共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 92 毫秒
1.
Chemistry of Aerosols over Chukchi Sea and Bering Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The contents of elements in aerosols sampled during the First Chinese Arctic Research Expedition (CHINARE-1) show great differences from one element to another. Na, K,Ca, Mg, A1, F, and Cl are the major components in the aerosols, whose contents are larger than 30 ng/m^3. The chemical elements whose contents vary between 0.1 - 30 ng/m^3 are Br,Sr, Cr, Ni, and Zn. The chemical elements whose contents are close to or slightly higher than 0.1 ng/m^3 are Rb, Ba, Zr, Th, and Pb. The contents of As, Sb, W, Mo, Au, La, Ce, Nd,Sin, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Sc, Co, Hf, Ta, and Cd are less than 0.1 ng/m^3. The mass concentration data for the same element, as observed during CHINARE-1, are almost accordant, but much lower than what is observed in the China‘ s seas or the coasts of China. The enrichment factor and electron microscopic analyses and lead isotope tracing were used to distinguish their sources.Four groups of sources can be classified as follows: anthropogenic: As, Sb, W, F, Mo, Au,Cu, Pb, Cd, V; crustal: La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Fe, Sc, Cr, Co, Ba, Zr, Hf,Ta, Cs, Mn, Th, U; oceanic:Na, K, Ca, and Mg; and mixing: Rb, Sr, Ca, and Mg. 相似文献
2.
《Scientia Geologica Sinica》2000,(2)
l-Intr0ductionThesouthwestemregionofFujianprovinceinChinawasregardedastheforelandfoldandthrustbeltbelongingtotheTnassicS0uthChinaOrogenicZone(Lijiliang,l992).Thethrustandnappetectonics,whichdevelopedwidelyinthisregion,havebeenstudiedforoveradecadebymanyChinesegeologists(suchas,HouQuanling,LiPeijun&LiJiliang,1995,HouQuanling,&LiJiliang,l993,GuanYuxiang&YangTianshui,l994,GuanYuxiangetc.l989,TaoJianhua,l987,etc.).Basedontheachievementsmadebythosegeologyworkersandourownresearches,thetyP… 相似文献
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该文以山东招远大尹格庄金矿床中微量元素为研究对象,通过对矿床围岩、矿石等微量元素的研究,表明大尹格庄金矿围岩中微量元素以富含 Bi,Au,Pb,W,Ag,Sn 为特点,矿体和矿化体中元素组合为 Au,Ag,As,Sb,Hg,B, Cu,Zn,Bi,Mo,Mn,Co,Ni,W。在5个成矿阶段中,第二阶段与第三阶段微量元素的富集程度较明显,表现为 Au, Ag,As,Co,Bi,Cu,Pb,Zn 等的富集,成矿元素可分为2个分带序列,主成矿元素为 Au Ag Cu Pb Zn Bi 组合、头晕元素 As Sb Hg 组合和尾晕元素 Co Ni 组合。 相似文献
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平阴县浅层地下水调查采样密度为1点/16km2,分析测试27项指标的含量变化规律后,认为调查区浅层地下水中除K,Mn,NO-2等指标含量变化较大,局部富集外,其他指标含量变化小,在浅层地下水中分布较均匀.选择As,Ba,Be,Cd,Co,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mn,Mo,Ni,Pb,Se,Zn,F-,Cl-,Cr6+,NO-2,COD,pH等20项指标,按<地下水质量标准>对浅层地下水环境质量进行的单因子和综合评价,结果显示较好级以上者达88.4%,而较差级仅占11.6%,无极差级分布,调查区内浅层地下水环境质量状况良好. 相似文献
6.
The distribution of selected critical elements in the sedimentary rocks of the Carboniferous coal-bearing series within the Polish Coal Basins is presented.Critical elements such as Be,Mg,Si,P,Sc,V,Co,Y,Nb,In,Sb,La,Ce,Hf,Ta,W,Bi were analysed using inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP/MS).Concentrations of elements such as Sb,Bi,In and,to a slightly lesser extent,Nb,as well as Sc,show average concentrations higher than those from the upper continental crust.The average concentrations of elements like Hf,Mg,P,Y,La,and Ce are slightly lower than in the upper continental crust.Other elements,such as Be,Co,Si,Ta,W and V have average concentrations that are similar,but slightly enriched or slightly depleted,relative to the upper continental crust.The research showed enrichment of some critical elements in the analysed samples,but not high enough that extraction would be economically viable.Statistical methods,which include correlation coefficients between elements and cluster analysis,reveal a strong positive correlation between elements like Be,Bi,Nb,Sc,Ta,W and V.Very high,almost total,positive correlation is also noted between La and Ce. 相似文献
7.
