共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
于2008年3月至2009年2月对流沙湾浮游生物的群落结构及其动态变化特征进行了研究,结果表明,流沙湾共有浮游植物27属,隶属于5个门,其中硅藻门20属,绿藻门3属,蓝藻门2属,金藻门1属,甲藻门1属,角毛藻(Chaetoceros)、骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)和菱形藻(Nitzschia sp.)为优势种;浮游植物生物量变化在0.11～23.63 mg L-1之间,平均为3.72 mg L-1,细胞密度平均为1.324 7×104个L-1。流沙湾共有浮游动物19种,其中原生动物10种,桡足类6种,枝角类、多毛类和轮虫类各1种,优势种类为原生动物中的拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis)、薄铃虫(Leprotintinnus),桡足类中的哲水蚤(Calanus),浮游幼体中的无节幼体(Nauplius);浮游动物生物量在0.08～7.24 mg L-1之间,平均为2.04 mg L-1,密度平均为8 186个L-1。水体交换能力差、大规模贝类养殖以及养殖造成的水体污染等因素,导致流沙湾浮游生物量、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数、丰富度指数均处于较低水平,但有明显的水平分布和月变化。 相似文献
2.
《广东海洋大学学报》2020,(5)
【目的】研究河道阻隔对滁河及其支流浮游生物群落的影响。【方法】2015年11月对滁河及2条支流共23个采样点的浮游生物及水环境指标进行调查研究。【结果与结论】调查河段水体未受到有机污染,氮磷含量适宜藻类生长,不同区段水体营养盐含量存在显著差异。本次调查共检出浮游植物57属105种,其中绿藻门种类最多(占55.24%);共检出浮游动物52属88种,其中原生动物种类最多(占65.36%)。浮游生物种类数、密度空间分布呈现支流来安河段最高、清流河段最低的趋势,而滁河干流上游段和下游段则相差不大。浮游生物多样性评价结果表明该流域浮游生物群落结构稳定,多样性指数表现为下游高于上游,干流高于支流的特征。浮游生物与环境因子之间的相关性分析和冗余分析结果表明,总磷、氨氮、亚硝态氮、叶绿素a和pH是影响浮游植物分布的主要因子;总氮、总磷、溶解氧、透明度、亚硝态氮和叶绿素a是影响浮游动物分布的主要因子。 相似文献
3.
西津水库网箱养殖区浮游植物特征及水质营养状态 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
于2006年10月至2008年7月对西津水库米埠坑网箱养殖区浮游植物进行两个年度共8次调查。第1年发现浮游植物6门53属,冬季出现种属最多,达到43属,春、夏季最少,为35属,浮游植物年平均数量为35.18×104 L-1,平均生物量为1.07 mg·L-1。第2年度采集到浮游植物6门47属,以春季出现种属最多,达到40属,夏季最少,为29属,第2年浮游植物年平均数量低于第1年,为19.77×104 L-1,生物量高于第1年,达到1.22 mg·L-1。综合营养指数评价结果显示,米埠坑网箱养殖区处于中营养水平,有向富营养化过渡的趋势。 相似文献
4.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(3)
于2012年春季、季、秋季分别对滨州浅海海域的浮游植物进行调查,采用香农-威纳(Shannon-Weiner)多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Mc Naugton优势度指数对其浮游植物多样性及群落特征进行分析。共鉴定出浮游植物4门40个属种,其中硅藻门的种类最多,占92.50%;浮游植物丰度为(2.66~23520.27)×104 ind/m3,均值1525.13×104 ind/m3。多样性指数和均匀度均值分别为1.76±0.20和0.70±0.25,以秋季最高,春季次之,夏季最低,多样性指数和均匀度均较好,表明该海域浮游植物分布比较均匀,其群落结构处于较完整和稳定的状态。该海域浮游植物的多样性阈值等级评价为Ⅱ级,多样性一般,其中春季和夏季多样性一般(Ⅱ级),秋季多样性较好(Ⅲ级)。 相似文献
5.
