共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
李兆麟 《中国地球化学学报》2007,26(1):23-27
Metamorphic processes are closely associated with the formation and evolution of the crust and highly related to petrogenesis and mineralization processes. Dynamic systematic analysis indicates that regional metamorphism-migmatization-metamorphic anatexis process is a temperature-pressure progressive process. Metamorphic anatexis process is a critical part with its unique pressure/temperature and thermodynamic, dynamic and geochemical characteristics. The concept of metamorphic anatexis system (MAS) introduced by the author includes the essential factors of material resources, energy resources, process format, material transportation and concentration, occurring time and location. Based on the essential factors of MAS, metamorphic anatexis process-related granitic rocks and deposit cases are discussed on their petrogenesis and/or mineralizaion mechanisms. The discussion points out that granites in the Ailaoshan and Yunkai metamorphic zones are of metamorphic anatexis origin. The genesis of pegmatite ore deposits in metamorphic zones and shear zone gold deposits in shear zones are highly related to metamorphic anatexis process. The study of metamorphism process involved in ore formation and material transport is a hot subject concerned by the international geological circles. Thorough investigations into the relationships between metamorphic anatexis and petrogenesis-meneralization processes are of great importance not only in geological theory, but also in industrial practice. 相似文献
2.
Sridhar D. Iyer M. Sudhakar P. Das 《《地质学报》英文版》2007,81(5):756-770
We examined more than fifty indurated sediments recovered from the Central Indian Ocean Basin （CIOB） during the course of collection for manganese nodules and crusts. The samples occur as slabs either over which ferromanganese oxides are present or over a substrate of altered oceanic basalt in conjunction with palagonite or within the nucleus of manganese nodules. Mineralogically and compositionally, the samples show a mixture of phillipsite, palagonite and montmorillonite. We suggest that the volcanogenic precursors occurring in the CIOB were subjected to varying degrees of alteration under the influence of low temperature conditions, resulting in the formation of zeolitic claystones. The CIOB samples have similarities to those reported from various sites in the world oceans. 相似文献
3.
煎茶岭蛇纹岩氢氧同位素组成特征及形成机制 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
煎茶岭岩体为含镍金铁的镁质超基性岩体.在后期酸性岩浆的岩浆水热液向趋基性岩流动过程中,岩石矿物发生水化作用,引起蛇纹石化.蚀变蛇纹岩的δD、δ~(18)O值变化范围很大,δD=-69.5‰～-111.6‰.,δ~(18)O=+6.4‰～+9.95‰,明显不同于世界同炎岩石.研究表明岩体内存在水—岩体系同位素不平衡交换作用,交换程度在50%～80%,W/R比值范围0.6～1.6之间 相似文献
4.
燕山地区燕山期的挤压与伸展作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
燕山地区中生代断裂演化、区域性不整合界面和盆地演化的地质事实显示,燕山期不仅存在强烈的挤压作用,而且存在强烈的伸展作用.如果把整个侏罗、白垩纪期间的构造运动理解为燕山运动的话,那么燕山运动既形成强烈褶皱和逆冲推覆,又形成断陷盆地和变质核杂岩.整个燕山运动(旋回)包括3次挤压事件和3个伸展阶段,即早侏罗世末挤压事件(北票组沉积之后,海房沟组沉积之前)、晚侏罗世末挤压事件(土城子组沉积之后,义县组沉积之前)和白垩纪末挤压事件(第三系沉积之前);早侏罗世盆地伸展阶段、中晚侏罗世盆地伸展阶段和白垩纪盆地伸展阶段.燕山期内发生了3次由伸展到挤压的转换. 相似文献
5.
断层对油气运移作用研究的新进展 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
断层与油气运移关系复杂 ,它对油气运移的作用一直受到广泛的重视。近年来 ,国内外学者在这一领域进行了大量研究 ,取得了一系列新成果和进展。在油气初次运移方面 ,Ｊ .Ａ .Ｃａｒｔｗｒｉｇｈｔ( 1994 )用水力压裂成功地解释了北海盆地早新生代超压泥岩层序中高密度分布的层间断层的成因和流体排出的机制。这些断层是小型伸展构造 ,成簇发育、几何形态复杂 ,其成因与盆地范围的超压封闭箱的幕式崩溃及大量流体流出有关。水力压裂或流体压裂 (ｈｙｄｒｏｆｒａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇ)是由于孔隙中流体压力的增大而导致低渗岩石的破裂 ,破裂面通常… 相似文献
6.
