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1.
DEM采样间隔对地形描述精度的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数字高程模型(DEM)的精度包括采样点数据精度和地形描述精度两方面,前人对DEM精度的研究多集中在DEM采样点精度,而忽视了地形描述精度。该文提出基于窗口曲面拟合计算拟合曲面系列参数与"实际地形"曲面参数的标准差来衡量地形描述精度的方法,研究发现DEM地形描述精度随采样间隔的增大呈降低趋势;并利用坡度频率曲线和坡度累计频率曲线研究对DEM精度敏感的坡度因子与DEM采样间隔的关系,认为随DEM采样间隔增大,坡度衰减(变缓)的速率加快。 相似文献
2.
地表温度是生态系统中极其重要的环境因子,中小尺度区域的热场空间分布对生态系统稳定性的研究以及干旱区流域的农业生产建设具有重要意义。利用MODIS数据,采用劈窗算法反演石羊河流域的陆地表面温度(LST),并计算植被指数(NDVI);利用TM影像,通过目视解译获得研究区的土地利用数据,结合DEM数据,采用GIS空间分析方法,分析LST的空间分布特征和LST与NDVI在不同土地利用类型之间的差异以及二者之间的定量关系。结果表明:研究区陆地表面温度北高南低,东高西低,整体上表现为由东北向西南逐渐降低的趋势;地表温度与海拔呈负线性相关,相关系数为-0.928;不同土地利用类型的地表温度存在差异,地表温度最高的未利用土地要比最低的林地高出16.42 K;对于单一土地利用类型,耕地、林地、草地、建设用地的地表温度与NDVI具有明显负相关;对于整个研究区土地利用空间结构,地表温度与NDVI表现为LST-NDVI梯形关系,反映了流域地表温度和植被覆盖之间的关系,由此看出绿色植被对调节区域气候温度的重要性。 相似文献
3.
基于MODIS数据和气象观测数据的气温空间插值方法比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文以福建省福州市为研究区域,利用MODIS影像数据反演福州市地表温度;同时利用相同时间的福州市及其周边的32个气象站日平均气温数据,结合数字高程模型（DEM）中提取出的地形因子,研究温度与经度、纬度、海拔高度等的相关关系,提出了福州市地形因子与气温相关模型,利用该模型插值得到福州市的地表温度;再利用气温垂直递减规律进行插值得到地表温度。对比3种结果可知,对于气象数据容易获得,气象站点较多且均匀分布在研究区时,利用气象数据插值地表温度较快,但计算结果比实际值略高;对于气象数据不易获得或站点较少时,可以用影像数据来反演地表温度,其精度受提取参数的精度的制约,在参数使用正确情况下比插值方法反演精度高。 相似文献
4.
不同地形校正模型计算地形复杂山区地表反射率的对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地表反射率对定量遥感有重要意义,其在复杂地形区会受到地形条件影响。地形校正可以减小或消除山区遥感影像中地形因素影响。以梵净山区为研究区,利用Landsat-5 TM影像、DEM及坡度、坡向数据,采用10种地形校正模型进行比较实验,以发现其在反演地表反射率时存在的问题,并为选择适合地形复杂山区地表反射率反演的地形校正模型及相关研究提供参考。结果显示:1.SCS+C、Minnaert、b、Teillet-回归、VECA、C模型地形校正效果较好,可用于反演山区的地表反射率,但是当坡度为0°时,Minnaert、Teillet-回归、VECA模型存在问题;2.Cosine-b、Cosine、SCS和Cosine-C模型存在过度校正现象,Cosine和SCS模型甚至可能出现反射率大于1的异常值,不宜选择;3.在通过采样获得经验参数的情况下,Minnaert模型对样点选取较为敏感,而SCS+C和b模型对样点选取的敏感性较低。在较大范围的地形复杂山区反演地表反射率时,SCS+C和b模型更合适。此外,从DEM数据、大气校正模型、地表覆被类型方面分别探讨了其对地表反射率的影响并提出了改进建议。 相似文献
5.
基于DEM的山区遥感图像地形校正方法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于地表反射为各向异性的假定,可以将遥感图像的地形校正分为光照和反射率校正两部分。基于6S大气校正模型和数字高程模型(DEM)对山区遥感图像进行光照和反射率校正,通过消除遥感图像中大气和地形的影响,反演得到地表反射率。通过对江西兴国县TM图像的实验,实现了对山区遥感图像的地形校正。对模型中的大气参数进行了敏感性分析,发现大气参数的误差对地表反射率的反演精度影响较小。 相似文献
6.
