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1.
《山地科学学报》2020,17(1):203-215
Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015; we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir; finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution; thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.  相似文献   

2.
The abandonment of cultivated land in southern China was gradually obvious. This research aims to provide a reference for solving the abandonment of cultivated land in hilly regions and promote rural development in China. We examined Longnan county located in the hilly regions of southern China as an example, where abandoned cultivated land is very common. We analyzed its land use data with a field survey to identify the abandoned cultivated land and geospatial characteristics. From the two aspe...  相似文献   

3.
Spatiotemporal evolution of urban land uses in modern urbanization of China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Taking social statistic data as basic data,this paper extended the meaning of urban land uses,highlighted the meaning of urban land uses in modern urbanization,which includes direct,indirect and induced land uses,quantitatively simulated the indirect and induced land uses by the substitution method of agricultural consumption and urban carbon emission and then,analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of urban land uses in China during 1952–2005 by spatial analysis tool of Geographic Information System. The results indicate that the area of urban land use in China had been increasing since 1952,showing an inversed pyramid structure,i.e.,the directthe indirectthe induced. Specifically,Chinese urban land use has changed from concentrated distribution in Northwest China to balanced spatial distribution,and the eastern coastal area is under great pressure. Moreover,the northeastern region has moved into the induced dominant stage,while the western region remains at the indirect dominant stage. Finally,it is proposed that in order to guarantee the future demand of urban land use in China,ensuring the induced land use in the eastern region should be taken as a priority goal of Chinese developing policy.  相似文献   

4.
The economic development in China and the rising of the living standard need to speed up the urbanisa-tion.The development of small towns is an important way to Chinese urbanization.Land use plays a very important role in the development of small towns.However there are many problems in the development of small towns,esp.in land use.The paper first discusses the land problems in the development of small towns.Such as much cultivated land lies idle,under-utilization and waste of land,increasing illegal use of land,unstable contractural relationship for land use.The relationship between the development of small towns and land use is also studied.Then the guidelines for the land system innovations of small towns are put forward.Namely the sustainability of social and economic development,the bal-ance between land reservation and land utilization,the provision of service to village ,agriculture and farmer,the manage-ment of land resource and land assets,the parsimonious andlegal use of land.The basic framework of land system innova-tions of small towns is put forward finally.It include the land replacement policy for small towns and the permanent tenan-cy of farmland,the overall plan for land uses and other plans in harmony,the establishment of a flexible system of land supplies,using land with payments ,the transfer of agricultural land and refining the land law related to the construction of small towns.  相似文献   

5.
The conflicts among food security, economic development and ecological protection are the “sticking point” of undeveloped southwestern mountainous areas of China. The objectives of this study are to identify appropriate inte- grated indicators influencing the classification and gradation of cultivated land quality in the southwestern mountainous area of China based on semi-structure interview, and to promote the monitoring of cultivated land quality in this region. Taking Bishan County of Chongqing as a study case, the integrated indicators involve the productivity, protection, ac- ceptability, and stability of cultivated land. The integrated indicators accord with the characteristics of land resources and human preference in southwestern mountainous area of China. In different agricultural zones, we emphasize different indicators, such as emphasizing productivity, stabilization and acceptability in low hilly and plain agricultural integrative zone (LHP-AIZ), protection, productivity and stability in low mountain and hill agro-forestry ecological zone (LMH-AEZ), and acceptability in plain outskirts integrative agricultural zone (PO-IAZ), respectively. The pronounced difference of classification and gradation of cultivated land, regardless of inter-region or intra-region, is observed, with the reducible rank from PO-IAZ, LHP-AIZ to LMH-AEZ. Research results accord with the characteristics of assets management and intensive utilization of cultivated land resources in the southwestern mountainous area of China. Semi-structure interview adequately presents the principal agent of farmers in agricultural land use and rural land market. This method is very effective and feasible to obtain data of the quality of cultivated land in the southwestern mountainous area of China.  相似文献   

6.
Soil erosion becomes a serious environmental problem in the world, especially in western China. An effective management practice called the Grain for Green Program （GGP）, which was launched in 1999, aims to reduce soil and water loss and alleviate the ecological environment problem in western China. Two typical counties in western China, the Zhongxian （in Chongqing Municipality） and Ansai （in Shaanxi Province） were chosen to evaluate the dynamic changes of land use and agricultural production structure before and after the implementation of the Program in this paper. The results showed that the cultivated land area was reduced by 7.08% from 1989 to 2003. The cultivated land per person was decreased by 8.42% during 1999-2003. Moreover, the stability index of the secondary sector of the economy was increased from 0.91 in the period 1990-1999 to 0.94 in the following ten years. In addition, the stability index of tertiary economic sector increased from 0.88 to 0.92 in Zhongxian county. Meanwhile, the cultivated land area was reduced by 15.48% from 1990 to 1999. The soil erosion modulus was decreased by 33.33% from 1999 to 2006. Also, the stability index of secondary and tertiary economic sectors was 0.86 in the period 1998-2002. However, it decreased by 77% during 2002 to 2007 in Ansai County. These results imply that the Grain for Green Program had different impact on the two regions. Several effective strategies of soil and water conservation have been carried out to ameliorate the sustainable development of ecological environment and economy in these two counties of western China.  相似文献   

