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1.
在水平-垂直加筋体系研究的基础上,对单向土工格栅设置了加强肋,使其具备立体加筋效果。通过大量的拉拔试验,研究了带加强肋土工格栅加筋的筋-土界面特性。通过对汇总得到的36组拉拔试验数据进行分析,探讨了肋间距与肋厚对极限拉拔阻力的影响情况。试验结果表明：在相同法向应力作用下,带加强肋土工格栅的极限拉拔阻力明显高于普通土工格栅,其极限拉拔阻力随着加强肋肋厚的增加而显著增加,并随着加强肋肋距的增加而逐渐减小。在试验基础上,进一步分析了带加强肋土工格栅与砂土的相互作用机制,探讨了极限拉拔阻力的影响因素,建立了拉拔阻力理论公式,并将试验结果与理论值比较,二者基本吻合。 相似文献
2.
在-25～ 25 ℃环境温度条件下, 采用水中冻融和空气中冻融两种方式, 经过50次冻融循环后, 在15 ℃、 0 ℃、 -10 ℃、 -20 ℃和-35 ℃工况下对土工格栅试样进行了拉伸性能的试验研究, 获得了聚乙烯塑料土工格栅的极限承载力、最大延伸率、 不同延伸率对应的应力值等数据. 试验结果表明, 聚乙烯塑料土工格栅在低温时抗拉性能明显提高, 从 15 ℃降至-35 ℃时, 5%延伸率对应的抗拉强度提高107%, 极限承载力提高19%. 同时, 聚乙烯塑料土工格栅极限延伸率随温度降低呈线形关系降低, 从 15 ℃降至-35 ℃时, 极限延伸率降低80%. 相似文献
3.
针对冲切破坏模式下溶洞顶板极限承载力问题,进行了不同顶板厚度以及不同荷载偏心距下溶洞顶板极限承载力室内试验研究,依据试验结果将偏心荷载作用下的溶洞冲切破坏假定为轴对称问题,引入Griffith强度准则,基于极限分析上限法,提出了一种适用于轴对称和偏心荷载作用下溶洞顶底板极限承载力的计算方法,并给出了能发生冲切破坏范围的估算方法。试验结果表明：在同一偏心距下,随着顶板厚度的增加,在达到基岩极限承载力之前,顶板极限承载力呈线性增长;当顶板厚度一定时,顶板极限承载力随着偏心距的增加呈非线性增长,偏心距e在能发生冲切破坏的范围之外时趋于平缓,并逐渐达到基岩极限承载力;理论计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
4.
土工格栅加筋能够有效改善锚板的抗拔承载力,然而锚板在上拔过程中的破坏机制及其影响因素尚需进一步研究。针对砂土中水平锚板的抗拔特性,开展了多组锚板上拔试验,分析了砂土密实度、锚板埋深、土工格栅布设层数和位置等因素的影响,结合粒子图像测速（particle image velocimetry,简称PIV）技术探究了锚板周边土体的变形破坏机制。研究结果表明：单层接触式格栅加筋对锚板的抗拔承载力有明显的提升,且其对土体性能的改善优于非接触式格栅加筋情况,其原因与土工格栅变形量和上覆土体重力有关;当采用双层土工格栅加筋时,下层格栅可充分发挥限制土体侧向变形和均化应力分布的作用,上层格栅相对而言贡献不大;采用土工格栅加筋后,锚-土界面附近土体的变形模式发生了明显的变化,其破坏面相比未加筋前向内侧收敛,且剪应变分布更为均匀。 相似文献
5.
