors (I, II and III). Computed values of these forces in the three sectors: (1) F SP = 1.29 × 1013 N/m, F SR = 1.41 × 1013 N/m; sector I, (2) F SP = 2.10 × 1013 N/m, F SR = 1.13 × 1013 N/m; sector II, and (3) F SP = 2.08 × 1013 N/m, F SR = 2.72 × 1013 N/m; sector III clearly suggest a spatial variation of stress regime in the subducting oceanic lithosphere. Excess F SR in sectors I and III are interpreted as the causative forces behind the triggering of major seismic energy bursts near Sumatra and Andaman on 26 December 2004. A gap of minimum seismic energy burst near Great Nicobar possibly was controlled by the excess of F SP in sector II. This study further advocates that the cyclic stress, resulted from unbalanced component of slab resistive force, had a definite control on the occurrence of 2004 off Sumatra megathrust earthquake around the flexing zone of the subducting lithosphere.  相似文献   

19.
The Latur earthquake (Mw 6.1) of 29 September 1993 is a rare stable continental region (SCR) earthquake that occurred on a previously unknown blind fault. In this study, we determined detailed three-dimensional (3-D) P- and S-wave velocity (Vp, Vs) and Poisson's ratio (σ) structures by inverting the first P- and S-wave high-quality arrival time data from 142 aftershocks that were recorded by a network of temporary seismic stations. The source zone of the Latur earthquake shows strong lateral heterogeneities in Vp, Vs and σ structures, extending in a volume of about 90 × 90 × 15 km3. The mainshock occurred within, but near the boundary, of a low-Vp, high-Vs and low-σ zone. This suggests that the structural asperities at the mainshock hypocenter are associated with a partially fluid-saturated fractured rock in a previously unknown source zone with intersecting fault surfaces. This might have triggered the 1993 Latur mainshock and its aftershock sequence. Our results are in good agreement with other geophysical studies that suggest high conductivity and high concentration of radiogenic helium gas beneath the source zone of the Latur earthquake. Our study provides an additional evidence for the presence of fluid related anomaly at the hidden source zone of the Latur earthquake in the SCR and helps us understand the genesis of damaging earthquakes in the SCR of the world.  相似文献   

20.
Potentiometric measurements were performed in the Cd(NO3)2-KCl-H2O system at 25°C and 1–1000 bar using an isothermal cell with a liquid junction and equipped with a solid contact Cd-selective electrode. At 1 bar, the stepwise equilibrium constant of the fourth cadmium chloride complex CdCl42− has been determined (log K40 = −0.88 ± 0.25). The pressure-dependent stability constants for all cadmium chloride complexes have been experimentally established for the first time. As pressure increases from 1 to 1000 bar, the stability constants for the first, third, and fourth complexes change by less than 0.05 logarithmic units, whereas that for the second complex decreases by 0.33 logarithmic units. On the basis of these data, the partial molar volumes of four cadmium chloride complexes have been determined under standard state conditions: V 0(CdCl+) = 2.20 ± 3, V 0(CdCl2 (aq)) = 42.21 ± 5, V 0(CdCl3−) = 63.47 ± 10, and V 0(CdCl42−) = 81.35 ± 15 cm3mol−1. The linear correlation between the nonsolvation contributions of molar volumes and the number of ligands corresponds to the change in coordination from octahedral in Cd2+ and CdCl+ to tetrahedral in CdCl2 (aq), CdCl3−, and CdCl42− complexes. Using theoretical correlations, the HKF parameters allowing calculation of the volumetric properties of cadmium chloride complexes in a wide range of temperature and pressure have been obtained. The pressure effect on cadmium concentration in sphalerite in equilibrium with the H2O-NaCl hydrothermal fluid has been estimated. It is shown that the Cd content in sphalerite increases with pressure.  相似文献   

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