《地质学报》1925,4(1)
A.凡now吕舍具Brooke,N.P.束四牌楼瞪士胡同福公司搏Chow,K.C.周阴基,子建,湖北大冶孩瘫探鞍股Drake,F.5.,Shantung ohristian University,T,inan,Shantuug.Edmond,Jilla西直四外尸,颐裤煤蛾公司Garretson,Mary Welleek,Colu一n飞,ia University,New York City,U.5.A.Hsu,Y.M.徐渊摩,厚甫,北京女子大率徐竟甫收搏Kao,L.高鲁,曙青,北京中央觑象台King,sohtsu G.金招基,叔初,北京嘎嘎胡同Kil:g,Kunpei c.金城,常伯,北京束城技搔胡同Kobayashi,B.小林胖生,热河阜新森大典煤绩公司K,ung,K.H.孔夏锹,章虎,北京都城煌厢街Liu,0.F… 相似文献
8.
本文对河南济源盆地大峪槐疙瘩岭二叠系上石盒子组(P3sh)、孙家沟组(P3s)和三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)剖面岩石样品进行了元素、频率磁化率、碳酸盐以及总有机质等的分析研究,结果表明在二叠系孙家沟组(P3s)底部济源动物群化石层、以及三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)底部界线(P/T)附近,其微量和常量元素发生了较明显的变化。化石层中Ba,Cr,Hf,Nb,Th,Ti,V,Y,Tl,Zn,Cu,Ga,Pb,Ni,La,Rb,Nd,以及K2O,Al2O3,Fe2O3含量相对较高,Zr,W,Sr,Bi,Co,Ce,以及SiO2,Na2O含量较低,MgO,CaO,Mn则没有明显的变化。Ba,Hf,Nb,Th,Ti,V,Y,W,K2O,Al2O3,SiO2,Na2O,Bi,Fe2O3,Ni,Co,La,Nd,Ce,及有机碳含量在三叠系底部含量明显上升,Cu,Ga,Pb,Tl,Zn,Cr,Zr,Sr,MgO,CaO,以及岩石频率磁化率Xfd、碳酸盐含量则明显下降。该剖面不仅记录了二叠—三叠纪的生物灭绝事件,而且有明显的二叠—三叠系界线,事件及界线的形成可能与沉积环境和古气候有关,水体的变浅、炎热气候和风化作用加强可能是直接的原因。石盒子组(P3sh)主要为河流—三角洲沉积环境,古气候相对温暖湿润;孙家沟组(P3s)为三角洲平原相,前期和后期有强烈风化作用,并且炎热多雨。中期则水平面上升,水下三角洲前缘砂质沉积为主;三叠系刘家沟组(T1l)则水体进一步扩张,气温相对下降。 相似文献
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浙江省北部地区调查研究表明,受成土母质来源、土壤类型及其理化性质等因素的影响,土壤元素全量、有效量及其有效度表现为:1)低山丘陵岗地土壤中As,Cd,Mo,Pb和Se全量较高,As,Cd,Fe,Pb,Se和Zn有效量较高;而山前平原区土壤中Hg,Pb和Zn元素全量较高,由地表向深部的下降递度较小,显示为原始沉积成因特点。2)中酸性、富含有机质的红壤和水稻土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效度较高,水稻土Hg有效度最低;弱碱性或碱性、贫有机质的潮土和滨海盐砂土中As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Mn,Pb,Se,Zn等元素有效量较低,但B有效量及有效度均较高。3)统计分析表明,土壤中Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,Cd,Pb,Se等元素全量与有效量间具显著正相关性,表明全量是有效量的重要影响控制因素;有机质含量与Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As和Pb有效度间为显著正相关,说明有机质较高有利于土壤元素活化;Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd,As,Pb和Se有效度与pH值为显著负相关,表明土壤酸性增强(酸化)会增加这类元素的生物有效性。 相似文献
10.
Geochemical subsoil data obtained from China and European laboratories have been
compared in this study. 787 C horizon subsoil samples from FOREGS (Forum of European Geological
Surveys) geochemical baselines mapping project were sent to China’s IGGE (Institute of Geophysical
and Geochemical Exploration) laboratory and composited to 190 samples according to the
160 km 160 km GNT (Global Terrestrial Network) cells. In addition to the FOREGS elemental analysis
package, Au, Pt, Pd, B, Ge, Br, Cl, Se, N, Li and F were also analyzed by using the IGGE’s 76 element
analytical scheme. Geochemical data statistics, scatter plotting, and geochemical map compilation techniques
have been employed to investigate differences between FOREGS and IGGE analytical results.