7.
多期变质作用、多相变质作用与变质作用p-T-t轨迹 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
多期变质作用是指地质体经历过不止一次变质事件的变质过程.在某一期变质作用中,仅出现过一个温度(或压力)极值的过程称为单相变质作用,出现过不止一个温度(或压力)极值的变质过程则属于多相变质作用.研究变质作用,首要的工作是要正确区分不同期的变质作用,不过目前还缺少足够多的准则.但是,岩石中所保留的地球动力学背景不同的变质事件,必然属于不同期的变质作用.准确恢复变质作用p-T-t轨迹,须根据变质反应结构准确划分各变质期次,利用矿物温度计、压力计、变质相图等估算变质条件,根据矿物原位测年确定变质作用某个阶段的地质时间.这三方面还有一些不确定因素,相关理论及方法都有待深化. 相似文献
8.
位于大洋洲新几内亚岛的查亚峰的形成与中新世以来澳大利亚大陆北部被动边缘俯冲碰撞到Melanesian岛弧之下有关.2.8 Ma以来, 查亚峰岩石隆升幅度为7 000 m, 隆升速率为2.5 mm/a, 其剥蚀速率为0.7 mm/a.据查亚峰南坡石炭—二叠系测年得出, 自2.3 Ma以来, 岩石隆升幅度为6 500 m, 隆升速度为2.88 mm/a, 剥蚀速率为1.7 mm/a; 更南可能为前寒武纪的绿片岩分布区, 剥蚀速率更快, 已剥蚀深度达9 km, 是全岛剥露最深的地区.正是这种强烈的切割和剥蚀, 在均衡抬升作用强烈影响下使查亚峰成为大洋洲最高峰. 相似文献
9.
Complexation of Si in hydrothermal systems 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
The Au-SiO2 and Sn-SiO2 complexes have been experimentally calibrated at varying temperature,silica comcentration and pH: Au^ H2SiO4^-=AuH3SiO4 lgK=-1.65436 9611.21/T; Sn^4 4H3SiO4^-=Sn(H3SiO4)4 lgK200℃=42.73 Compared with Au-Cl,Au-HS and Sn-OH complexes,AuH3SiO4 and Sn(H3SiO4)4complexes can be recognized as the dominant transport forms in Si-bearing solurtions under pH and Eh conditions of general interest.The decrease of SiO2 concentration and oxygen fugacity would reverse the direction of dissolution-complexing reactions,resulting in the precipitation of gold and silica,as well as cassiterite and silica.This study illustrates the significance of SiO2-complexation in hydrothermal solutions for gold,tin and other metallizations. 相似文献
10.
Dehydration temperatures of serpentine were measured in the pressure range between 1.0GPa and 5.0GPa by using the electrical conductivity metod simultaneously at high temperatures and high pressures.The results show that with increasing pressure th dehydration temperature of antigorite increases slightly below 2.0GPa ,but drops markedly above2.0GPa .This strongly suggests that high pressure would favor the dehydration of serpentine minerals and the water released thereby would be an important source of fluids involved in magmatism in a subduction zone and mantle metasomatism,Meanwhile,the greatly enhanced electric conductivity in the presence of water may be one of the reasons underlying the occurrence of a high-conductivity zone in the lower crust. 相似文献
11.
根据变质作用分类研究的历史回顾和最新进展,本文介绍了一个试行的、较系统的变质作用分类方案,可分为局部性的变质作用和区域性的变质作用两个大类9个类型.局部性的变质作用包括以下5个类型:(1)接触变质作用,包括热变质作用、接触交代变质作用和高热变质作用3个亚类;(2)低-中-高温动力变质作用,包括低-中-高温韧性剪切带变质作用和温压递进逆冲断层变质作用2个亚类;(3)冲击变质作用;(4)水热变质作用;(5)燃烧变质作用.区域性的变质作用可分为以下4个类型:(6)早前寒武纪克拉通基底变质作用-低中压-中高温区域变质作用,可分为5个亚类,分别是低-中压角闪岩相变质作用、低-中压麻粒岩相变质作用、低-中压角闪岩相-麻粒岩相变质作用、低-中压绿片岩相-角闪岩相递增的变质作用和区域超高温麻粒岩相变质作用;(7)造山带变质作用,可分为3个亚类,分别是低温-低压区域动力变质作用、碰撞造山变质作用和深俯冲高压-超高压区域变质作用;(8)埋深变质作用;(9)洋底变质作用. 相似文献
12.