7.
While urbanization has accelerated, the rural population in China has started decreasing in recent years. However, the expan- sion of rural settlement has not been sufficiently curbed. The questions of why this has happened and who has driven the land-use change （LUC） of rural settlement in China have aroused great interests among researchers. In this paper, it is suggested that population is not always a positive driving force for the LUC of rural settlement in China. Furthermore, socio-economic driving forces other than urbanization, population and industrialization are analyzed. On a national scale, the major driving forces are the per-capita rural housing area and the cultivated land area. On a regional scale, the main driving forces in the eastern China are the house-building capacity of rural households and the per-capita rural housing area; while in the central China, the main driving forces are rural housing investment, the proportion of primary industry employees in the rural working population, and the cultivated land area. For the western China, the main driving forces are rural register population and cultivated land area.  相似文献   

8.
Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978, the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China had led to dramatic changes in the pattern of urban-rural land use. In this paper, we focused on the rural industrialized areas in central China(Xinxiang County and Changyuan City of Henan Province). We used the average nearest neighbor index, spatial statistical analysis, and a structural equation model to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban-rural constr...  相似文献   

9.
The land use patterns in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, have changed greatly over the years, due to population growth and farming and stock raising development. This study, using 50-year statistical data of cultivated land and 14-year spatial data of land use pattern, analyzed the developmental stages, the character, and the spatial variance of farmland in the city, and discussed the driving forces of cultivated land changes based on empirical and conceptual statistical models. First, the change of cultivated land area went through different stages of rapid increase, fluctuating change, decrease and rapid decrease from 1949 to 2004, additionally, social and economic policies in different stages had an important impact on farmland variance. Second, from 1986 to 2000, the quantity of cultivated land increased, but its quality decreased. Third, social and economic factors are determinant factors in cultivated land transition. Five constructed paths explain cultivated land transition. Factors that have direct or indirect effects on farmland include the economy （Xeco）, the population （Xpop）, agricultural output （Xagr）, and scientific input （Xsci）. The sequence of impact was Xeco〉Xpop〉Xsci〉Xagr. Among all these impacts, Xeco was the major positive one, and Xpop was the major negative one. It is urgent to take measures or adopt a policy to stop the vicious cycle in eco-environment and agriculture production. Otherwise, negative patterns of farmland use will increase, and high-quality cultivated land will continue to decline.  相似文献   

10.
Land change science （LCS） strives to understand and model land-use change, which will further advance the understanding of multiple issues in the socio-ecological systems. Based on GIS/RS techniques, autologistic model, and household survey method, this study investigated major land use changes and their causes from 1978 to 2008 in Uxin Banner （county-level）, Inner Mongolia in China and then developed an understanding of the relationships between household livelihood and land-use pattern. Results showed that cultivated land increased from 1988 to 2000, and leveled offafter 2000. Built-up land increased stably for the period 1978 2008. The change of grassland and bare land differed among the three periods. From 1978 to 1988, grassland increased by 23.3%, and bare land decreased by 20.48%. From 1988 to 2000, bare land expanded by 1.7%, but grassland declined by 1.3%. From 2000 to 2008, an increase in grassland area by 1.8% was observed, but a decrease in bare land area by 9.0% was witnessed. The autologistic models performed better than logistic models as indicated by lower Akaike Information Criterion （AIC） values. Factors associated with human activities significantly correlated with the change of cultivated land, forest land, grassland, and built-up land. The produce prices and extensive cultivated land use are major issues in the farming area. This study suggests that completing land circulation systems and maintaining the stability of price are effective solutions. By contrast, reclamation and overgrazing are major concerns in the pastoral areas. Implementing environmental policies effectively, transferring population out of rural pastoral areas, and developing modem animal husbandry are effective ways to address these issues.  相似文献   

