共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
例举了杭州地震台投入超低频数字地震电磁辐射仪（EMAOS-L）以来的两组临震前电磁辐射观测异常资料现象,并对观测资料进行了分析和探讨。 相似文献
3.
O.Molchanov E.Fedorov A.Schekotov E.Gordeev V.Chebrov V.Surkov A.Rozhnoi S.Andreevsky D.Iudin S.Yunga A.Lutikov M.Hayakawa P.F.Biagi 滕荣荣 《世界地震译丛》2009,(2):40-52
介绍了大气层和电离层震前现象机制的基本观念。简短回顾了观测结果后,我们得出结论：1．流体下层物质（气泡）向上迁移能导致近地表的热水／气体被逐出,并在强度弱化的地区引发地震;2．因此,气泡出现的时间和地点是随机的,但是地震、地球化学异常和前震（地震、SA和超低频电磁异常）是随机关联的;3．大气温度和密度扰动跟随着震前热水／气体释放,导致产生周期为6～60min的大气重力波（AGW）;4．地震引发的大气重力波能导致电离层扰动变化并导致大气层中地平线上无线电波传播、下部电离层低频波扰动和地面超低频辐射衰减的变化。 相似文献
4.
大地震发生前中、小地震活动所显示的异常变化,包括地震活动的时、空、强等因素。为从中、小地震活动中发掘和研究这些具有应用价值的前兆信息,本文采用长期历史地震资料和现代观测资料,对中、小地震活动的时、空变化进行初步的探讨。 中、小地震活动的一个显著特征是,其变化不仅在大地震前存在,而且没有大地震发生时也存在。若将大震前的变化视为异常变化,没有大震发生时的变化视为正常变化,分析异常变化与正常变化之间的区别和关系,有助于异常的识别,并在地震预报中具有一定的实用意义。 相似文献
5.
6.
应用Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱分析方法，对１９８９年１月至１９９０年７月发生在唐山地区的２０个地震和１９８８年７月至１９８９年１０月发生在大同周围地区１０个地震波（体波和面波）资料，及华北地区和西南地区自１９５９年以来ＭＬ≥２．０地震目录资料的频谱进行了分析，从而对几次大地震前地震波和地震活动性波频谱异常变化特征进行了研究。所得结果表明：较大地震前，地震波（体波和面波）及地震活动性的ｆｄ，均可能呈现出较明显的下降异常变化；地震波及地震活动性的ｆｄ变化可能成为地震预报的有用指标；Ｓｏｍｐｉ谱方法在处理地震波及地震活动性资料的应用是可行的 相似文献
7.
本文选择2011年3月11日M9.0日本东北大地震震中附近三个地磁台站16个月(2010/01/01—2011/04/30)的特低频地磁观测资料,采用去倾扰动分析方法,得到了这三个台站地磁记录的非均匀标度特征随时间的变化,提出了一种能反映地磁三分量非均匀标度特征同步变化的指标,并据此探讨了特低频地磁信号分形标度特征变化与日本东北大地震之间的可能关联性,初步结果表明,这三个台站的特低频地磁信号分形标度特征指标在日本东北大地震前25~50天左右呈现出同步的异常增加,基于磁静日观测资料的随机合成地磁数据的统计检验结果可知前述异常并非随机异常,而是一种具有统计显著性的异常,可能反映了日本东北大地震对周边地磁信号内在的非线性系统特征产生了有统计意义的影响. 相似文献
8.
对中国钻孔应变台网观测到的昆仑山口西MS8.1大地震的应变阶资料的研究结果表明:① 很多观测值与静力位错理论计算值不符合；② 北方地震较活跃地区的很多台站观测到异常大的应变阶，而南方构造运动较不活跃地区的台站虽然也观测到地震波动，但是应变阶不明显. 由此推断，地震的触发（可能是动态触发）作用对远场的实际地震应变变化具有重要影响. 也就是说，远场的构造活动（可能是断层活动）是否曾被地震触发，可能决定当地的应变场变化的主要特征. 进一步对昌平台1999年3月11日张北地震与1999年11月1日大同地震的观测资料对比分析表明:断裂带的分布情况对实际地震应变变化有直接影响. 这证明观测到的异常大的地震应变阶可能是地震触发了当地的断层活动的表现. 相似文献
9.