凡纳滨对虾常见养殖模式下养殖后期浮游植物及理化因子的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对凡纳滨对虾几种常见养殖模式后期的浮游植物及理化因子进行了调查研究,结果表明,浮游植物的群落特征因养殖模式、养殖时间、不同的环境条件等原因变化很大,其群落组成由最少的11种到最多的28种不等;其优势种与次优势种中以蓝藻门、绿藻门、硅藻门为主,甲藻门、裸藻门偶有出现,主要优势种有小环藻、波吉卵囊藻、中肋骨条藻、颤藻、林氏藻、裸甲藻、胶球藻、小席藻、腔球藻等,浮游植物群落的生物多样性由高至低依次为高位池分级精养模式、海水土池粗养模式、低盐度养殖模式、咸淡水半精养模式、工厂化集约养殖模式、高位池集约养殖模式,多样性指数与优势度呈显著的负相关,而与均匀度呈显著的正相关。细胞密度485.9×104~35459.8×104L-1,在高密度精养模式中,浮游植物的密度与无机氮、硫化氢含量的变化在早期呈负相关,在后期则几乎同步增长;在低密度养殖模式中,浮游植物的密度与无机氮、硫化氢含量的变化始终呈负相关。各养殖模式pH值的变化与浮游植物的密度呈正相关。综合分析表明,高密度养殖宜采用高位池分级精养模式,低密度养殖宜采用海水土池粗养模式。 相似文献
6.
湛江港湾表层沉积物重金属的分布特征及潜在生态危害评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用双道原子荧光分析仪对湛江港附近海域表层沉积物砷、汞、铅、镉的含量进行了分析,阐明了这几种重金属的分布特征。结果表明,As的质量分数为(8.138~16.749)×10-6,平均12.745×10-6;Hg的质量分数为未检出(nd)~0.322×10-6,平均0.059×10-6;Pb的质量分数为(14.306~68.904)×10-6,平均44.258×10-6;Cd的质量分数为(1.561~6.882)×10-6,平均3.0874×10-6;砷、汞、铅从港内往港外有逐渐减少的趋势,镉的分布没有规律性,在整个港湾内的分布较均匀。从单因子污染指数看,砷、汞和铅都属生态危害轻微;镉污染较为严重,属生态危害强;从综合污染指数看,属生态危害中等。 相似文献
7.
【目的】探讨放养鱼类对乌梁素海水生态的影响。【方法】2017年7月-2018年4月共设置6个采样点,分别对乌梁素海现存水草区与鱼类放养区水体表层浮游植物进行调查分析,并对两区域的营养状态与水质状况进行分析评价。【结果】调查共鉴定出浮游植物8门76属154种,其中现存水草区(142种)多于鱼类放养区(88种),现存水草区浮游植物种属组成为硅藻-绿藻-蓝藻型,鱼类放养区为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型。现存水草区平均多样性指数(H′)、丰富度指数(D)分别为4.29、4.23,明显高于鱼类放养区(2.46、2.30)。两区域浮游植物优势种共26种,其中现存水草区(24种)多于鱼类放养区(11种),现存水草区以蓝藻、绿藻、硅藻为主要优势种,而鱼类放养区则以蓝藻为绝对优势种。浮游植物平均密度现存水草区(25.19×106 cell/L)显著低于鱼类放养区(275.79×106 cell/L)(P 0.05),而平均生物量现存水草区(13.34 mg/L)虽低于鱼类放养区(36.20 mg/L),但差异不显著(P 0.05)。研究显示,现存水草区营养状态为中营养-轻度富营养,鱼类放养区为中度富营养-重度富营养;两区域水质均为中度污染到重度污染状态。【结论】与历史数据相比,现存水草区浮游植物群落表现为浮游植物多样性下降、种类小型化、优势种转变为蓝藻为主。与现存水草区相比,鱼类放养区浮游植物群落因放养鲢、鳙的摄食导致浮游植物多样性下降、种类小型化、优势种向可食性差、生长快的群体型蓝藻演替。 相似文献
8.