The results of two datasets, the IGGE’s analysis data for composited samples, and the FOREGS
average data of samples in each GNT cell, agree extremely well for about 23 elements, viz: SiO2, Sr,
Al2O3, Zr, Ba, Fe2O3, Ti, Rb, Mn, Gd, CaO, Ga, MgO, P, Pb, Na2O, Y, Th, As, U Sc, Cr, and Co. There
are slight differences between-laboratory biases shown as proportional errors between the datasets for Ni,
K2O, Tb, Tl, Cu, S, Sm, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Ta, Nb, Hf, and Dy. For Cd, Cs, Be, Sb,
In, Mo, I, Sn, and Te, the correlation of the two datasets and the similarity of the geochemical maps are
fairly good, but obvious biases exist between the two datasets at values near detection limits. Sensitivities of FOREGS analytical methods for W, Bi, Sn, Te, Be, and I are insufficient to produce
reportable values in at least 80% of the samples. Although the detection limits of Ag for both FOREGS
and IGGE are sufficient to provide reportable values, a large bias was found between the two datasets.
This study demonstrates that consistent analytical data for certain elements of global geochemical
mapping samples can be achieved by different qualified laboratories, such as China’s IGGE laboratory
and some European laboratories. For some elements, such as Ag, further research on the selection of the
proper analytical methods and on the development of quality control methods should be undertakendwith
final recommendations adhered to by all participants of the global geochemical mapping program. 相似文献
11.
为有效解决鲁西南高氟区生活饮用水供水安全问题,在水文地质环境地质调查的基础上,通过水质分析、岩土样分析、综合评价研究,查明高氟水的分布规律、圈定生活饮用水找水靶区。结合供水水源空间分布特征、供水现状及供水方式,因地制宜,提出了3种供水模式:以浅层孔隙水或岩溶裂隙水为水源的集中供水模式;以深层孔隙水为饮用水源集中供水并且以浅层孔隙水为生活用水水源的分散供水模式,以及以地表水为主要水源的集中供水模式。供水模式的划分可为鲁西南高氟改水工作及供水安全问题提供技术支持与保障。 相似文献
12.
充分利用咸水、微咸水改善沧州水环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沧州水资源严重匮乏,不得不大量超采深层地下水,并由此而带来了地面下沉、机井报废、防汛抗旱能力下降等一系列环境地质问题,在特定的地理条件下,沧州区域内咸水、微咸水较为丰富,本文针对上述现状,探讨利用抽成补淡、咸淡混浇、咸水淡化等技术措施,充分利用咸水、微咸水,节约淡水资源,实现对沧州水环境的修复。 相似文献
13.
北京西山鹫峰地区氢氧稳定同位素特征分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以北京西山鹫峰低山区为研究对象,通过对降水、土壤水、泉水氢氧同位素的变化特征分析,研究低山区的降水-土壤水-泉水的转化关系。研究结果表明:该地区的雨季降水线与北京地区的地区降水线有明显区别,斜率和截距偏小;随降雨的进行氢氧同位素特征有时程变化和降雨量效应,而降雨的时程变化也对土壤水的同位素特征产生了影响;土壤水分同位素分布特征相对集中,蒸发线方程的斜率和截距相对于当地大气降水线和雨季降水线都偏小,栓皮栎混交林土壤水对于小雨量次降雨事件反应不敏感,而侧柏林的土壤水分运动较栓皮栎混交林快,说明林分类型和土壤特性对不同水体之间的转化有影响;泉水的同位素特征比较稳定,主要分布在地区降水线的右下方与雨季降水线的交点附近;不同水体中降雨的δD、δ18O变化范围较大,土壤水次之,泉水变化最小;而沿着大气降水-土壤水-地下水(泉水)这一水循环路径,水体中的δD、δ18O值总体上呈下降趋势。 相似文献
14.
Underground water is the important water resources for the North China Plain, but due to long-time exhaustive exploitation, a series of problems about environmental geology including salt water migration appears. The salt groundwater that distributed widely moved downward vertically, triggering a strong impact on the water supply safety in this area; simultaneously, its large storage capacity brought great resources potential. Thus it had practical guiding significance to develop research on migration of salt-fresh water interface in the North China Plain and discuss the space distribution and migration features for improvement of groundwater environment and mitigation of water resource shortage status. This paper described migration features of salt-fresh water interface through changes in boundary line of salt water and fresh water and vertical interface of salt water and found out major causes for migration of salt-fresh water interface in the area were water level difference between salt water and fresh water area, saline concentration difference in salt water and fresh water, stratigraphic structure and artificial skylight based on analysis on the influence factors 相似文献
15.
