共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 609 毫秒
1.
<正>日前,丹东市政府出台《丹东市湿地保护修复实施方案》,明确将实行湿地总量管理,确保到2020年,丹东湿地总面积将不低于17万公顷,相当于丹东总面积的11.49%。建立较为完善的湿地保护修复制度体系,将沼泽湿地、湖泊湿地、河流湿地、滨海湿地等自然湿地以及具有重要生态价值的人工湿地,划入重要保护区域。严格湿地利用监管,确保湿地面积不减少,性质不改变,增强湿地生态功能,维护湿地生物多样性,全面提升湿地保护管理水平。 相似文献
2.
为有效保护黄河三角洲的湿地生态平衡。近年来,国家通过采取引灌黄河水、沿海修筑围堤、增加湿地淡水存量等措施,切实增强了保护区生态系统的自身调节能力和平衡作用,改善了鸟类的生存环境。经过近3年的改造,已经有超过20万亩的盐碱地变成了湿地资源,促进了国土资源的综合利用。据了解,随着湿地面积的不断增加,黄河三角洲生态系统的逐步改善,已使黄河三角洲成为东北亚内陆和环西太平洋鸟类迁徙的重要的“中转站”、越冬栖息地和繁殖地,每年都有近百万只鸟到这里越冬。尤其是近年来,更有多种海内外罕见的珍稀鸟类在这里现身。从去年开始,在保… 相似文献
3.
编者按:湿地与森林、海洋并称为全球三大生态系统,在调节径流、蓄洪防灾、控制污染、降解有毒有害物质、缓解面积污染、净化水质、维持生物多样性、调节气候、控制土壤侵蚀、美化环境等方面具有十分重要的作用.但近20年来,广西沿海不断扩大的对虾养殖业,已对滨海湿地的生态构成了严重危害.为了让社会各界对滨海湿地的开发和可持续利用问题引起足够重视,自治区政协人口资源环境委员会与民盟广西区委会于2005年秋季赴北海、钦州、防城港等地进行专题调研,本刊现将调研报告编发如下: 相似文献
4.
野鸭湖湿地自然保护区是北京最大的湿地自然保护区,也是唯一的湿地鸟类自然保护区,因此,选择野鸭湖研究城市湿地景观格局演变特征具有典型意义。以野鸭湖自然保护区为研究对象,分析了1999年、2004年、2009年和2014年4个时期野鸭湖湿地系统景观格局演变过程,并根据景观指数分析其动态变化趋势。研究结果表明:①野鸭湖湿地面积在1999~2004年间逐渐减少,之后逐年恢复,至2014年湿地面积总数已恢复到1999年的水平,但水体的面积仍缩减一半,主要恢复的是草甸湿地和疏林湿地。②野鸭湖湿地景观格局的变化特征主要表现为:景观破碎度增加,景观形状更加复杂,景观多样性和异质性增加而优势度降低。③野鸭湖湿地斑块类型呈现如下特征:耕地连片分布,耕地开垦力度减缓;草甸湿地成片增长且优势度逐渐明显,形状复杂;水体分布聚集,2014年出现恢复现象;疏林湿地面积不断增长,呈现破碎化现象;建筑用地面积也略微增长,但分布分散;滩涂湿地面积最小,形状简单。 相似文献
5.
《广东海洋大学学报》2014,(1)
应用计算机专家系统对红树林湿地的鸟类进行分类与鉴别。结合产生式系统体系结构,设计开发红树林湿地鸟类鉴别系统,该系统利用鸟类目科检索表与二叉树的结构相似性,构建鸟类目科检索二叉树,结合B+树和判定树学习,设计鸟类检索编码表,实现红树林湿地鸟类目科和属种的鉴别。 相似文献
6.