虾池浮游微藻的种类组成、数量和多样性变动 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
报道了在集约化养虾中应用有益微生物制剂对虾池浮游微藻的影响,分析了整个养虾周期浮游微藻的种类组成、生物量、优势种及多样性指数的周期变化情况。结果表明,早期虾池浮游微藻细胞数量维持在1×103~3×103mL-1的水平,养殖中期开始呈指数增长状态,后期达到顶峰,并维持在70×103~160×103mL-1的水平,生物量比自然海区高。优势种类明显,前期为中肋骨条藻和伏氏海毛藻等硅藻类,后期则为绿球藻和栅列藻等绿藻类,水色及藻相呈良好状态,而不施加芽孢杆菌制剂的对照池则在后期出现较大比例的有害的蓝藻。虾池藻类多样性指数、均匀度指数和种类丰度均呈现前期高后期低的趋势,而优势度指数则相反,呈现前期低后期高的趋势。浮游植物的多样性指数为0.60~3.80,平均为1.88,均匀度指数为0.14~0.83,平均为0.45;种类丰度为0.80~2.46,平均为1.38;优势度指数在0.17~0.85,平均为0.41。多样性指数和均匀度均比粤东海域低,但优势度则甚高。 相似文献
9.
北部湾海域浮游植物的种类组成与数量分布 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1998年2月至1999年5月在北部湾进行了5个航次的调查.结果共检出浮游植物382种(包括变种),主要优势种为细弱海链藻(Thalassiosirasubtilis)和小舟形藻(Naviculasubminusula).调查期间浮游植物细胞数量为43.5×104～283.6×104m-3,平均101.8×104m-3.北部海域的数量远高于南部海域,数量密集区均分布在北部近岸水域,南部和中部海域的数量分布则随季节的变化而变化.浮游植物细胞数量的季节变化较明显,以春季数量最大,多样性指数和均匀度则均以春季最低,秋季最高. 相似文献
10.
【目的】分析评价2010-2017年嵊泗马鞍列岛保护区海域的水质状况。【方法】采用水质有机污染指数(A)法进行水质有机污染评价,采用富营养化指数(E)法和营养状态质量指数(INQ)法进行水质富营养化评价。【结果】该保护区海域水质化学需氧量(COD)和溶解氧(DO)符合第一类海水水质标准,无机磷(DIP)含量有3个年份符合第一类海水水质标准,其余年份超过第一类但符合第二类海水水质标准,无机氮(DIN)质量浓度超标严重,2015年达到0.674 mg/L;叶绿素a(Chl-a)本底含量较高,适宜条件下使得浮游植物大量繁殖,Chl-a含量急剧上升,并容易诱发赤潮;有机污染指数评价显示,2012-2015年水质有机污染状况达到中度污染以上,并且有3年达到严重污染级别,最大A值为2014年和2015年的4.10,2016年污染最轻,为开始受到污染级别;富营养化指数和营养状态质量指数评价显示,最大E值和INQ值分别为2012年的4.29和2010年的8.59,DIN含量高是富营养化的主要贡献因子。【结论】该保护区海域水质主要污染因子为DIN,水质有机污染状况呈现年度波动状态,水质富营养化较严重。 相似文献
11.
The seasonal dynamics of a crustacean zooplankton community in Erhai Lake was investigated from May 2010 to April 2011. In total, 11 species were recorded, including six （6 genera） cladoceran and five （5 genera） copepod species. The crustacean zooplankton densities ranged from 24.3 to 155.4 ind./L. In winter and spring, the large-bodied cladoceran Daphnia galeata dominated the crustacean plankton community. In summer and autumn, when the colonial or filamentous algae dominated the phytoplankton communities, the small-bodied species （e.g. Bosminafatalis, Ceriodaphnia quadrangular, and Mesocyclops leuckarti） replaced the large-bodied ones. One-way ANOVA and redundancy analysis revealed that community structure was dependent upon total nitrogen, total phosphorus, water temperature, transparency, and the biomass of small algae. The variation in both phytoplankton structure and environmental variables were important factors in the seasonal succession of crustacean zooplankton structure in Erhai Lake. 相似文献
12.
