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城市空间基础信息平台中的空间信息服务存在语义不一致、服务集成困难等问题,使得平台的空间信息共享出现瓶颈。针对这一问题,本文提出一种基于领域本体的网格化城市信息共享模型,在平台技术架构之上,建立具有本体语义的空间信息网格,从面向具体应用的角度描述空间信息服务,消除平台空间信息服务之间语义的不一致,网格化管理平台的空间数据与软件服务资源。实验表明,该模型有助于更好地实现平台的地理信息服务与共享。 相似文献
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城市地理空间数据集成应用探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
城市地理空间数据是表达城市地理要素的数量、质量、分布特征、相互关系、变化规律的位置信息和属性信息。分析城市地理空间数据的组成结构、组织管理、集成利用,并将这些数据有效应用于城市地理信息系统建设之中,将在城市信息化道路上起到举足轻重的作用。该文以开发的"兰州市城关区地理信息集成系统"为例,重点阐述了城市地理空间数据的构成与获取方式,研究了城市地理空间数据与业务部门数据的集成方法,并对城市地理空间数据在晕渲图制作、三维景观生成、数据可视化等主要应用上进行了分析和探讨。 相似文献
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武汉市地理空间信息共享服务平台的建设与应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
武汉市地理空间信息共享服务平台建设是"数字武汉空间数据基础设施"建设的核心内容.该平台按照"数字城市"的理念和框架,集成了武汉市多源、多尺度、多时态的空间数据,实现了跨部门、跨平台的空间信息共享共用,为政府部门和相关行业提供在线的地理信息网络服务,在武汉市经济社会发展和和谐社会建设中得到了广泛应用. 相似文献
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针对多源海量地下空间信息的管理和应用需求,对城市地下空间信息管理关键技术进行了研究,提出并实现了"地上地下全空间一体化数据组织存储和融合技术"和"海量地上地下全空间一体化数据可视化技术",并将其应用于城市地下空间信息管理平台建设.平台通过地上地下全空间信息集成管理与融合,以及地下轨道交通选址分析、大型建筑物适宜性分析等应用分析功能,为城市地下空间信息管理与地下空间规划、设计、施工提供有利技术支撑与专业决策支持,提高城市地下空间规划、建设的合理性和实效性. 相似文献
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基于网格的地理空间信息服务关键技术研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
地理信息服务主要解决传统的地理信息系统所访问的地理信息资源共享问题.提出了基于网格的地理信息服务技术体系,建立了基于网格地理信息服务概念框架,以及基于网格地理空间信息服务平台的层次结构.探讨了地理空间数据网络传输保密技术、多源地理空间数据无缝集成技术、地理空间信息多级格网搜索技术、地理空间数据的无损压缩技术和地理空间信息服务规范5个方面的地理信息服务关键技术. 相似文献
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地理空间数据资源是国家重要的信息资源和战略资源,利用基础地理空间信息数据,集成和整合与地理空间位置有关的社会经济发展需要的信息数据对推进信息化建设、防止"信息孤岛"及重复投入具有十分重要的意义。本文论述了新疆地理空间数据资源共享交换平台的初期建设情况,通过该平台的建设可以实现全疆地理空间数据资源的跨部门共享交换和开发利用,对于加快新疆地理空间数据资源开放共享机制建立健全的步伐有积极作用。 相似文献
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研究了在海量空间数据的背景下,GIS,SOLAP,SOLAM在空间决策中的应用和意义,并通过分析空间数据探索空间过程机理,从而实现信息反演及空间信息处理这一过程,得到目前智能空间决策支持系统框架的一般模式。基于以上研究,提出了集成空间信息分析处理技术的智能决策支持系统的框架模型。 相似文献
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Multiple intra-urban land use simulations and driving factors analysis: a case study in Huicheng,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Simulations of intra-urban land use changes have gradually attracted more attention as these approaches are extremely helpful in regard to decision making and policy formulation. While prior studies mostly focused on methods of developing intra-urban level simulations, very little research has been conducted explain the factors driving intra-urban land use change. Urban planners are highly concerned with how inner-city structures are formed and how they function. Here, to simulate multiple intra-urban land use changes and to identify the contribution of different driving factors, we developed a random forests (RF) algorithm-based cellular automata (CA) simulation model. In this study, the model applied diverse categories of spatial variables, including traffic location factors, environmental factors, public services, and population density, as the driving factors to enhance our understanding of the dynamics of internal urban land use. The CA model was tested using data from the Huicheng district of Huizhou city in the Guangdong province of China. The Model was validated using actual historical land use data from 2000 to 2010. By applying the validated model, multiple intra-urban land use maps were simulated for 2015. Simultaneously, spatial variable importance measures (VIMs) were calculated by using the out-of-bag (OOB) error estimation approach of the RF algorithm. Based on the calculation results, we assessed and analysed the significance of each intra-urban land use driver for this region. This study provides urban planners and relevant scholars with detailed and targeted information that can aid in the formulation of specific planning strategies for different intra-urban land uses and support the future evolution of this area. 相似文献
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针对中、低分辨率影像采用常规分类方法进行变化检测无法取得理想效果的问题,本文提出了一种基于比值法的雷达数据和光学影像相结合的城市变化检测方法。该方法综合雷达数据和光学影像的优势,以赣州定南县为研究对象,首先利用比值法分别对两种数据源进行城市变化检测,然后通过分析城区地物目标散射特性,对多个时相变化情况进行真彩色合成,最后结合城市建设规划进行分析验证,从而完成城市实时动态变化检测。试验结果表明,利用多源多时相数据进行比值法可成功地提取出试验区域的变化信息,在城区建筑变化检测中,纹理信息更清晰,准确性更高。 相似文献
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Soe Win Myint 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):29-40
Abstract Attempts to analyze urban features and to classify land use and land cover directly from high‐resolution satellite data with traditional computer classification techniques have proven to be inefficient for two primary reasons. First, urban landscapes are composed of complex features. Second, traditional classifiers employ spectral information based on single pixel value and ignore a great amount of spatial information. Texture plays an important role in image segmentation and object recognition, as well as in interpretation of images in a variety of applications. This study analyzes urban texture features in multi‐spectral image data. Recent developments in the very powerful mathematical theory of wavelet transforms have received overwhelming attention by image analysts. An evaluation of the ability of wavelet transform in urban feature extraction and classification was performed in this study, with six types of urban land cover features classified. The preliminary results of this research indicate that the accuracy of texture analysis in classifying urban features in fine resolution image data could be significantly improved with the use of wavelet transform approach. 相似文献