无加筋、加筋砂土蠕变特征的有限元分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
根据分级加载条件下的蠕变试验,分析研究了无加筋砂土和土工格栅加筋砂土的蠕变特征,发现蠕变变形与分级加载时的应力水平、初始蠕变应变速率有很大关系,且蠕变后以恒定应变速率重新加载时呈现出刚度很大、近似弹性的行为。针对无加筋砂土和土工格栅加筋砂土提出一种弹黏塑性有限元计算方法。有限元计算过程中,砂土和土工格栅均采用统一的3要素弹黏塑性本构模型。该方法能够对含多个蠕变段的恒定应变速率加载全过程进行模拟。通过试验结果与有限元计算结果的比较,表明所提出的弹黏塑性有限元计算方法能较好地模拟无加筋砂土和土工格栅加筋砂土的蠕变特征,特别是蠕变后重新加载时的刚度很大、近似弹性的行为。 相似文献
6.
为了研究土工格栅加筋砂土地基在动力荷载作用下的受力变形特性,利用自行设计的300 cm×160 cm×200 cm（长×宽×高）大比例地基模型试验装置,分别针对纯砂地基、土工格栅加筋地基进行了静动荷载破坏试验。分析地基承载力及基础沉降、地基土压力、动力加速度响应、土工格栅应变等参数变化规律,揭示了动力荷载作用下加筋砂土地基的承载力和变形特征,并对比分析静、动荷载对加筋地基承载性能的影响。试验结果表明,与纯砂地基相比,格栅单层加筋地基的承载力提高1.12倍,地基基础中轴线处沉降量减少24%,加筋土体的抗变形能力得到很大提高;加筋作用改变了地基的破坏模式,动载作用下纯砂地基为冲剪破坏而加筋地基为整体剪切破坏;筋材的存在对地基土压力及加速度峰值分别有明显的扩散作用和衰减作用,可有效降低在动力载荷下筋土的瞬态变形。 相似文献
7.
8.
土工格栅加筋土地基平板载荷试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在近年来的岩土工程实践中,土工合成材料加筋土技术得到越来越广泛的应用。采用平板载荷板试验方法,进行了多组加筋砂土地基模型试验,监测和分析了不同加筋材料（双向格栅与四向格栅）和加筋层数对土工格栅加筋土地基承载特性的影响。研究结果表明：土工格栅加筋土地基与无筋地基相比,承载性能得到改善,双层加筋明显优于单层加筋;土工格栅加筋限制了浅层地基的侧向变形,相同荷载下地基沉降减小,可恢复变形增大;模型试验中测得加筋材料应变和拉力很小,与土工格栅强度相比,拉伸模量对加筋土地基承载力的贡献更大。 相似文献
9.
土工合成材料与土工合成材料加筋砂土的相关特性 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
目前土工合成材料加筋的理论研究明显落后于工程实践。为了指导土工合成材料的优选和研究加筋机理,以5种国产土工合成材料为加筋材料,它们分别是针刺无纺土工织物、涤纶纤维经编土工格栅、玻璃纤维经编土工格栅、双向塑料拉伸土工格栅和土工网,系统进行三轴压缩试验以比较各种土工合成材料对砂土的加筋效果。试验结果表明：（1）各种土工合成材料加筋砂土的抗剪强度和应力应变特性不同;（2）无纺土工织物适合用于允许大变形的加筋土工程,涤纶纤维经编土工格栅和塑料拉伸土工格栅均适合用于对变形有较严格要求的加筋土工程,玻璃纤维经编土工格栅适合用于对变形有严格限制的加筋工程,设计时需要较大的安全系数,土工网适用低等级的加筋土工程;（3）砂土对各种土工合成材料侧向收缩的约束作用差异显著。 相似文献
10.
剪切速率和材料特性对筋-土界面抗剪强度的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土工合成材料与填料之间的界面强度参数是加筋-土工程设计的关键技术指标,筋-土界面的直剪试验和拉拔试验在界面剪切特性试验研究中应用最为广泛。利用土工格栅、土工织物与砂土的直剪试验和拉拔试验,研究了剪切速率和筋材性质对筋-土界面强度的影响。研究结果表明,当剪切速率不超过一定界限（如7.0 mm/min）时,其对直剪试验结果的影响可以忽略;筋-土界面强度受加筋材料及砂土特性的影响,双向聚丙烯土工格栅和土工织物与砂土之间的内摩擦角与纯砂接近,界面强度较高,而玻纤格栅因其延伸率低和网格尺寸较小,与砂土的界面强度比较低。 相似文献
11.
