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1.
This paper presents charge-couple device (CCD) photometric observations for the eclipsing binary AW UMa. The V-band light curve in 2007 was analyzed using the 2003 version of the Wilson–Devinney code. It is confirmed that AW UMa is a total eclipsing binary with a higher degree of contact f=80.2% and a lower mass ratio of q=0.076. From the (O−C) curve, the orbital period shows a continuous period decrease at a rate of dP/dt=−2.05×10−7 d yr−1. The long-term period decrease suggested that AW UMa is undergoing the mass transfer from the primary component to the secondary one, accompanied by angular momentum loss due to mass outflow L 2. Weak evidence indicates that there exists a cyclic variation with a period of 17.6 yr and a small amplitude of A=0. d 0019, which may be attributed to the light-time effect via the third body. If the existence of an additional body is true, it may remove a great amount of angular momentum from the central system. For this kind of contact binary, as the orbital period decreases, the shrinking of the inner and outer critical Roche lobes will cause the contact degree f to increase. Finally, this kind of binary will merge into a single rapid-rotation star.  相似文献   

2.
The variability of the optical and X-ray fluxes from the binary GS 1826-238 is investigated. An epoch-folding analysis of the optical data obtained with the RTT-150 telescope in 2003–2004 has revealed periodic brightness variations in the source with a period P orb = 2.24940 ± 0.00015 h with a high statistical significance. When estimating the detection significance of the periodic signal, we have specially taken into account the presence of a powerful aperiodic component (“red noise”) in the source’s brightness variability. The source’s power density spectra in the frequency range ∼10−5–0.01 Hz have been obtained. We have detected a statistically significant break in the power density spectrum of GS 1826-238 at a frequency ν br ≈ (8.48 ± 0.14) × 10−5 Hz in both optical and X-ray energy bands. We have estimated the orbital period of the binary GS 1826-238 using the correlation between the break frequency in the power density spectrum and the orbital period of binaries, P orb ∝ 1/ν br, found by Gilfanov and Arefiev (2005): P orb = 3.7 ± 0.8 h and P orb = 11.3 ± 5.9 h when using Sco X-1 and 1H 16267-273, respectively, as reference sources. It seems to us that the method for estimating the orbital periods of low-mass X-ray binaries using the correlation P orb ∝ 1/ν br may turn out to be very promising, especially for persistent low-luminosity X-ray binaries.  相似文献   

3.
A new orbital period analysis for U Geminorum is made by means of the standard O–C technique based on 187 times of light minima including the three newest CCD data from our observation. Although there are large scatter near 70,000 cycles in its O–C diagram, there is strong evidence (>99.9% confidence level) to show the secular increase of orbital period with a rate  s−1. Using the physical parameters recently derived by Echevarría et al. (Astron. J. 134:262, 2007), the range of mass transfer rate for U Geminorum is estimated as from −3.5(5)×10−9 M ⊙ yr−1 to −1.30(6)×10−8 M ⊙ yr−1. Moreover, the data before 60,000 cycles shows the obvious quasi-period variations. The least square estimation of a ∼17.4 yr quasi-periodic variation superimposed on secular orbital period increase is derived. Considering the possibility that solar-type magnetic activity cycles in the secondary star of U Geminorum may produce the quasi-period variations of the orbital period, Applegate’s mechanism is discussed and the results indicate such mechanism has difficulty explaining the quasi-period variation for U Geminorum. Hence, we attempted to apply the light-travel time effect to interpret the quasi-period variation and found the perturbation of ∼17.4 yr quasi-period may result from a brown dwarf. If the orbital inclination is assumed as i∼15°, corresponding to the upper limit of mass of a brown dwarf, then its orbital radii is ∼7.7 AU.  相似文献   

4.
《New Astronomy》2002,7(6):349-358
The properties of the photometric orbital modulation of the X-ray binary HZ Her/Her X-1 and its variations over a long time interval (decades) are studied by the statistical methods using photographic plates of Sonneberg Observatory. The moving averages of the light curve in the long-lasting active state (1959–1993) show that both the smoothed orbital light curve and the smoothed scatter of its residuals σmag display striking asymmetries with respect to the orbital phase φorb=0.5; they are apparent both in the whole data set and in the segments of the 35 day cycle. The light curve near the orbital phase 0.5 can be characterized by the maximum either flat-topped and symmetric or sharp and lagging behind φorb=0.5. The course of σmag is largely asymmetric with respect to the primary minimum, usually with a smooth decrease of σmag within φorb=0.2–0.6 and a steep rise within φorb=0.6–0.85. All these facts suggest the presence of an additional source of variations, in addition to the geometric effects of the precessing disk. The role of the interaction of the mass stream with the precessing warped disk is suggested as a possible explanation. Our data for the extended active state within the years 1959–1993 revealed that the mean brightness at all orbital phases remains stable and displays at most marginal secular trends. The brightness during the short active states (1934–1937 and 1941–1949) is shown to be lower than in the active state within 1959–1993 and is attributed to a lower degree of heating of the secondary star.  相似文献   

