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遥感蚀变异常信息现已广泛的用于矿产勘查,并在一些地区取得了良好的效果,但由于西南地区地形地貌复杂,地表覆盖严重,给遥感蚀变异常提取带来了很大的困难。如何因地制宜的进行西南地区遥感蚀变异常信息提取工作是我们面临的重要问题。本文以云南酒房地区为例,探讨了西南地区遥感蚀变异常信息提取中遇到的主要问题,结合地形地貌特征进行干扰信息的去除;结合地质背景、成矿条件进行遥感异常信息提取类别的选择;以及结合化探异常进行异常信息后处理等几个方面完善了异常提取的方法,使得遥感蚀变异常提取方法更加具有针对性,通过与现有地质资料的分析,证明本文异常提取方法可以有效的提取西南地区与矿相关的蚀变信息。 相似文献
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矿物蚀变信息是地质找矿的重要依据和手段，利用遥感数据提取蚀变信息是遥感应用领域研究的热点.通过对近年来蚀变信息提取涉及的遥感数据、矿物类别、常用方法等进行梳理，对比分析不同遥感蚀变信息提取方法的效果，总结了遥感蚀变信息提取的发展方向.结果表明，遥感数据朝着高空间分辨率发展，蚀变信息的地面精度随之提高；光谱分辨率的提高使得可提取矿物越来越多；数学方法和人工智能的发展提升了蚀变信息提取方法的应用空间. 相似文献
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青海赛什腾地区位于无人区,穿越条件极差,传统地质找矿勘探工作难以开展,因其植被稀少,有利于多光谱遥感数据提取矿化蚀变信息。本文以Landsat8和Aster数据为数据源,利用成像光谱法以及主成分分析法对赛什腾地区进行矿化蚀变信息的提取,成像光谱法包括最小噪声变换（MNF）,像元纯净指数（PPI）,N维可视化端元识别（N-Dimensional Visualization）以及光谱角匹配（SAM）,最终获得了赛什腾地区矿物信息分布图。利用主成分分析法对Landsat8和Aster数据分别提取黄铁矿、褐铁矿等铁染蚀变矿物和绢云母等羟基蚀变矿物,通过对Aster和Landsat8两种数据提取的蚀变信息进行空间叠加分析,定量地分析对比两种数据的蚀变信息提取效果,具有提高提取蚀变信息准确性的优势。通过样品实测光谱及镜下鉴定特征验证了研究区铁染以及羟基蚀变存在的真实性,并将矿化蚀变信息分布图与野外调查已知矿（化）点坐标进行叠加验证,结果显示矿（化）点坐标基本落在提取的矿化蚀变范围内,说明基于这两种遥感数据的处理方法以及提取结果是可靠的,为圈定找矿靶区以及扩大找矿范围提供了重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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应用 ASTEＲ 多光谱卫星遥感数据,根据与锰矿相关的蚀变矿物光谱特征,采用主成份分析算法,提取了中钢集团所属的澳大利亚 Carpentaria 锰矿矿权区铁染、羟基、碳酸盐化、锰和硅化的蚀变信息。ASTEＲ 数据在锰矿化蚀变信息提取中能更好的识别不同类型含羟基蚀变矿物,能更好的提取含三价 Fe 离子的蚀变信息及锰矿物蚀变信息。对这些蚀变信息进行深入分析将有助于矿权区锰矿地质研究和勘查目标的确定。 相似文献
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矿化蚀变信息提取和构造解译对于成矿预测具有重要意义,分形理论在遥感地质领域可用于揭示隐藏于复杂地形地物信息的精细结构,为遥感矿化蚀变信息提取和解译地质构造的定量分析提供理论基础和新方法。利用Landsat-8 OLI影像与相关的地质资料,基于分形理论研究黑龙江多宝山地区的蚀变信息与构造分形特征。采用“去干扰+波段比值+主成分分析+分形阈值分割”方法对蚀变异常信息进行提取,利用分形理论的盒维数法分别得到线性构造与蚀变信息分维等值线图,分析其空间展布及分形特征;并将构造和蚀变信息叠加与构造、蚀变分维高值区进行对比,同时与成矿地质背景进行比较。结果表明,遥感蚀变分维高值区与蚀变信息密集区一致,构造分形结果与成矿构造空间展布情况一致,叠加信息兼并了两者的优势信息,排除干扰缩小勘查范围,更为有效地突出了成矿有利部位。本文研究尝试了遥感蚀变异常与构造信息叠加的分形特征分析方法,不但可增加遥感信息利用度与精准性,同时分析结果反映其与实际成矿地质背景和勘查成果更加符合,可作为遥感信息综合找矿预测的一种新理论和新方法,也为研究区下一步勘查工作提供理论依据和找矿方向。 相似文献
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研究区位于我国西北部干旱地区,植被稀少,为利用多光谱遥感数据进行蚀变信息提取提供了便利条件,对寻找内生矿床尤其是热液矿床有着重要作用。本文基于OLI数据和ASTER数据,利用主成分分析法(PCA)对都兰县通突尔铅锌多金属矿区进行了羟基蚀变信息提取并取得了良好的效果,已知矿点与提取的羟基蚀变异常吻合程度较高。由于ASTER数据对可见光-短波红外部分的谱段进行了细分,故基于ASTER数据提取出了两类羟基蚀变信息,含铝羟基蚀变(高岭土、绢云母、伊利石等)和含镁羟基蚀变(绿帘石、绿泥石)。通过两类数据蚀变信息的相互补充,为快速寻找矿产勘查靶区提供了有力依据。 相似文献
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遥感蚀变信息提取方法在西天山班禅沟一带铜、铁矿找矿中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
应用遥感蚀变信息提取的方法,对新疆和静县班禅沟一带地表出露的与铜、铁矿有关的蚀变形成的特征波谱信息进行提取,综合分析影像特征和线性构造、环状构造的特点,初步圈定了该地区铜、铁矿化蚀变带的分布。通过野外的验证工作,据此建立了该地区应用遥感蚀变信息异常、影像地质特征进行找矿的模型。 相似文献
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Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献