北京湿地分析与监测 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
在“3S”技术支持下,结合野外调查与室内综合分析,全面调查监测了北京地区湿地的类型、面积。其类型较多、分布较广、湿地环境差异显著,生物多样性丰富。湿地的主要类型包括湖泊湿地、河流湿地、水库、池塘、稻田等自然湿地和人工湿地,其中人工湿地面积为323541.822km2,自然湿地面积为138214.740km2,约占全市面积的0.3%。另外,选择重点水库湿地和典型湿地做了动态变化研究,结果表明:水库湿地中的密云水库、官厅水库和怀柔水库与1998年相比,面积分别减少了42.0%,23.9%和4.9%,典型湿地的景观格局也发生了相应的改变。由此可以看出,北京湿地面积逐年减少、生态环境质量逐年下降。最后,根据北京湿地现状和暴露出来的问题,提出了一些建设性的结论和建议。本项目的实施为进一步研究湿地变化与周边气候、地形地貌、土地利用、植被变化以及社会经济发展情况的关系,分析湿地受威胁因素,评价湿地生态环境现状,提出湿地保护的措施,奠定了基础。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
《资源导刊(河南)》2018,(8)
正国务院印发通知:加强滨海湿地保护严格管控围填海近日,国务院印发《关于加强滨海湿地保护严格管控围填海的通知》(以下简称《通知》),重点明确了严控新增围填海造地、加快处理围填海历史遗留问题、加强海洋生态保护修复、建立滨海湿地保护和围填海管控长效机制四个方面的政策要求。《通知》强调,严控新增围填海造地。一是严控新增项目。完善围填海总量管控, 相似文献
10.
近30年天津滨海新区湿地景观格局遥感监测分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在GIS和FRAGSTATS软件支持下,结合景观格局数量分析方法,利用1979-2008年间共6期TM遥感影像与非遥感数据,对天津滨海新区近30年的湿地景观空间格局进行了动态分析。结果表明,滨海新区湿地(以人工湿地为主),1979-2004年滨海新区湿地总面积变化不大,但各类型间转换较大,主要是自然湿地转变为人工湿地,沼泽湿地几近消失。2006-2008年,由于城市建设大量滨海滩涂湿地被围填占用,到2009年5月自然海岸线的90%以上被占用。景观破碎度增加,湿地斑块数量从137个增加到704个,同时造成平均斑块面积下降。驱动力分析表明,降雨量减少的同时,年平均气温上升是主要的自然驱动因素。和自然因素相比,人类干扰为主要人文驱动因素,表现在水产养殖为主的农业经济活动、城市建设用地占用和围海造地等方面。目前,滨海新区几乎没有自然湿地生态系统,破碎化和人工化是该区域湿地的主要特征。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
STUDY ON WETLAND LOSS AND ITS REASONS IN CHINA 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＷｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｒｅｔｈｅｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｗｉｔｈｍａｎｙｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇｕｓｗｉｔｈａｒａｎｇｅｏｆｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｗａｔｅｒｓｕｐｐｌｙｆｌｏｗｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓｅｎｄｉｍｅｎｔｒｅｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｌｉｍａｔｅｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｏｆｓａｌｉｎｅｗａｔｅｒｉｎｔｒｕｓｉｏｎｅｔｃ．Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｗｅｔｌａｎｄｏｃｃｕｐｙｏｎｌｙａｂｏｕｔ６％… 相似文献
14.
ESTIMATION OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICE VALUES OF WETLANDS IN SHANGHAI, CHINA 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
LIBo ZHONGYang NAKAGOSHINobukazu CHENJia-kuan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(2):151-156
1IN TR O D U CTIO N Wetlandsprovidemany importantservicesto human societ,y butareatthesame timeecologicallsyensitiv andadaptivesystems.Thisexplainswhy inrecentyears much attentiohnasbeenpaidto theformulatioanndop- erationof sustainablmeanagement strategie… 相似文献
15.