5.
We present R-band photometric observations of Cataclysmic Variable dwarf nova SU UMa SDSS J162520.29+120308.7 during the July 2010 superoutburst, from near maximum through decline and into a single rebrightening. We find a maximum superoutburst amplitude of ∼ 6.1 magnitudes and a maximum rebrightening amplitude of ∼4 magnitudes. Near superoutburst maximum, we find 0.09604(3) days for the mean Stage B positive superhump period and a much longer period for the hump shaped modulation during the rebrightening. For the orbital period, we find Porb = 0.09113(30) days. As all periods both agree and disagree with values reported by others, additional observations are needed. Our 2015 observations of this system in quiescence reveal a 0.09080(20) day orbital period. As our 2010 value is within the error bars of a spectroscopically determined value and our 2015 photometrically determined value, we suggest 0.09113(30) days as the orbital period for this system. As for the secondary-to-primary mass ratio, analytical models using observed orbital and Stage B positive superhump periods as input suggest q = 0.221. As a check, we present a 3D SPH simulation of the rise to, and during the plateau stage of, the SU UMa in superoutburst, assuming Porb=0.09113 days. For Stages A and B, we find 0.09717 days and 0.09702 days, respectively, for the average simulated positive superhump periods. Analytical models using these simulated Stages A and B and the simulated orbital period suggest q = 0.1920(4) and q = 0.221, respectively, for this system. Due to the poorly constrained observational data and the similar mass ratio estimates regardless of stage, we can neither confirm nor deny that Stage A is better than Stage B for determining mass ratio in CV dwarf novae SU UMa systems. Additional observations and simulations are needed to further test this recently proposed hypothesis. For now, we suggest an average q = 0.21(1) for this system.  相似文献   

6.
First CCD photometry is presented for the eclipsing binary VZ Trianguli, observed at the Sheshan Station of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory in 2008. Using the Wilson–Devinney Code, the photometric solution of VZ Tri was first deduced from the R-band observations. The results show that VZ Tri is an A-subtype late-type contact binary, with a mass ratio of q=0.350(±0.004) and a low contact degree of f=27.9%(±1.0%). Based on all available light minimum times covering over 40 years, it is found that the orbital period shows a long-term decrease at a rate of dP/dt=−1.52(±0.03)×10−7 d yr−1, suggesting that VZ Tri is undergoing mass transfer from the more massive component to the less massive component, accompanied with angular momentum loss. With period decreasing, the inner and outer critical Roche lobes will shrink, and then cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, the weak-contact binary VZ Tri with decreasing period may evolve into a deep-contact configuration.  相似文献   

7.
We present multi-colour CCD observations of the low-temperature contact binaries, V453 Mon and V523 Cas. Their light curves are modelled to determine a new set of stellar and orbital parameters. Analysis of mid-eclipse times yields a new linear ephemeris for both systems. A period decrease (dP/dt=2.3×10−7 days/yr) in V453 Mon is discovered. V523 Cas, however, is detected to show a period increase (dP/dt=9.8×10−8 days/yr) because of the mass transfer of a rate of 1.1×10−7 M⊙ yr−1, from a less massive donor. Using these findings we can determine the physical parameters of the components of V523 Cas to be M 1=0.76 (3)M ⊙, M 2=0.39 (2)M ⊙, R 1=0.74 (2)R ⊙, R 2=0.55 (2)R ⊙, L 1=0.19 (3)L ⊙, L 2=0.14 (3)L ⊙, and the distance of system as 46(9) pc.  相似文献   

8.
We investigate the change in the orbital period of a binary system due to dynamical tides by taking into account the evolution of a main-sequence star. Three stars with masses of one, one and a half, and two solar masses are considered. A star of one solar mass at lifetimes t = 4.57 × 109 yr closely corresponds to our Sun. We show that a planet of one Jupiter mass revolving around a star of one solar mass will fall onto the star in the main-sequence lifetime of the star due to dynamical tides if the initial orbital period of the planet is less than P orb ≈ 2.8 days. Planets of one Jupiter mass with an orbital period P orb ≈ 2 days or shorter will fall onto a star of one and a half and two solar masses in the mainsequence lifetime of the star.  相似文献   