11.
This paper principally focuses on land use dynamics,urban expansion and underlying driving forces in the Natural Wetland Distribution Area(NWDA)of Fuzhou City in the southeastern China.Based on time series Landsat TM/ETM+imageries and historical data,relationships between urban land expansion and its influencing factors from 1989 to 2009 were analyzed by using an integrated approach of remote sensing(RS)and geographic information system(GIS)techniques.The results showed that built-up land increased from 151.16 km2in 1989 to 383.76 km 2in 2009. Approximately 64.25%of the newly emerging built-up land was converted from cropland(29.47%),forest and shrub (25.78%),water(3.73%),wetland(4.61%),and bare land(0.66%)during 1989 and 2009.With a remarkable decrease in cropland,the proportion of non-agricultural population increased by 23.6%.Moreover,rapid development of infrastructures,facilities,industrial parks,and urban and rural settlements along the Minjiang River resulted in the eastward and southward expansion of built-up land.Additionally,the growth pattern of built-up land in the NWDA is highly correlated with socio-economic factors,including the gross domestic product(GDP),GDP per capita,and structure of industry.As a result,the observed environmental degradation such as loss of cropland and wetland due to heavy pressure of rapid urbanization have greatly impaired the carrying capacity of city.Thus,in addition to scientific and rational policies towards minimizing the adverse effects of urbanization,coordination between the administrative agencies should be urgently strengthened to balance the conflicts between urban development and ecological conservation to make sure the sustainable land use.  相似文献   

12.
近三十年来昆明市建成区扩展遥感监测与分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
以遥感影像为数据源,借助GIS技术提取了6个时期的昆明市建成区扩展及对周边土地占用的信息.在此基础上,利用扩展弹性系数、分形维数等方法分析了昆明市1974～2004年建成区扩展的时空特征、土地利用类型演变过程,以及与人口增长之间的协调关系,并应用相关分析和主成分分析方法,对影响昆明市建成区扩展的社会经济因素进行分析.结果表明:30年来昆明市建成区扩展了3.07倍,1974～1988年的14年间,仅增加了13.36km2,而1988～2004年的16年,增加了144.07km2.其增长速度与市区人口增长速度相比,有时超前有时滞后.建成区是以老城区为核心沿东北、西南、东南三个方向呈“星形”扩展.其扩展占用的土地主要是耕地.自然因素对建成区的扩展形态起着限制作用,社会经济因素是建成区扩展的内在推动力,政策和规划对建成区扩展起着引导和促进作用.  相似文献   

13.
随着世界经济的发展,全球城镇化进程正在以前所未有的速度进行。城镇化带来的耕地占用、生态环境破坏、水资源短缺等问题日益受到关注。快速获取和共享城镇变化信息对于人地关系研究及可持续发展意义重大。借助遥感手段监测城镇变化信息,已经普遍得到应用,目前,多光谱遥感数据是最经济和可行的遥感监测数据源。本文基于多光谱卫星数据,有效利用城镇地区特有的地物光谱特征,建立不同类别城镇信息的提取模式和技术流程。这些可以通过多光谱遥感数据提取的信息包括城镇建成区、水体和绿地等。选择我国东部沿海区域内城镇化进程明显的江苏盐城主城区作为试验点,基于地物光谱特征分析,依据本文建立的城镇化信息提取流程,采用阈值分析和二值化处理方法,实现了盐城市亭湖区主要城镇区2000、2002、2006年三期城镇信息快速提取,使在更大范围内,促进此类信息的快速获取和共享,具有现实意义。  相似文献   

14.
1IN TR O D U CTIO N Land isthemost essentiaplhysicalresource asnd mate- rialbasisforpeople'slif e(LIU,1996).Land use/cover change(LUCC ) isa key aspectofglobalenvironment change, andindicatetsheinfluencoefhuman activiti on physicaelnvironment.As we allkno…  相似文献   

15.
城市空间扩展是衡量城市化进程的重要指标。本文以闽南金三角地区的福建省漳州市主城区作为研究区,选取2000、2006和2013年的Landsat遥感影像,利用IBI建筑指数分别提取了3个年份的建筑用地信息,然后对其变化进行GIS分析。结果表明,13 a间漳州市主城区面积净增13.69 km2,净增面积为2000年的66.9%。主城区主要沿交通主干道往西北方向呈带状和面状扩展。缓冲区分析表明,道路对主城区扩展起到很大的引导和促进作用。综合社会经济数据可知,主城区的城市扩展历程与第二产业的发展密切相关,属工业导向型的城市扩展模式。另外,城市人口的增加也起到了一定的促进作用,不同区位人口增长速率的差异,对城市扩展的方向也产生了一定的引导作用。  相似文献   

16.
山西省土地覆盖时空变化特征及其驱动因子分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
以遥感与GIS为技术支撑,对山西省20世纪80年代到2005年的土地覆盖进行了动态监测,并分析了土地覆盖的变化特征及其驱动因子;监测表明,山西省土地覆盖时空变化特征:(1)变化数量:城镇建设用地和农村聚落面积增加显著,草地有所增加;旱地和水浇地减少明显,森林和河湖滩地略有减少。(2)变化速度:城镇建设用地增速迅猛,沼泽和农村聚落面积增速较快;河湖滩地减少速度最快,其次,是旱地和水浇地减少速度较快。(3)空间转换:以农田和聚落之间的转换为主,另外城镇建设用地的增加包括其扩展融入的农村聚落等;典型草地的增加主要来自旱地;灌丛减少主要是转变成典型草地,其次是转变成灌丛草地;河湖滩地减少主要是变为内陆水体,再是转变成水浇地。驱动力分析表明,区域自然因素相对稳定,对土地覆盖变化的影响较小,人口、经济、农业结构调整、政策和交通等是山西省土地覆盖变化的主要驱动力。山西省土地覆盖变化的总体特征与区域经济发展、产业布局及其工业化、城市化演变的特征基本一致。  相似文献   