Wetlands of China cover an area of 63 million ha, among which, natural wetlands 25 million ha, including mires, shallow lakes,
etc., artificial wetlands 38 million ha. Besides these, there are a lot of rivers and islands, stretching 18,000 km of coastal
line and coastal zone below the tidal within the water depth of 6 m. Based on the climatic regional differences, biota similarity
and biodiversity abundance, China’s wetlands can be divided into 9 main regions. Wetlands not only have huge functions to
regulate mankind’s living environment, but also are the important and precious natural resources. For a long period, since
the contradiction between population and resources, energy, grain is getting more and more obvious, China’s wetlands are facing
to serious disturbances, such as large-scale reclamation, overhunting, industrial waste water pollution and species introducing.
They have brought about the wetland quantity reducing and quality falling, furthermore have effects on sustainable development.
For the special national conditions of China, higher population pressure, China should carry out wetland resource protection
and rational utilization, not only protection. 相似文献
16.
湿地作为缓解气候变化的关键生态系统, 在碳捕获与碳封存方面发挥着不可替代的作用。湿地碳储量和影响因素的分析以及固碳潜力的预测, 对湿地生态保护与管理、国家"双碳"目标实现具有重要意义。应用ArcGIS10.8对《贵州省湿地保护发展规划》(以下简称规划)的3个时期(分别是: 1999-2009年; 2010-2018年; 2018年至今)湿地分布图采用遥感目视解译的方式进行矢量化并根据贵州省岩溶发育强度进行分区。采用生命带研究法与生物量估算法等对贵州省湿地面积和碳储量变化进行估算分析, 对重要湿地碳储量与单位面积碳储量进行估算并与全省湿地进行对比, 采用固碳潜力计算模型对贵州省重要湿地固碳潜力进行估算, 应用Origin软件对各相关影响因子进行数据分析。结果表明: ①贵州省湿地规划前期的面积为216 526.95 hm2, 规划中期面积为209 726.85 hm2、规划后期面积为255 440.53 hm2, 总体表现为先下降再升高, 总体面积增加38 913.58 hm2; ②贵州省湿地碳储量变化为: 规划前期为5.97×105 t, 规划后期为3.78×106 t, 是规划前期的6倍以上, 碳储量增加明显。其中, 贵州省重要湿地碳储量为3.24×106 t, 占全省湿地碳储量85.71%, 固碳潜力十分显著; ③贵州省重要湿地的固碳潜力为1.14×104 t C/a, 预计到2030和2060年, 湿地总固碳量分别达到7.99×106 t C和8.34×106 t C; ④温度、DIC 浓度、有机碳含量与面积对贵州省重要湿地的碳储量影响较大, 重要湿地碳储量与DIC 浓度、有机碳含量以及面积呈正相关, 而与温度呈负相关关系。对贵州省的湿地碳储量估算与碳中和潜力分析不仅可以了解贵州省湿地碳封存现状, 还可为区域湿地生态系统在"3060"双碳目标的贡献上提供理论参考。 相似文献
17.