The Physico—Chemical Conditions for Mobilization of Gold in Mobin Gold Deposit,Southwest Hunan,China
Experiments on water-rock interaction were carried out on wall-rock samples fromtheMobin gold deposit,Southwest Hunan,China ,with the aim of determining the optimum physical and chemical conditions for the mobilization of gold in solution.Results indicate that gold is most easily mobilized from the wall rock-tuffaceous slate of the Mobin Deposit.Mobi-lization is optimized if fluids are neutral to slightly alkaline and contain both chlorine and sul-phur ions at the concentration and composition of about[0.25M(NH4)2 1M NaCl].The amount of gold leached from the tuffaceous slate increases with temperature although the effect decreases above about 200℃. 相似文献
13.
人工影响地质作用技术具有古老的开发应用历史和广阔发展前景,但却是一个被地质学忽视的领域,应当引起地质工作者的重视.人工影响水的地质作用技术和人工影响重力地质作用技术,是最古老且至今仍在焕发青春的人工影响地质作用技术,在治理水害、防治水土流失、防治重力地质灾害等方面发挥了巨大作用;人工影响风的地质作用技术、人工影响风化地质作用技术、人工影响生物地质作用技术正在兴起;人工影响地震作用技术、人工影响天体地质作用技术的开发应当提上议事日程.人工影响地质作用技术的基础是由众多非地质行业奠定的,人工影响地质作用技术的应用涉及到众多行业,地质工作者应与相关行业进行沟通,建立密切联系,推进人工影响地质作用技术的开发、提高和应用普及. 相似文献
14.
超高压变质作用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文简要概述了近年在西阿尔卑斯、挪威西部、我国中东部及苏联一些地区超高压变质岩石的最新研究成果,指出柯石英及其向石英转变而形成的张裂结构是鉴别这一超高压变质作用的主要标志.指示超高压变质条件的其它矿物及矿物组合的尚有镁十字石、ellenberserite、硬玉十蓝晶石、滑石十蓝晶石和滑石十多硅白云母等,金刚石代表更极端的高压条件.超高压变质作用的边界压力>2.SGPa,温度约700~840C,代表一个近于7℃/km的极低的地热梯度,其退化轨还为压力和温度同时降低.超高压变质岩石严格地产出于陆内造山带,表明它们是在大陆与大陆碰撞过程中由深俯冲作用形成的,其俯冲深度可超过90km,使柯石英得以保存的快速构造抬升可能是连续俯冲一仰冲的结果. 相似文献
15.
辽河群变质泥质岩中变质重结晶作用和形作用的关系 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
辽河群变泥质岩中变斑晶种类繁多,有的具多个世代.同位素年代学证据表明它们都形成于吕梁变质期.通过2000多块薄片的详细显微构造分析,将吕梁变质期分成四个变质阶段.变斑晶微构造揭示 M1 发生于变形前埋藏过程中,M2、M3 属进变质阶段,M4 为退变阶段.变斑晶在各变质阶段以完整或不完整的基本结晶序列周期性地出现,成核具阶段性,生长既有阶段性的又有具连续性的.变斑晶在不同的变形条件下,具有不同的变形行为,如旋转与非旋转性.变斑晶的时空分布规律揭示,M2 期间垂向递增变质带与 D1 伸展构造样式密切相关;M3 期间侧向递增变质带样式与收缩挤压褶皱样式一致. 相似文献
16.
张启厚 《中国地球化学学报》1999,18(2):172-179
The Dachang antimony deposit in Qinglong,Guizhou Province,is strictly controlled by the “Dachang Layer” which is a complex altered rock occurring at unconformity between the Permian Emeishan basalt and the Maokou limestone.Based on the studies of the hanging-and foot-wall rocks,the trace elements and REE contents of the rocks and ores and heavy placer minerals in the basalt,this paper is focused on the relations between these data and the “Dachang Layer”and its hanging- and oot-wall rocks.The author pointed out that the “Dachang Layer” and basalt are the source-beds of antimony;ilmenite and magnetite are the major mineral carriers of antimony.In the processes of halmyrosis and burial metamorphism of the “Dachang Layer” an basalt,antimony was mobilized along with the mobilization of iron and was preliminarily concentrated in the“ Dachang Layer”. 相似文献
17.
