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海气热通量对海气的热量交换具有重要的影响,能够很大程度地影响局部海域的热量扩散情况。在滨海电厂所在海域,由于温排水与环境水域温差引起的斜压效应,将对附近海域温度分布、局部环流结构变化等海洋生态环境造成影响,因此现有的数学模型要考虑海气热通量才能更加准确地模拟温排水造成的温升场。本文在了解田湾核电站温排水特点和附近海域潮流特征的基础上,应用FVCOM数值模式,采用《物理海洋学》中的海表面热通量计算方法,建立了田湾核电站附近海域温排水数值模型,对温排水造成的温升进行了模拟。模式考虑斜压效应,在排水口考虑了温排水的叠加效应,通过与实测资料比对表明:该文建立的田湾核电站温排水模型可以较好地模拟该海域的温度变化和温排水造成的温升变化。 相似文献
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以某滨海核电厂为例,分析确定58 Co、60Co、90Sr、134 Cs、137 Cs和110m Ag等放射性核素为该核电厂低放射性废水中的主要海洋环境影响评价因子.根据国际原子能机构推荐的评估模式预测了上述放射性核素排海后对电厂排放口海域环境(海水水质和沉积物质量)的影响,预测结果表明该核电厂低放射性废水正常排放后,排放口附近海域海水中的58 Co、60Co、134Cs、1 10m Ag比活度低于放射性核素比活度背景值检测限2～3个数量级;90Sr低于背景值4个数量级;137Cs略高于背景值,对周围海水环境未造成放射性污染.但58 Co、60Co、134Cs、137Cs、110m Ag在排放口近岸海域沉积物中的沉积量分别比背景值检测限高2～5个数量级,其中60Co和110m Ag沉积量最大;90Sr沉积量低于放射性背景值2个数量级.最后提出可以从生物辐射评价和核素的迁移转化规律、联合效应(综合考虑温排水、低放射性废水和余氯)和选取合适的指示生物3个方面进行跟进研究的建议,以便更完善和全面地评价核电厂低放射性废水对排放口附近海域环境的影响. 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2024,(1)
本文以渤海湾为例，运用MIKE3 FM数值模拟软件建立了渤海湾天津附近海域海水淡化浓海水与电厂温排水混合排放温盐扩散三维数值模型，开展了浓海水和温排水不同混合比例温盐扩散对比研究。研究结果表明：浓海水与温排水混合排放可以使受纳海域盐升范围显著减小，并且混合比例越高，效果越明显。在温升影响方面，与等量温排水单独排放相比，混合排放会使底层海域温升包络面积增大，表层减小，但当混合比例超过1：30（温排水量约为35 m³/s），表层和底层海域温升包络面积接近于等量温排水单独排放的温升包络面积；综合考虑温盐扩散，当海水淡化浓海水排放量在10×104 m³/d，盐升不超过20时，与温排水混合排放比例超过1：30（温排水量超过35 m³/s），盐度在排放口附近可稀释到背景值，由于混合排放密度变化引起的温度下沉影响几乎可以忽略不计。相关研究结论可为海水淡化浓海水科学排放/推动海水淡化和海洋环境和谐可持续发展提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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为研究感潮河段温排水的扩散规律及其与地形地貌的响应关系,建立了二维温排水数学模型,模拟了不同径流量条件下小清河下游感潮河段及河口外海域温排水扩散影响,以期对滨海电厂建设和温排水扩散研究提供借鉴。研究表明,针对小清河感潮河段弯曲、河道狭窄、河口两侧潮滩宽阔的特点,采用三角形与矩形网格嵌套的方法,能够更为准确地拟合实际岸线和地形地貌特征;采用动边界处理方法能较好地反映河口潮滩潮流场和温排水扩散特征。受小清河河口地形地貌的影响,温排水主要沿河口向上游或下游扩散,水深浅于–3 m温排水扩散面积占总面积的70%以上;小清河口外海域和取水口温升与潮位和径流量之间存在一定的相关关系。 相似文献
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基于无机氮浓度响应系数的厦门湾沿岸污水处理厂排放口选址优化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于美国普林斯顿大学的河口、陆架和海洋模式(ECOM),建立了厦门海域三维变边界的物质输运模型,模拟了厦门海域污水处理厂尾水排放口附近无机氮的响应系数场.结果表明,厦门市尾水排放口中,石渭头排放口响应系数明显小于其他排放口,其排放口中心点的响应系数仅为其他排放口的0.08～0.50;其次是澳头、海沧和筼筜排放口;而杏林、同安、集美以及翔安排放口的响应系数相对较大,说明该区域水动力条件较弱,污染物扩散缓慢,不是理想的排放口.建议将杏林排放口优化调整至海沧排放口,集美、同安、翔安排放口优化调整至澳头排放口进行排放.该研究可为厦门海域尾水排放口选址优化提供科学依据,为厦门海域入海污染物总量控制和海洋环境管理提供参考价值. 相似文献
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本研究采用Landsat 8热红外数据反演后石电厂营运期的排水口区域水体温度,并尝试采用无人机携带热红外传感器对该区域的水温分布细节特征进行遥感探测。结果表明,后石电厂排水口区域水温自北向南递减,温水团自排水口排出后沿岸南下,向南扩散约3500 m,东西扩散约1000 m。利用Pix4Dmapper软件对无人机航拍热红外照片进行拼接并绘制排水口区域温度剖面图可知,后石电厂排水口南侧300~500 m处的水温呈现西岸较低、东岸较高的特点,温水团从排水口排出后并不是均匀向南扩散,而是先沿东岸向南扩散,然后部分从东岸向西扩散后再向南扩散。 相似文献
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漳州后石电厂温排水数学模型 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文运用平面二维数学模型,计算和分析了福建漳州后石电厂在不同将机容量、各种工况和潮型条件下受纳水体温度场的时空变化。从取取水口温升以及环境容量方面考虑,几个方案均满足要求。设计单位根据水口降温、环境容量要求和工程造价三方面综合比较后,可从中以一个。 相似文献
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Climate change and warm‐water species at the north‐western boundary of the Mediterranean Sea 
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下载免费PDF全文 Valeriano Parravicini Luisa Mangialajo Laure Mousseau Andrea Peirano Carla Morri Monica Montefalcone Patrice Francour Michel Kulbicki Carlo Nike Bianchi 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):897-909
