共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 907 毫秒
1.
2.
兰州市滑坡泥石流灾害与防治 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文在研究兰州市滑坡，泥石流类型、分布与发展趋势的基础上，论述了滑坡，泥石流防治现状和存在的问题，指出了加强防治工作的紧迫性，提出了滑坡，泥石流灾害防治的指导思想，目标和对策，强调了开展系统的防灾的重要性。 相似文献
3.
本文通过对蓟县电厂主厂房冲击钻孔灌注桩施工的监理，在详勘地质报告与实际不符的情况下，经少量的补勘工作，弄清了场地的地质条件，用冲击钻孔的岩渣差别基岩风化程度，对场地进行了工程地质分区，使桩基施工缩短了工期，节约了造价，经检测，桩基强度完全满足了设计要求。 相似文献
4.
论文讨论了宁波市的主要环境地质问题并提出了相应的防治对策，作者对由于长期开采承压含水层中的地下水导致的地面沉降及海水入侵问题进行了探讨了，研究评价了软土地基的稳定性，在通过资料收集，分析，对软土的变形及强度特性的基础上进行研究，建立了岩土数据库，并对软土的微结构及演化历史作了定量研究，还综合分析了影响地基稳定的各种因素，利用模糊数学对地基稳定性进行了评价，在考虑地面沉降的现状及其影响因素的情况下， 相似文献
5.
6.
在航磁资料电算处理的基础上，研究了磁异常特征，断裂，隐伏岩分布规律，论述了磁异常区与煤变质带的分布关系，探讨了本区煤变质特点，对城子河组煤变质带分布进行了预测，指出了寻找焦煤方向和主要分布区。 相似文献
7.
山东省第二轮区域地质调查主要进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
山东省第二轮区调工作始于70年代末，完成了1：20万填图面积112326km^2和1：5万填图面积63137km^2，基础地质研究取得巨大进展：地层方面，建立了一些新的岩石地层单位，重新厚定了地层层序，进行了以岩石地层为主的地层多重划分对比，对各时代地层的沉积作用进行了探讨；侵入岩方面，初步完成了我省侵入岩岩石谱系单位的统一划分工作，研究了侵入岩的演化，成因、侵位机制和形成时代，尤其是从前寒武纪基底中识别出大量变形变质或未变形变质侵入岩，并对其进行了岩石谱系单位划分；变质岩方面，分析了原岩建造及形成环境，划分了变质岩系的变质相，变质相系和叠加变质作用，测定了大量pT数据，确定了一些变质岩的PTt轨迹，对变质作用类型进行了研究，发现了高压，超高压变质带并对其进行了探讨；构造方面，发现了研究了大量韧性变形带，对胶南－威海造山带7和郯庐断裂带进行了深入研究，矿产方面，主要是对各种矿产的成因和形成规律进行了探讨。 相似文献
8.
火山岩熔融,结晶,淬火实验及其岩石学意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文对我国福建，江西，河南等地某些典型玄武岩和部分安山岩以及意大利威苏维火山的白响岩质碱玄岩进行了实验研究，其中包括熔融，结晶，淬火实验。根据实验结果，分析了熔浆成分对首晶矿物的影响，阐明了晶体形态与结晶温度，生长速度及成核密度的关系，研究了斜长石，白榴石的晶出及其矿物学，岩石学意义，论述了橄榄石，辉石的成分特生上春晶出后熔浆成分的演化趋势，讨论了单斜辉石的淬火效应与压力效应。 相似文献
9.
加拿大近十年固体矿产勘查进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
加拿大作为世界上最大的矿业国之一，近十年来采取了一系列措施，固体矿产的勘阳取得重大进展，结束了加拿大没有原生金刚石矿床的历史，发现了20多个储量较大，经济价值较高的金伯利岩型金刚石矿床，同时还发现了活艾斯贝（Voisey‘sBay)世界级高品位铜镍硫化物矿床，使加拿大铜，镍保障和蔼大幅度提高，更通过深部探矿工作，延长了许多矿山的寿命。 相似文献
10.
在分析了温度，压力诸因素与金刚石产，质量之间关系的基础上，提出了合理，高效的合成工艺方案，特别是在实施合成工艺方面，提出了见解和措施，并且收到了较好的实际效果。 相似文献
11.
