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1.
Abstract Air.—Any good Guest Night tune which happens to fit to a first order, and remains more or less in tune after subsequent orders. “Coming down the Mountain” and “Kabul River” would do. 相似文献
2.
《测量评论》2013,45(89):121-126
AbstractThe purpose of this note is twofold; first, to criticize the “azimuth” section of the paper “Some Notes on Astronomy as Applied to Surveying”, by R. W. Pring (E.S.R., July 1952, xi, 85, 309–318),and secondly, out of these criticisms to develop an alternative method of making observations for azimuth. It will be apparent that this method owes much to the ideas put forward by Mr. Pring. 相似文献
3.
《测量评论》2013,45(5):207-214
Abstract Artillery Survey.—Included in the term “Artillery Survey are two distinct problems, the first that of determining the “line” and “range” at which fire should be opened, and the second that of laying the gun in the required line. To appreciate these problems it. is necessary to know a little about the technique of gunnery, and for the benefit of those who have no acquaintance with the subject the following brief résumé may be given. 相似文献
4.
《测量评论》2013,45(12):329-330
AbstractMajor Hotine (E.S.R., No. II, pp. 264–8) still finds the location of a reference spheroid to offer insuperable difficulties. I confess that my difficulty is to see his! In my previous article (E.S.R., No. 8) at the foot of page 76, I used the word “coincidence” in error for “parallelism”. This harmonizes the article and I am glad that Major Hotine has directed attention to the error. 相似文献
5.
《测量评论》2013,45(29):413-417
AbstractIn the E.S.R. No. 17 of July 1935, page 138, there appeared an article by Prof. F. A. Redmond on “The use of Even Angles in Stadia Surveying”. Since I have given this method a six-months' test in the field, using Prof. Redmond's “Tacheometric Tables” for the reduction of the measurements, the conclusions reached may be of some interest. 相似文献
6.
《测量评论》2013,45(11):264-268
AbstractI may say at once that this article has nothing to do with either the Gaiety chorus or the “Old Firm”: it is merely a statement of what seem to me the fancies in Dr. de Graaff Hunter's paper “Figures of Reference for the Earth”, E.S.R., No. 8,pp. 73–8. Many readers of the Review will share my gratitude to Dr. Hunter for his lucid presentation of the theory underlying the usual geodetic processes. I disagree with only one of his points, and its implications, but unfortunately that point is fundamental. 相似文献
7.
AbstractI. Introduction.—Map projection is a branch of applied mathematics which owes much to J. H. Lambert (v. this Review, i, 2, 91). In his “Beyträge zum Gebrauche der Mathematik und deren Anwendung” (Berlin, 1772) he arrived at a form of projection whereof the Transverse Mercator is a special case, and pointed out that this special case is adapted to a country of great extent in latitude but of small longitudinal width. Germain (“Traité des Projections”, Paris, 1865) described it as the Projection cylindrique orthomorphe de Lambert, but he also introduced the name Projection de Mercator transverse or renversée; he shows that Lambert's treatment of the projection was remarkably simple. 相似文献
8.
Abstract19. Formulae.—In Nos. 6, vol. i, and 9, vol. ii, pp. 259 and 156, there has been described a new method for dealing with long geodesics on the earth's surface. There the so-called “inverse” problem has claimed first attention: given the latitudes and longitudes of the extremities of a geodesic, to find its length and terminal azimuths. It remains to discuss the “direct” problem : a geodesic of given length starts on a given azimuth from a station of known latitude and longitude; to find the latitude and longitude of its extremity and the azimuth thereat. The solution of this direct problem demands a certain recasting of the formulae previously given. In order of working the several expressions now assume the forms below. 相似文献
9.
《测量评论》2013,45(65):131-134
Abstract1. In geodetic work a ‘Laplace Point’ connotes a place where both longitude and azimuth have been observed astronomically. Geodetic surveys emanate from an “origin” O, whose coordinates are derived from astronomical observations: and positions of any other points embraced by the survey can be calculated on the basis of an assumed figure of reference which in practice is a spheroid formed by the revolution of an ellipse about its minor axis. The coordinates (latitude = ?, longitude = λ and azimuth = A) so computed are designated “geodetic”. 相似文献
10.