Bearing capacity of strip foundation on geogrid-reinforced sand 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. C. Shin B. M. Das E. S. Lee C. Atalar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2002,20(2):169-180
Results of small-scale laboratory model tests to determine the ultimate bearing capacity of a strip foundation supported by sand with multiple layers of geogrid reinforcement are presented. Tests were conducted with only one type of geogrid and a sand compacted to one relative density. The embedment ratio of the foundation was varied from zero to 0.6. It is found that, for the given reinforcement-depth ratio, the bearing capacity ratio with respect to ultimate load increases with embedment. The relationship between the bearing capacity ratio at ultimate load and at limited levels of settlement (less than or equal to 5% of foundation width) is also presented. The bearing capacity ratio at limited levels of settlement is smaller than the value at ultimate load. 相似文献
12.
The effects of foundation width on model tests for the bearing capacity of sand with geogrid reinforcement 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Summary Laboratory model test results for the ultimate bearing capacity of surface strip foundations on geogrid-reinforced sand and
unreinforced sand are presented. A fine uniform sand and one type of geogrid (Tensar BX1000(SSO)) were used for the tests.
The width of the foundation and the relative density of sand were varied to determine their effects on the bearing capacity
ratio. It was found that the bearing capacity ratio of the sand-geogrid system decreased with an increase in foundation width.
However, above a certain foundation width (130–140 mm) a practically constant value of bearing capacity ratio was observed. 相似文献
13.
Onshore and offshore oil spills contaminate soil. In addition to environmental concerns for ground water pollution and other possible effects, the geotechnical properties of the contaminated soil such as the shear strength and the hydraulic conductivity are also altered. This note is a report of research in progress to evaluate the variation of the shear strength of a sand contaminated by a crude oil and thus the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations. The limited results of the tests reported here relate to only one type of sand and one crude oil. The oil content was varied from zero to 4.2%. Results of direct shear tests for determining the soil friction angle are given. Along with these, laboratory model test results for the ultimate bearing capacity of a surface strip foundation supported by crude oil-contaminated sand are also presented. Based on these test results, the effect of oil contamination in drastically reducing the bearing capacity is discussed. 相似文献
14.
This paper presents the method proposed to calculate the bearing capacity of a square footing under oblique and eccentric oblique loading condition (satisfying both shear failure and settlement criteria) resting on fiber reinforced sand layer underlain by sand with geosynthetic/fabric sheet at the interface. Large direct shear tests were carried out to investigate the shear strength parameters of sand and randomly distributed fiber reinforced sand (RDFS) and soil-plastic fabric sheet bond. The ultimate bearing capacity of RDFS was determined using direct shear results. Non-dimensional charts proposed by Kumar (Behaviour of eccentrically–obliquely loaded footing on reinforced earth slab. Ph.D. thesis, University of Roorkee, Roorkee, India, 2002) were used to consider the contribution of plastic fabric sheet in increasing the bearing capacity. Also, for calculating the settlement, horizontal deformation and tilt at a given pressure the regression analysis of plate load test data have been carried out. The predicted values of ultimate bearing capacity, settlement, horizontal deformation and tilt are compared with the experimental values which are in good agreement with each other. There appeared to be an increase in the residual shear strength and angle of internal friction of RDFS. 相似文献
15.
To obtain rigorous upper-bound solutions for the bearing capacity of strip footings subjected to combined loadings, a new collapse mechanism consisting of three rigid blocks undergoing impending rotational or translational movements is proposed. The proposed mechanism improves the efficiency of the previously-developed rigid block mechanisms to account for eccentric loading condition in restricted bearing capacity problems. The comparisons show a good agreement between the results obtained using the present method and those of the known solutions. The effectiveness of the proposed mechanism was examined through investigating the bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded strip footings over thin layer foundation soils. 相似文献
16.