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Pressure Increases, the Formation of Chromite Seams, and the Development of the Ultramafic Series in the Stillwater Complex, Montana 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper explores the hypothesis that chromite seams in theStillwater Complex formed in response to periodic increasesin total pressure in the chamber. Total pressure increased becauseof the positive V of nucleation of CO2 bubbles in the melt andtheir subsequent rise through the magma chamber, during whichthe bubbles increased in volume by a factor of 4–6. Byanalogy with the pressure changes in the summit chambers ofKilauea and Krafla volcanoes, the maximum variation was 0•2–0•25kbar, or 5–10% of the total pressure in the Stillwaterchamber. An evaluation of the likelihood of fountaining andmixing of a new, primitive liquid that entered the chamber withthe somewhat more evolved liquid already in the chamber is basedupon calculations using observed and inferred velocities andflow rates of basaltic magmas moving through volcanic fissures.The calculations indicate that hot, dense magma would have oozed,rather than fountained into the chamber, and early mixing ofthe new and residual magmas that could have resulted in chromitecrystallizing alone did not take place. Mixing was an important process in the Stillwater magma chamber,however. After the new magma in the chamber underwent {smalltilde}5% fractional crystallization, its composition, temperature,and density approached those of the overlying liquid in thechamber and the liquids then mixed. If this process occurredmany times over the course of the development of the Ultramaficseries, a thick column of magma with orthopyroxene on its liquiduswould have been the result. Thus, the sequence of multiple injections,fractionation, and mixing with previously fractionated magmacould have been the mechanism that produced the thick bronzitecumulate layer (the Bronzitite zone) above the cyclic units. 相似文献
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以出露在西藏南木林县秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体为研究对象,从野外地质调查、岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、元素和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学等方面对其进行了分析研究。结果显示：秦马弄地区二长花岗岩体类似于A型花岗岩,形成于古近纪(E1),其LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(62.0±0.5)~(63.0±0.5) Ma;岩体形成的温度较高(锆石饱和温度为745~805 ℃,平均766 ℃);岩石富SiO2(72.6%~75.0%)、Na2O(2.86%~3.59%)和K2O(4.12%~5.25%),贫CaO(0.72%~1.39%)和MgO(0.26%~0.36%),高FeOT/MgO值(7.26~10.3),属高钾钙碱性系列,弱过铝质;岩石具明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.40~0.70),普遍表现出Ba、Sr、P、Ti元素的亏损和Rb、Th、K、Zr、Hf元素的富集。εHf(t)值为-4.7~-1.8,其两阶段地壳Hf模式年龄tDM2为(1.1~1.3) Ga。秦马弄A型花岗岩体是冈底斯基底地壳物质部分熔融的岩浆产物,形成于古近纪印度板块与欧亚板块俯冲碰撞引起的总体为岛弧背景下的局部拉张构造环境。 相似文献