《测量评论》2013,45(60):217-219
AbstractMap Projections.—A matter that should have been mentioned in the original article under this title (E.S.R., vii, 51, 190) is the definition of a map projection. In the list of carefully worded “Definitions of Terms used in Surveying and Mapping” prepared by the American Society of Photogrammetry (Photogrammetrie Engineering, vol. 8,1942, pp. 247–283), a map projection is defined as “a systematic drawing of lines on a plane surface to represent the parallels of latitude and the meridians of longitude of the earth or a section of the earth”, and most other published works in which a definition appears employ a somewhat similar wording. This, however, is an unnecessary limitation of the term. Many projections are (and all projections can be) plotted from rectangular grid co-ordinates, and meridians and parallels need not be drawn at all; but a map is still on a projection even when a graticule is not shown. Objection could be raised also to the limitation to “plane surface”, since we may speak of the projection of the spheroid upon a sphere, or of the sphere upon a hemisphere. Hence, it is suggested that “any systematic method of representing the whole or a part of the curved surface of the Earth upon another (usually plane) surface” is an adequate definition of a map projection. 相似文献
11.
AbstractThe following is a report of the discussion on the paper by Mr. A. R. Robbins on “Deviation of the Vertical” which was read at a meeting of the Land Surveying Division of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors held on Tuesday, 12th December, 1950, and which was published in the January issue of this Review (xi, 79, 28–36). 相似文献
12.
《测量评论》2013,45(43):270-271
AbstractIf it be assumed that the linear measurements of traversing are alone afflicted with error, the method of distribution of error demands consideration. In the present paper the notation of Wright and Hayford will be followed (“Adjustment of Observations”, 1906 edn., p. 156). 相似文献
13.
Abstract“A Well-Defined mountain, though miles inland and never visited by the surveyors, will often prove the very keystone of a chart which cannot be regularly and theoretically triangulated” (“Hydrographic Surveying”, by Rear-Adm. Sir Wm J. L. Wharton, K.C.B., and Rear-Adm. Mostyn Field, F.R.S. 3rd Ed. 1909, p. 128). To many the reasons prohibiting the occupation of inland stations may be unknown; it may suffice to state that, in the past, British hydrographers have mapped many coastal waters where penetration of the land was at least inadvisable. Since the charts so made were in general sold to the world, seamen of all nations have benefited from the surveys. 相似文献
14.
《测量评论》2013,45(8):90-93
AbstractTHE very interesting article on “Road-surveying in the East” by J. N. List appearing in NO. 6 of the Review suggests that the following notes on the methods of road location used in the Gold Coast may be of interest. These methods enter into considerably more detail than those described by Mr. List and are of proved economic value. 相似文献
15.
《测量评论》2013,45(46):462-474
AbstractIn this paper we shall consider the errors in the measurement of horizontal angles arising from periodic errors of graduation of the horizontal circle, and the effect on such errors of repeating observations of the same angle on different “zeroes”. The question is not only one of interest from the point of view of mathematical and instrumental theory, but it also has practical applications. 相似文献
16.
《测量评论》2013,45(36):334-336
AbstractThe following paragraphs may serve to show that there is more in the word antipodes than meets the eye. And it will be reasonable in an investigation of this sort to begin with some dictionary definitions. For this purpose let us take the definitions given in the “Oxford Dictionary”. 相似文献
17.
《测量评论》2013,45(84):278-279
AbstractMany methods of mapping from air photographs “without control” have been proposed from time to time. Usually this means having no control, or very little, on the ground. The following paper describes some experiences of mapping without controlling the photographs inter se, a suggestion which must rank as improper with a Photogrammetrist. 相似文献
18.
《测量评论》2013,45(12):345-346
AbstractIn the course of his stimulating and suggestive paper in your recent issue, No. ro, pp. 226–38, Mr. A. J. Potter writes on p. 233 “but there is no simple construction by which X can then be found”, and again on p. 237 “a direct construction, if there be such”. This cheerful challenge invites the construction of a circle centred on a given line, passing through a given point thereon, and touching a given circle, and I have found the lure of Mr. Potter's gauntlet as irresistible as its recovery has proved delicate. In order to shoulder responsibility and by no means to claim highly improbable originality, let me confess that the problem is new to me and the two constructions I offer are my own; I venture to hope that Mr. Potter may consider one or other of them not unworthy of his epithet “simple”, though I freely admit the aptitude of his empiric procedure to its purpose. The proofs are not long, but for fear of overshooting my welcome I offer them to anyone for the asking; and for the same reason my diagrams are small and therefore mere. 相似文献
19.
《测量评论》2013,45(58):152-153
AbstractIn vol. iv, nos. 29 and 30, of the E.S.R., there appeared an article by Mr. D. R. Hendrikz on the “Adjustment of the Secondary Triangulation of South Africa”. He shows that, in applying the Schols method of orthomorphic transmission to the adjustment of a secondary net to a primary triangle, the secondary sides suffer small displacements. 相似文献
20.
AbstractAn additional note on these problems, which were considered in No. 23, pp. 49-53, appears desirable. The “alternative form” on p. 51 was presented in a manner calculated to demand an explanation; since none has been forthcoming no apology is necessary for a further reference. 相似文献