M. A. Tyulenev S. A. Zhironkin O. I. Litvin E. A. Tyuleneva O. V. Zhironkina S. O. Markov 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(5):2065-2077
The article describes a problem of hydraulic backhoes usage in coal-bearing areas development in complex structured deposits. At present time there is a mass replacement of previously widely used shovels with more adaptive excavation equipment—hydraulic backhoes in open pits of Kuzbass (the largest Russian coal basin, Western Siberia). On the one hand, it opens up new opportunities for reducing of coal losses and better planning of mining operations in coal-bearing area during the development of rock-and-coal blocks. On the other hand, backhoes usage with the replacement of railway transport for trucks significantly complicates rock-and-coal face parameters determination. It also impose new requirements for dispatching the “excavator—transport unit” work chain. In addition, strict requirements to excavator’s maneuverability for rock-and-coal blocks processing actualize research of safe backhoe positioning on a bench. The article describes the results of technological parameters determination for hydraulic backhoes usage in coal-bearing areas development in complex structured deposits. The most important results are the recommendations for choosing the order of heterogeneous (rock and coal) layers processing and justification of excavation blocks parameters for their layer-by-layer extraction that minimizes the coal losses. Particular attention is paid to the definition of excavated layer parameters depending on bucket capacity and excavated substance. Based on these data, the dependence of hydraulic backhoe productivity on the excavated layer height was defined. The study results are presented in the article on the example of Kuzbass coal deposits being developed by several open pit mines. 相似文献
12.
A comprehensive analysis of maintaining stability by model homogeneous and stratified slopes, with possible surcharge loading, is carried out within the article. Calculations are performed by the Swedish method of Fellenius under the assumption of a cylindrical slip surface passing through the slope foot. Proposals for searching for the reach of the break-off wedge of a potential slip surface are put forward. An analysis of the effect of surcharge load location on general slope stability is also made, providing the capability to determine the safe distance of positioning of an excavator on the surcharge of a non-encased excavation. 相似文献
13.
14.
以某狭小场区超深基坑为例,详细的介绍了该项目的土方施工方案和各施工阶段相应的施工措施。探讨了利用常规运土车辆和挖掘机联合作业,通过多方面的施工措施完成了狭小场区基坑开挖的技术难题。通过妥善处理与支护施工交叉作业场地占用问题,分步分段进行开挖作业,优化布置场区内走向和坡度,合理安排好单步开挖深度及范围,采用分区块循环开挖的方法顺次推进,合理选择土方出运坡道的构筑材料,合理安排土方坡道改移作业时间,及时对坡道进行恢复,在最大限度的减少土方出运停歇时间的基础上,使场地内无坡道土方间歇期与支护施工各工序必要等待时间能够尽量协调一致。很好的保证了在狭小场地条件下按期完成既定土方施工计划,对今后同类项目的实施提供一定的帮助。 相似文献
15.
Mehmet Ozcelik 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(6):3437-3449
Mechanized tunnelling is a well-established tunnel construction method which allows constructing tunnels in various conditions including mixed ground conditions as well as tunnels in vulnerable urban areas. The selection of the excavator suitable for the geological structure is important in terms of realizing an efficient tunnel excavation. Tunnel excavation studies of Istanbul Kabatas–Mecidiyeköy Metro tunnels are implemented as a double tube. Geology in this section is composed of sandstone, siltstone, mudstone interbedded or as separate units along with dyke intrusions. Calcareous clay, clayey limestone, clayey sand are also rarely observed. Between the Kabatas–Mecidiyekoy tunnels includes two types of mechanical excavation methods namely tunnel boring machine (TBM) and new Austrian tunnelling method (NATM). Main purpose of this study is mixed ground and their impacts on mechanized tunnelling. At the end, some issues have been presented which seems to be important for the success of TBM and NATM in the mixed grounds. As the tunnel excavation studies continued, the problem of collapse on the ground surface of Barbaros Boulevard in Besiktas station increased the importance of tunnel excavation under mixed ground conditions. 相似文献
16.
Klaus‐G. Hinzen Melissa Vetters Tatiana Kalytta Sharon K. Reamer Ursula Damm‐Meinhardt 《Geoarchaeology》2015,30(1):1-18
In the late 1970s, the hypothesis originated that earthquakes played a decisive role in the decline of the Mycenaean civilization at the end of the Late Bronze Age. The late excavator of Tiryns in the Argolid/Greece, Klaus Kilian, presented evidence for earthquake‐related damage to Mycenaean structures and considered four terracotta figures and two ceramic vessels lying on a floor of a potential cult room (later 12th century B.C.) in the Lower Citadel as “earthquake victims.” The broken figures were confined to a small area on the cult room's floor in front of a bench. We assess the archaeological data and test the plausibility of earthquake‐induced toppling of the objects with engineering seismological models. Dimensions and physical properties of the models were taken from the originals. In our simulations the models are virtually placed on a bench, and are exposed to earthquake ground motions based on records from recent Greek earthquakes. We test the artifacts’ toppling behavior and compare the final position of the fallen objects with the original find spots. Statistical analysis of 74,250 model calculations with highly varied ground motion parameters and bench heights reveal only a small probability that the find situation of the objects was caused by an earthquake. 相似文献
17.