基于数字高程模型自动提取水系的若干问题 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
在分析对比基于数字高程模型(DEM)自动提取水系算法的基础上,针对地表径流模型数据预处理中存在的问题,提出了相应的解决方案。该方案根据现实可得DEM数据的精度,指出DEM中“数字负地形”来自真实的地形和伪地形;伪凹陷来自数据单元的低估或高估;伪平原区的流向是一种汇聚模式的流向。通过对ARC／INFO的样本数据进行实验,该方案有效解决了数据预处理中存在的问题。 相似文献
7.
利用MODIS数据,采用劈窗算法,定量反演吉林省中部陆地表面温度;利用TM数据,通过目视解译获得研究区的土地利用状况,并结合地势图,研究吉林省中部农业区的地表温度空间分布特征以及地表温度与土地利用类型之间的关系。结果表明,研究区陆地表面温度南高北低,西高东低,符合该区域气候特征;由于地表土地类型热力性质的不同,不同土地利用类型的地表温度存在差异,地表温度最高的裸岩要比最低的湖泊高出26.6K;地表温度与海拔呈负相关关系,即随着海拔的升高,地表温度呈下降趋势,下降率为23.6°C/km;在植被覆盖区,地表温度与NDVI之间存在负相关性,且城市地表温度对植被覆盖度的敏感性要高于农田和林地;对于整个研究区土地利用空间结构,地表温度与NDVI表现为LST-NDVI梯形关系。 相似文献
8.
遥感影像地形校正研究进展及其比较实验 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
地形校正作为复杂地形区遥感影像预处理的重要步骤,对提高地表参数遥感定量化精度具有重要意义。为此,在简述地形校正含义与目标的基础上,回顾并总结了国内外各种地形校正方法并将其划分为基于波段比、DEM和超球面3类方法,以期为地形校正及相关研究提供参考。在DEM的支持下,采用11种地形校正方法对ETM+影像进行了校正比较实验,研究表明:(1)VECA、b、C、Teillet-回归、SCS+C、Minnaert和Minnaert-SCS校正7种地形校正效果较好,可用于遥感影像的地形校正;而Cosine-T、Cosine-C、SCS和Cosine-b校正存在过度校正现象,不宜选择。(2)VECA与b校正模型校正效果最好,且VECA校正比b校正可操作性更强。在此基础上,从地形效应的理论诠释与数学表达、DEM数据、地形校正应用研究3个方面探讨了目前该领域存在的一些问题和难点,并对今后可能的工作重点和研究方向提出了建议。 相似文献
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10.
贵州高原复杂地形下太阳总辐射精细空间分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海拔、坡度、坡向以及周围地形遮蔽作用,造成山区各部位接受到的太阳辐射能有很大差异. 在前人研究的基础上,对以前的模型进行了一些改进,考虑了坡度、坡向和地形相互遮蔽作用对复杂地形下天文辐射的影响,基于数字高程模型(DEM)数据,研制了以复杂地形下天文辐射为起始数据的复杂地形下太阳总辐射的分布式模型,在模型中还考虑了散射辐射的各向异性及坡地反射辐射对复杂地形下太阳总辐射的影响.应用100 m×100 m分辨率的DEM数据及气象站常规观测气象资料,计算了贵州高原复杂地形下100 m×100 m分辨率的复杂地形下太阳总辐射.结果表明:(1) 局地地形因子如坡度、坡向、地形遮蔽等对太阳总辐射影响显著,地形对复杂地形下太阳总辐射的影响是不容忽视的.(2)在缺乏复杂地形下坡面考察资料的情况下,建立以常规气象站观测资料为主的物理经验统计模型是实现细网格辐射资源计算的可行途径. 相似文献
11.
《The Professional geographer》1984,36(1):106-142
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. 相似文献
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<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka 相似文献
13.
MIN Qingwen 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2014,5(4):289-290
<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):250-283
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock. 相似文献
16.
《The Professional geographer》1985,37(2):226-262
Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):85-89
Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS) 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1983,35(2):230-260
Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford . 相似文献