共查询到10条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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非饱和（冻）土导热系数预估模型研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
岩土材料的导热系数是岩土工程温度场分析及建筑热工计算中的重要参数。研究旨在建立一个基于归一化导热系数概念和以土的干燥和饱和状态导热系数为基准的非饱和土导热系数的通用预估模型。通过对文献中328组实测数据的分析发现,将同类土在不同密实度条件下的各种导热系数-含水率曲线簇进行归一化处理后,可以得到惟一的归一化导热系数kr与饱和度Sr（归一化含水率）关系,1/kr与1/Sr呈相关性较好的线性关系,而每支1/kr-1/Sr直线均通过坐标（1,1）点的斜率由土质类型决定。据此提出了一个集成土质类型、密实度（孔隙率）和含水率（饱和度）等因素综合影响的融土和冻土导热系数通用预估模型,并给出了导热系数预估模型中土质参数的取值范围,以及融土和冻土处于完全干燥状态和饱和状态的确定方法。对预估模型进行验证结果表明,所提出的非饱和土导热系数预估模型具有较好准确性。 相似文献
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Gregory D. Lazear 《Hydrogeology Journal》2006,14(8):1582-1598
The Tongue Creek watershed lies on the south flank of Grand Mesa in western Colorado, USA and is a site with 1.5 km of topographic relief, heat flow of 100 mW/m2, thermal conductivity of 3.3 W m–1 °C–1, hydraulic conductivity of 10-8 m/s, a water table that closely follows surface topography, and groundwater temperatures 3–15°C above mean surface temperatures. These data suggest that convective heat transport by groundwater flow has modified the thermal regime of the site. Steady state three-dimensional numerical simulations of heat flow, groundwater flow, and convective transport were used to model these thermal and hydrological data. The simulations provided estimates for the scale of hydraulic conductivity and bedrock base flow discharge within the watershed. The numerical models show that (1) complex three-dimensional flow systems develop with a range of scales from tens of meters to tens of kilometers; (2) mapped springs are frequently found at locations where contours of hydraulic head indicate strong vertical flow at the water table, and; (3) the distribution of groundwater temperatures in water wells as a function of surface elevation is predicted by the model. 相似文献
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为预测非饱和冻土的导热性能,基于土体微观结构,提出了非饱和冻土特征结构识别算法和多元素生成算法,并将该算法与传统有限单元法组合,建立非饱和冻土导热系数蒙特卡洛预测模型。通过土体SEM电镜图像,采用逆向四参数增长识别法识别土体中各组分含量、大小以及各方向分布概率;改进传统的四参数随机增长法,提出了考虑土、水、冰和气的多元素生成算法;基于生成的非饱和冻土模型,通过蒙特卡洛方法获得非饱和冻土导热系数,并与规范中冻土导热系数进行对比,验证了蒙特卡洛法预测模型的合理性（平均误差<4%）;通过多因素分析研究孔隙率、颗粒大小、土体导热性、饱和度以及结冰率对非饱和冻土导热性影响,各因素与导热系数的相关系数依次为：-0.352、-0.098、0.641、0.520和0.060,影响大小为：土颗粒导热性>饱和度>孔隙率>土颗粒大小>结冰率。各影响因素对非饱和冻土导热系数影响可以归纳为对热通量形成“热链”密度、宽度、连通性、热流承载力以及对“热桥”通量的影响。 相似文献
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ZHANG Ming-li WEN Zhi DONG Jian-hua WANG De-kai YUE Guo-dong WANG Bin GAO Qiang 《岩土力学》2020,41(5):1549-1559
In order to understand the hydrothermal activity mechanism of active layers to rainfall in permafrost regions caused by humidification of climate, the differences of ground surface energy balance and hydrothermal activity in different types of shallow soil with the consideration of rainfall were discussed. Based on the meteorological data in 2013 observed at Beiluhe observation station of Tibet Plateau, three types of shallow ground soil (i.e., sandy soil, sandy loam and silty clay) were selected to compare the differences in the water content and energy balance at the ground surface, dynamic processes of water and energy transport in active layers and coupling mechanism under rainfall condition in the plateau using a coupled water-vapor-heat transport model. The results show that the increase of soil particle size leads to the increase of surface net radiation and latent heat of evaporation, but the decrease of soil heat flux. The difference of surface energy balance, especially the sensible heat flux and latent heat of evaporation, are larger in the warm season but smaller in the cold season. The liquid water transport under hydraulic gradient and the water-vapor transport under thermal gradient are obvious as the particle size in soil increases. However, the water-vapor flux under thermal gradient increases but the liquid water flux under hydraulic potential gradient decreases. As a result, the water content in shallow soil decreases accordingly but