This paper presents results of meticulous laboratory testing and numerical simulations on the effect of reinforcement on the
low-strain stiffness and bearing capacity of shallow foundations on dry sand. The effect of the location and the number of
reinforcement layers is studied in the laboratory, whereas numerical simulations are used to study the reinforcement-foundation
interaction. Laboratory tests show an increase of 100, 200, and 275% not only in bearing capacity but also in low-strain stiffness
(linear load–displacement behaviour) of a square foundation when one, two, and three layers of reinforcement are used, respectively.
The specimen preparation technique is found to be crucial for the repeatability and reliability of the laboratory results
(less than 5% variability). Numerical simulations demonstrate that if reinforcements are placed up to a depth of one footing
width (B) below the foundation, better re-distribution of the load to deeper layers is achieved, thus reducing the stresses and strains
underneath the foundation. Numerical simulations and experimental results clearly identify a critical zone between 0.3 and
0.5B, where maximum benefits not only on the bearing capacity but also on the low-strain stiffness of the foundation are obtained.
Therefore, soil reinforcement can also be used to reduce low-strain vibrations of foundations. 相似文献
17.
Summary Laboratory model test results are presented that determine the effectiveness of using layers of geogrids as reinforcement in sand to reduce the settlement of square surface foundations subjected to transient loading. The model tests were conducted with only one type of geogrid at one relative density of compaction of sand. The maximum intensity of the transient load applied always exceeded the static ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation when supported by unreinforced sand. The settlement reduction factors for various depths of reinforcement have been determined. 相似文献
18.
Swami Saran Surendra Kumar K.G. Garg Arvind Kumar 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(1):123-137
In the present paper, a method of analysis for calculating the pressure intensity corresponding to a given settlement for
eccentrically and obliquely loaded square and rectangular footings resting on reinforced soil foundation has been presented.
The process has been simplified by presenting non-dimensional charts for the various terms used in the analysis, which can
be directly used by practicing engineers. An approximate method has been suggested to find out the ultimate bearing capacity
of such footings on reinforced soil. The results have been validated with the model test results. The procedure has been made
clear by giving an illustrative example. 相似文献
19.
针对淮北平原地区浅表层沉积土典型地质单元,选取代表性试验区域,开展了螺旋板载荷、平板载荷和静力触探等原位测试,分析了含钙质结核黏土、新近沉积粉土、粉砂3种地基的承载力特性,重点探讨了不同类型土体的螺旋板载荷试验p-s曲线特征、承载力特征值确定方法和值域范围,并与静探和平板载荷试验数据进行对比,分析其相关关系和变化规律。研究结果表明:一般性黏土、粉质黏土和粉土的承载力较低,钙质结核黏性土和粉砂的承载力相对较高,值域范围较宽,密实程度是决定粉土、粉砂承载力大小的主要因素。螺旋板载荷试验能较好的反映多元互层地基土体力学性质的变化特征,采用等应变控制法可达到快速、分层检测的目的,并通过等应力控制法对比试验验证了其可靠性。最后通过与平板载荷试验结果进行线性拟合,给出了螺旋板载荷试验确定淮北平原浅表层地基承载力的经验公式。 相似文献
20.
软土地区土体工程性质较差,土体所能提供桩侧摩阻力和桩端阻力较小,预制桩桩身材料强度无法充分发挥。在预制桩压入土体过程中灌入砂石能够改善桩周土体性质,提高桩-土接触面摩擦性能,从而提高桩基的抗压极限承载力。为了研究填砂竹节桩的抗压承载性能,进行了一组现场静载试验和ABAQUS三维建模计算,通过对试验和计算结果的分析可以得出以下结论：软土地基中填砂竹节桩的抗压承载性能相比常规等截面管桩有了显著提高;填砂竹节桩桩身轴力在竹节节点处减少幅度较大,竹节节点能够提高桩侧承载性能;软土地基中填砂竹节桩桩侧承载性能相比常规等截面管桩有了显著提高,且侧阻增大系数为1.15～1.40。 相似文献