The effects of global change are particularly serious in areas where range shifts of species are physically constrained such as the Ligurian Sea, which is one of the coldest sectors of the Mediterranean. In this basin, historical information on water temperature (from the sea surface down to 75 m depth) dates back to the 1950s. Early studies also recorded warm‐water species occurrence. Thanks to these data we provide the first detailed characterization of water temperature variation from 1958 up to 2010 in the layer 0–75 m depth. We coupled this analysis with the available information on rocky reef epibenthic communities (literature review from 1955 to 1964 and field data from 1980 to 2010). The analysis of water temperature revealed several patterns of variation: a cooling phase from 1958 to 1980, a phase of rapid warming from 1980 to 1990 and a phase of slower warming from 1990 to 2010. Inter‐annual variation in temperature increased over the entire period for the water layer down to 20 m. Warm‐water native and alien species richness increased during the warming phases. Literature estimates suggest a decrease in warm‐water native species richness during the cooling phase. The analysis of quantitative data collected in the early 1990s and late 2000s indicated a decrease in the cover of warm‐water native species on shallow rocky reefs and an increase in deeper waters. We argue that increased inter‐annual variation in water temperature may disadvantage native warm‐water species in shallow waters. Our results indicate that the effect of temperature rises in cold, constrained basins may be more complex than the simple prediction of species changing their geographical range according to their thermal limits. 相似文献
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根据对山东半岛地热场特征、区域地质构造、岩浆活动与温泉分布关系的研究以及地热水化学特征的分析，认为温泉的形成与分布主要受断裂构造的控制。温泉的形成机理为深循环－地热增温，即大气降水或第四系潜水沿断裂带深循环，在正常地温梯度下吸收地球内热增温形成热水，再沿断裂破碎带上涌至地表而形成温泉。温泉水温取决于地下水循环深度，按笔者提出的经验公式推算，山东半岛１４处温泉水的最小循环深度界于１５０３～３０８４ｍ间。温泉水循环深度大致指示控泉断裂构造发育的最小深度 相似文献
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夏季北冰洋无冰海域次表层暖水结构的形成机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在夏季北冰洋的无冰海域,经常可以观测到次表层暖水现象,即在水深20～50m的范围内发生海水温度的极大值。建立了一个一维的热力学解析模式,用于研究夏季北冰洋次表层暖水的形成机制。模式的计算结果表明,太阳辐射作用是形成次表层暖水的关键因素。在北冰洋的开阔水域,大气吸收海洋热量的过程导致了海面温度下降,使温度极大值出现在次表层。海洋垂向湍流热扩散对次表层暖水温度有显著影响;当湍流热扩散较弱时,热扩散的范围较小,有利于形成次表层暖水。次表层暖水的位置随着时间的推移不断加深,温度不断增高。在北极,大气温度低于海面温度是普遍现象,次表层暖水经常发生。虽然当海面气温发生变化时,次表层海水温度结构会发生相应的变化,但次表层暖水结构形成之后,如果不受强烈天气过程的破坏,则会一直存在下去。按照本文的结论,随着北极气候变暖,海冰将进一步减少,次表层暖水现象还会明显增加,海洋对气候变化将有更加强烈的响应和反馈,对全球气候变化产生意义深远的影响。 相似文献
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A reduced vertically integrated upper mixed layer model is set up to numerically study the thermodynamic process of the formation of the "Nansha warm water"(NWW) in the Nansha Islands sea areas in spring. According to the numerical experiments, it is shown that, in spring, the formation of the NWW is mainly due to the sea surface net heat flux and the local weak current strength; the contribution from temperature advection transport and warm water exchange with the outer seas (Sulu Sea or south of Sunda shelf) is very little. In the sea areas where the current is strong, the advection may also play an important role in the temperature field. 相似文献