江宁地电新台于１９９６年开始在新台址处正式观测。经４年的观测资料积累,已具备条件对新台的监测预报效能进行评价。评价表明,江宁地电新台观测资料可靠,观测精度较高。因１９９６年１１月９日南黄海Ｍｓ６．１地震（△３９６ｋｍ）和１９９７年７月２８日南海Ｍｓ５．１地震（△３６０ｋｍ）前,地电阻率值显示了较好的前兆异常。对台址测区附近（△〈１０ｋｍ）发生的ＭＬ２．１地震,江宁地电新台地率也观测到异常变化。由此 相似文献
10.
分析了近２０年来中国大陆强震（Ｍ≥７．０）和华北地区中强地震前广义前震序列时间和空间分布的多分形特征，计算其广义分维谱Ｄｑ和标度指数谱Ｆ（α），并探讨了它们随时间的变化．结果表明：（１）对广义前震活动，在所研究地区的时、空分布，均呈现多分形结构；（２）大地震发生前半年至一年，地震活动时、空分布的高次分维Ｄ∞呈下降趋势．这种降维特征，亦在实验室含水大样本岩石破坏前，声发射序列Ｄ∞的变化中观测到；（３）与中强地震相比，大地震孕育区地震活动的空间高次分维偏低，表明地壳应力分布的高度不均匀性，是板内大地震孕育环境中的本质因素之一． 相似文献
11.
In this paper, the changes in sediment transport over 51 years from 1955 to 2006 in the Kuye River in the Loess Plateau in China are assessed. Key factors affecting sediment yield and sediment transport, such as precipitation depth, discharge, and human activities are studied. To investigate the changes in sediment yield in this watershed, a trend analysis on sediment concentration, precipitation depth, and discharge is conducted. Precipitation depths at 2 Climate Stations （CSs）, as well as discharge and sediment transport at 3 Gauging Stations （GSs） are used to assess the features of sediment transport in the Kuye River. The rtmoff modulus （defined as the annual average discharge per unit area, L/（s·km^2）） and the sediment transport modulus （defined as the annual suspended sediment transport per unit area, t/（yr km^2）） are introduced in this study to assess the changes in runoff and sediment yield for this watershed. The results show that the highest average monthly discharge during the study period in the Kuye River is 66.23 m^3/s in August with an average monthly sediment concentration of 88.9 kg/m^3. However, the highest average monthly sediment concentration during the study period in the Kuye River is 125.34 kg/m^3 and occurs in July, which has an average discharge of 42.6 m^3/s that is much less than the average monthly discharge in August. It is found that both the runoff modulus and sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS on the Kuye River has a clear downward trend. During the summer season from July to August, the sediment transport modulus at Wenjiachuan GS is much higher than those at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs on the Yellow River. The easily erodible loess in the Kuye River watershed and the sparse vegetation are responsible for the extremely high sediment yield from the Kuye River watershed. The analyses of the grain size distribution of suspended load in the Kuye River are presented. The average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Kuye River is largest in February and then decreases until June. In July, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load approaches another peak and decreases until September. Then, the median grain size of suspended load starts to increase until February of the following year. However, the average monthly median grain size of suspended load in the Yellow River at Toudaoguai and Longmen GSs is the smallest between early summer and late fall The median grain size in the Yellow River starts to increase in November and approaches the largest size in January. 相似文献
12.
3He/4He ratios up to 3.5 times the ratio of atmospheric He were found in groundwater samples. The3He enrichment can be attributed to radiogenic3He produced by in-situ beta-decay of3H. This shows that tritiogenic3He is accumulating in confined waters. From tritiogenic3He and3H concentrations, ages of groundwaters can be calculated. Detection of tritiogenic3He gives a tool to trace a tritium contamination which occurred in the past and cannot be assessed only by the3H counting method. 相似文献
13.
14.
