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1.
高岭石的热稳定性和热处理产物的DTA IR和EPR研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本文利用DTA、IR和EPR等方法研究了高岭石的热稳定性及100—900℃热处理产物的系统特征。高岭石的热稳定性会因为堆垛层错缺陷浓度的增大而降低。根据IR和EPR实验,所有高岭石热处理过程中的变化包括:脱羟前、脱羟和脱羟后三个阶段。小于400℃时,产物成分和结构同原高岭石相同,≥400℃开始产物的堆垛层错浓度增大并有利于继续升温后的脱羟过程。变高岭石可能介于晶质和非晶质之间。此外,高岭石Ⅰ位Fe~(3+)和变高岭石结构中的Fe~(3+)可能有某些相似的特征。 相似文献
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利用电子顺磁共振(EPR)和X射线衍射方法研究了天然和热处理钠长石单晶。热处理在500—850℃水热条件下完成。在外加磁场B平行于晶体c~*轴的方向上,测量了加热前后Fe~(3+)的EPR谱和线宽△B随温度和加热时间的变化。结果显示,线宽随Al、Si无序的增大而增加。由此得出结论,在低温钠长石中,Fe~(3+)位于Al~(3+)占据的T_1(o)位置,在被研究的温度范围内,Fe~(3+)未参与四面体位置T间Al、Si交换。谱线的加宽主要是由在Fe~(3+)邻近位置上Al、Si无序的增大引起的,同时与观测到的晶胞参数变化有关。在Al、Si无序更强的晶体中,Fe~(3+)谱变得极宽。 相似文献
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通过对单斜辉石系列钠铬辉石-硬玉样品中Cr~(3+)偏振吸收谱的谱带强度、形状及位置的分析,提出:这类矿物晶体中Cr~(3+)应处于四角畸变D_4对称晶场的晶位。由此计算出的谱带位置和观测结果一致。说明了D_4晶位假设更优于Khomenko等提出的三角畸变C_(3v)对称假说。 相似文献
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在加热条件下,利用EPR方法研究了碱性长石中不同四面体位置间的Fe~(3+)、Al~(3+)交换。低温钠长石和透长石晶体分别在水热,1 kbar,500—900℃和干加热,1050℃条件下加热。在低温钠长石中,加热后Fe~(3+)线被加宽,当温度为800℃时,除T_1(o)位置外,没有出现其余四面体位置Fe~(3+)产生的谱线。透长石在1050℃加热1300h后,T_1和T_2线的相对强度发生了变化。实验表明,在碱性长石中不同四面体间Fe~(3+)、Ak~(3+)和Fe~(3+)、Si~(4+)交换与Al~(3+)、Si~(4+)交换比较,前者速度要缓慢得多。 相似文献
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沉积岩中地开石-高岭石混层矿物的发现及成因探讨 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
1979年夏,笔者在河北省曲阳县灵山镇附近的石炭纪地层中,发现一种晶体巨大的高岭石族矿物,最大的晶粒沿C轴长度可达2厘米,(001)面的直径可达0.5毫米。由于晶粒巨大,易于挑选,引起了我们对其单矿物进行研究的兴趣。用多种手段对该矿物进行了矿物学研究,发现它既有高岭石的特征,又兼有地开石的特征,但它既不是简单的高岭石,又不是简单的地开石,而是一种地开石-高岭石的混层矿物。 相似文献
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针对近年市场新出现的老挝"田黄"石,采用折射率仪、静水称重法等常规宝石学特征分析,并结合傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、电子微探针(EPMA)、X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)等大型仪器分析测试技术,对老挝田黄石的谱学特征进行了研究,并与寿山田黄石进行对比。结果表明,老挝田黄石与寿山田黄石均以高岭石族矿物为主,常规宝石学性质相近。老挝田黄石主要成分为地开石、高岭石及地开石-高岭石过渡矿物,与地开石质寿山石(高山石等)类似,不含珍珠陶石;寿山田黄石主要成分则为地开石、高岭石、珍珠陶石,部分样品含有白云母。 相似文献
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根据高岭石基面衍射是否加强以及加强的程度,将我国煤系高岭岩的XRD曲线分为3种基本形态类型。介绍了3种XRD曲线的形态特征,并分析了造成高岭石XRD曲线差异的原因,同时否定了将基面衍射加强的高岭石看作高岭石—地开石混层矿物。 相似文献
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波伏棱型羟基纤蛇纹石是波伏棱型纤蛇纹石矿物的新变种,本文报导它的吸收光谱、红外光谱、穆斯堡尔谱、电子顺磁共振谱和核磁共振谱。 研究表明,吸收光谱是Fe~(3 )和Fe~(2 )的晶场跃迁以及Fe~(2 )→Fe~(3 )的荷移跃迁引起的;红外光谱是OH和Si-O的伸缩振动、OH转动以及Mg-O和Si-O的弯曲振动引起的;穆斯堡尔谱是Fe~(2 )_(八面体)、Fe~(3 )_(八面体)和Fe~(3 )_(四面体)引起的;电子顺磁共振谱是Mn~(2 )_(八面体)、Fe~(3 )_(八面体)和Fe~(3 )_(四面体)引起的;核磁共振谱是管道水,镁八面体和硅氧四面体上的OH引起的;矿物加热到825℃时,结构开始破坏并出现镁橄榄石相。 此外,本文还解释了该蛇纹石颜色的本质,阐明了上述过渡金属离子和OH在该矿物中的结构环境。 相似文献
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变石状(alexandrite-like)矿物的吸收光谱和它们的颜色起因作了概述。变石,是金绿宝石矿物的一个变种,它的颜色被认为是Cr~(3+)出现在金绿宝石结构中的Al~(3+)位置造成的,它进入Al_2位置比进入Al_1位置更为优先,因为它的Al—O间距较大。变石的吸收光谱显示出处于八面体配位的晶格位置中Fe~(3+)和Cr~(3+)的强带。Cr~(3+)光谱中较强组份的数量和偏振强度可用Al_2配位多面体(m对称)的畸变加以解释。在Al_1位置上的Cr~(3+)的谱带强度较低,并且只能看成Cr~(3+)(Al_2)带的台肩。变石状石榴石可被细分为富铬镁铝榴石和富锰铝榴石质的、含钒和(或)铬的镁铝榴石。在两个变石状石榴石族中,Cr~(3+)(4T_2←4A_2)和V~(3+)(3T_2←3T_1)的最大吸收大致位于17500Cm~(-1)的光谱区。这一事实可用两个石榴石族县有近似的晶体场强度解释之。变石状天然刚玉的光谱则用Cr~(3+)(V~(3+))、Fe~(3+)的d-d跃迁以及Fe~(2+)/Ti~(4+)和Fe~(2+)/Fe~(3+)的电荷转移带的迭加来解释。在变石状萤石谱中,可以观察到y~(3+)、Ce~(3+)和Sm~(2+)的吸收带。所有具有颜色变化的矿物和其它变石状相的吸收谱,除了在17300和17800cm~(-1)之间有一个最大的强吸收之外度还在1500和1600cm~(-1)之间以及19700和2IOOOcm~(-1)之间出现最小吸收。比色研究表明,将日光变为人造光时,色,图中主要波长向其红光区位移。在日光中是绿色的晶体,在人造光中通常变成红色,在日光中是蓝绿色或浅蓝色的晶体,在人造光中变成淡红紫色。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献