17.
Change of Cultivated Land and Its Implications on Food Security in China   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
1 Introduction FAO defined food security not only in terms of access to and availability of food, but also in terms of resources distribution to produce food and the purchasing power on food where it is not produced (Shi et al., 1996; Ning, 2004). Obviously, to guarantee everyone adequate food is the primary aim and most important content of food security (Xie et al., 1999). Thus, to increase food supply is a precondition for food security by domestic food production and international food t…  相似文献   

18.
Sri Lanka is experiencing speedy urbanization by converting the agriculture land and other natural land cover into built-up land. The urban population of Sri Lanka is expected to reach to 60% by 2030 from 14% in 2010. The rapid growth in urban population and urban areas in Sri Lanka may cause serious socioeconomic disparities, if they are not handled properly. Thus, planners in Sri Lanka are in need of information about past and future urban growth patterns to plan a better and sustainable urban future for Sri Lanka. In this paper, we analyzed the characteristics of past land use and land cover trends in Matara City of Sri Lanka from 1980 to 2010 to assess the historic urban dynamics. The land use change detection analysis based on remote sensing datasets reveal that the conversion of homestead/ garden and paddy into urban land is evident in Matara City. The historic urban trends are projected into the near future by using SLEUTH urban growth model to identify the hot spots of future urbanization and as well as the urban growth patterns in Matara City up to the basic administrative level, i.e., Grama Niladari Divisions (GND). The urban growth simulations for the year 2030 reveal that 29 GNDs out of 66 GNDs in Matara City will be totally converted into urban land. Whereas, 28 GNDs will have urban land cover from 75% to 99% by 2030. The urban growth simulations are further analyzed with respect to the proposed Matara city development plan by the Urban Development Authority (UDA) of Sri Lanka. The results show that the UDA’s city development plan of Matara will soon be outpaced by rapid urbanization. Based on the calibration and validation results, the SLEUTH model proved to be a useful planning tool to understand the near future urbanization of Sri Lankan cities.  相似文献   

19.
Food safety and its related influencing factors in China are the hot research topics currently, and cultivated land conversion is one of the significant factors influencing food safety in China. Taking the North China Plain as the study area, this paper examines the changes of cultivated land area using satellite images, estimates land productivity from 1985 to 2005 using the model of Estimation System for Land Productivity (ESLP), and analyzes the impact of cultivated land conversion on the land production. Compared with the grain yield data from statistical yearbooks, the results indicate that ESLP model is an effective tool for estimating land productivity. Land productivity in the North China Plain showed a slight decreasing trend from 1985 to 2005, spatially, increased from the north to the south gradually, and the net changes varied in different areas. Cultivated land area recorded a marginal decrease of 8.0 × 105 ha, mainly converted to other land uses. Cultivated land conversion had more significant negative impacts on land production than land productivity did. Land production decreased by about 6.48 × 106 t caused by cultivated land conversion between 1985 and 2005, accounting for 91.9% of the total land production reduction. Although the land productivity increased in Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, it can not offset the overall adverse effects caused by cultivated land conversion. Therefore, there are significant meanings to control the cultivated land conversion and improve the land productivity for ensuring the land production in the North China Plain.  相似文献   

20.
长江三角洲土地资源遥感动态分析   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  
对土地资源需求的增长与有限的土地资源量之间的矛盾 ,是长江三角洲区域经济持续发展的主要矛盾之一。随着长江三角洲区域经济的快速发展 ,城市化、工业化进程加快 ,土地资源在高强度的开发中发生快速变化。在经济发展的同时 ,人与土地资源的矛盾更加尖锐 ,成为当前制约国民经济持续、协调发展的重要因素。长江三角洲地区是我国经济高度发达的地区之一 ,也是我国历史上少有的大面积粮食高产、稳产区。本文在利用遥感和 GIS技术对 1985～ 2 0 0 0年间全区土地资源进行动态分析 ,特别是在对耕地资源数量的定量分析基础上 ,结合区域土地资源的结构变化特点 ,深入研究其时空过程及动态变化规律 ,探索长江三角洲地区耕地动态平衡的措施与土地资源合理利用的对策 ,为区域农业持续发展服务。  相似文献   

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