Till lithology and glacial transport in Kuhmo, eastern Finland 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Till lithology and transport distance were studied along five transects running in the direction of ice flow and intersecting the N-S-oriented Kuhmo Greenstone Belt, which is some 5 km in width. A total of 531 stone counts were performed on three fractions (> 20 cm, 6–20 cm and 2–6 cm) in 162 pits dug with a mechanical excavator. An experimental model is developed for predicting the transport distances of clasts in basal tills. It shows the traditional method of expressing transport in terms of half-distance (i.e. the distance at which the proportion of a given rock type in the till has been halved from what it was at the distal contact of a given rock type in the bedrock) to be dependent upon the width of the source unit in the bedrock, varying in the present case from 0 km to 16 km as the width of the source belt increases from 0 km to infinity. The Kuhmo Greenstone Belt being 5 km broad, the mean half-distance for the transport of stones and boulders in the till is 2 km, the boulders having been moved somewhat shorter distances and the pebbles longer distances. It is recommended that transport distances for till material should be expressed in terms of the renewal distance (i.e. the distance over which the proportion of a new rock type increases from 0% to 50%). In the Kuhmo area this distance is 16 km. 相似文献
18.
Nowadays, permeable reactive barriers (PRB) are one of the most widespread techniques for the remediation of contaminated aquifers. Over the past 10 years, the use of iron-based PRBs has evolved from innovative to accepted standard practice for the treatment of a variety of groundwater contaminants (ITRC in: Permeable reactive barriers: lessons learned/new directions. The Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council, Permeable Reactive Barriers Team 2005). Although, a variety of excavation methods have been developed, backhoe excavators are often used for the construction of PRBs. The aim of this study is to describe the emplacement of a full-scale PRB and the benefits deriving from the use of a crawler crane equipped with a hydraulic grab (also known as clamshell excavator) in the excavation phases. The studied PRB was designed to remediate a chlorinated hydrocarbons plume at an old industrial landfill site, in Avigliana, near the city of Torino, in Italy. The continuous reactive barrier was designed to be 120 m long, 13 m deep, and 0.6 m thick. The installation of the barrier was accomplished using a clamshell for the excavation of the trench and a guar-gum slurry to support the walls. The performance of this technique was outstanding and allowed the installation of the PRB in 7 days. The degree of precision of the excavation was very high because of the intrinsic characteristics of this excavation tool and of the use of a concrete curb to guide the hydraulic grab. Moreover, the adopted technique permitted a saving of bioslurry thus minimizing the amount of biocide required. 相似文献
19.
K. Melemez 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(4):645-650
Construction of forest roads can cause short-term and long-term negative effects on forest ecosystems in different ways if they are not well planned and appropriately maintained. In this research, environmental damages caused by an excavator during road construction were examined in steep terrain covered by beech (Fagus orientalis L.) stands. The study was conducted along a 1.5 km road in western Blacksea Region of Turkey. All of the road construction operations were monitored during a construction period, and measurements of cross sections sizes and stand damages were measured during and after the construction activities. The road construction was evaluated according to the appropriate method and standards. The average widths of roadway, fill slope and construction zone were 4.82, 6.91, and 16.61 m, respectively. Along the 1,500 m road, forested area impacted was 24,915 m2 while the number of trees cut was 1,495 and rate of the damaged trees below the fill slope was found to be 24.7 %. In the study, based on the appropriate method and standards, less forested area might have been impacted (23 %). As a result of regression analysis, it was found that the rate of damaged trees increased as the values of the proportion of rocks, the width of the road surface and the width of the cut-slope increased. To reduce the negative effects of forest road construction on the environment, new forest road construction by excavators should be performed using appropriate methods within mountainous terrains. 相似文献
20.
北轮台断裂是一条全新世活动断裂,全长约70km,构成了南天山南麓与山前洪积扇的界线。该断裂晚第四纪期间活动性较强,为准确分析北轮台断裂的古地震特征,在野外地质调查的基础上,对变形的微地貌进行测量,在阿克艾肯和帝禾农业两段开挖两个大型古地震探槽,对北轮台断裂古地震进行了反演模拟推演。结果显示:北轮台断裂古地震活动频繁,阿克艾肯段探槽剖面记录到3次古地震事件,垂直累计位移量4.5m,根据逆断层变形特征,建立古地震模型反演分析,多次古地震事件属于原地同震复发,最新一次古地震事件造成的地表垂直位移量为1.5m左右;帝禾农业段活动性稍弱,对探槽剖面影像解译分析,该段记录古地震事件两次,最新一次事件垂直位错量达到1.1m。北轮台断裂记录的古地震事件与上盘存在侵蚀不整合面、下盘存在生长地层的规律一致。 相似文献