On the basis of mineralogical ,geochemical and micro-textural studies of the typical sections of the red weathering crust of carbonate rocks in the subtropical karst areas of Guizhou Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region,we have found,either on a microscopic or on a mac-roscopical scale and in different positions of the sections,the most direct and most important mineralogical and micro-textural evidence for the development of metasomatism in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of numerous carbonate rocks.This paper also has expounded for the first time and systematically the mechanism of metasomatism involved in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks and proposed the sequence of mineral metasomatic evolution in the process of weathering-pedogenesis of carbonate rocks. 相似文献
18.
Celine S.L. Lee Shihua QI Gan Zhang Xiangdong LI 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):20-20
A sediment core from the Liangzhi Lake, Hubei Province in central China, was used to assess metal usage and accumulation in the past 6000＋ years in China. The concentrations of trace metals, including Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn, and major elements, Ca, Fe and Mg, in the ^14C-dated sediment core were analyzed. Historical trends of metal inputs to the Liangzhi Lake from 5000 B.C. to the present were recorded in the sediments, representing over 6000 years of metal mining and utilization history in China. The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn have increased gradually since 3000 B.C., indicating the start of the Bronze Age era in ancient China, until the period 467-76 B.C. During the period of 467-76 B.C., there had been a rapid increase in the concentrations of these metals in the sediments, indicating the enormous inputs of these metals at that time. This era corresponded well with the Warring States Period （475-221 B.C.） and early Hart Dynasty （206 B.C.-220 A.D.） of China, during which copper and lead were extensively used in making bronze articles, such as vessels, tools and weapons. During 1876 A.D. to the early 1900s, there was also a significant increase in the metal concentrations, such as Cu, Ni and Pb, which could probably reflect the impact of metal emissions during the early industrial development and wars in China. The Pb isotopic analysis showed that the surface and subsurface sediments had lower ^206Pb/^207Pb, and ^208Pb/^207Pb ratios than the deeper layers, affected by mining activities both during the Bronze Age era and modem times. 相似文献
19.
加强对人为地质作用的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
长期以来,地质工作者主要是围绕人类社会所需要的矿产和能源等资源开展工作的,以此为目标建立起来的传统地质学的知识体系已显示出“老化”的态势,正面临人类社会发展的挑战.当代地质学研究的时空范围和服务领域都在扩大,不断向资源的合理开发与利用、国土规划与管理、保护生态环境、防治自然灾 相似文献
20.
以褶皱和逆冲断层为主构造区的压力-温度(P－T)径迹可能是复杂的,在一个变质带内可能变化很大.P—T径迹的复杂变化,是由于褶皱作用和逆冲作用造成的热水平对流、变形期间及变形后发生的热传导,以及褶皱和逆冲断层内相对短时间的热驰豫所造成的.在褶皱区,可以观察到背斜与邻近向斜具有不同的P－T径迹,背斜内是冷却径迹,而向科内是加热径迹,这些不同P—T径迹是由于变形期间发生等温线的褶皱作用,变形后又发生等温线验豫所造成的.在多期变形褶皱区,非共轴褶皱作用造成变形带短距离(＜15km)内复杂的P－T径迹,这是因为在每个褶皱作用事件中,重复发生等温线的褶皱作用以及驰豫过程.在逆冲断层为主的构造区,大型逆冲席体的P一T径迹之间存在差异,因为在变形期间从较热的逆掩席体向较冷的下盘发生热传递.逆冲作用期间的热传递引起上盘冷却,下盘加热.在发育多重逆冲席体的地区,P－T径迹可能是复杂的,它将取决于逆冲席体间的热传递速率与逆冲断层发育的相对同步性.本文讨论的褶皱和逆冲断层地区所观察到的P一T径迹,记录了10~5~10~6年的相对短时间间隔.由于小尺度的热扰动会引起矿物平衡,在一个变质带的短距离内,P－T径迹可能变化很大.因此,将P－T径迹用于恢复构造历史之前,必须进行构造及岩石学的双重研究. 相似文献