9.
Orbital period changes of ten contact binary systems (S Ant, ε CrA, EF Dra, UZ Leo, XZ Leo, TY Men, V566 Oph, TY Pup, RZ Tau and AG Vir) are studied based on the analysis of their     curves. It is discovered that the periods of the six systems, S Ant, ε CrA, EF Dra, XZ Leo, TY Men and TY Pup, show secular increases. For UZ Leo, its secular period increase rate is revised. For the three systems, V566 Oph, RZ Tau and AG Vir, weak evidence is presented that a periodic oscillation (with periods of 20.4, 28.5 and 40.9 yr respectively) is superimposed on a secular period increase. The cyclic period changes can be explained by the presence of an unseen third body in the three systems. All the sample stars studied are contact binaries with     .
Furthermore, orbital period changes of 27 hot contact binaries have been checked. It is found that, apart from AW UMa with the lowest mass ratio     , none shows an orbital period decrease. The relatively weak magnetic activity in the hotter contact binaries means little angular momentum loss (AML) from the systems via magnetic stellar winds. The period increases of these W UMa binaries can be explained by mass transfer from the secondary to the primary components, which is in agreement with the prediction of the thermal relaxation oscillation (TRO) models. This suggests that the evolution of a hotter W UMa star is mainly controlled by TRO. On the other hand, for a cooler W UMa star     , its evolution may be TRO plus AML, which coincides with the recent results of Qian.  相似文献   

10.
High speed photometric observations of the dwarf nova VSX J074727.6 + 065050 made in December 2009 during quiescence show an orbital modulation at P orb =85.6 min. They also show that the star is a member of the relatively rare CV/ZZ group, i.e. the accreting white dwarf primary has non-radial pulsations. The two regions of oscillating power are at 684 s and 238 s. There is some evidence for hidden ∼1 μHz fine structure splitting, which has been seen in three other CV/ZZ stars.  相似文献   

11.
We present new radial velocities of the high‐mass X‐ray binary star 4U 2206+54 based on optical spectra obtained with the Coudé spectrograph at the 2 m RCC telescope of the Rozhen National Astronomical Observatory, Bulgaria in the period November 2011–July 2013. The radial velocity curve of the He I δ6678 Å line is modeled with an orbital period Porb = 9.568 d and an eccentricity of e = 0.3. These new measurements of the radial velocity resolve the disagreements of the orbital period discussions. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)  相似文献   

12.
Two CCD epochs of light minimum and a complete R light curve of SS Ari are presented. The light curve obtained in 2007 was analyzed with the 2003 version of the W-D code. It is shown that SS Ari is a shallow contact binary system with a mass ratio q=3.25 and a degree of contact factor f=9.4%(±0.8%). A period investigation based on all available data shows that there may exist two distinct solutions about the assumed third body. One, assuming eccentric orbit of the third body and constant orbital period of the eclipsing pair, results in a massive third body with M 3=1.73M ⊙ and P 3=87.0 yr. On the contrary, assuming continuous period changes of the eclipsing pair the orbital period of tertiary is 37.75 yr and its mass is about 0.278M ⊙. Both of the cases suggest the presence of an unseen third component in the system.  相似文献   

13.
The O–C curve of the contact binary CK Boo have been analyzed with Kalimeris et al. (1994) method. It is shown that the orbital period is changing in a quasi-sinusoidal form with a period of about ∼ 14 yr superposed on a secular period increase. The correlation of the variations of the light level at MinI, MaxI and II in the light curve implies that the luminosity of secondary component is variable. Comparing the change of the quasi-periodic component in the orbital period with that of the secondary's luminosity, we find that the luminosity of the secondary component and the orbital period may vary with the same cycle length ∼14 yr; the variation of the secondary's luminosity is in the same phase with that of the orbital period. This connection is different from those of the RS CVn-type close binaries (e.g. CG Cyg, V471 Tau, RT Lac). The mechanisms that may have produced this relation of the variations of the orbital period and the luminosity of the secondary are also discussed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

