共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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基于CA-Markov模型的土地利用格局变化研究 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
以广州市1990年、2000年TM影像为数据源，通过分析宽块和景观两个层次的格局指数变化，研究了20世纪90年代广州市土地利用格局的时空特征。利用马尔柯夫模型和元胞自动机模型，对广州市2010年土地利用空间格局进行了预测。 相似文献
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面向丹江口市的自然资源景观及其变化展开研究,从景观格局的角度进行量化分析。首先整合丹江口市的历史地理时空数据和第三次全国国土调查成果,研究土地利用格局及其时空变化;然后利用景观格局指数方法分析丹江口景观格局的时空变化特性,并据此针对国土资源与人口经济协调发展提供建议。研究发现,2009—2019年丹江口市的优势景观类型基本无变化,除交通运输用地,其他景观类型的破碎度和形状复杂度均呈缓慢上升趋势,景观多样性和丰富度整体也呈上升趋势,说明丹江口市在建设发展过程中的生态环境持续向好。研究成果对于丹江口市土地利用的现状评价与效益提高、城市建设的规划布局和可持续发展具有重要参考意义。 相似文献
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人类社会经济的发展对土地利用和景观格局会产生重要的影响。本文以2010、2015、2020年3期TM遥感影像数据为基础,借助RS与GIS技术对南京市土地利用与景观格局的变化进行分析。研究结果表明,南京市土地类型主要以耕地、林地、建设用地和水域为主,而草地和未利用地面积相对较小,占比不足1%。在研究期间变化过程主要是建设用地在增加,十年间增加了168.86 km2。景观格局分析表明,南京市景观的斑块密度、形状指数、香农多样性指数和均匀度指数不断增加,景观的破碎化程度提高,异质性增强。南京市土地利用和景观格局有明显的变化趋势,城市化和退耕还林是南京市土地利用和景观格局变化的主要因素。 相似文献
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基于GIS和景观生态学的土地整理景观研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用GIS技术和景观生态学理论方法,以安徽省淮南市潘集区市级投资重点土地整理项目为例,选取3类景观指标,对项目区内土地整理前后的土地利用现状和景观格局变化情况进行研究。结果表明： 景观类型中水田斑块占绝对优势,斑块分维数、形状指数呈下降趋势,表明斑块形状趋于规则和简单; 斑块数量和斑块密度降低,平均斑块面积和最大斑块面积增加,最大斑块指数增大,景观破碎度降低; 平均分维数和平均形状指数增大,表明景观形状较整理前变得规则,但总体形态变得复杂; 多样性指数和均匀度指数降低,表明在增加了景观分布均匀程度的同时降低了景观的多样性,景观类型有所减少。 相似文献
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由于传统二维景观格局指数未考虑地形特征对景观格局指数的影响,为进一步研究地形结构对景观格局指数的影响,以重庆主城区为研究对象,利用ENVI5.2、ArcGIS10.5、Fragstats4.2平台,对重庆主城区不同城市化阶段的Landsat影像数据进行土地利用变化和三维景观格局分析。结果表明,2008-2018年研究区土地利用面积发生了较大变化,表现为林地和建设用地增加,耕地减少,湖泊与河流面积变化不大;景观格局变化主要表现为景观受人类干扰较强,随着城镇规划越来越合理,景观破碎度减少,景观异质性降低。通过对比二维景观格局指数发现,三维景观格局指数更能反映研究区的景观格局。 相似文献
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道路网元胞的组成及其配置构成了特定的网络景观,受启发于元胞和景观格局中斑块的相似性,借鉴景观格局分析中的景观指数分析法,提出了一种城市道路网元胞模式分析的新方法——网络景观指数分析法。该方法基于道路类型生成不同类别的元胞,计算网络景观指数,并通过相关分析与因子分析挖掘主要因子,进而解释主要因子及代表指数在道路网模式分析中的含义。应用该方法计算了中国34个城市街道网络的24个指标,发现了4个主要因子:元胞的空间分布与多样性、元胞最大尺寸与延展性差异、元胞平均延展性和元胞平均尺寸与形状复杂度。反映到道路网中,描述了道路的集聚与分散特征、道路类型的多样性、道路网的规则程度等特征。 相似文献
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基于遥感的石家庄市土地利用及其景观格局变化研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于石家庄市1993年TM、2000年ETM+和2007年TM这3个时相的遥感影像,获取不同时期的土地利用信息,分析了石家庄市土地利用的时空变化,并借助FRAGSTATS软件进行景观格局变化研究。研究结果表明,土地利用变化的总趋势是耕地减少,水域和建筑用地增加,土地利用综合程度指数略有下降,研究区整体的斑块数和斑块密度先增加后减少,多样性指数、均匀度指数和形状指数增加,最大斑块指数减小。 相似文献
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三峡水库建设前后10年库区景观空间格局动态变化研究——以重庆开县为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在遥感和地理信息系统技术的支持下,以1992年和2002年TM图像为基础,采用斑块密度、斑块平均面积、景观形状指数、景观分离度指数、景观多样性指数、景观优势度指数、景观相对聚集度指数深入而全面地研究了三峡工程建设前后十年重庆开县景观空间格局的动态变化,本研究的开展旨在为库区生态环境保护提供科学依据。研究结果表明,十年间研究区景观空间格局发生了明显变化,草地、未利用地、旱地、果园和水田面积净减,森林、建设用地、灌木林和水域面积增加,退耕还林已初见成效。 相似文献
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Sadhana Jain Divyani Kohli Ram Mohan Rao Wietske Bijker 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(2):203-212
In recent years, there has been lot of emphasis on the study of urban land use/ land cover changes to discover the growth
pattern due to rapid urbanisation. This study presents spatial metrics and gradient analysis approach for quantifying and
capturing changes in urban landscape using LISS III imagery of 1999, 2001 and 2004 of Gurgaon, India. A combination of spatial
metrics i.e. percentage of landscape, mean patch size, number of patches, landscape shape index and largest patch index, available
in Fragstats ver. 3.3, have been used to quantify the patterns of urban growth in different directions in terms of size, shape
and complexity of development. The local built-up areas were quantified by the “moving window” technique. A gradient analysis
has been carried out through sampling from a reference point to 8 km in 16 directions with a window size of 500 mts. Results
of this study demonstrate the potential of spatial metrics and gradient modelling to quantify the impact of regional factors
on the growth pattern of Gurgaon city. 相似文献
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Landscape patterns in a region have different sizes, shapes and spatial arrangements, which contribute to the spatial heterogeneity of the landscape and are linked to the distinct behavior of thermal environments. There is a lack of research generating landscape metrics from discretized percent impervious surface area data (ISA), which can be used as an indicator of urban spatial structure and level of development, and quantitatively characterizing the spatial patterns of landscapes and land surface temperatures (LST). In this study, linear spectral mixture analysis (LSMA) is used to derive sub-pixel ISA. Continuous fractional cover thresholds are used to discretize percent ISA into different categories related to urban land cover patterns. Landscape metrics are calculated based on different ISA categories and used to quantify urban landscape patterns and LST configurations. The characteristics of LST and percent ISA are quantified by landscape metrics such as indices of patch density, aggregation, connectedness, shape and shape complexity. The urban thermal intensity is also analyzed based on percent ISA. The results indicate that landscape metrics are sensitive to the variation of pixel values of fractional ISA, and the integration of LST, LSMA. Landscape metrics provide a quantitative method for describing the spatial distribution and seasonal variation in urban thermal patterns in response to associated urban land cover patterns. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the spatial heterogeneity of three landscapes along an altitudinal gradient and different human land use. The main aim was the identification of appropriate landscape indicators using different extents. ASTER image was used to create a land cover map consisting of three landscapes which differed in altitude and land use. A number of landscape metrics quantifying patch complexity, configuration, diversity and connectivity were derived from the thematic map at the landscape level. There were significant differences among the three landscapes regarding these four aspects of landscape heterogeneity. The analysis revealed a specific pattern of land use where lowlands are being increasingly utilized by humans (percentage of agricultural land = 65.84%) characterized by physical connectedness (high values of Patch Cohesion Index) and relatively simple geometries (low values of fractal dimension index). The landscape pattern of uplands was found to be highly diverse based upon the Shannon Diversity index. After selecting the scale (600 ha) where metrics values stabilized, it was shown that metrics were more correlated at the small scale of 60 ha. From the original 24 metrics, 14 individual metrics with high Spearman correlation coefficient and Variance Inflation Factor criterion were eliminated, leaving 10 representative metrics for subsequent analysis. Data reduction analysis showed that Patch Density, Area-Weighted Mean Fractal Dimension Index and Patch Cohesion Index are suitable to describe landscape patterns irrespective of the scale. A systematic screening of these metrics could enhance a deeper understanding of the results obtained by them and contribute to a sustainable landscape management of Mediterranean landscapes. 相似文献
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顾及尺度效应和景观格局的土地利用数据综合指标研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从尺度效应和土地利用案观格局影响两个层面研究土地利用数据综合的宏观和微观综合指标,设计土地利用数据综合的指标体系和指标定量化描述模型.在全国各个土地利用分区采集不同尺度的具有典型代表性的土地利用数据样本集,通过空间统计分析等方法,得到土地利用数据综合中的宏观控制性指标和微观图形综合指标的尺度变化规律及其与土地利用格局的关系.以一个县为试验区,验证其合理性.Abstract： Indices for land use data generalization are critical for generating multiscale land use maps and databases. Previous research suffers from two major setbacks. Firstly, determination of threshold values for multi-scale land use data generalization in a large area, such as a nation, remains subjective. A second problem is general ignorance of landscape pattern. This paper studies the index system of land use data generalization from both scale and landscape pattern perspective. We discuss the macro and micro indices of land use data generalization with consideration of spatial scales and landscape pattern. To quantitatively relate the indices and scale and landscape pattern metrics, land use data samples have been collected at multiple spatial scales in various land use regions across China. Based on statistic analysis, we then generate both macro and micro control rules for land use data generalization at various spatial scales and land use patterns. Finally, we prove the proposed method and achieved results to be effective and reasonable with sample data at county level. 相似文献
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Assessment of forest fragmentation in the conservation priority Dudhwa landscape,India using FRAGSTATS computed class level metrics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Dudhwa landscape, a priority conservation area representing Terai ecosystem (woodland-grassland-wetland complex) has witnessed
a sea change in past 150 years or so on account of long history of forest management, changes in land use, and rapid economic
development. We assessed fragmentation in two constituent protected areas (Dudhwa National Park-DNP and Katerniaghat Wildlife
Sanctuary-KAT) of the landscape due to forest management activities (clear cutting, development of rail and road network,
and plantations) and compared the magnitude among them using select metrics at the forest class level. We applied FRAGSTATS
spatial pattern analysis software (ver.3.3) on different forest classes deciphered by land use/ cover maps generated using
IRS P6 LISS IV digital data. Study amply revealed that the forests in DNP are less fragmented and of better habitat quality
than forests of KAT. The set of seven metrics (patch density, mean patch size, edge density, mean shape index, mean core area,
mean nearest neighbour, and interspersion and juxtaposition index) at the class level quantified in the present study are
simple and proved useful for quantifying complex spatial processes and can be used as an effective means of monitoring in
Dudhwa landscape. 相似文献