it increases slightly at the depth of 25 ~75 cm. Moreover, with the increase of soil particle size, the thermal conductivity of soil, convective heat transfer under rainfall and surface evaporation increase, but the soil heat conduction flux and soil temperature gradient decrease. Thus, soil temperature in sandy soil is much higher than that of sandy loam and silty clay at the same depth. The permafrost table declines with the increase of the thickness of active layer, which is unfavourable to permafrost stability. The results can provide theoretical reference for stability prediction and protection of permafrost caused by humidification of climate. 相似文献
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Somenath Mondal G.P. Padmakumar V. Sharma Maryam Shojaei Baghini 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2016,11(1):73-85
Determination of thermal properties of soils (viz., thermal resistivity, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and heat capacity), which primarily influence heat migration through the soil mass, is essential in situations where geomaterials are relentlessly subjected to higher temperatures and temperature variations. These properties of the soil mainly depend upon its type, mineralogy, particle size and gradational characteristics, density and water content. In this context, earlier researchers have determined thermal conductivity of soils by employing a thermal probe (a line heat source), which works on the principle of transient method (TM) of heat conduction. However, this methodology cannot be employed for establishing the heat flow (read thermal regime) through the soil. Hence, development of an alternate technique, which facilitates quantification of temporal and spatial variation of the heat flux and temperature in the soil mass, becomes essential. With this in mind, a methodology to determine thermal conductivity of soils by employing the concept of thermal flux measurement (TFM) has been developed and its details are presented in this paper. Results obtained from the TM and TFM have also been critically evaluated for the sake of validation and generating more confidence in the proposed methodology. 相似文献
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分形渗透模型在饱和冻土中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
冻土中的渗透系数对于评估冻土工程中的水,热和溶质迁移至关重要。以往研究表明,渗透系数主要依赖孔隙结构,经常被描述为孔径大小和孔隙率,但是这两个参数并不能充分地表征孔隙结构。为加强对孔隙结构的描述,引用分形理论研究了冻土中的渗透系数。基于非均匀毛细管束模型和分形理论,提出了饱和冻土中渗透系数的分形模型,并提出通过土体冻结特征曲线获取冻土中孔径分布的理论方法。为了验证分形模型的有效性,对已有实验数据进行分析。分析表明,分形渗透系数模型是毛细管分维、最大孔径、黏度和迂曲度的函数,孔径分布变化是导致冻土渗透系数变化的根本原因。通过对比,计算值与实测值吻合较好。结果表明分形模型可以较好的预测冻土中的渗透系数,研究结果可为冻土渗透机理研究提供参考。 相似文献
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冻土导热系数研究现状及进展 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
冻土导热系数是影响冻土温度及热通量变化的一个重要参数,也是研究陆地表层水热盐耦合运移的基本物理参数。根据国内外研究现状,列举了导热系数的测试方法（稳态法和瞬态法）,总结并讨论了冻土导热系数的影响因素及其变化规律,并对目前已有的导热系数计算模型进行了比较分析。现有研究认为：土壤质地、温度和含水（冰）量、孔隙度、土壤有机质等是影响冻土导热系数的主要因素,因此,冻土土导热系数随这些影响因素的变化规律方面的研究工作非常多;而关于未冻水含量、土骨架组成及冻土结构等对冻土导热系数影响的相关研究较为缺乏。通过比较分析国内外土壤热导率计算的相关模型,认为适用于常温下导热系数的模型发展趋于成熟;而现存的适用于冻土区的导热系数计算模型多以一种或几种土壤条件为前提,或者多考虑局地因素影响,模型的适用性具有局限性。考虑到多年冻土区土壤受冻融循环影响较大,以及多年冻土内部水热传输过程的复杂性,多年冻土区导热系数的计算模型仍需进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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多年冻土区融化层的热传导系数的大小决定了全球气候变化条件下, 多年冻土的响应强弱以及对周围环境的影响.在野外实测与实验室分析的基础上, 研究了黄河源区3种典型岩土的干容重、含水率和温度对导热系数的影响,通过建立起回归方程, 运用Stephen公式近似计算了2002年源区最大冻结和融化深度的分布.结果表明: 黄河源区三种典型岩土的导热系数从小到大依次为腐殖土、碎石亚黏土、细沙;干容重和含水率与导热系数具有较好的正相关关系, 是影响导热系数的主要因素, 在较小的温度变化范围内, 温度对导热系数的影响不明显. 基于实测的导热系数分布模拟得到的最大融化深度在地势较低的黄河干流及"两湖"地区要大于南北高山区, 最大冻结深度的变化规律则相反, 除北部小部分地区最大冻结深度大于最大融化深度外, 源区绝大部分地区活动层处于增厚状态.结果将有助于多年冻土的变化及环境效应的研究. 相似文献
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陆面过程模式对不同土壤物理性质的敏感性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
使用NCAR陆面过程模式（LSM）和荷兰Cabauw1987的大气观测资料，考察了在11种不同的土壤条件下陆面过程模式所模拟的地表能量及水分循环的差异。结果表明，粘土含量较高的土壤具有较好的持水能力，蒸发量和径流量都比较大，而在含砂量高的土壤中，水分大量的下渗，蒸发量和径流量小，从而到地表热通量的分配，在不考虑大气反馈的情况下，各种土壤造成的差异主要出现在春季的4、5月份。 相似文献