14.
New photometry for the eclipsing binary BE Cephei was performed from 2008 to 2011. The light-curve synthesis indicates that it is a marginal-contact binary with a mass ratio of q = 2.340(±0.009) and a degree of contact of f = 6.9%(±2.3%). From the O − C curve, it is discovered that the orbital period changes show a sinusoidal curve superimposed on a downward parabola. The period and semi-amplitude of the cyclic variation are Pmod = 59.26(±0.52) yr and A = 0.d0067(±0.d0010), which may be possibly attributed to light-time effect via the presence of an unseen third body. The long-term period decreases at a rate of dP/dt = −4.84(±0.31) × 10−8 d yr−1, which may result from mass transfer from the more massive component to the less massive one, accompanied by angular momentum loss. With the period decreasing, the degree of contact will increase. Finally, the marginal-contact binary BE Cep may be evolving into a deep-contact configuration.  相似文献   

15.
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16.
This paper presents detailed analysis of photometric observations of two eclipsing binary systems, DD Aqr and RR Lep. The V light curve of the neglected binary star DD Aqr from the All Sky Automated Survey was solved for the first time. The 1982–1987 UBV light curves of RR Lep from Vyas and Abhyankar (1989) were re-analysed. The final solutions give these two β Lyr-type binary stars as having near contact configurations in which the secondary components almost fill their Roche limiting lobes. Using O-C residuals formed by the updated minima times, orbital period changes of the systems were analysed. The O-C diagram of DD Aqr displays a cyclic variation, while that of RR Lep shows a quasi-sinusoidal variation superimposed on a downward parabolic form. The parabolic variation, which suggests a secular orbital period decrease in RR Lep, was interpreted in terms of the combined effect of mass transfer and loss. The cyclic O-C variations were interpreted in terms of the light travel time effect due to unseen components in these two systems. The absolute parameters of the components of the systems were estimated, and their present evolutionary status is also discussed.  相似文献   

17.
From 44 spectra obtained at Asiagno in 1969–1971, we infer the orbital elements of the double lines system LY Aur. The mass-functions indicate rather massive components, with mass ratio 0.58±0.03. This is in good agreement with a contact photometric solution found by Eaton (1978). Combination of spectroscopic and photometric data yields the following absolute elements:m 1=13,m 2=22, separation 34.5,R 1=11,R 2=15, in solar units.A short comment on the large number of massive contact systems is given.  相似文献   

18.
A lot of data in time domain were obtained by the Kepler mission, including many contact binaries. Long-term observation lets us obtain more information about the short time scale variation in their light curves or in their orbital periods. Unfortunately, the exposure time is too long (most of them are 30 minutes). Hence, many variations in light curves are smoothed. To avoid this problem, we analyzed some Kepler contact systems with both long-cadence mode and short-cadence mode data. Using the latest version of the Wilson-Devinney code, we obtained the physical parameters of a batch of contact binaries and find out four targets(KIC 5123176, KIC 5296877, KIC 8496820, KIC 9776718) have low mass ratios (q  <  0.25) and one target (KIC 7950962) has a mass ratio very close to unit.  相似文献   

19.
Due to its extreme mass ratio, the system AW UMa is considered as one of the most interesting contact binaries. In the present paper, a total of 1289 observations in VRI band were carried out from on 2006 March 7, 8, and 9 at Piszkesteto, Mountain Station of the Konkoly observatory (Hungary). VRI light curves were constructed and a photometric solution of these light curves was obtained by means of Willson-Devinney code. The results show that the primary component is more massive and hotter than the primary component by ～140 K. A secular period decrease with a rate dP/dE=2.436×10?10 day/cycle was detected. Based on the physical parameters of the system, we investigate the evolutionary state of the components. The primary component is above the zero age main sequence (ZAMS) track, while the secondary component has a larger radius and luminosity than expected from its ZAMS mass.  相似文献   

20.
We analyze the physical state and the properties of the close binary systems HS 1857+5144 and Abell 65. We took the spectra of both systems over a wide range of orbital phases with the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO RAS) and obtained their multicolor light curves with the RTT150 and Zeiss-1000 telescopes of the SAO RAS. We demonstrate that both Abell 65 and HS 1857+5144 are young precataclysmic variables (PV) with orbital periods of P orb = 1. d 003729 and P orb = 0. d 26633331, respectively. The observed brightness and spectral variations during the orbital period are due to the radiation of the cold component, which absorbs the short-wave radiation of the hot component and reemits it in the visual part of the spectrum. A joint analysis of the brightness and radial velocity curves allowed us to find the possible and optimum sets of their fundamental parameters. We found the luminosity excesses of the secondary components of HS 1857+5144 and Abell 65 with respect to the corresponding Main Sequence stars to be typical for such objects. The excess luminosities of the secondary components of all young PVs are indicative of their faster relaxation rate towards the quiescent state compared to the rates estimated in earlier studies.  相似文献   

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