The aim of this study is to estimate likely changes in flood indices under a future climate and to assess the uncertainty in these estimates for selected catchments in Poland. Precipitation and temperature time series from climate simulations from the EURO-CORDEX initiative for the periods 1971–2000, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios have been used to produce hydrological simulations based on the HBV hydrological model. As the climate model outputs for Poland are highly biased, post processing in the form of bias correction was first performed so that the climate time series could be applied in hydrological simulations at a catchment-scale. The results indicate that bias correction significantly improves flow simulations and estimated flood indices based on comparisons with simulations from observed climate data for the control period. The estimated changes in the mean annual flood and in flood quantiles under a future climate indicate a large spread in the estimates both within and between the catchments. An ANOVA analysis was used to assess the relative contributions of the 2 emission scenarios, the 7 climate models and the 4 bias correction methods to the total spread in the projected changes in extreme river flow indices for each catchment. The analysis indicates that the differences between climate models generally make the largest contribution to the spread in the ensemble of the three factors considered. The results for bias corrected data show small differences between the four bias correction methods considered, and, in contrast with the results for uncorrected simulations, project increases in flood indices for most catchments under a future climate. 相似文献
15.
Observations of trace gases (SO2, NH3, NO2 and O3) were made during the period 1981 to 1984 at 6 different locations representative of urban industrial, urban, nonurban, thermal power plant and marine environment. Diurnal variations of the trace gases were studied in an urban environment. Except in the urban industrial environment, the concentration of NH3 was found in the range of background values. Also, the average concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the different environments were in the order of background values. However, the concentrations of SO2 were substantially higher by about 7 times, in urban industrial and thermal power plant environments. The diurnal variations of SO2, NH3 and NO2 showed anitphase relationship with surface temperature at the urban environment station which is relatively free of industrial pollution. Discussion is centred on trace gas variations in different environments in India together with the values reported for various countries in the world. 相似文献
16.
Cu concentrations in surface (river and lake) and subsurface waters are determined. The geographic pattern of Cu distribution in natural water is identified. This pattern is controlled by the difference between its concentrations in drained rocks and soils and the geochemical redox conditions of its migration. Territories with low, medium, and elevated Cu concentrations in natural waters are identified. The concentrations of Cu in natural waters of the region are found to be generally lower than the Clarke values. 相似文献
17.
Changes in thermal extremes of the climate of Poland in 1951–2010 are examined. Warm extremes have become more frequent, while cold extremes have become less frequent. In the warming climate of Poland, the increase in the number of extremely warm days in a year and the decrease in the number of extremely cold days in a year have been observed. Also the increase of the maximum number of consecutive hot days in a year and the decrease of the maximum number of consecutive very cold and extremely cold days in a year have been observed. However, the trends are not of ubiquitous statistic significance, as the natural variability is strong. 相似文献
18.
19.
M. MONIRUL QADER MIRZA 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(5):613-631
Abstract The basin area of the Ganges River in Bangladesh is extremely dependent on a regular water supply from upstream to meet requirements for agriculture, fisheries, navigation, salinity control, and domestic and industrial sectors. In 1975, India commissioned a barrage on the Ganges River at Farakka to divert a significant portion of the dry season flow in order to make the Calcutta Port navigable. Statistical analyses of discharge and water level data have been carried out to determine if significant changes have occurred in the hydrology of the Ganges system in Bangladesh in the post-Farakka period. Siltation of the Gorai River (an offtake of the Ganges River) has also been examined using the stage-discharge relationship and regression analysis. The analyses show that the diversion has caused considerable hydrological changes in the Ganges system in Bangladesh. The water supply in the dry season has been reduced substantially, while siltation of the Gorai River has increased significantly. 相似文献
20.
Ingvar B. Fridleifsson 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1978,117(1-2):242-252
In an active spreading area like Iceland, where the regional geothermal gradient is in the range 50–150°C/km, it is normally not a problem to find high enough temperature with deep drilling, but the difficulties arise with finding permeable layers at depth within the strata. Various volcanological methods can be applied in the search for aquifers and geothermal reservoir rocks. The flow pattern (as deduced from deuterium studies) indicates that the thermal water flows preferentially along high porosity stratiform horizons and dyke swarms from the recharge areas in the highlands to the hot spring areas in the lowlands. The primary porosity of the volcanic strata is dependent on the chemical composition and the mode of eruption of the volcanic units. Both the reservoir rocks and the flow channels forming the geothermal plumbing system are thought to vary from the Tertiary to the Quaternary provinces due to environmental conditions at the eruptive sites. 相似文献