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A reduced vertically integrated upper mixed layer model is set up to numerically study the thermodynamic process of the formation of the “Nansha warm water”(NWW) in the Nansha Islands sea areas in spring. According to the numerical experiments, it is shown that, in spring, the formation of the NWW is mainly due to the sea surface net heat flux and the local weak current strength; the contribution from temperature advection transport and warm water exchange with the outer seas (Sulu Sea or south of Sunda shelf) is very little. In the sea areas where the current is strong, the advection may also play an important role in the temperature field. 相似文献
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热带印度洋上层水温的年循环特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过分析多年气候月平均的Levitus水温资料,结合多年气候月平均海表面风场资料以及观测的热带印度洋上层海流的分布状况,探讨热带印度洋上层水温的时空分布特征,剖析了热带印度洋混合层深度及印度洋暖水的季节变化规律。分析表明：热带印度洋的海表面温度低值区始终位于大洋的南部,而高值区呈现明显的季节变化,冬季位于赤道附近,在夏季则处于大洋的东北部;在热带印度洋的中西部、赤道偏南海域的次表层终年存在一冷心结构;热带印度洋表面风场的季节变化是影响该海域混合层深度季节性变化的主要因素;印度洋暖水在冬、春季范围较大,与西太平洋暖池相连,而在夏、秋季范围较小,并与西太平洋暖池分开。 相似文献
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A spread of warm water from the first crest of the Kuroshio Extension is periodically enhanced by northward warm water intrusions from the main current. The water type in the spread area was previously found to be the same as that in the Kuroshio front at depth. In looking for the possible mechanism responsible for the northward warm water intrusions, a dynamic analysis in the Kuroshio front was carried out by using CTD, ADCP, AVHRR and ARGOS buoy data, obtained in 1996 by the R.V. Hakuho Maru. Downstream, cross-stream and vertical velocities in the Kuroshio Extension were found by using a "stream coordinate system". The velocity field in the Kuroshio front at the first crest showed a double structure with two surface velocity maxima. In the inner part of the front, relatively high cross-stream (northward) and vertical (upward) velocities were found. Thus, this study suggests that while water particles flow downstream along the first stationary meander of the Kuroshio Extension, they also experience lateral and vertical movements which allow the deeper water from an upstream location to rise to the surface layer, and in certain locations to deflect northward. By assuming isopycnal movement and conservation of potential vorticity, it was found that in those locations where anticyclonic curvature of the meander increases, warm water is more likely to deflect northward. High ageostrophic components observed in the first 300 m of the water column are probably related to the relatively high cross-stream and vertical velocities in the inner part of the front. 相似文献