The community structure and seasonal dynamics of plankton in Bange Lake,northern Tibet,China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The seasonal variations in biomass, abundance, and species composition of plankton in relation to hydrography were studied in the saline Bange Lake, northern Tibet, China. Sampling was carried out between one to three times per month from May 2001 to July 2002. Salinity ranged from 14 to 146. The air and water temperature exhibited a clear seasonal pattern, and mean annual temperatures were approximately 4.8°C and 7.3°C, respectively. The lowest water temperature occurred in winter from December to March at-2°C and the highest in June and July at 17.7°C. Forty-one phytoplankton taxa, 21 zooplankton, and 5 benthic or facultative zooplankton were identifi ed. The predominant phytoplankton species were Gloeothece linearis, Oscillatoria tenuis, Gloeocapsa punctata, Ctenocladus circinnatus, Dunaliella salina, and Spirulina major. The predominant zooplankton species included H olophrya actra, Brachionus plicatilis, Daphniopsis tibetana, Cletocamptus dertersi, and A rctodiaptomus salinus. The mean annual total phytoplankton density and biomass for the entire lake were 4.52×10~7 cells/L and 1.60 mg/L, respectively. The annual mean zooplankton abundance was 52, 162, 322, and 57, 144 ind./L, in the three sublakes. The annual mean total zooplankton biomass in Lakes 1–3 was 1.23, 9.98, and 2.13 mg/L, respectively. The annual mean tychoplankton abundances in Bg1, 2, and 3 were 47, 67, and 654 ind./L. The annual mean tychoplankton biomass was 2.36, 0.16, and 2.03 mg/L, respectively. The zooplankton biomass(including tychoplankton) in the lake was 9.11 mg/L. The total number of plankton species in the salt lake was signifi cantly negatively correlated with salinity. 相似文献
13.
A severe Cochlodinium geminatum red tide (>300 km2) was observed in the Zhujiang (Pearl) River estuary, South China Sea in autumn 2009. We evaluated the environmental conditions and phytoplankton community structure during the outbreak. The red tide water mass had significantly higher dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP), ammonia, and temperature, but significantly lower nitrite, nitrate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), and DIN/DIP relative to the non-red-tide zones. The phytoplankton assemblage was dominated by dinoflagellates and diatoms during the red tide. C. geminatum was the most abundant species, with a peak density of 4.13×107 cell/L, accounting for >65% of the total phytoplankton density. The DIN/DIP ratio was the most important predictor of species, accounting for 12.45% of the total variation in the phytoplankton community. Heavy phosphorus loading, low precipitation, and severe saline intrusion were likely responsible for the bloom of C. geminatum. 相似文献
14.
Study on the phytoplankton · in a large reservoir 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A comprehensive study on the community structure and function of the phytoplankton in Taipinghu Reservoir, the largest reservoir
(9400 ha) in Anhui Province, China, was carried out during 1985–1986. A total of 175 species of algae belonging to 8 phyla
and 87 genera was noted. The composition of phytoplankton was dominated by species of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta.
The species number, cell density and biomass of the three groups were respectively 88%, 86.5% and 78.9% of the total phytoplankton.
The weighted annual average biomass was 1.52 mg/L and cell density was 1.43×106 ind/L. The growth maximum was observed in summer. Diatoms were abundant in the region adjoining a river. A large number of
flagellated algae such asEuglena andChromulina occurred in the artificial fish culture bay.
It can be inferred from the algal composition and total nitrogen concentration (1.48 mg/L) that this reservoir is a mesotrophic
water body that had undergone slight natural eutrophication.
Presented are an equation for the relation between cell density and biomass of algae and a newly developed method based on
the energy flow principle in ecology for theoretically estimating algal fishery potential. The algae volumes of 128 species
were measured for calculating the biomass. 相似文献
15.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(5)
Samples were collected monthly from the sea area around Zhangzi Island,northern Yellow Sea,from July 2009 to June 2010.Vertical net towing was used to examine spatial and temporal variability in zooplankton abundance and biomass.Overall,C alanus sinicus and Saggita crassa were the dominant species found during the study period,while the amphipod T hemisto gracilipes was dominant in winter and spring.Vast numbers of the ctenophore species of the genus Beroe were found in October and November.It was not possible to count them,but they constituted a large portion of the total zooplankton biomass.Zooplankton species diversity was highest in October,and species evenness was highest in April.Zooplankton abundance(non-jellyfi sh)and biomass were highest in June and lowest in August,with annual averages of 131.3 ind./m3and 217.5 mg/m3,respectively.Water temperature may be responsible for the variations in zooplankton abundance and biomass.B eroe biomass was negatively correlated with other zooplankton abundance.Longterm investigations will be carried out to learn more about the infl uence of the environment on zooplankton assemblages. 相似文献
16.