绿水及其研究进展 总被引：34，自引：6，他引：28
从水循环的角度分析,全球尺度上总降水的65%通过森林、草地、湿地和雨养农田的蒸散返回到大气中,成为绿水流（绿水）,仅有35%的降水储存于河流、湖泊以及含水层中,成为蓝水。目前的水资源评价多集中于可见的、可以被人类直接利用的蓝水资源,忽略了绿水资源的评价和管理。绿水最初被定义为蒸散流,是流向大气圈的水汽流,后来被定义为具体的资源,即绿水是源于降水、存储于土壤并通过植被蒸散发消耗掉的水资源,尤其在雨养农业区是重要的水资源。介绍了绿水的概念,绿水在陆地生态系统中的作用,综述了绿水评价研究的进展、影响绿水流的因素、全球绿水资源状况和水安全等,展望了未来绿水研究,指出应将绿水资源纳入水资源评价之中,开展绿水管理、绿水和蓝水综合利用研究,自然生态系统与粮食生产绿水均衡利用研究。 相似文献
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Mingjun Zou Chongtao Wei Miao Zhang Jian Shen Changkui Shao 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(5):1683-1692
Drainage of formation water controls pressure dropping behavior of coalbed methane wells. Different behaviors indicate that formation water can be classified into two types. The first type is ineffective water, representing the water from aquifers of strong, extremely strong water yield property, or phreatic water. It is difficult to generate pressure dropping when this type of water is pumped. The other type is effective water, representing the water from aquifers of middle or weak water yield property. Pressure decline will occur if this type of water is pumped. Based on the modified Duipt equation, the production of effective water and the production percentage of ineffective water for well QNPN01 are calculated considering the variations of influence radius, absolute permeability, and relative water permeability. The results show that in the single water flow stage, the production of effective water and the production percentage of ineffective water drop in the zigzag way at first and then keep stable roughly. In the water–gas flow stage, the production of effective water decreases firstly and then keeps stable, while the production percentage of ineffective water increases firstly and then keeps stable. Furthermore, the production of effective water in unit pressure decline indicates that the process of pressure dropping can be divided into four stages. The first one is a single water flow stage in which pressure dropping completely depends on effective water. The second one refers to the beginning of a water–gas flow stage. In the stage, pressure dropping strongly depends on effective water. Pressure dropping caused by effective water drainage starts to be replaced by gas desorbing in the third stage, and completely replaced in the fourth stage. 相似文献
18.
土壤水是联系地表水与地下水的纽带,在水资源的形成、转化及消耗过程中有重要作用,与农业、水文、环境等领域都有密切联系。所以土壤水研究越来越引起人们的重视,有了长足的进步。目前,土壤水研究走向多学科的交叉,如水热盐的耦合运移,冻结土壤中水分的运移,土壤-植物-大气连续体中的水热运移等。土壤水运动机理研究也更加深入,如优先流、土壤水参数的测定及确定、土壤水参数的空间变异性等。土壤水研究的数值模拟方法也有一些突破,如有限解析法、特征有限元法、交替方向有限元法等。土壤水研究的应用也更加广泛,如用于水资源评价、土壤水分与作物的关系、水环境评价等。 相似文献
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岩石的含水饱和度对其力学参数有着较大的影响,针对目前关于制备不同含水饱和度岩样普遍存在着精度低、时间长、岩样含水分布不均匀等问题,根据化学-热力学原理,提出一种快速有效制备不同含水饱和度岩样的方法。该方法通过调节放置有岩样的恒湿负压环境的湿度,从而精确控制岩样最终稳定时组分水的逸度,以致控制岩样最终的含水饱和度。由于恒湿环境中水蒸气的逸度是恒定的,当环境中水蒸气的逸度与岩样中组分水的逸度不同时,外界恒湿环境中的水蒸气与岩样中组分水形成逸度差,当环境中水蒸气逸度小于岩样中组分水的逸度时,岩样中组分水渗出;反之,则水渗入岩样,最终岩样中组分水的逸度达到与外界恒湿环境相同的状态,制得相应含水饱和度的岩样。岩样是放置在负压环境中制备的,在负压环境中岩样孔隙中的空气减少,水蒸气在岩样中的渗透加快,从而缩短了岩样达到稳定的时间。根据气液平衡原理,岩样稳定时,岩样各个部分组分水的逸度相同,因此,制得的岩样含水分布均匀。 相似文献