YIN Shu-bai LU Xian-guo 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2006,16(1):56-62
1 INTRODUCTION There is no single and universally recognized wetland definition so far. More than 50 of wetland definitions have been developed (YANG, 2002; DUGAN, 1993; MITCH and GOSSELINK, 1996; NRC, 1995). Because wetlands form part of a continuous gradient between u- plands and open water, the problem on wetland defini- tion usually arises on the edges of wetlands, toward ei- ther wetter or drier conditions (NRC, 1995; MITSCH and GOSSELINK, 1996). What frequency, dept… 相似文献
18.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2019,(3)
Deyeuxia angustifolia wetlands were widely distributed in the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China. Due to strong demand for food production, large-area wetlands were reclaimed to farmlands, which threatened regional ecological security greatly. Since the 21 th century, returning farmlands to wetlands was widely adopted for natural restoration in the Sangjiang Plain. As the first reflection of wetland restoration, vegetation succession of restored D. angustifolia wetlands should be fully assessed. In this study, vegetation investigation was carried out in three restored D. angustifolia wetlands with 5, 8 and 12 yr restoration, respectively. Meanwhile, a natural D. angustifolia wetland was selected as reference wetland. Results showed that community composition changed greatly and there was visible community succession. Community dominant species changed from composite to gramineae as restoration time increasing.At first, weeds community appeared in the restored wetlands, especially the xerophytes developed to the pioneer species rapidly. And then, mesophytes and wetland species became the dominant species in the restored wetlands. Finally, wetland species, especially D. angustifolia, occupied the dominant position of restored community. Shannon-wiener index(H) and Simpson index(D) both decreased to close to natural D. angustifolia wetlands. Compared with natural D. angustifolia wetland, species composition and diversity in restored wetlands were more complex and higher. As restoration time increasing, there were not significant differences between community characteristics of restored wetlands and natural wetland. All these suggested that vegetation in reclaimed D. angustifolia wetland could be restored naturally, but its restored period is 10 yr at least. From another angle, it is important to protect current natural wetlands. 相似文献
19.
基于加权Voronoi图的北京市湿地功能分区研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
湿地功能分区是城市湿地生态系统健康恢复、管理改善,以及资源可持续利用的重要前提。本文以北京湿地为例,利用客观赋权的主成分分析法对湿地生态服务功能进行综合评价;并结合空间分析中的Voronoi图空间分区方法,通过利用牛顿-断裂点模型确定属性权重的主要步骤,构建基于加权Voronoi图的城市湿地功能分区模型,开展"自下而上"定量化的北京湿地功能分区研究。结果表明:(1)北京湿地功能综合评价中,密云水库湿地的功能综合值最大,表明该湿地生态服务功能作用最重要。(2)北京湿地功能分区分为三级框架,其中包括4个一级核心湿地功能区、15个二级核心湿地功能区、43个三级核心湿地单元。(3)湿地资源功能价值量与湿地斑块空间关系的相结合,实现了属性和空间双重距离约束的湿地功能分区,促进了湿地生态系统服务价值评估在决策管理中的深入应用,为城市湿地功能区划提供技术支持。 相似文献
20.
Landscape pattern evolution processes of alpine wetlands and their driving factors in the Zoige Plateau of China 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
BAI Jun-hong LU Qiong-qiong WANG Jun-jing ZHAO Qing-qing OUYANG Hua DENG Wei LI Ai-nong 《山地科学学报》2013,10(1):54-67
Zoige Plateau wetlands are located in the northeastern corner of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.The landscape pattern evolution processes in the Zoige Plateau and their driving factors were identified by analyzing the dynamic changes in landscape modification and conversion and their dynamic rates of alpine wetlands over the past four decades.The results showed that the landscape conversion between wetlands and non-wetlands mainly occurred during the period from 1966 to 1986.The marsh wetland area converted from lake and river wetlands was larger because of swamping compared to other wetland landscapes.Meanwhile,the larger area of marsh wetlands was also converted to lake wetlands more than other types of wetlands.The modification processes mainly occurred among natural wetland landscapes in the first three periods.Obvious conversions were observed between wetland and nonwetland landscapes(i.e.,forestland,grassland,and other landscapes) in the Zoige Plateau.These natural wetland landscapes such as river,lake and marsh wetlands showed a net loss over the past four decades,whereas artificial wetland landscapes(i.e.,paddy field and reservoir and pond wetlands) showed a net decrease.The annual dynamic rate of the whole wetland landscape was 0.72%,in which the annual dynamic rate of river wetlands was the highest,followed by lake wetlands,while marsh wetlands had the lowest dynamic rate.The integrated landscape dynamic rate showed a decreasing trend in the first three periods.The changes in wetland landscape patterns were comprehensively controlled by natural factors and human activities,especially human activities play an important role in changing wetland landscape patterns. 相似文献