STUDY ON THE PHYTOPLANKTON.IN A LARGE RESERVOIR 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
夏宜 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1992,(4)
A comprehensive study on the community structure and function of the phytoplankton in Taipinghu Reservoir, the largest reservoir (9400 ha) in Anhui Province, China, was carried out dur ing 1985- 1986. A total of 175 species of algae belonging to 8 phyla and 87 genera was noted. The composition of phytoplankton was dominated by species of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta. The species number, cell density and biomass of the three groups were respectively 88%, 86.5% and 78.9% of the total phytopiankton. The weighted annual average biomass was 1.52 mg/L and cell density was 1.43 x 106 ind/L. The growth maximum was observed in summer. Diatoms were abundant in the region adjoining a river. A large number of flagellated algae such as Euglena and Chromulina occurred in the artificial fish culture bay.It can be inferred from the algal composition and total nitrogen concentration (1.48mg/L) that this reservoir is a mesotrophic water body that had undergone slight natural eutrophication.Presented are an 相似文献
17.
Most urban rivers play an important role in urban flood control and drainage in China, but pollution is fast becoming an issue of greater importance in water management. In this study, 63 zooplankton species were recorded in four downtown rivers in Shanghai between November 2007 and October 2008. Of these, 44 species belonged to the Rotifera, 13 to Cladocera, and six to Copepoda. The three most frequently occurring zooplankton （Brachionus calyciflorus, Microcyclops Ieuckarti, and Asplanchna priodonta） accounted for 80.00%, 76.84%, and 53.68%, respectively. Rotifera were found to be dominant, comprising 86.26% of total zooplankton, while cladoceran and copepod abundance amounted to 5.08% and 8.67%, respectively. Water temperature, salinity, electrical conductivity, and total nitrogen were of the greatest significance in the occurrence of zooplankton. Two species （Schmackeria forbesi and Lepadella ovalis） were notably more sensitive to environmental factors such as salinity and electrical conductivity than other species. The population size and community were inversely correlated with the increasing nutrient levels of the four rivers, suggesting that the water quality of the four rivers had been gradually recovering from a severe eutrophic state and that water conditions of the rivers had been gradually improved. 相似文献
18.
The sediment diatom data based on a 16 cm long sediment core removed from near the center of the lake indicated that nutrient
pollution tolerant diatoms have replaced pollution intolerant taxa which were common near the base of the core (about 35 years
before present). These observations support the hypothesis that there is progressive eutrophication in Xuanwu Lake. This conclusion
is corroborated by direct comparisons of the present day phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition within the lake
and published accounts of its species composition during the mid 1970s. 相似文献
19.
We assessed the potential of marine ciliate community as an indicator to coastal water quality using water samples collected from four stations in the Yellow Sea in the summer 2000. The four stations were characterized by different levels of pollution. The ciliate communities consisted primarily of tintinnids and aloricate ciliates that were <30 μm. A total of 78 species were classified: 55 species at Station 2, 51 species each at Stations 1 and 4, and 47 species at Station 3. The mean number of species at each site was 29.2±2.0 (Station 1), 28.5±2.9 (Station 2), 27.8±1.7 (Station 3), and 24.5±2.3 (Station 4). The abundance was highly variable: 19 331±11 187 ind./L at Station 1, 7 960±5 639 ind./L at Station 2, 29 015±12 999 ind./L at Station 3, and 8 190±4 658 ind./L at Station 4. Our results suggest that neither the simple chemical analysis (e.g. chemical oxygen demand, dissolved inorganic nitrogen, and phosphate) nor the eutrophication/pollution index adequately described the water quality at the four stations. The same was true of the number of species and their abundance, both of which had no correlation with the chemical indices. In contrast, Margalef’s diversity index values (3.12 at Station 2, 2.89 at Station 1, and 2.64 at Stations 3 and 4) generally discriminated the water quality status of the four stations. The difference in water quality among the stations was strongly supported by the pattern of species richness (i.e. the total number of species) of ciliates at each station. Our evaluation was consistent with the results of long-term water quality monitoring at the four stations. With increasing eutrophication, we observed also a compositional and functional shift in the ciliate assemblages from algivorous oligotrich/choreotrich to nonselective-omnivorous gymnostomatids to bacterivorous-detrivorous scuticociliatids. Thus, ciliates may be used to indicate the coastal water quality status of a given site. 相似文献