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The surface fabric of urbanized areas, (i.e. its constituent land covers and land uses) plays an essential role in the generation of the urban/rural temperature differences, i.e. the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect. Land surface information, derived from satellite imagery, and complementary information such as demographics can be used as the basis for an understanding of the atmospheric and surface thermal variations within cities. The results of comprehensive land surface characterizations of two major Canadian urban areas, the Greater Toronto Area and Ottawa-Gatineau, are described. Spatial information, including land cover fraction maps, land use and its historic changes, population density maps are compared with intra-urban surface temperature variations derived from satellite thermal imagery. Three aspects of the impacts of land cover and land use on urban land thermal characteristics are addressed, namely, (a) the relationships between surface temperature and subpixel land cover and population density (b) intra-city seasonal temperature variations and (c) the intensification of the urban heat island effect due to urban built-up land growth. 相似文献
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C. R. Suribabu J. Bhaskar T. R. Neelakantan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(4):699-708
The rapid growth of urban population in India is a cause of concern among country??s urban and town planners for efficient urban planning. The drastic growth of urban areas has resulted in sharp land use and land cover changes. In recent years, the significance of spatial data technologies, especially the application of remotely sensed data and geographical information systems (GIS) has been widely used. The present study investigates the urban growth of Tiruchirapalli city, Tamilnadu using IRS satellite data for the years 1989, 1992, 1995, 1998, 2001, 2004, 2007, and 2010. The eight satellite images are enhanced using convolution spatial enhancement method with Kernel (7?×?7) edge enhance function. Supervised classification method is used to classify the urban land use and land cover. The GIS is used to prepare the different layers belonging to various land uses identified from remotely sensed data. The analysis of the results show the drastic increase of built up area and reduced green cover within the city boundary limit. 相似文献
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人类大规模的活动与自然资源开发,引起了全球范围内的生态环境以及可更新资源的迅速变化。快速、定量监测这些变化,已成为遥感应用研究新的发展领域。 本文叙述了有关资源环境动态遥感监测研究方面的初步探索性工作,主要包括利用图像处理系统,根据专题变化因素的光谱亮度统计进行密度、比值和纹理处理、不同时期遥感信息的复合处理和规一化差值及主成分分析法的“亮度”、“绿度”差值分析;利用地理信息系统,采用覆盖分析和局部更新法进行再生资源变化图件的快速更新,以及为研究再生资源动态变化规律,而进行的多变量相关、区域回归分析方法。 相似文献
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中国的国民经济和社会发展规划、土地利用总体规划以及城乡规划都是法定规划,但由于规划主体、技术标准和编制办法、实施手段和监督机制等的不同,导致"三规分离"、各个规划之间相互冲突的问题较为突出。虽然国家为了消除冲突,正在开展"三规合一"的有关工作,但缺乏有关技术手段的支持。本文以地理信息科学为出发点,对地理过程建模在国内外研究中的应用进行了总结,阐述了地理模拟与优化的框架体系可以成为目前中国正在进行的"三规合一"工作的重要理论和方法支撑。 相似文献
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Abstract This study advocates the use of GIS and remote sensing technologies to establish urban evolution maps and assess the impact of urbanization on agricultural areas over the last three decades. The target area is the city of Béni‐Mellal, located in central Morocco. The methodology adopted makes use of panchromatic SPOT images to survey the urban areas during the 1980s and 1990s. Available topographic maps provided the information for the 1970s. Maps and statistics of land use and urban growth for Béni Mellal were established after manually classifying images on a per-polygon basis and digitizing topographic maps using GIS capabilities. The results show an increase in dense urban area by 980.7 ha from the 1970s to the 1990s. This increase occurred at the expense of forests (24.7 ha), plantations (752.3 ha), rangeland (113.4 ha), non‐irrigated land (69.7 ha), and irrigated land (20.6 ha). During this period, scattered urban areas, predominantly suburbs, increased by 755.9 ha to the detriment of forests (14.9 ha), plantations (109.8 ha), rangeland (138.9 ha), non‐irrigated land(400.5 ha), and irrigated land (91.9 ha). These cartographic and statistic results are efficient decision‐making tools for protecting agricultural land and planning urban and suburban areas. 相似文献
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不同时相遥感影像变化检测已成为土地利用变更调查、城市扩张分析、自然灾害分析及其他环境问题必不可少的技术手段之一。本文提出了一种结合IR-MAD与均值漂移算法的密集城区遥感影像变化检测方法。该方法通过伪不变特征法完成两期影像的相对辐射校正，有效改善影像间的配准误差，并利用IR-MAD算法对校正后的影像进行迭代运算，采用均值漂移算法对迭代后的影像进行分割，同时运用形态学方法处理分割后的影像，最终提取变化图斑。试验结果表明，该方法可以有效检测出变化区域，可应用于城市地表覆盖的变化检测。 相似文献